阅读说明：本技术 一种肩关节脱位修复系统 (Shoulder joint dislocation repair system ) 是由 何耀华 余伟林 胡庆祥 陈道运 于 2021-06-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种肩关节脱位修复系统,包括：用于从肩关节前侧递送移植物骨块的工作通道装置、用于由后向前建立关节盂骨隧道的导向装置以及用于将移植骨块固定在关节盂前方的固定装置。本发明的肩关节脱位修复系统简化了手术工具的数量,优化了手术工具的结构设计,从而优化手术流程,提高手术效率；肩关节脱位修复系统能够采用后侧入路建立关节盂骨髓的手术方式,避开肩关节前侧的动脉、静脉、神经系统、淋巴系统的密集区域,使得创口小,对人体的损伤小,对医生的要求较低,手术风险小,易于推广；采用缝线钢板加压固定的方式可避免螺钉固定的相关并发症；取骨部位改为髂骨,不改变人体原来的生理学构造,不会产生未知的风险。(The invention relates to a shoulder joint dislocation repair system, which comprises: a working channel means for delivering a graft bone block from the anterior side of the shoulder joint, a guide means for establishing a glenoid bone tunnel from the posterior to the anterior, and a fixation means for fixing the graft bone block to the anterior of the glenoid. The shoulder joint dislocation repair system simplifies the number of surgical tools and optimizes the structural design of the surgical tools, thereby optimizing the surgical process and improving the surgical efficiency; the shoulder joint dislocation repair system can adopt a posterior approach to establish a glenoid bone marrow operation mode, and avoids the dense areas of arteries, veins, nervous systems and lymphatic systems on the anterior side of the shoulder joint, so that the wound is small, the injury to the human body is small, the requirement on doctors is low, the operation risk is small, and the popularization is easy; the suture steel plate compression fixation mode is adopted, so that related complications of screw fixation can be avoided; the bone-taking part is changed into the ilium, the original physiological structure of the human body is not changed, and unknown risks are not generated.)

1. A shoulder dislocation repair system, comprising: a working channel device (1) for delivering a graft bone block from the anterior side of a shoulder joint, a guide device (2) for establishing a glenoid bone tunnel from the posterior to the anterior, and a fixation device (3) for fixing the graft bone block in front of the glenoid.

2. The shoulder dislocation repair system according to claim 1, wherein the working channel device (1) comprises: a working channel (101) with a cavity inside and an expansion assembly which passes through the working channel (101) and is detachably connected with the working channel (101);

an outer edge (109) is arranged at the near end of the working channel (101), and a limiting groove (102) is formed in the outer edge (109); the outer wall of the near end of the working channel (101) is provided with an external thread (104); an operation window (103) is arranged at the far end of the working channel (101);

the expansion assembly includes: the device comprises a guide rod (105), an expansion head (106) fixedly connected with the far end of the guide rod (105) and an expansion handle sleeved on the outer wall of the near end of the guide rod (105); the guide rod (105) and the expansion head (106) are provided with a first guide pin channel (108) along the axial direction; the expansion head (106) comprises: the guide rod (105) is coaxial with the cylindrical main body, and the tapered round tables are arranged at two ends of the cylindrical main body; the outer diameter of the cylindrical body is matched with the inner diameter of the working channel (101); the far end of the expansion handle is provided with a limiting block (107) matched with the limiting groove (102);

the expansion assembly penetrates through the working channel (101), the limiting block (107) is clamped into the limiting groove (102), and the tapered circular truncated cone at the far end of the expansion head (106) extends out of the far end of the working channel (101).

3. The shoulder dislocation repair system according to claim 2, wherein the operating window (103) is opened along the axial direction and the radial direction of the working channel (101), the length of the operating window (103) is 20% -25% of the length of the working channel (101), and the edge corners of the operating window (103) are all rounded corners;

the external thread (104) is selected from a rectangular thread, a trapezoidal thread or a sawtooth thread, and the surface is smooth.

4. The shoulder dislocation repair system according to claim 1, wherein the guide means (2) comprises: a positioning frame and a positioning rod (201);

the positioning frame comprises a guide rod (202) and a guide handle arranged on the lower surface of the near end of the guide rod (202); a guide block (204) is arranged at the near end of the upper surface of the guide rod (202), and a guide pin release port (213) with the width matched with the outer diameter of the positioning guide pin (4) is formed in the upper end of the guide block (204); the far end of the upper surface of the guide rod (202) is provided with a fixing tip (203), and the fixing tip (203) faces to the near end; an accommodating cavity (208) is vertically formed at the proximal end of the guide rod (202); the guide block (204) is provided with a through positioning channel (205) along the axis direction, and the positioning channel (205) is communicated with the accommodating cavity (208); a limiting component is arranged in the accommodating cavity (208);

the far end of the positioning rod (201) is provided with a positioning tip (206); the lower surface of the positioning rod (201) is provided with one-way teeth (207); a second guide pin channel (212) is formed in the positioning rod (201) along the axis direction;

the positioning rod (201) penetrates through the positioning channel (205) and is matched with the fixing tip (203) to be fixed on the bone of the shoulder joint; the upper end of the limiting component extends out of the accommodating cavity (208) and is clamped into two adjacent teeth of the one-way teeth (207).

