阅读说明：本技术 一种农作物机械收割装置及其联控方法 (Mechanical crop harvesting device and joint control method thereof ) 是由 安冬冬 于 2020-06-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种农作物机械收割装置及其联控方法,涉及农作物收割技术领域,针对现有皮带、链条机械传动装置,在谷物收获机进行动力传动时,需要多级变速,以实现不同部位作业速度和作业动力传输的需求,多级变速和传动,传动结构布置复杂,动力效率低,整机动力消耗大的问题,现提出如下方案,包括割台系统、输送系统、脱离系统、清选系统、集粮系统、抛洒系统和行走系统,所述割台系统包括拨禾轮,所述拨禾轮的下方设有割刀,所述割刀的右侧设有喂入搅轮。本发明分别设置、匹配不同的液压或电力驱动单元,并结合作业过程联动的需求,实现各工作系统的自适应作业以及各系统之间的联动作业,确保收获作业效果和作业系统稳定可靠。(The invention discloses a mechanical crop harvesting device and a joint control method thereof, relates to the technical field of crop harvesting, and aims at solving the problems that the conventional belt and chain mechanical transmission device needs multi-stage speed change to meet the requirements of different part operation speeds and operation power transmission when a grain harvester performs power transmission, the multi-stage speed change and transmission have complex transmission structure arrangement, low power efficiency and large power consumption of the whole machine. The invention respectively sets and matches different hydraulic or electric drive units, and combines the linkage requirement in the operation process, thereby realizing the self-adaptive operation of each working system and the linkage operation among the systems, and ensuring the harvesting operation effect and the stability and reliability of the operation systems.)

1. The utility model provides a crops machinery reaping apparatus, includes header system, conveying system, breaks away from system, cleaning system, collection grain system, system of shedding and traveling system, a serial communication port, header system includes reel (1), the below of reel (1) is equipped with cutting knife (2), the right side of cutting knife (2) is equipped with feeding stirring wheel (3), conveying system includes feeding transport (4), the system that breaks away from includes threshing cylinder (5), the top of cleaning system package is equipped with unloads grain lift (6), the below of unloading grain lift (6) is equipped with cleans shale shaker (7), the below of cleaning shale shaker (7) is equipped with cleans fan (8), collection grain system includes seed material lift (9), the right side of seed material lift (9) is equipped with miscellaneous afterlift (10), the top of miscellaneous afterlift (10) is equipped with crushing wheel (11), and a throwing fan is arranged on the left side of the straw crushing wheel (11).

2. The mechanical crop harvesting device according to claim 1, wherein the reel (1) of the header system is driven electrically or hydraulically, and the cutter (2) and the feeding paddle wheel (3) are driven hydraulically.

3. The mechanical crop harvesting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the transport system employs hydraulic drive systems to drive the gap bridge and the non-entering roller of the transport system, respectively.

4. The mechanical harvesting device of claim 1, wherein the disengaging system uses a hydraulic drive system to drive the pre-threshing cylinder and the threshing cylinder (5), respectively.

5. The mechanical crop harvesting device according to claim 1, wherein the cleaning system adopts a hydraulic driving device to respectively drive the cleaning fan (8), the cleaning vibrating screen (7) and the impurity and residue elevator (10).

6. The mechanical harvesting device of claim 1, wherein the grain collecting system is driven by hydraulic driving devices to respectively drive the seed lift (9) and the residue lift (10).

7. The mechanical harvesting device of claim 1, wherein the throwing system is driven by hydraulic or electric driving means to respectively drive the straw crushing wheel (11) and the throwing fan.

8. The mechanical harvesting device of claim 1, wherein the walking system is driven by hydraulic driving means.

9. The combined control method for the mechanical crop harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, linkage of main control parameters:

the walking system, the header system, the conveying system, the threshing system, the cleaning system, the grain collecting system and the throwing system are controlled in a joint mode;

s2, joint control of secondary parameters:

the threshing system and the walking system are jointly controlled;

the threshing system, the conveying system and the header system are jointly controlled;

s3, three-level parameter joint control:

the threshing system and the cleaning system are jointly controlled;

the threshing system and the conveying system are jointly controlled;

the conveying system and the header system are jointly controlled;

the grain collecting system, the cleaning system and the threshing system are controlled in a combined mode.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of crop harvesting, in particular to a mechanical harvesting device for crops and a joint control method thereof.

