Automatic compensation method and device for numerical control machine tool cutter, production line controller and storage medium

文档序号：655777 发布日期：2021-04-27 浏览：19次中文

阅读说明：本技术 数控机床刀具自动补偿方法、装置、产线控制器及存储介质 (Automatic compensation method and device for numerical control machine tool cutter, production line controller and storage medium ) 是由邵国安吴环宋家春刘文锋于 2020-12-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种数控机床刀具自动补偿方法、装置、产线控制器及存储介质,所述方法包括：当加工工件到达测量仪器的测量位置测量时,读取测量仪器的测量数据,所述测量仪器为激光传感器；将测量数据发送给各台数控设备,同时与各数控设备进行双方通信,以完成刀具自动补偿操作。本发明通过读取测量仪器的测量数据,将测量数据发送给各台数控设备,同时与各数控设备进行双方通信,以完成刀具自动补偿操作,实现了工件加工的过程中自动修正刀具补偿,使加工过程更具自动化、高效化、无人化。(The invention discloses a method and a device for automatically compensating a numerical control machine tool cutter, a production line controller and a storage medium, wherein the method comprises the following steps: reading measurement data of a measuring instrument when a processed workpiece reaches a measurement position of the measuring instrument for measurement, wherein the measuring instrument is a laser sensor; and sending the measurement data to each numerical control device, and simultaneously carrying out two-party communication with each numerical control device so as to finish the automatic compensation operation of the cutter. The invention reads the measurement data of the measuring instrument, sends the measurement data to each numerical control device, and simultaneously carries out two-way communication with each numerical control device to finish the automatic compensation operation of the cutter, thereby realizing the automatic correction of the cutter compensation in the process of processing the workpiece and leading the processing process to be more automatic, efficient and unmanned.)

1. An automatic compensation method for a numerical control machine tool cutter is applied to a production line controller, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:

reading the measurement data of the measuring instrument when the processed workpiece reaches the measurement position of the measuring instrument for measurement; wherein the measuring instrument is a laser sensor;

and sending the measurement data to each numerical control device, and simultaneously carrying out two-party communication with each numerical control device so as to finish the automatic compensation operation of the cutter.

2. The automatic tool compensation method of a numerical control machine according to claim 1, wherein the two-way communication with each numerical control device is performed to complete the automatic tool compensation operation, specifically comprising:

and the G signal and the F signal are communicated with each numerical control device to finish the automatic compensation operation of the cutter.

3. The automatic tool compensation method of the numerical control machine according to claim 2, wherein the automatic tool compensation operation is completed by performing two-way communication with each numerical control device through the G signal and the F signal, and specifically comprises:

informing each numerical control device by using a specific G signal so that the numerical control device performs cutter compensation calculation on the measurement data according to set parameters after receiving the G signal, judging whether the processed workpiece is qualified, performing cutter compensation on the processed workpiece which is unqualified and the measurement data of which does not exceed the maximum compensation range, generating a cutter compensation log, and feeding back an F signal whether the processed workpiece is qualified or not to a production line controller;

and after receiving the F signal fed back by the numerical control equipment, sending a G signal clearing message to the numerical control equipment, so that after receiving the G signal clearing message, the numerical control equipment sends the F signal clearing message to the production line controller.

4. The automatic tool compensating method of claim 3, wherein the set parameters include standard workpiece data of the measuring position, an allowable error range of the processed workpiece, whether the compensating function is enabled at the measuring position, a maximum compensation range of the measuring instrument, a compensating tool number corresponding to the measuring position, and a processing axis number corresponding to the measuring position.

5. The automatic compensation method for the numerical control machine tool cutter according to claim 3, wherein the tool compensation calculation is performed on the measured data according to the set parameters to judge whether the processed workpiece is qualified, and specifically comprises the following steps:

carrying out tool compensation calculation by utilizing a step function;

if the measured data of the machined workpiece does not exceed the set allowable error, judging that the machined workpiece is qualified;

and if the measured data of the machined workpiece exceeds the set allowable error, judging that the machined workpiece is unqualified.

6. The automatic compensation method for the cutting tool of the numerical control machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the reading of the measurement data of the measuring instrument specifically comprises:

communicating with a measuring instrument and sending a measuring data reading command to the measuring instrument so that the measuring instrument returns a measuring data packet to the production line controller; wherein the measurement data packet format comprises: command format and measurement values.

7. The automatic tool compensating method of claim 6, wherein the command format comprises:

m0 command, reading the measured values of all connected sensor amplifiers;

an MS command for reading the measured values and the output states of all the connected sensor amplifiers;

an SR command specifying a connected sensor amplifier to read data;

an SW command specifying the connected sensor amplifier, writing data;

the FR command, specifying the connected sensor amplifier, reads the decimal point location.