5. The shoulder dislocation repair system according to claim 4, wherein the accommodating cavity (208) is cylindrical, and the upper end of the accommodating cavity (208) is closed;

the spacing subassembly includes: the limiting jackscrew (211) is fixedly connected with the lower end face of the accommodating cavity (208), the limiting spring (210) is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the limiting jackscrew (211), and the limiting tooth (209) is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the limiting spring (210);

the limit tooth (209) comprises: the tooth-shaped clamp comprises a cylindrical main body, a clamping edge (214) arranged at the lower end of the main body, teeth arranged at the upper end of the main body and a mounting hole (215) formed in the lower surface of the main body; the outer diameter of the main body is matched with the inner diameter of the closing-in; the outer diameter of the clamping edge (214) is larger than the inner diameter of the closing-in opening, but smaller than the inner diameter of the accommodating cavity (208); the upper end surface of the limiting spring (210) is fixedly connected with the upper end surface of the mounting hole (215);

the upper end of the limiting tooth (209) extends out of the accommodating cavity (208) and is clamped into two adjacent teeth of the one-way tooth (207).

6. The shoulder dislocation repair system according to claim 1, wherein the fixation device (3) comprises: the fixing device comprises a first fixing plate (301), a second fixing plate (302), a locking wire (303) for connecting the first fixing plate (301) and the second fixing plate (302), and a pulling wire (304) for pulling the locking wire (303) to move;

the first fixing plate (301) includes: the wire drawing plate comprises a first plate body, a pair of first wire drawing holes (305) formed in the first plate body and a first wire casing (310) used for connecting the two first wire drawing holes (305), wherein transition round corners are arranged at the ends of the first wire drawing holes (305) and the first wire casing (310);

the second fixing plate (302) includes: the wire drawing plate comprises a second plate body and a pair of second wire drawing holes (306) formed in the second plate body; a transition fillet is arranged at the end part of the second threading hole (306), and a notch is arranged on the second threading hole (306) close to the edge of the second plate body so as to be communicated with the outside;

drawing the end of the locking wire (303), the relative position of the first fixing plate (301) and the second fixing plate (302) being adjusted accordingly;

the first fixing plate (301) and the second fixing plate (302) are made of medical titanium alloy materials.

7. The shoulder dislocation repair system according to claim 6, wherein one end of the locking thread (303) is sequentially passed through the first threading hole (305) on one side and the first threading hole (305) on the other side, and the above steps are repeated again to form a coil (307) and a line segment (308); then, the part of the coil (307) far away from the first fixing plate (301) is installed into the second threading hole (306) from the notch;

the line segment (308) is partially overlapped with the coil (307), the line segment (308) wraps the overlapped section of the coil (307) to form an arc-shaped woven surface (309), and an inner cavity of the woven surface (309) is in interference fit with the outer diameter of the locking wire (303).

8. The shoulder joint dislocation repair system according to claim 6, wherein the second plate body is further provided with a pair of third threading holes (312) and a second line groove (313) for connecting the two third threading holes (312), and the ends of the third threading holes (312) and the second line groove (313) are provided with transition fillets.

9. The shoulder joint dislocation repair system according to claim 8, wherein one end of the locking thread (303) is sequentially passed through the first threading hole (305) on one side, the second threading hole (306) on the same side, the first threading hole (305) on the other side and the second threading hole (306) on the side, and the above steps are repeated once to form a coil (307) and a line segment (308); the initial distance between the first fixing plate (301) and the second fixing plate (302) is 200-250 mm;

the line segment (308) is partially overlapped with the coil (307), the line segment (308) wraps the overlapped section of the coil (307) to form an arc-shaped woven surface (309), and an inner cavity of the woven surface (309) is in interference fit with the outer diameter of the locking wire (303);

the traction line (304) passes through the second threading hole (306) and then is folded in half.

10. The shoulder dislocation repair system according to claim 7 or 9, wherein the locking wire (303) and the traction wire (304) are of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene;

the locking wire (303) is a braided wire, and a line pipe (311) is sleeved on the part, penetrating through the second threading hole (306), of the locking wire (303);

the end of the wire segment (308) is drawn, the coil (307) is contracted, and the relative position of the first fixing plate (301) and the second fixing plate (302) is adjusted accordingly.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of shoulder joint repair, in particular to a shoulder joint dislocation repair system.

