阅读说明：本技术 一种提高鱼虾免疫力的饲料添加剂、其制备方法及应用 (Feed additive for improving immunity of fishes and shrimps as well as preparation method and application thereof ) 是由 张亮 于 2021-01-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种提高鱼虾免疫力的饲料添加剂,所述饲料添加剂能够为鱼虾提供多种生理活性物质及生长所需的营养物质,具有抵抗应激、抗氧化、解毒、抗菌抗炎紧固鳞片的功效,能够促进鱼虾生长发育,提高鱼虾的免疫力。本发明通过各原料相互作用,能够有效提高鱼虾中虾青素的含量,提高酸性磷酸酶的活力,提高蛋白酶的活性,从而有效提高鱼虾的免疫力和抗病力,改善鱼虾的体色；还能够改善水体的环境,优化鱼虾的生长环境,防止非缺氧性浮头,有效抵抗捕捞等造成的损伤,提高运输成活力。(The feed additive can provide various physiological active substances and nutrient substances required by growth for fishes and shrimps, has the effects of resisting stress, resisting oxidation, detoxifying, resisting bacteria, resisting inflammation and fastening scales, can promote the growth and development of the fishes and shrimps and improve the immunity of the fishes and shrimps. According to the invention, through interaction of the raw materials, the content of astaxanthin in fish and shrimp can be effectively increased, the activity of acid phosphatase is improved, and the activity of protease is improved, so that the immunity and disease resistance of fish and shrimp are effectively improved, and the body color of fish and shrimp is improved; the environment of the water body can be improved, the growth environment of the fishes and shrimps is optimized, the non-anoxic floating heads are prevented, the damage caused by fishing and the like is effectively resisted, and the transportation viability is improved.)

1. The feed additive for improving the immunity of fishes and shrimps is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:

25-75 parts of microbial fermentation plant material, 0.1-10 parts of Phaffia rhodozyma, 0.1-3.5 parts of tea polyphenol, 0.1-5 parts of taurine, 0.1-10 parts of citric acid, 0.1-5 parts of tartaric acid, 0.1-1.0 part of inositol, 0.1-0.5 part of grape seed extract and 0.3-8 parts of sodium laurate glutamate;

the microbial fermentation plant material comprises a solid material A and a liquid material B:

the solid material A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

20-30 parts of potassium fulvate, 1-10 parts of soybean meal, 1-5 parts of clove, 1-5 parts of schisandra chinensis, 1-5 parts of honeysuckle, 1-5 parts of folium cortex eucommiae, 1-5 parts of houttuynia cordata and 1-5 parts of rhodiola rosea;

the liquid material B comprises the following raw materials in parts by volume:

1-10 parts of bacillus liquid, 1-10 parts of lactobacillus liquid and 1-10 parts of acetobacter liquid.

2. The feed additive for improving immunity of fish and shrimp according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of bacteria in each bacteria liquid in the liquid material B is 5 x 10⁸More than cfu/ml.

3. The feed additive for improving immunity of fish and shrimp according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the microbial fermentation plant material comprises the following steps:

respectively taking the raw materials in the solid material A, crushing, and then uniformly mixing to obtain mixed powder; mixing the raw materials in the liquid material to obtain a mixed bacterial liquid; adding the mixed bacterial liquid into the mixed powder, adding water, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed material, fermenting for 3-5 days at 30-35 ℃, and drying at 50-60 ℃ to obtain the microbial fermentation plant material.

4. The feed additive for improving immunity of fishes and shrimps as claimed in claim 3, wherein the particle size of the mixed powder is 80-100 meshes.

5. The feed additive for improving immunity of fishes and shrimps as claimed in claim 3, wherein the water content in the mixed material is 30-40 wt%.