8. The utility model provides a digit control machine tool cutter automatic compensation device, is applied to and produces line controller, its characterized in that, the device includes:

the reading module is used for reading the measurement data of the measuring instrument when the processing workpiece reaches the measurement position of the measuring instrument for measurement; wherein the measuring instrument is a laser sensor;

and the automatic tool compensation module is used for sending the measurement data to each numerical control device and simultaneously carrying out two-party communication with each numerical control device so as to finish the automatic tool compensation operation.

9. A production line controller comprising a processor and a memory for storing a program executable by the processor, wherein the processor implements the method for automatically compensating the tool of a numerical control machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 7 when executing the program stored in the memory.

10. A storage medium storing a program, wherein the program, when executed by a processor, implements the automatic tool compensating method of a numerical control machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

Technical Field

The invention relates to an automatic compensation method and device for a numerical control machine tool cutter, a production line controller and a storage medium, and belongs to the technical field of numerical control machines.

Background

With the development of modern technologies, the requirement for precision and speed of a Numerical Control device (CNC) is higher and higher. Tool compensation by measuring the machined workpiece is an effective and common method for numerical control equipment to achieve higher speed, higher accuracy and more automated machining. However, the existing numerical control machine tool cannot visually reflect the processing data of the processed workpiece in the processing process, and an operator can only manually modify the tool compensation value of the numerical control equipment by manually measuring the size of the processed workpiece through calculation.

Therefore, the machining precision and the machining efficiency of the numerical control equipment are greatly influenced by artificial subjective factors through traditional cutter compensation, and the problems of inconvenience in use, high rejection rate, poor product consistency, increase in machining cost and the like exist.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention provides an automatic compensation method and apparatus for a tool of a numerically controlled machine tool, a production line controller, and a storage medium, wherein measurement data of a measuring instrument is read, the measurement data is sent to each numerical control device, and the automatic compensation operation for the tool is completed by performing two-way communication with each numerical control device, so that automatic correction tool compensation during a workpiece processing process is achieved, and the processing process is more automated, efficient, and unmanned.

The invention aims to provide an automatic compensation method for a numerical control machine tool.

The invention provides an automatic compensation device for a numerical control machine tool.

A third object of the present invention is to provide a production line controller.

It is a fourth object of the present invention to provide a storage medium.

The first purpose of the invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical scheme:

an automatic compensation method for a numerical control machine tool cutter is applied to a production line controller, and comprises the following steps:

Further, the two-way communication with each numerical control device is performed to complete the automatic tool compensation operation, and the method specifically includes:

and the G signal and the F signal are communicated with each numerical control device to finish the automatic compensation operation of the cutter.

Further, the two-way communication is performed with each numerical control device through the G signal and the F signal to complete the automatic tool compensation operation, which specifically includes:

Further, the set parameters include standard workpiece data of the measuring position, an allowable error range of the processed workpiece, whether the compensation function is started at the measuring position, a maximum compensation range of the measuring instrument, a compensation tool number corresponding to the measuring position, and a processing shaft number corresponding to the measuring position.

Further, the tool compensation calculation is performed on the measurement data according to the set parameters, and whether the processed workpiece is qualified is judged, specifically including:

carrying out tool compensation calculation by utilizing a step function;

if the measured data of the machined workpiece does not exceed the set allowable error, judging that the machined workpiece is qualified;

and if the measured data of the machined workpiece exceeds the set allowable error, judging that the machined workpiece is unqualified.

Further, the reading of the measurement data of the measurement instrument specifically includes:

Further, the command format includes:

m0 command, reading the measured values of all connected sensor amplifiers;

an MS command for reading the measured values and the output states of all the connected sensor amplifiers;

an SR command specifying a connected sensor amplifier to read data;

the FR command, specifying the connected sensor amplifier, reads the decimal point location.

The second purpose of the invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a digit control machine tool cutter automatic compensation device, is applied to and produces line controller, the device includes:

The third purpose of the invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical scheme:

a production line controller comprises a processor and a memory for storing an executable program of the processor, and when the processor executes the program stored in the memory, the automatic compensation method for the numerical control machine tool cutter is realized.