Background

The shoulder joint is the joint with the largest mobility in the joints of the whole body of the human body, and the dislocation accounts for more than 40 percent of the dislocation of the joints of the whole body, wherein the anterior dislocation accounts for the most part. As the frequency of anterior dislocation of the shoulder joint increases, injury to the anterior inferior glenoid lip of the shoulder pelvis is often accompanied by varying degrees of bone defects. At present, the main treatment mode for treating the recurrent shoulder joint dislocation is front approach, the coracoid part of the scapula is cut out and then transplanted to the bone defect part and then fixed by screws, so as to achieve the purposes of repairing the bone defect and treating the dislocation.

The conventional glenoid shoulder bone grafting device combination adopts a treatment mode of front side approach, and the defects are obvious. For example: (1) the front side of the shoulder joint is a dense area of an artery, a vein, a nervous system and a lymphatic system, and the operation risk on the front side is higher; the coracoid process is connected with the coracoid ligament, the intercepted coracoid process is not separated from the coracoid ligament, the original physiological structure of the human body is changed after transplantation, and the risk is unknown; the intercepted coracoid process can be used for transplantation only after being ground and cut, and the coracoid ligament and the human body are easily damaged in the process; the front side entrance wound is large, and the injury to the human body is large; the front side access has higher requirements on the operation level and proficiency of the operator, and the operation threshold is higher; (2) the repairing device comprises a plurality of tools and is difficult to operate, the visual field which can be observed by the working channel device in the using process is small and unclear, human tissues such as nerves, arteries, veins and the like are easy to damage in the channel expanding process, a working channel cylinder needs specific equipment to fix after the working channel is expanded, otherwise, the working channel cylinder is easy to displace; the process resistance of all parts of the working channel device for simultaneous propulsion is large, and certain difficulty exists in propulsion; (3) the guiding tool in the repairing device is large in structural design and large in occupied space, the operation is inconvenient and the fixing effect is poor in the process of fixing the guiding tool on the shoulder joint skeleton, the operation steps are more in the process of fixing the guider on the shoulder joint skeleton, the operation efficiency is reduced, the guiding needle needs to be drawn out on the original path after penetrating, and the operation speed is slow due to the limitation of the drawing space; (4) the coracoid bone is fixed on the worn shoulder joint through the screws, the operation difficulty is high, the operation process is complex, and postoperative resetting failure, shoulder joint pain and other complications easily exist.

Therefore, a shoulder dislocation repair system is needed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a shoulder joint dislocation repair system.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

there is provided a shoulder dislocation repair system comprising: a working channel means for delivering a graft bone block from the anterior side of the shoulder joint, a guide means for establishing a glenoid bone tunnel from the posterior to the anterior, and a fixation means for fixing the graft bone block to the anterior of the glenoid.

Preferably, the working channel means comprises: the expansion component penetrates through the working channel and is detachably connected with the working channel;

the near end of the working channel is provided with an outer edge, and the outer edge is provided with a limiting groove; the outer wall of the near end of the working channel is provided with external threads; an operation window is arranged at the far end of the working channel;

the expansion assembly includes: the expansion handle is sleeved on the outer wall of the near end of the guide rod; the guide rod and the expansion head are provided with a first guide pin channel along the axis direction; the expansion head comprises: the guide rod is arranged on the cylindrical main body; the outer diameter of the cylindrical main body is matched with the inner diameter of the working channel; the far end of the expansion handle is provided with a limiting block matched with the limiting groove;

the expansion assembly penetrates through the working channel, the limiting block is clamped into the limiting groove, and the tapered round table at the far end of the expansion head extends out of the far end of the working channel.

Furthermore, the operation window is arranged along the axial direction and the radial direction of the working channel, the length of the operation window is 20% -25% of the length of the working channel, and the edge corners of the operation window are smooth corners.

Further, the external thread is selected from a rectangular thread, a trapezoidal thread or a saw-tooth thread, and the surface is smooth.

Preferably, the guide means comprises: a positioning frame and a positioning rod;

the positioning frame comprises a guide rod and a guide handle arranged on the lower surface of the near end of the guide rod; the near end of the upper surface of the guide rod is provided with a guide block, and the upper end of the guide block is provided with a guide pin release port with the width matched with the outer diameter of the positioning guide pin; the far end of the upper surface of the guide rod is provided with a fixed tip, and the fixed tip faces to the near end; the near end of the guide rod is vertically provided with an accommodating cavity; the guide block is provided with a through positioning channel along the axis direction, and the positioning channel is communicated with the accommodating cavity; a limiting component is arranged in the accommodating cavity;

the far end of the positioning rod is provided with a positioning tip; the lower surface of the positioning rod is provided with one-way teeth; the positioning rod is provided with a second guide pin channel along the axis direction;

the positioning rod penetrates through the positioning channel and is matched with the fixing tip to be fixed on a bone of a shoulder joint; the upper end of the limiting component extends out of the accommodating cavity and is clamped into two adjacent teeth of the unidirectional teeth.