6. The preparation method of the feed additive for improving immunity of fishes and shrimps as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) adding grape seeds into an ethanol solution, standing for 1-2 h, filtering, airing to obtain dried grape seeds, then carrying out freeze drying on the dried grape seeds at-30 to-20 ℃ for 3-4 h, crushing to obtain grape seed powder, adding the grape seed powder into the ethanol solution, carrying out reflux extraction for 2-3 times, extracting for 1-2 h each time, filtering, concentrating and drying to obtain a grape seed extract;

(2) uniformly mixing a microbial fermentation plant material and a grape seed extract, then sequentially adding Phaffia rhodozyma, tea polyphenol, taurine, citric acid, tartaric acid, inositol and sodium laurate glutamate, and uniformly mixing to obtain raw material mixed powder;

(3) and (3) adding water into the raw material mixed powder obtained in the step (2), sieving, uniformly mixing, granulating to obtain mixed granules, and drying to obtain the feed additive for improving the immunity of the fishes and shrimps.

7. The preparation method of the feed additive for improving immunity of fishes and shrimps as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the step (1), the concentration of the ethanol solution is 50-60%.

8. The preparation method of the feed additive for improving immunity of fishes and shrimps as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the step (1), the particle size of the grape seed powder is 100-200 meshes.

9. The preparation method of the feed additive for improving immunity of fishes and shrimps as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the step (3), the amount of water added is 5-8 wt% of the raw material mixed powder.

10. The use of the feed additive for improving immunity of fish and shrimp according to any one of claims 1-5 in preparing feed for improving body color of fish and shrimp.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to a feed additive for improving immunity of fishes and shrimps, and a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

With the increase of the demand of human beings for fish and shrimp, the fish and shrimp aquaculture industry is developed. However, in the process of fish and shrimp cultivation, the fish and shrimp are often damaged by fish and shrimp diseases, so that the fish and shrimp die in large quantity or the quality of the fish and shrimp is reduced. In the traditional fish and shrimp culture process, a large amount of antibiotics are used for preventing and treating fish and shrimp diseases, and the survival rate of the fish and shrimp is improved. However, antibiotics are easy to remain in bodies of fishes and shrimps, so that the quality of the fishes and shrimps is reduced, and the antibiotics are easy to cause drug resistance of the fishes and shrimps after being used for a long time, and pollute the water area, so that ecological imbalance is caused, and vicious circle is caused.

Aiming at the technical problems caused by the use of a large amount of antibiotics, the prior art adopts a method for treating fish and shrimp diseases by adopting traditional Chinese medicines, but the traditional Chinese medicines have slow effect, large dosage and easy pollution to water areas, so the technical problems of inconvenient use and poor effect exist.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a fish acid phosphatase protein-producing agent which can improve the activity of fish acid phosphatase so as to enhance the immunity; astaxanthin is added, so that the body color of the fish and the shrimp is improved; the feed additive can prevent non-anoxic floating head, and has the effects of resisting stress, resisting oxidation, removing toxic substances, resisting bacteria and inflammation, fastening scales, resisting damage caused by fishing and the like, and improving transportation viability.

The feed additive for improving the immunity of fishes and shrimps provided by the invention comprises the following components in parts by weight:

25-75 parts of microbial fermentation plant material, 0.1-10 parts of Phaffia rhodozyma, 0.1-3.5 parts of tea polyphenol, 0.1-5 parts of taurine, 0.1-10 parts of citric acid, 0.1-5 parts of tartaric acid, 0.1-1.0 part of inositol, 0.1-0.5 part of grape seed extract and 0.3-8 parts of sodium laurate glutamate;

the microbial fermentation plant material comprises a solid material A and a liquid material B:

the solid material A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

20-30 parts of potassium fulvate, 1-10 parts of soybean meal, 1-5 parts of clove, 1-5 parts of schisandra chinensis, 1-5 parts of honeysuckle, 1-5 parts of folium cortex eucommiae, 1-5 parts of houttuynia cordata and 1-5 parts of rhodiola rosea;

the liquid material B comprises the following raw materials in parts by volume:

1-10 parts of bacillus liquid, 1-10 parts of lactobacillus liquid and 1-10 parts of acetobacter liquid.

The corresponding relation between the parts by weight and the parts by volume in the invention is g/mL or kg/L.