Background

The grain harvester is used for carrying out combined walking operation equipment of grain cutting, grain feeding, grain conveying, grain separating, grain cleaning, grain lifting, grain collecting and grain discharging, adopts a mode of multi-head power input and multi-system linkage to realize system combined operation of the above systems, and adopts a semi-rigid power transmission device and a semi-rigid power transmission structure of a belt and a chain to carry out operation power transmission in the grain harvester in China at the present stage. The transmission device is complex, and the belt and chain transmission system is damaged at one part, so that the whole transmission system can be failed and damaged, and the device is not suitable for operation transmission of complex operation machinery such as a grain harvester. At cereal cutting, cereal feeding, cereal transport cereal, break away from the separation, cereal is cleaned, cereal lift collection grain and cereal unload positions such as grain, because the unstability of cereal entering volume, cereal results work load change is uncontrollable, adopt the belt, chain semi-steel nature power transmission, the load change at single operation position can not inside digestion, on the contrary direct influence to entire system and other transmission structure, cause whole transmission load to change more acutely, change and lead to the fact weak structural part, for example: the damage of the belt, the chain, the overrunning clutch and other structures causes the reduction of the reliability of products, frequent faults, excessive power consumption of the products, and the loss of grains and the economic loss of operation users.

The existing belt and chain mechanical transmission device needs multi-stage speed change when a grain harvester is used for power transmission so as to meet the requirements of different operating speeds and operating power transmission at different parts, and has the advantages of multi-stage speed change and transmission, complex transmission structure arrangement, low power efficiency and large power consumption of the whole machine, so that the crop mechanical harvesting device and the joint control method thereof are provided.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a mechanical crop harvesting device and a joint control method thereof, which solve the problems that the conventional belt and chain mechanical transmission device needs multi-stage speed change to meet the requirements of different part operation speeds and operation power transmission when a grain harvester is used for power transmission, the multi-stage speed change and transmission are complex in transmission structure arrangement, the power efficiency is low, and the power consumption of the whole machine is large.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a crops machinery reaping apparatus, includes header system, conveying system, breaks away from system, cleaning system, collection grain system, tossing system and traveling system, the header system is including dialling the standing grain wheel, the below of dialling the standing grain wheel is equipped with the cutting knife, the right side of cutting knife is equipped with feeding stirring wheel, conveying system is carried including the feeding, it includes threshing cylinder to break away from the system, the top of cleaning the system and including is equipped with the lift of unloading grain, the below of the lift of unloading grain is equipped with cleans the shale shaker, the below of cleaning the shale shaker is equipped with cleans the fan, collection grain system includes seed material lift, the right side of seed material lift is equipped with miscellaneous afterlift, the top of miscellaneous afterlift is equipped with the straw crushing wheel, the left side of straw crushing wheel is equipped with the tossing fan.

Preferably, the reel in the header system is driven by electricity or hydraulic pressure, and the cutter and the feeding stirring wheel are driven by hydraulic pressure.

Preferably, the conveying system adopts a hydraulic driving system, and the gap bridge and the non-entering roller of the conveying system are respectively driven.

Preferably, the separation system adopts a hydraulic driving system to respectively drive the pre-threshing cylinder and the threshing cylinder.

Preferably, the cleaning system adopts a hydraulic driving device to respectively drive the cleaning fan, the cleaning vibrating screen and the impurity and residue lifting.

Preferably, the grain collecting system adopts a hydraulic driving device to respectively drive the seed material lifting and the impurity lifting.

Preferably, the throwing system adopts a hydraulic or electric driving device to respectively drive the straw crushing wheel and the throwing fan.

Preferably, the walking system adopts a hydraulic driving device to realize walking driving.