Furthermore, the containing cavity is cylindrical, and the upper end of the containing cavity is closed.

Further, spacing subassembly includes: the limiting jackscrew is fixedly connected with the lower end face of the accommodating cavity, the limiting spring is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the limiting jackscrew, and the limiting teeth are fixedly connected with the upper surface of the limiting spring;

the spacing tooth includes: the tooth-shaped clamp comprises a cylindrical main body, a clamping edge arranged at the lower end of the main body, teeth arranged at the upper end of the main body and a mounting hole formed in the lower surface of the main body; the outer diameter of the main body is matched with the inner diameter of the closing-in; the outer diameter of the clamping edge is larger than the inner diameter of the closing-in port but smaller than the inner diameter of the accommodating cavity; the upper end face of the limiting spring is fixedly connected with the upper end face of the mounting hole;

the upper ends of the limiting teeth extend out of the accommodating cavity and are clamped into two adjacent teeth of the unidirectional teeth.

Preferably, the fixing means comprises: the locking device comprises a first fixing plate, a second fixing plate, a locking wire and a traction wire, wherein the locking wire is used for connecting the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate, and the traction wire is used for drawing the locking wire to move;

the first fixing plate includes: the wire drawing plate comprises a first plate body, a pair of first wire threading holes formed in the first plate body and a first wire groove used for connecting the two first wire threading holes, wherein transition fillets are arranged at the ends of the first wire threading holes and the first wire groove (namely, the corners of the holes are blunt and round, so that cutting lines can be prevented, and the same is true below);

the second fixing plate includes: the wire drawing plate comprises a second plate body and a pair of second wire drawing holes formed in the second plate body; the end part of the second threading hole is provided with a transition fillet, and the side, close to the edge of the second plate body, of the second threading hole is provided with a notch so as to be communicated with the outside;

the end part of the locking line is drawn, and the relative position of the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate is adjusted accordingly.

Further, the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate are made of medical titanium alloy materials.

Further, one end of the locking line sequentially passes through the first threading hole on one side and the first threading hole on the other side, and the steps are repeated again to form a coil and a line segment; then, the part of the coil, which is far away from the first fixing plate, is installed into the second threading hole from the notch;

the wire section is partially overlapped with the coil, the overlapped section of the coil is wrapped by the wire section to form an arc-shaped weaving surface, and an inner cavity of the weaving surface is in interference fit with the outer diameter of the locking wire.

Furthermore, a pair of third threading holes and a second wire groove used for connecting the third threading holes are further formed in the second plate body, and transition fillets are arranged at the end portions of the third threading holes and the second wire groove.

Further, one end of the locking line sequentially passes through the first threading hole on one side, the second threading hole on the same side, the first threading hole on the other side and the second threading hole on the side, and the steps are repeated once to form a coil and a line segment; the initial distance between the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate is 200-250 mm;

the wire section is partially overlapped with the coil, the overlapped section of the coil is wrapped by the wire section to form an arc-shaped weaving surface, and an inner cavity of the weaving surface is in interference fit with the outer diameter of the locking wire;

the traction line passes through the second threading hole and then is folded in half.

Furthermore, the locking wire and the traction wire are made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene;

furthermore, the locking wire is a braided wire, and a line pipe is sleeved on the part of the locking wire penetrating through the second threading hole;

further, the end of the wire section is pulled, the coil is contracted, and the relative position of the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate is adjusted accordingly.

By adopting the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:

the shoulder joint dislocation repair system simplifies the number of surgical tools and optimizes the structural design of the surgical tools, thereby optimizing the surgical process and improving the surgical efficiency; the shoulder joint dislocation repair system can adopt a posterior approach to establish a glenoid bone marrow operation mode, and avoids the dense areas of arteries, veins, nervous systems and lymphatic systems on the anterior side of the shoulder joint, so that the wound is small, the injury to the human body is small, the requirement on doctors is low, the operation risk is small, and the popularization is easy; the suture steel plate compression fixation mode is adopted, so that related complications of screw fixation can be avoided; the bone-taking part is changed into the ilium, the original physiological structure of the human body is not changed, and unknown risks are not generated.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a working channel apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a working channel according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure taken along line M-M' in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the stent assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the guiding device of the present invention (wherein, a position B is provided with a position-limiting component);

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the engagement of the one-way teeth with the position limiting assembly according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is an exploded view of the stop assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the positioning frame of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a side view of the spacer of the present invention (the guide handle is not shown);