In the feed additive provided by the invention, inositol has an immune function, so that on one hand, the growth of Phaffia rhodozyma can be promoted, and on the other hand, the synthesis of vitamins in water-producing organisms can be stimulated, and the growth and development of fishes and shrimps can be promoted. The phaffia rhodozyma can promote the synthesis of astaxanthin, is beneficial to the improvement of the body color of fishes and shrimps on one hand, and can provide the activity of acid phosphatase in the fishes on the other hand, thereby improving the immunity. Taurine can regulate lipid metabolism, improve oxidation resistance of fish and shrimp, improve quality of fish and shrimp, regulate balance of trace elements in feed, and promote ingestion of crustacean. The tea polyphenols and grape seed extract can synergistically inhibit growth and biofilm of Pseudomonas, thereby reducing harm of Pseudomonas to fish and shrimp. The citric acid and the tartaric acid have the advantages of no toxicity and no residue, can promote the absorption of minerals by aquatic animals, and provide the utilization rate of the feed. In addition, citric acid and tartaric acid are used together, so that the number of escherichia coli and anaerobic bacteria can be reduced, and the disease rate of fish and shrimp is reduced. The citric acid and the tartaric acid can participate in physiological reactions of fish and shrimp, reduce the pH value of the feed, activate the activity of protease and improve the activity of the enzyme, thereby promoting the growth of the fish and shrimp. In the microbial fermentation plant material, plant raw materials such as soybean meal, clove, schisandra chinensis, honeysuckle, folium cortex eucommiae, houttuynia cordata and rhodiola rosea in the solid material are fermented together by bacillus, lactobacillus and acetobacter, so that the plant raw materials are easily absorbed by fishes and shrimps and have the effects of diminishing inflammation, resisting oxidation and detoxifying. The potassium fulvate has a plurality of active groups such as carboxyl, hydroxyl, phenol group and the like, can complex heavy metal ions, purify water quality, improve the living environment of fishes and shrimps, can supplement beneficial bacteria for water, inhibit harmful bacteria, decompose organic matters, promote the digestion and absorption of fishes and shrimps on feed, and inhibit the generation of pathogens. The microbial fermentation plant material has the characteristics of small molecular weight and easy absorption, has the effects of diminishing inflammation and detoxifying, reduces the morbidity of fishes and shrimps, can improve the water environment, supplements beneficial bacteria for the water, decomposes organic matters in the water, and further improves the quality of the fishes and shrimps.

Preferably, the concentration of bacteria in each bacteria liquid in the liquid material B is 5 x 10⁸More than cfu/ml. The liquid material B provided by the invention comprises bacillus liquid, lactobacillus liquid and acetobacter liquid, the concentration of bacteria in the bacillus liquid is in the range, and the solid material can be fully fermented.

Preferably, the preparation method of the microbial fermentation plant material comprises the following steps:

respectively taking the raw materials in the solid material A, crushing, and then uniformly mixing to obtain mixed powder; mixing the raw materials in the liquid material to obtain a mixed bacterial liquid; adding the mixed bacterial liquid into the mixed powder, adding water, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed material, fermenting for 3-5 days at 30-35 ℃, and drying at 50-60 ℃ to obtain the microbial fermentation plant material.

Preferably, the particle size of the mixed powder is 80-100 meshes. The particle size of the mixed powder is 80-100 meshes, and the mixed bacteria liquid can be fully contacted with the mixed powder, so that the fermentation of the bacteria liquid on the mixed powder is promoted.

Preferably, the water content in the mixed material is 30-40 wt%. The water content in the mixed material is 30-40%, which is beneficial to the growth and reproduction of microorganisms in the bacterial liquid and promotes the fermentation.

The invention provides a preparation method of the feed additive for improving the immunity of fishes and shrimps, which comprises the following steps:

(1) adding grape seeds into an ethanol solution, standing for 1-2 h, filtering, airing to obtain dried grape seeds, then carrying out freeze drying on the dried grape seeds at-30 to-20 ℃ for 3-4 h, crushing to obtain grape seed powder, adding the grape seed powder into the ethanol solution, carrying out reflux extraction for 2-3 times, extracting for 1-2 h each time, filtering, concentrating and drying to obtain a grape seed extract;

preferably, the concentration of the ethanol solution is 50-60%.