The fourth purpose of the invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical scheme:

a storage medium stores a program, and the program is executed by a processor to realize the automatic compensation method of the numerical control machine tool cutter.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the invention utilizes the measuring instrument to measure the data of the processed workpiece, is more accurate and quicker than manual measurement, is convenient to operate, sends the measured data to each numerical control device by reading the measured data of the measuring instrument, and simultaneously carries out two-way communication with each numerical control device to finish the automatic compensation operation of the cutter, thereby realizing the automatic correction of the cutter compensation in the process of processing the workpiece, leading the processing process to have more automation, high efficiency and no humanization, supporting one measuring instrument to correspond to a plurality of numerical control devices, and being matched with the process beat of a production line controller, and effectively improving the whole processing efficiency and the yield.

2. The invention can visually and conveniently reflect the data of the workpieces such as defective finished products and the like in the processing process of the numerical control machine on the display screen of the numerical control equipment, simultaneously provides possibility for later debugging, tracking and optimizing work by recording the tool compensation log, and can also judge whether the processing tool of the numerical control machine is abnormal, so that the numerical control equipment is more intelligent.

3. The numerical control equipment can analyze a compensation linear table of a previous cutter compensation log file, if a large compensation value jump is suddenly generated at a certain processing stage, the cutter can be excessively worn or broken and needs to be subjected to intervention processing in time, the processing mode can be generally divided into manual intervention and automatic cutter changing, a production line controller can also realize the function, the function is mainly determined according to a design party of a production line, and the judgment is generally carried out by the numerical control equipment for cutter compensation.

4. The invention has universality and generalizability, the communication protocol adopts MODBUS standard industrial communication protocol and measurement industry standard communication protocol, and most of production line controllers, numerical control equipment and measuring instruments support the protocols.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a structure of an automatic tool compensation system for a numerically controlled machine tool according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an automatic compensation system of a numerical control machine tool according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the automatic tool compensation operation performed by the production line controller and a numerical control device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a method for automatically compensating a tool of a numerical control machine tool according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic graph of the tool compensation calculation according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a block diagram showing the structure of an automatic compensation apparatus for a cutting tool of a numerical control machine tool according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a block diagram of a production line controller according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer and more complete, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1:

the rapid development of the current sensor and network technology provides necessary preconditions and conditions for measuring real-time data, dynamically displaying and analyzing workpieces, and the development of the network technology also provides convenience for data transmission of numerical control equipment. The processing process and state of the numerical control machine tool can be analyzed rapidly and accurately by utilizing the precise measurement capability of the sensor. Therefore, the automatic tool compensation function of the numerical control machine based on the measuring instrument can visually display the processing data of the workpiece, realize the real-time adjustment of the tool compensation value of the numerical control equipment and promote the numerical control machine to process more efficiently, more precisely and more intelligently.

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the present embodiment provides an automatic compensation System for a numerical control machine tool, which is implemented based on a Micro-Controller Operating System (Micro-Controller Operating System), and includes a measuring instrument 101, a production line Controller 102, a network server 103, and a plurality of numerical control devices 104, where the measuring instrument 101 is connected to the production line Controller 102, the production line Controller 102 and the plurality of numerical control devices 104 are respectively connected to the network server 103, and the plurality of numerical control devices 104 form a group of numerical control device groups.

The measuring instrument 101 is a laser sensor and is used for measuring a machined workpiece in real time, and the measuring instrument 101 of the embodiment mainly measures the diameters of different parts of a motor bearing.

The production line Controller 102 is a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) and has a data transfer function, and since the measuring instrument 101 can only be connected to one device, in the optimization control of the production line, the production line Controller 102 is used as a main control device to control the process rhythm of the whole production line, the production line Controller 102 is used for reading the measurement data of the measuring instrument 101 and forwarding the measurement data to each numerical control device 104, and simultaneously, the production line Controller communicates with each numerical control device 104 to complete the automatic tool compensation operation, and the principle of the automatic tool compensation operation of the production line Controller and one numerical control device is shown in fig. 3.

The numerical control device 104 develops an automatic tool compensation function specifically for the production line, and adds the analysis and processing of a communication protocol of the standard measurement industry, the measurement instrument 101 may be independently connected directly for compensation and may be able to establish a connection with the client 105 which, after the connection is established, the measurement data of the processed workpiece, the standard workpiece data of the measurement position, the allowable error range of the processed workpiece, whether the compensation function is started at the measurement position, the maximum compensation range of the measuring instrument, the compensation cutter number corresponding to the measurement position and the processing shaft number corresponding to the measurement position can be checked on the display screen interface of the numerical control equipment 104, so that the numerical control equipment 104 can acquire the measurement data of the processed workpiece on the display screen interface, automatically compensate the cutter according to the set parameters, finally formulate the better cutter offset, and enable the numerical control machine to have higher speed and higher precision; the client 105 may be a device such as a mobile phone and a tablet personal computer, supports bluetooth, wifi, and the like, but is not directly connected to the numerical control device 104, and in consideration of safety and reliability, transfers the data through a network server 103, and sets and modifies parameters, programs, and corresponding process data of the production line controller 102 and the numerical control device 104 through the network server 103; the compensation tool number corresponding to the measurement position refers to a tool compensation number corresponding to the numerical control equipment machining process, that is, the measurement position is machined by one tool set by the numerical control equipment, and generally, one tool corresponds to one tool compensation number.