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a positioning rod of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the fixing device of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the locking wire of the present invention engaged with the first fixing plate;

FIG. 13 is an enlarged schematic view at P of FIG. 12;

FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of a first fixing plate according to the present invention;

fig. 15 is a schematic structural view of a second fixing plate in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 16 is a schematic structural view of a second fixing plate in embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIGS. 17-23 are schematic flow diagrams illustrating the operation of the shoulder dislocation repair system of the present invention;

the device comprises a working channel device 1, a working channel 101, a limiting groove 102, an operation window 103, external threads 104, a guide rod 105, an expansion head 106, a limiting block 107, a first guide pin channel 108, an outer edge 109, a guide device 2, a positioning rod 201, a guide rod 202, a fixing tip 203, a guide block 204, a positioning channel 205, a positioning tip 206, one-way teeth 207, an accommodating cavity 208, a limiting tooth 209, a limiting spring 210, a limiting jackscrew 211, a second guide pin channel 212, a guide pin release opening 213, a clamping edge 214, a mounting hole 215, a fixing device 3, a first fixing plate 301, a second fixing plate 302, a locking wire 303, a traction wire 304, a first wire through hole 305, a second wire through hole 306, a coil 307, a wire segment 308, a weaving surface 309, a first wire groove 310, a wire tube 311, a third wire through hole 312, a second wire groove 313, a positioning shoulder guide pin 4, a shoulder guide pin joint 5 and an ilium 6.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting.

Example 1

The present embodiment provides a shoulder dislocation repair system, including: a working channel device 1 for delivering a graft bone block from the anterior side of a shoulder joint, a guide device 2 for establishing a glenoid bone tunnel from the posterior to the anterior, and a fixation device 3 for fixing the graft bone block in the anterior glenoid;

as shown in fig. 2, the working channel device 1 includes: a working channel 101 with a cavity inside and an expansion component which passes through the working channel 101 and is detachably connected with the working channel 101;

as shown in fig. 3, a limit groove 102 is formed at a proximal end of the working channel 101, an operation window 103 is formed at a distal end, and corners of edges of the operation window 103 are smooth corners; the outer wall of the near end of the working channel 101 is provided with an external thread 104;

as shown in fig. 4, the expansion assembly comprises: the device comprises a guide rod 105, an expansion head 106 fixedly connected with the far end of the guide rod 105 and an expansion handle sleeved on the outer wall of the near end of the guide rod 105; the expansion head 106 includes: a cylindrical body coaxial with the guide rod 105 and tapered circular truncated cones arranged at two ends of the cylindrical body; the outer diameter of the cylindrical body is matched with the inner diameter of the working channel 101; the guide rod 105 and the expansion head 106 are provided with a first guide pin channel 108 along the axial direction; the far end of the expansion handle is provided with a limiting block 107 matched with the limiting groove 102;

as shown in fig. 1, the expansion assembly passes through the working channel 101, the stop block 107 is clamped into the stop groove 102, and the tapered circular truncated cone at the distal end of the expansion head 106 extends out from the distal end of the working channel 101;

the mounted working channel 1 is inserted into a minimally invasive wound, a handle is screwed, the working channel 101 and an expansion assembly synchronously push towards the inside of the wound to expand the wound, the push resistance is greatly reduced due to the tapered circular truncated cone, finally most of the working channel 101 is pushed into the wound, the end part of the wound extrudes the external thread 104 on the working channel 101, the position of the working channel 101 is fixed, the expansion assembly is withdrawn, and subsequent operation can be performed, the operation window 103 opened in one direction not only ensures clear visual field of the operation, but also can protect the other side to prevent human body tissues such as nerves, arteries, veins and the like from being damaged, and when the operation part needs to be changed, the working channel 101 only needs to be rotated to expose a target;

as shown in fig. 5, the guide device 2 includes: a positioning frame and a positioning rod 201;

as shown in fig. 8, the positioning frame comprises a guide rod 202 and a guide handle arranged on the lower surface of the proximal end of the guide rod 202; the proximal end of the upper surface of the guide rod 202 is provided with a guide block 204, the distal end is provided with a fixing tip 203, and the fixing tip 203 faces the proximal end; the proximal end of the guide rod 202 is vertically provided with an accommodating cavity 208; the guide block 204 is provided with a through positioning channel 205 along the axial direction, and the positioning channel 205 is communicated with the accommodating cavity 208; as shown in fig. 6, a limiting assembly is disposed in the accommodating cavity 208, and as shown in fig. 7, the limiting assembly includes: a limiting jackscrew 211 fixedly connected with the lower end surface of the accommodating cavity 208, a limiting spring 210 fixedly connected with the upper surface of the limiting jackscrew 211 and a limiting tooth 209 fixedly connected with the upper surface of the limiting spring 210;