Preferably, the particle size of the grape seed powder is 100-200 meshes.

The grape seed extract provided by the invention is washed by ethanol to remove impurities, then is frozen and dried to keep active substances in the grape seed extract not damaged, and then is extracted by refluxing, so that the obtained grape seed extract contains procyanidine, protein and polysaccharide, and has the effects of improving immunity and fatigue.

(2) Uniformly mixing a microbial fermentation plant material and a grape seed extract, then sequentially adding Phaffia rhodozyma, tea polyphenol, taurine, citric acid, tartaric acid, inositol and sodium laurate glutamate, and uniformly mixing to obtain raw material mixed powder;

(3) and (3) adding water into the raw material mixed powder obtained in the step (2), sieving, uniformly mixing, granulating to obtain mixed granules, and drying to obtain the feed additive for improving the immunity of the fishes and shrimps.

Preferably, the addition amount of the water is 5-8 wt% of the raw material mixed powder.

The feed additive for improving the immunity of the fishes and the shrimps, which is provided by the invention, can be used in the feed for the fishes and the shrimps and has the effect of improving the body colors of the fishes and the shrimps. The dosage of the feed is 2-4 wt% of fish and shrimp feed.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the inositol in the feed additive for improving the immunity of the fishes and the shrimps, which is provided by the invention, promotes the growth of the Phaffia rhodozyma on one hand, and stimulates the synthesis of vitamins in water-producing organisms on the other hand, thereby promoting the growth and development of the fishes and the shrimps. The phaffia rhodozyma can promote the synthesis of astaxanthin, is beneficial to the improvement of the body color of fishes and shrimps on one hand, and can provide the activity of acid phosphatase in the fishes on the other hand, thereby improving the immunity. The taurine improves the oxidation resistance of the fish and the shrimp, improves the quality of the fish and the shrimp, regulates the balance of trace elements in the feed and promotes the ingestion of the crustacean by regulating lipid metabolism. The tea polyphenols and grape seed extract can synergistically inhibit growth and biofilm of Pseudomonas, thereby reducing harm of Pseudomonas to fish and shrimp. The citric acid and tartaric acid can promote the absorption of minerals by fish and shrimp, improve the utilization rate of feed, improve the activity of enzyme, and promote the growth of fish and shrimp. In the microbial fermentation plant material, after the solid material is fermented by bacillus, lactobacillus and acetobacter together, the solid material is easily absorbed by fishes and shrimps and has the effects of diminishing inflammation, resisting oxidation and detoxifying; the potassium fulvate can purify water quality and improve the living environment of fishes and shrimps by complexing heavy metal ions. The microbial fermentation plant material has the characteristics of small molecular weight and easy absorption, has the effects of diminishing inflammation and detoxifying, reduces the morbidity of fishes and shrimps, can improve the water environment, supplements beneficial bacteria for the water, decomposes organic matters in the water, and further improves the quality of the fishes and shrimps.

2. The feed additive for improving the immunity of fishes and shrimps provided by the invention can effectively improve the astaxanthin content in the fishes and shrimps, improve the activity of acid phosphatase and improve the activity of protease through the interaction of all the raw materials, thereby effectively improving the immunity of the fishes and shrimps and improving the body color of the fishes and shrimps. The feed additive provided by the invention can also improve the environment of water, improve the growth environment of fishes and shrimps and prevent non-anoxic floating heads; has the effects of resisting stress, resisting oxidation, removing toxic substances, resisting bacteria and inflammation, fastening scales, effectively resisting damage caused by fishing and the like, and improving the transportation viability.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

A feed additive for improving immunity of fishes and shrimps comprises the following components in parts by weight:

25g of microbial fermentation plant material, 0.1g of phaffia rhodozyma, 0.1g of tea polyphenol, 0.1g of taurine, 0.1g of citric acid, 0.1g of tartaric acid, 0.1g of inositol, 0.1g of grape seed extract and 0.3g of sodium laurate glutamate;

the microbial fermentation plant material comprises a solid material A and a liquid material B:

the solid material A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

20g of potassium fulvate, 1g of soybean meal, 1g of clove, 1g of schisandra chinensis, 1g of honeysuckle, 1g of folium cortex eucommiae, 1g of houttuynia cordata and 1g of rhodiola rosea;

the liquid material B comprises the following raw materials by volume:

1mL of bacillus liquid, 1mL of lactobacillus liquid and 1mL of acetobacter liquid; the concentration of the bacteria in each bacterial liquid was 5X 10⁸More than cfu/ml.

The preparation method of the microbial fermentation plant material comprises the following steps:

respectively taking the raw materials in the solid material A, crushing, and then uniformly mixing to obtain mixed powder with the particle size of 80-100 meshes; mixing the raw materials in the liquid material to obtain a mixed bacterial liquid; adding the mixed bacterial liquid into the mixed powder, adding 30 wt% of water, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed material, fermenting at 35 ℃ for 3 days, and drying at 50 ℃ to obtain the microbial fermentation plant material.

The preparation method of the feed additive for improving the immunity of the fishes and the shrimps comprises the following steps:

(1) adding grape seeds into an ethanol solution with the concentration of 2 times and 50%, standing for 2h, filtering, airing to obtain dried grape seeds, then freeze-drying the dried grape seeds for 3h at the temperature of-30 ℃, crushing to obtain grape seed powder with the particle size of 100-200 meshes, adding the grape seed powder into the ethanol solution with the concentration of 50%, reflux-extracting for 2 times, extracting for 2h each time, filtering, concentrating, and drying to obtain a grape seed extract;

(2) uniformly mixing a microbial fermentation plant material and a grape seed extract, then sequentially adding Phaffia rhodozyma, tea polyphenol, taurine, citric acid, tartaric acid, inositol and sodium laurate glutamate, and uniformly mixing to obtain raw material mixed powder;

(3) and (3) adding 5 wt% of water into the raw material mixed powder obtained in the step (2), sieving, uniformly mixing, granulating to obtain mixed granules, and drying to obtain the feed additive for improving the immunity of the fishes and shrimps.

Example 2

A feed additive for improving immunity of fishes and shrimps comprises the following components in parts by weight:

75g of microbial fermentation plant material, 10g of phaffia rhodozyma, 3.5g of tea polyphenol, 5g of taurine, 10g of citric acid, 5g of tartaric acid, 1.0g of inositol, 0.5g of grape seed extract and 8g of sodium laurate glutamate;

the microbial fermentation plant material comprises a solid material A and a liquid material B:

the solid material A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

30g of potassium fulvate, 10g of soybean meal, 5g of clove, 5g of schisandra chinensis, 5g of honeysuckle, 5g of folium cortex eucommiae, 5g of houttuynia cordata and 5g of rhodiola rosea;

the liquid material B comprises the following raw materials by volume:

10mL of bacillus liquid, 10mL of lactobacillus liquid and 10mL of acetobacter liquid; the concentration of the bacteria in each bacterial liquid was 5X 10⁸More than cfu/ml.

The preparation method of the microbial fermentation plant material comprises the following steps:

respectively taking the raw materials in the solid material A, crushing, and then uniformly mixing to obtain mixed powder with the particle size of 80-100 meshes; mixing the raw materials in the liquid material to obtain a mixed bacterial liquid; adding the mixed bacterial liquid into the mixed powder, adding 40 wt% of water, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed material, fermenting at 30 ℃ for 5 days, and drying at 60 ℃ to obtain the microbial fermentation plant material.

The preparation method of the feed additive for improving the immunity of the fishes and the shrimps comprises the following steps:

(1) adding grape seeds into 2 times of 60% ethanol solution, standing for 1h, filtering, air drying to obtain dried grape seeds, freeze-drying the dried grape seeds at-20 ℃ for 4h, crushing to obtain grape seed powder with the particle size of 100-200 meshes, adding the grape seed powder into 60% ethanol solution, reflux-extracting for 3 times, extracting for 1h each time, filtering, concentrating, and drying to obtain a grape seed extract;

(2) uniformly mixing a microbial fermentation plant material and a grape seed extract, then sequentially adding Phaffia rhodozyma, tea polyphenol, taurine, citric acid, tartaric acid, inositol and sodium laurate glutamate, and uniformly mixing to obtain raw material mixed powder;

(3) and (3) adding 8 wt% of water into the raw material mixed powder obtained in the step (2), sieving, uniformly mixing, granulating to obtain mixed granules, and drying to obtain the feed additive for improving the immunity of the fishes and shrimps.

Example 3

A feed additive for improving immunity of fishes and shrimps comprises the following components in parts by weight:

50g of microbial fermentation plant material, 8g of phaffia rhodozyma, 3g of tea polyphenol, 4g of taurine, 5g of citric acid, 2.5g of tartaric acid, 0.5g of inositol, 0.3g of grape seed extract and 2.5g of sodium laurate glutamate;

the microbial fermentation plant material comprises a solid material A and a liquid material B:

the solid material A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

25g of fulvic acid potassium, 5g of soybean meal, 3g of clove, 3g of schisandra chinensis, 3g of honeysuckle, 3g of eucommia ulmoides leaves, 3g of houttuynia cordata and 3g of rhodiola rosea;

the liquid material B comprises the following raw materials by volume:

8mL of bacillus liquid, 8mL of lactobacillus liquid and 8mL of acetobacter liquid; the concentration of the bacteria in each bacterial liquid was 5X 10⁸More than cfu/ml.

The preparation method of the microbial fermentation plant material comprises the following steps:

respectively taking the raw materials in the solid material A, crushing, and then uniformly mixing to obtain mixed powder with the particle size of 80-100 meshes; mixing the raw materials in the liquid material to obtain a mixed bacterial liquid; adding the mixed bacterial liquid into the mixed powder, adding 35 wt% of water, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed material, fermenting at 32 ℃ for 4 days, and drying at 55 ℃ to obtain the microbial fermentation plant material.

The preparation method of the feed additive for improving the immunity of the fishes and the shrimps comprises the following steps:

(1) adding grape seeds into an ethanol solution with the concentration of 2 times of 55%, standing for 1.5h, filtering, airing to obtain dried grape seeds, then freeze-drying the dried grape seeds for 3.5h at-30 ℃, crushing to obtain grape seed powder with the particle size of 100-200 meshes, adding the grape seed powder into the ethanol solution with the concentration of 55%, extracting for 2 times by refluxing, extracting for 1.5h each time, filtering, concentrating and drying to obtain a grape seed extract;

(2) uniformly mixing a microbial fermentation plant material and a grape seed extract, then sequentially adding Phaffia rhodozyma, tea polyphenol, taurine, citric acid, tartaric acid, inositol and sodium laurate glutamate, and uniformly mixing to obtain raw material mixed powder;

(3) and (3) adding 6 wt% of water into the raw material mixed powder obtained in the step (2), sieving, uniformly mixing, granulating to obtain mixed granules, and drying to obtain the feed additive for improving the immunity of the fishes and shrimps.

Comparative example 1

A fish and shrimp feed additive comprises the following components by weight:

8g of phaffia rhodozyma, 3g of tea polyphenol, 4g of taurine, 5g of citric acid, 2.5g of tartaric acid, 0.5g of inositol, 0.3g of grape seed extract and 2.5g of sodium laurate glutamate;

the above-described feed additive was prepared in the same manner as in example 3, except that the addition of the microorganism-fermented plant material was not included in step (2).

Comparative example 2

A fish and shrimp feed additive comprises the following components by weight:

50g of microbial fermentation plant material, 4g of taurine, 5g of citric acid, 2.5g of tartaric acid, 0.5g of inositol and 2.5g of sodium laurate glutamate;

the composition of the microbial fermented plant material, i.e. the preparation method, was the same as in example 3.

The above feed additive for fish and shrimp was prepared in the same manner as in example 3, except that the step (1) was not included; the step (2) does not include the addition of phaffia rhodozyma, tea polyphenol and grape seed extract.

Test examples

1.5 fishponds with the same size and water quality are selected, and the area of each fishpond is66m²The left and the right are named as No. 1 fishpond, No. 2 fishpond, No. 3 fishpond, No. 4 fishpond and No. 5 fishpond respectively. 1.2 thousands of fish tails of carp fries with the same quantity are put in each fishpond and cultured for 10 days, wherein feed additives obtained in the examples 1-3 are put in the No. 1-3 fishponds along with feeds, the feed additive of the comparative example 1 is put in the No. 4 fishponds along with feeds, the feed additive of the comparative example 2 is put in the No. 5 fishponds along with feeds, the feeding amount of the feeds and the feeding amount of the feed additives in each fishpond are the same, the using amount of the feed additives is 2.5 wt% of the feeds, the survival rate and the average weight gain rate of the fishes in each fishpond are counted, and the results are shown in the table 1.

TABLE 1 survival rate and mean weight gain results for fish in each pond

Group of	Survival rate (%)	Average weight gain (%)
			No. 1 fishpond	98.56	52.6％
No. 2 fishpond	97.36	57.3％
			No. 3 fishpond	99.12	50.9％
No. 4 fishpond	87.21	30.7％
			No. 5 fishpond	75.65	32.8％

As can be seen from the results in table 1, the survival rates of the carp fries in the fish ponds No. 1-3 are more than 97%, while the survival rates of the carp fries in the fish ponds No. 4 and 5 are obviously lower than those of the fish ponds No. 1, 2 and 3; the weight gain rate of the carp fries in the No. 1-No. 3 fishpond is 50.9-57.3%, and the weight gain rate of the carp fries in the No. 4 fishpond and the No. 5 fishpond is obviously lower than that of the No. 1 fishpond, the No. 2 fishpond and the No. 3 fishpond; in addition, it should be noted that the water quality of the No. 1-No. 3 fishponds is relatively clear compared with the No. 4 fishponds and the No. 5 fishponds. The result shows that the feed additive provided by the invention can effectively improve the survival rate of fish and shrimp, improve the growth environment of fish and shrimp and promote the growth of fish and shrimp.

2. Taking 50 carps with the weight of 500 +/-10 g, averagely dividing the carps into 5 groups, wherein 10 carps in each group are respectively named as a test group 1, a test group 2, a test group 3, a control group 1 and a control group 2, wherein the test groups 1-3 are respectively fed with the feed additives obtained in the examples 1-3, the control group 1 is fed with the feed additive in the comparative example 1, the control group 2 is fed with the feed additive in the comparative example 2, the feed and the feed additive in each group are fed in the same amount, the feed additive is used in an amount of 3 wt% of the feed, feeding is carried out for one month, and the acid phosphatase activity in the serum of each group of carps is measured by using an acid phosphatase activity measuring kit. The results are shown in Table 2.

TABLE 2 measurement results of acid phosphatase activity

Group of	Average acid phosphatase Activity (U/g)
		Test group 1	49.68
Test group 2	51.21
		Test group 3	53.26
Control group 1	33.12
		Control group 2	25.36

The results in table 2 show that the activity of acid phosphatase in the blood serum of the carps of the test groups 1 to 3 is more than 49U/g, and the activities of the acid phosphatases of the control group 1 and the control group 2 are less than 33U/g and far lower than those of the test groups 1 to 3, which indicates that the feed additive for improving the immunity of fishes and shrimps provided by the invention can effectively improve the activity of the acid phosphatase in the carps, and the improvement of the activity of the acid phosphatase can improve the immunity and disease resistance of the fishes and shrimps. The above results fully show that the feed additive provided by the invention can synergistically improve the immunity and disease resistance of fishes and shrimps through the interaction of the components.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.