A joint control method for a mechanical crop harvesting device comprises the following steps:

s1, linkage of main control parameters:

the walking system, the header system, the conveying system, the threshing system, the cleaning system, the grain collecting system and the throwing system are controlled in a joint mode;

s2, joint control of secondary parameters:

the threshing system and the walking system are jointly controlled;

the threshing system, the conveying system and the header system are jointly controlled;

s3, three-level parameter joint control:

the threshing system and the cleaning system are jointly controlled;

the threshing system and the conveying system are jointly controlled;

the conveying system and the header system are jointly controlled;

the grain collecting system, the cleaning system and the threshing system are controlled in a combined mode.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: aiming at the operation power distribution requirement of the harvester, the whole operation sequence process of the harvester is analyzed, different hydraulic or electric drive units are respectively arranged and matched, the linkage requirement of the operation process is combined, different operation data collecting devices are arranged according to the operation characteristics and the operation results of different processes, and power distribution control and operation linkage control under the conditions of different loads and operation requirements are realized through different control strategies, so that a hydraulic drive method and an electric control linkage control mode from a complete machine to each working system are formed, the self-adaptive operation of each working system and the linkage operation among the systems are realized, and the harvesting operation effect and the stability and reliability of the working systems are ensured.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic front view structure diagram of a mechanical crop harvesting device and a joint control method thereof provided by the invention.

In the figure: 1 reel, 2 cutters, 3 feeding stirring wheels, 4 feeding conveying, 5 threshing cylinders, 6 unloading lifting, 7 cleaning vibrating screens, 8 cleaning fans, 9 seed lifting, 10 impurity lifting and 11 straw crushing wheels.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1, a crops machinery reaping apparatus, including header system, conveying system, break away from the system, cleaning system, collection grain system, shed system and traveling system, header system includes reel 1, the below of reel 1 is equipped with cutting knife 2, the right side of cutting knife 2 is equipped with feeding stirring wheel 3, conveying system includes feeding transport 4, break away from the system and include threshing cylinder 5, cleaning system includes the top be equipped with unload grain lift 6, unload grain lift 6's below is equipped with cleaning vibrating screen 7, cleaning vibrating screen 7's below is equipped with cleaning fan 8, collection grain system includes seed material lift 9, seed material lift 9's right side is equipped with miscellaneous fortune lift 10, miscellaneous fortune 10's top is equipped with straw crushing wheel 11, straw crushing wheel 11's left side is equipped with the throwing fan.

In the embodiment, the reel 1 in the header system is driven by electricity or hydraulic pressure, and the cutter 2 and the feeding stirring wheel 3 are driven by hydraulic pressure.

In this embodiment, the conveying system adopts a hydraulic driving system to drive the gap bridge and the non-entering roller of the conveying system respectively.

In this embodiment, the threshing system adopts a hydraulic drive system to drive the pre-threshing cylinder and the threshing cylinder 5, respectively.

In the embodiment, the cleaning system adopts a hydraulic driving device to respectively drive a cleaning fan 8, a cleaning vibrating screen 7 and a miscellaneous lift 10.

In this embodiment, the grain collecting system adopts a hydraulic driving device to respectively drive the seed material lifting and transporting 9 and the impurity lifting and transporting 10.

In this embodiment, the sprinkling system adopts a hydraulic or electric driving device to respectively drive the straw crushing wheel 11 and the sprinkling fan.

In this embodiment, the traveling system adopts a hydraulic drive device to realize traveling drive.

A joint control method for a mechanical crop harvesting device comprises the following steps:

s1, linkage of main control parameters:

the walking system, the header system, the conveying system, the threshing system, the cleaning system, the grain collecting system and the throwing system are controlled in a joint mode;

s2, joint control of secondary parameters:

the threshing system and the walking system are jointly controlled;

the threshing system, the conveying system and the header system are jointly controlled;

s3, three-level parameter joint control:

the threshing system and the cleaning system are jointly controlled;

the threshing system and the conveying system are jointly controlled;

the conveying system and the header system are jointly controlled;

the grain collecting system, the cleaning system and the threshing system are controlled in a combined mode.