as shown in fig. 10, the distal end of the positioning rod 201 is provided with a positioning tip 206; the lower surface of the positioning rod 201 is provided with a one-way tooth 207; the positioning rod 201 is provided with a second guide pin channel 212 along the axis direction;

as shown in fig. 5, the positioning rod 201 passes through the positioning channel 205 and is fixed on the bone of the shoulder joint in cooperation with the fixing tip 203; the upper end of the limiting tooth 209 extends out of the accommodating cavity 208 and is clamped into two adjacent teeth in the one-way teeth 207;

when the guiding device 2 is used, the guiding handle is held by hand, the positioning rod 201 is fixed on the back surface of a shoulder joint bone through the fixing point 203 at the right end of the guiding rod 202 firstly, then the positioning rod 201 is pushed towards the direction of the fixing point 203 through the positioning channel 205, the limiting tooth 209 moves downwards and rebounds under the pushing action of the one-way tooth 207 and the elastic force of the limiting spring 210 in the pushing process until the positioning rod 201 is stopped being pushed, the positioning point 206 of the positioning rod 201 is also fixed on the shoulder joint bone at the moment, the shoulder joint bone is locked through the matching of the fixing point 203 and the positioning point 206, the positioning rod 201 can only move in one direction and cannot retreat due to the fact that the one-way tooth 207 is arranged at the lower end of the positioning rod 201, the positioning rod 201 is clamped and positioned by the medical electric drill, the positioning guide pin 4 penetrates through the positioning guide pin 4 along the second guide pin channel 212, the shoulder joint bone is punched through the positioning guide pin 4, the positioning guide pin 201 rotates 180 degrees in the circumferential direction after punching is finished, make one-way tooth 207 not receive spacing tooth 209's restriction upward, light withdraw from locating lever 201, then withdraw from the location guide pin 4 can, convenient operation, and operating efficiency is high.

As shown in fig. 11, the fixing device 3 includes: a first fixing plate 301, a second fixing plate 302, a locking wire 303 for connecting the first fixing plate 301 and the second fixing plate 302, and a pulling wire 304 for pulling the locking wire 303 to move;

as shown in fig. 14, the first fixing plate 301 includes: the wire drawing plate comprises a first plate body and a pair of first wire drawing holes 305 formed in the first plate body;

as shown in fig. 15, the second fixing plate 302 includes: the wire drawing plate comprises a second plate body and a pair of second wire drawing holes 306 formed in the second plate body; a notch is formed in the second threading hole 306 close to the edge of the second plate body, so that the second threading hole is communicated with the outside;

as shown in fig. 12, one end of the locking thread 303 is sequentially threaded through the first threading hole 305 on one side and the first threading hole 305 on the other side, and the above steps are repeated again to form a coil 307 and a thread segment 308; as shown in fig. 11, the part of the coil 307 far from the first fixing plate 301 is installed into the second threading hole 306 from the notch;

as shown in fig. 13, the line segment 308 is partially overlapped with the coil 307, the line segment 308 wraps the overlapped section of the coil 307 to form an arc-shaped knitting surface 309, and an inner cavity of the knitting surface 309 is in interference fit with an outer diameter of the locking wire 303;

as shown in fig. 12, the end of the wire segment 308 is pulled, the coil 307 is contracted, and the relative positions of the first fixing plate 301 and the second fixing plate 302 are adjusted;

punching through holes on a shoulder joint and a graft (namely, a bone block for filling wear: an ilium), under the traction of a traction line 304, a position where a line pipe 311 is arranged on a locking line 303 passes through the through holes on the shoulder joint and the ilium, at the moment, a first fixing plate 301 is fixed on the shoulder joint, a second fixing plate 302 is quickly installed, the end part of a line segment 308 is drawn, so that the second fixing plate 302 is abutted against the ilium, and the two line segments 308 are cut off after knotting and fixing; in the process, the friction force formed by the action of the first fixing plate 301 or the second fixing plate 302 and the coil 307, the friction force formed by the coil 307 and the arc-shaped weaving surface 309 of the line segment 308, and the friction force formed between the ilium and the coil 307 and the line segment 308 make the first fixing plate 301 and the second fixing plate 302 form self-locking.

As shown in fig. 3, an outer edge 109 is provided at the proximal end of the working channel 101, and the limiting groove 102 is opened on the outer edge 109, so as to ensure that the structural strength of the working channel 101 is not affected; the operation window 103 is arranged along the axial direction and the radial direction of the working channel 101, and the length of the operation window 103 is 20% -25% of the length of the working channel 101, so that the operation window can ensure that the operation view is large and clear, and the structural strength of the working channel 101 is not affected.

As shown in fig. 6, the accommodating cavity 208 is cylindrical, and the upper end of the accommodating cavity 208 is closed (i.e., the inner diameter of the closed end is smaller than that of the accommodating cavity 208); as shown in fig. 7, the limit teeth 209 include: the tooth-shaped clamp comprises a cylindrical main body, a clamping edge 214 arranged at the lower end of the main body, teeth arranged at the upper end of the main body and a mounting hole 215 arranged on the lower surface of the main body;

the outer diameter of the main body is matched with the inner diameter of the closing-in; the outer diameter of the clamping edge 214 is larger than the inner diameter of the closing-in, but smaller than the inner diameter of the accommodating cavity 208; the teeth and the teeth of the one-way teeth 207 are matched and clamped to form limiting, when thrust of the positioning rod 201 is received, the limiting teeth 209 can move up and down, but the clamping edge 214 is always limited below the closing opening, and therefore stability of the limiting teeth 209 in clamping limiting on the one-way teeth 207 is guaranteed; the upper end surface of the limiting spring 210 is fixedly connected with the upper end surface of the mounting hole 215.

As shown in fig. 9, a guide pin release opening 213 is formed in the upper end of the guide block 204, the width of the guide pin release opening 213 is matched with the outer diameter of the positioning guide pin 4, and after the punching is completed and the positioning rod 201 is withdrawn, the positioning guide pin 4 is moved out from the guide pin release opening 213 only by moving the positioning guide pin 4 upwards, so that the positioning guide pin 4 can be withdrawn quickly.

As shown in fig. 11, the part of the locking thread 303 passing through the second threading hole 306 is sleeved with a conduit 311, and the conduit 311 defines the relative positions of the coil 307 and the line segment 308, so that the coil 307 and the line segment 308 are more regular.

As shown in fig. 14, a first wire groove 310 for connecting the pair of first wire holes 305 is formed in the first plate, and transition rounded corners are formed at ends of the first wire holes 305 and the first wire groove 310.

As shown in fig. 15, the end of the second threading hole 306 is provided with a transition fillet, which is provided to reduce friction of the first fixing plate 301 and the second fixing plate 302 on the locking thread 303 as much as possible, and prevent the locking thread 303 from being damaged in the process of drawing the thread segment 308.

In a preferred embodiment, the external thread 104 is selected from a rectangular thread, a trapezoidal thread or a saw-tooth thread, and has a smooth surface, so as to ensure that the extrusion pressure and the friction force with the minimally invasive wound starting end are increased without damaging skin tissues, and the position of the working channel 101 can be fixed without using other special tools.

In a preferred embodiment, the first fixing plate 301 and the second fixing plate 302 are made of a medical titanium alloy material.

In a preferred embodiment, the locking wire 303 and the pulling wire 304 are made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene.

This embodiment further provides a method for operating the above shoulder dislocation repair system, comprising the steps of:

step 1: as shown in fig. 17, after the surgical incision is cut, the working channel device 1 is integrally screwed into the surgical site, and the access depth of the working channel device 1 is finely adjusted by rotating the left and right handles;

step 2: after the working channel device 1 has been delivered in its entirety to the target site, the stent assembly is withdrawn, leaving only the working channel 101, as shown in fig. 18;

and step 3: as shown in fig. 19, the guiding device 2 is sent to the operation site along the working channel tube 101, and is fixed by the matching locking of the positioning tip 206 and the fixing tip 203 after being moved to the target position, and the working channel 101 is hidden in the figure for the sake of clarity;

and 4, step 4: as shown in fig. 20, the positioning guide pin 4 is held by a medical electric drill, and the guide device 2 is withdrawn after drilling through to the fixed point 203 along the second guide pin channel 212, wherein the working channel 101 is hidden for clarity;

and 5: as shown in fig. 21, the traction wire 304 is pulled along the prepared bone canal in step 4, and the locking wire 303 is pulled to the opposite side of the bone canal where the wire tube 311 is arranged;

step 6: as shown in fig. 22, the pull wire 304 is withdrawn and the second retainer plate 302 is installed as shown;

and 7: as shown in fig. 23, after the position is adjusted, the line segment 308 is tightened, so that the first fixing plate 301 is abutted against the back of the shoulder joint, the second fixing plate is abutted against the ilium, and after the line segment 308 is fixed, the working channel 101 is withdrawn.

Example 2

This example provides another shoulder dislocation repair system, which is different from example 1 in that: as shown in fig. 16, a pair of third threading holes 312 and a second thread groove 313 for connecting the pair of third threading holes 312 are formed in the second plate body, and transition rounded corners are formed at the end portions of the third threading holes 312 and the second thread groove 313;

further, one end of the locking thread 303 is sequentially threaded through the first threading hole 305 on one side, the second threading hole 306 on the same side, the first threading hole 305 on the other side and the second threading hole 306 on the side, and the above steps are repeated once to form a coil 307 and a line segment 308; the initial distance between the first fixing plate 301 and the second fixing plate 302 is 200 and 250 mm;

the line segment 308 is partially overlapped with the coil 307, the line segment 308 wraps the overlapped section of the coil 307 to form an arc-shaped woven surface 309, and an inner cavity of the woven surface 309 is in interference fit with the outer diameter of the locking wire 303;

the pulling wire 304 is folded in half after passing through the second threading hole 306.