As shown in fig. 4, this embodiment provides an automatic compensation method for a numerical control machine tool, which is mainly implemented by the production line controller, and includes the following steps:

s401, when the processed workpiece reaches the measuring position of the measuring instrument for measurement, reading the measuring data of the measuring instrument.

Starting up a measuring instrument, a production line controller and a numerical control equipment group to be processed, establishing a network communication line, initializing a network server, binding a port and an IP, establishing connection, starting to work after the production line controller and the measuring instrument are successfully connected, communicating with the measuring instrument when a processed workpiece reaches a measuring position of the measuring instrument for measurement, sending a measuring data reading command to the measuring instrument, starting measuring work by the measuring instrument, calculating a measured value according to a working mode, and returning a measuring data packet to the production line controller through a TCP/IP protocol; the measurement data packet format comprises: command format and measurement values; the working modes are two, one is fixed-point measurement, and one sensor measures one position datum, which is generally used for width or thickness; the other is diameter measurement, two sensors respectively approach to measurement from two sides, and the production line of the embodiment adopts a second working mode.

Further, the command formats include the following:

1) m0 commands reading of the measurements of all connected sensor amplifiers.

2) MS commands, reads the measured values and output status of all connected sensor amplifiers.

3) SR command, specifying the connected sensor amplifier, reads data.

4) The SW command designates the connected sensor amplifier, and writes data.

5) The FR command, specifying the connected sensor amplifier, reads the decimal point location.

The above commands are all sensor commands, but the SW command is generally used for initial setting at the beginning, and sets the zero point of the measuring instrument, and data is not generally written in the operation.

The measured values are fixed to "+ or-" and "9-character measured values", and the measured data may have a negative value according to the setting of the zero point.

Taking the M0 command as an example, the packet format: m0+9 characters.

S402, sending the measured data to each numerical control device, and simultaneously carrying out two-way communication with each numerical control device to finish automatic tool compensation operation.

The production line controller sends the measurement data packet to each numerical control device, each numerical control device analyzes the measurement data packet to obtain the measurement data of the processed workpiece, and the analyzed measurement data information is displayed on a display screen interface.

Meanwhile, the product controller carries out both-side communication with each numerical control device through G signals and F signals so as to finish automatic compensation operation of the cutter, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:

s4021, notifying each numerical control device by using a specific G signal, so that the numerical control device performs tool compensation calculation on the measured data according to set parameters after receiving the G signal, judging whether the machined workpiece is qualified, performing tool compensation on the machined workpiece which is unqualified and has the measured data not exceeding the maximum compensation range, generating a tool compensation log, and feeding back an F signal indicating whether the machined workpiece is qualified to a production line controller to indicate that the tool compensation calculation is completed.

The set parameters can be performed on an interface of the digital control equipment, and the specific parameter contents which can be set are as follows:

1) setting data: and measuring standard workpiece data of the position.

2) Setting an error: and (4) within the allowable error range of the processed workpiece, not compensating within the allowable error range.

3) And (3) compensation state: measuring whether the position activates the compensation function.

4) Compensation range: maximum compensation range of the measuring instrument.

5) The number of the compensation cutter is as follows: and measuring the number of the compensation tool corresponding to the position.

6) The shaft number is: and measuring the number of the processing shaft corresponding to the position.

And (3) performing tool compensation calculation on the measurement data according to the set parameters, and judging whether the processed workpiece is qualified, as shown in fig. 5, specifically comprising:

a. and (3) performing tool compensation calculation by using a step function as follows:

where x is the measured data of the machined workpiece, e1 is the set tolerance (tolerance), and e2 is the maximum compensation value.

b. If the measured data of the machined workpiece does not exceed the set allowable error, judging that the machined workpiece is qualified; if the measured data of the machined workpieces exceed the set allowable error, the machined workpieces are judged to be unqualified, meanwhile, the later machined workpieces belong to unqualified products in consideration of the measurement hysteresis, and the specific quantity needs to be determined according to the machining time of each machined workpiece.