The traction wire 304 pulls the second fixing plate 302 to pass through the punched through holes on the shoulder joint 5 and the ilium 6, so that the second fixing plate 302 does not need to be installed on site, but the wire segment 308 is directly pulled after the second fixing plate 302 passes through the bone canal punched by the positioning guide pin 4, so that the relative positions of the first fixing plate 301 and the second fixing plate 302 are reduced until the first fixing plate 301 and the second fixing plate 302 respectively abut against the shoulder joint and the ilium, and the operation mode has the advantages of more convenient operation and the defect that the hole diameter of the bone canal punched by the positioning guide pin needs to be enlarged so as to facilitate the second fixing plate 302 to pass through.

In summary, the invention adopting the above technical scheme has the following technical effects compared with the prior art:

(1) the number of surgical tools is simplified, the structural design of the surgical tools is optimized, the surgical flow is optimized, the surgical efficiency is improved, the repairing device can adopt a posterior approach to establish a surgical mode of glenoid bone marrow, and dense areas of arteries, veins, nervous systems and lymphatic systems on the anterior side of shoulder joints are avoided; the wound is small, and the injury to the human body is small; the requirement on doctors is low, the operation risk is low, and the popularization is easy; the suture steel plate compression fixation mode is adopted, so that related complications of screw fixation can be avoided; the bone-taking part is changed into the ilium, the original physiological structure of the human body is not changed, and unknown risks are not generated;

(2) the operation window not only ensures clear visual field of the operation, but also can protect the other side to prevent human tissues such as nerves, arteries, veins and the like from being damaged, and when the operation part needs to be changed, only the working channel needs to be rotated to expose the target; the end part of the wound extrudes the external thread on the working channel cylinder, the thread is smoothly processed, the extrusion pressure and the friction force with the beginning end of the minimally invasive wound are increased on the premise of not damaging skin tissues, and the position of the working channel can be fixed on the premise of not using other special tools; a limiting block of the expansion handle is clamped in a limiting groove of the working channel, a tapered round table at the tail end of the expansion head extends out of the working channel, the mounted working channel device is inserted into a minimally invasive wound, the expansion handle is screwed, the working channel and the expansion assembly synchronously push towards the interior of the wound to expand the wound, and the pushing resistance is greatly reduced due to the tapered round table;

(3) the guide device is simple in structural design and small in occupied space, the guide handle is held by hand, the guide handle is fixed on the back of a shoulder joint skeleton through a fixing point at the right end of the guide rod, then the positioning rod is pushed towards the fixing point through the positioning channel, the limiting tooth moves downwards and rebounds under the pushing action of the one-way tooth and the elastic force of the limiting spring in the pushing process until the positioning rod is stopped to be pushed, and at the moment, the positioning point of the positioning rod is also fixed on the shoulder joint skeleton; the positioning device can be quickly and conveniently fixed on the bone of a shoulder joint, the bone of the shoulder joint is locked through the matching of the fixing point and the positioning point, the lower end of the positioner rod is provided with one-way teeth, the positioner rod can only move in one way, namely can not move backwards, the positioning guide pin is clamped by a medical electric drill, the positioning guide pin penetrates through a guide pin through hole, the bone of the shoulder joint is punched through the positioning guide, the positioning rod rotates 180 degrees in the circumferential direction after punching is completed, the one-way teeth are upward not limited by the limiting teeth, the positioning rod is easily withdrawn, and then the positioning guide pin is withdrawn, so that the operation is convenient and the operation efficiency is high; after the punching is finished and the positioning rod is withdrawn, the positioning guide pin can be withdrawn quickly only by moving the positioning guide pin upwards and moving the positioning guide pin out of the guide pin release port, so that the operation efficiency is improved;

(4) fixing device's fixed mode is simple lasting, the operation difficulty is little, operation process is simple, the postoperative can not become invalid, difficult complication that causes, punch the hole on shoulder joint and graft (being used for filling the bone piece of wearing and tearing), under the traction of pull wire, the locking line is equipped with spool department and passes the shoulder joint and be used for filling the perforation on the bone piece of wearing and tearing, first fixed plate is fixed on shoulder joint this moment, install the second fixed plate rapidly, the tip of pull line section for the conflict of second fixed plate lies in being used for filling the bone piece of wearing and tearing, two line sections are knotted fixedly the back cut can.

While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.