After the processed workpiece is judged to be unqualified, if the measured data does not exceed the maximum compensation value, the measured data belongs to the adjustment range of numerical control equipment, the measured data can be corrected (subjected to cutter compensation) automatically, and the workpiece is qualified after correction; manual intervention is not needed in the whole correction process, and unqualified products can be automatically removed; if the measured data exceeds the set maximum compensation value, the numerical control equipment cannot be corrected, an alarm is automatically generated, the numerical control equipment is shut down, and manual intervention is performed to overhaul the production line.

In this embodiment, G390 signals and F390 signals of defined types are adopted as signals interacting with each other, and these G signals and F signals are mainly used to expand new functions.

The numerical control equipment can generate a tool compensation log in the tool compensation process, the tool compensation log file records the results of each measurement and automatic tool compensation, and the recorded results are exported to a mobile memory (such as a U disk, a mobile hard disk and the like) through a self-contained USB interface, so that further data processing support is provided for related software.

The production line controller can know whether the current machined workpiece is qualified or not according to the F signal fed back by the numerical control equipment, and counts the yield and the yield.

S4022, after receiving the F signal fed back by the numerical control equipment, sending a G signal clearing message to the numerical control equipment, so that after receiving the G signal clearing message, the numerical control equipment sends an F signal clearing message to the production line controller, and the tool compensation operation is successfully completed.

In the operation process, the data device of the embodiment can prompt and alarm the abnormality and the like, and a user can simply and intuitively complete the function of automatic tool compensation.

The abnormity mainly refers to system alarm, when the measured data exceeds the maximum compensation range, the system can basically determine that the system cutter or other equipment has faults, such as cutter breakage, cutter collision, raw material out-of-specification and the like, and the system gives an alarm to inform the whole production line to stop so as to avoid waste caused by continuous processing of unqualified products and wait for maintenance.

It should be noted that although the method operations of the above-described embodiments are depicted in the drawings in a particular order, this does not require or imply that these operations must be performed in this particular order, or that all of the illustrated operations must be performed, to achieve desirable results. Rather, the depicted steps may change the order of execution. Additionally or alternatively, certain steps may be omitted, multiple steps combined into one step execution, and/or one step broken down into multiple step executions.

Example 2:

as shown in fig. 5, the present embodiment provides an automatic compensation device for a tool of a numerical control machine tool, which is applied to a production line controller, and includes a reading module 501 and an automatic compensation module 502, where the specific functions of each module are as follows:

a reading module 501, configured to read measurement data of a measuring instrument when a machined workpiece reaches a measurement position of the measuring instrument for measurement; wherein the measuring instrument is a laser sensor.

And the tool automatic compensation module 502 is used for sending the measurement data to each numerical control device and simultaneously carrying out two-way communication with each numerical control device so as to finish the tool automatic compensation operation.

The specific implementation of each module in this embodiment may refer to embodiment 1, which is not described herein any more; it should be noted that the system provided in this embodiment is only illustrated by the division of the functional modules, and in practical applications, the functions may be distributed by different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

Example 3:

as shown in fig. 6, the present embodiment provides a production line controller, which includes a processor 601, a memory 602 and a network interface 603, wherein the processor 601 is used for providing calculation and control capability, the memory 602 stores computer programs, and when the processor 601 executes the computer programs stored in the memory 602, the method for automatically compensating a tool of a numerically controlled machine tool according to the foregoing embodiment 1 is implemented as follows:

Further, the method is in two-party communication with each numerical control device to complete automatic tool compensation operation, and specifically comprises the following steps:

and the G signal and the F signal are communicated with each numerical control device to finish the automatic compensation operation of the cutter.

Further, two-way communication is carried out with each numerical control device through G signal and F signal to accomplish the automatic compensation operation of cutter, specifically include:

Further, the tool compensation calculation is performed on the measurement data according to the set parameters, and whether the processed workpiece is qualified is judged, specifically including:

carrying out tool compensation calculation by utilizing a step function;

if the measured data of the machined workpiece does not exceed the set allowable error, judging that the machined workpiece is qualified;

and if the measured data of the machined workpiece exceeds the set allowable error, judging that the machined workpiece is unqualified.

Further, the reading of the measurement data of the measurement instrument specifically includes:

and communicating with the measuring instrument and sending a measuring data reading command to the measuring instrument so that the measuring instrument returns a measuring data packet to the production line controller.

Example 4:

the present embodiment provides a storage medium, which is a computer-readable storage medium, and stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer program implements the automatic compensation method for the numerical control machine tool according to embodiment 1, as follows: