Aging treatment method of aluminum alloy bright decorative strip, vehicle body bright decorative strip and aging equipment
阅读说明：本技术 铝合金亮饰条的时效处理方法、车身亮饰条以及时效设备 (Aging treatment method of aluminum alloy bright decorative strip, vehicle body bright decorative strip and aging equipment ) 是由 尚贵才 兰谢宝 周智强 于 2020-06-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种铝合金亮饰条的时效处理方法,包含以下步骤：S10.获得所需的基材；S20.将基材装入周转车,并转运至等待区域进行自然时效；其中,等待区域具有多个设置有次序标记的停放工位；S30.重复步骤S20,以将多个周转车按次序标记摆放在各停放工位内；S40.根据次序标记将周转车按预设的数量分为多个组别,并按摆放顺序对同一组别内的周转车在输送工位上进行摆放；S50.驱动输送工位进入时效炉,以使基材进行人工时效；S60.对多个组别的周转车上的基材进行人工时效；本发明还提供一种利用上述时效处理方法得到的车身亮饰条以及利用上述时效处理方法的设备。本发明提高了产品的合格率,降低了生产过程中的检测成本。(The invention discloses an aging treatment method of an aluminum alloy bright decorative strip, which comprises the following steps: s10, obtaining a required base material; s20, loading the base material into a transfer vehicle, and transferring the base material to a waiting area for natural aging; the waiting area is provided with a plurality of parking stations provided with sequence marks; s30, repeating the step S20 to place a plurality of turnover vehicles in each parking station according to the sequence marks; s40, dividing the turnover vehicles into a plurality of groups according to the preset number according to the sequence marks, and placing the turnover vehicles in the same group on a conveying station according to a placing sequence; s50, driving the conveying station to enter an aging furnace so as to artificially age the base material; s60, carrying out artificial aging on the base materials on the turnover vehicles of the groups; the invention also provides a bright decorative strip of the car body obtained by the aging treatment method and equipment using the aging treatment method. The invention improves the qualification rate of products and reduces the detection cost in the production process.)
1. An aging treatment method of an aluminum alloy bright decoration strip is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s10, obtaining a required base material;
s20, loading the base material into a transfer vehicle, and transferring the base material to a waiting area for natural aging; wherein the waiting area is provided with a plurality of parking stations provided with sequence marks;
s30, repeating the step S20 to place a plurality of turnover vehicles in each parking station according to the sequence marks;
s40, dividing the turnover vehicles into a plurality of groups according to the preset number according to the sequence marks, and placing the turnover vehicles in the same group on a conveying station according to a placing sequence;
s50, driving the conveying station to enter an aging furnace so as to artificially age the base material;
s60, carrying out artificial aging on the base materials on the turnover vehicles of the groups;
the conveying station is provided with a diversion cover, and the aging furnace can blow hot air to the diversion cover so that the hot air can heat the base materials on the turnover vehicles through the diversion cover;
the placing sequence is as follows:
placing a plurality of turnover vehicles into an assembly with a rectangular section according to the natural aging time of the base material in the waiting area;
on the rectangle, an X is established by taking the intersection point of a first edge close to the ground and a second edge close to the air guide sleeve as an originN-YMA coordinate system;
at the position XN-YMIn the coordinate system, comparing the coordinate positions of any two turnover vehicles;
when the N values are the same and the M values are different, the turnover vehicle corresponding to the base material with long natural aging time is placed at the position with the smaller M value;
when the M values are the same and the N values are different, the turnover vehicle corresponding to the base material with long natural aging time is placed at the position with the smaller N value;
and when the N value and the M value are different, the turnover vehicle corresponding to the base material with long natural aging time is placed at a position with a small N value.
2. The aging treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining of the desired base material comprises the steps of:
s101, heating an aluminum bar: isothermal heating the aluminum bar to 450-530 ℃, wherein the heating time is 100-300 s;
s102, extrusion forming: heating an extrusion die to 450-520 ℃, preserving heat, pushing an aluminum bar into the extrusion die for molding, and extruding through an extrusion port to obtain a profile;
s103, cooling: after air cooling, the temperature of the section is lower than 320 ℃, and the section enters a cooling bed;
s104, straightening: after air cooling, straightening the section at the temperature lower than 55 ℃;
and S105, sawing the cooled section to obtain the base material.
3. The aging treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the difference of the natural aging time between the base materials on two adjacent turnover vehicles in the same group is 20-60 min.
4. The aging treatment method according to claim 1, further comprising the steps between the step S40 and the step S50 of:
s41, determining the natural aging time range corresponding to the base materials in the same group, and adjusting the heat preservation temperature of the aging furnace by referring to the artificial aging parameter table.
5. The aging treatment method according to claim 4, wherein the step of obtaining the artificial aging parameter table comprises:
m10, obtaining a plurality of sections of sample pieces of base materials with different natural aging times;
m20, carrying out artificial aging treatment on the sample piece loaded on the turnover vehicle to obtain the yield strength parameters of the sample piece after artificial aging under different natural aging time conditions;
m30, according to the required yield strength range, comparing the yield strength parameters, and selecting the range of natural aging time as a reference range;
m40, determining an over-reference range and a negative reference range according to the upper limit and the lower limit of the reference range;
and M50, taking the preset aging furnace heat preservation temperature as the heat preservation temperature corresponding to the reference range, and performing temperature compensation to obtain the heat preservation temperatures corresponding to the over-reference range and the negative reference range.
6. The aging treatment method according to claim 5, wherein the reference temperature is 150 ℃, the holding temperature corresponding to the over-reference range is 152 ℃, and the holding temperature corresponding to the under-reference range is 148 ℃.
7. The aging treatment method according to claim 5, wherein the negative reference range is 0 to 8 hours, the reference range is 8 to 20 hours, and the over-reference range is > 20 hours.
8. The aging treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the number of the transfer vehicles in each group in the plurality of groups is 4, 6, 8, 12 or 16, and the plurality of transfer vehicles can be arranged in a single layer or a plurality of layers on the conveying station according to the arrangement sequence.
9. A vehicle body bright trim, characterized in that it is produced by the aging treatment method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. An aging apparatus characterized in that a bright trim is treated by the aging method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
Technical Field
The invention relates to an aluminum alloy processing technology, in particular to an aging treatment method of an aluminum alloy bright decorative strip.
The invention also relates to a bright decorative strip of the car body manufactured by the aging treatment method and aging equipment for aging the bright decorative strip of the car body.
Background
Along with the improvement of living standard and aesthetic examination of people, the requirements of people on the appearance and the like of the vehicle are higher and higher, and the aluminum alloy bright decorative strip is more and more used at the sealing position of the vehicle window and the placing position of the roof luggage, especially for middle and high-grade automobiles.
Aluminum and aluminum alloys are one of the more widely used light metals in nonferrous metals. It has low density, light weight, high plasticity and high corrosion resistance. Aluminum alloys can be classified into two major categories, wrought aluminum alloys and cast aluminum alloys, according to alloying elements and processing characteristics. The cast aluminum alloy is an aluminum alloy which is directly cast or cast into a part or a blank by a casting method. The cast aluminum alloy should have good casting performance in addition to the necessary mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, so that the cast aluminum alloy contains more alloy elements than the wrought aluminum alloy, and can form more eutectic with low melting point to improve the fluidity and the casting performance of the alloy. After the deformed aluminum alloy is smelted and injected into an ingot, various sections, bars, pipes and plates are formed by hot extrusion processing. When the deformed aluminum alloy is heated, the deformed aluminum alloy is in a single-phase solid solution state, the alloy plasticity is good, and the deformed aluminum alloy is suitable for pressure processing. The strength can be further improved by cold deformation and heat treatment. Wrought aluminum alloys can be further classified into non-heat treatable aluminum alloys and heat treatable aluminum alloys according to their composition and performance characteristics. The instant strengthening aluminum alloy is one kind of ageing aluminum alloy with the second phase possessing dispersion strengthening effect precipitated from supersaturated solid solution through adding proper amount of alloy elements with solubility increasing with temperature raising and heat treatment of solid solution, fast cooling and annealing.
Before the aluminum alloy is processed into the finished product of the aluminum alloy bright decorative strip, the aluminum alloy bright decorative strip needs to be subjected to aging treatment, in the prior art, the base material is usually transferred to a transfer vehicle, and after the transfer vehicle has a sufficient number, the collection of the transfer vehicle is pushed into an aging furnace for aging treatment.
However, in the process of implementing the technical solution of the invention in the embodiments of the present application, the inventors of the present application find that the above-mentioned technology has at least the following technical problems:
the base materials on different transfer cars in the same heat are detected, and the yield strength difference of the base materials on different transfer cars is larger under the same artificial aging parameter.
The base materials on the turnover vehicles with different heats are detected, and the yield strength difference of the base materials on the corresponding turnover vehicles with different heats is larger under the same artificial aging parameters.
For the aluminum alloy bright decoration strip, the yield strength is small, the mechanical property of the product is not satisfactory, the yield strength is too large, the plasticity of the product in the subsequent production process is poor, and the product is difficult to process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an aging treatment method, and aims to solve the problem that the yield strength of an aluminum alloy bright decorative strip after aging treatment fluctuates greatly in the prior art.
The invention also aims to solve the technical problem of providing a vehicle body bright decoration strip manufactured by the aging treatment method.
The invention further aims to solve the technical problem of providing an aging device for processing the bright decorative strip by using the aging processing method.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides an aging treatment method of an aluminum alloy bright decorative strip, which comprises the following steps: s10, obtaining a required base material; s20, loading the base material into a transfer vehicle, and transferring the base material to a waiting area for natural aging; wherein the waiting area is provided with a plurality of parking stations provided with sequence marks; s30, repeating the step S20 to place a plurality of turnover vehicles in each parking station according to the sequence marks; s40, dividing the turnover vehicles into a plurality of groups according to the preset number according to the sequence marks, and placing the turnover vehicles in the same group on a conveying station according to a placing sequence; s50, driving the conveying station to enter an aging furnace so as to artificially age the base material; s60, carrying out artificial aging on the base materials on the turnover vehicles of the groups; the conveying station is provided with a diversion cover, and the aging furnace can blow hot air to the diversion cover so that the hot air can heat the base materials on the turnover vehicles through the diversion cover; the placing sequence is as follows: according to the substrateWaiting for the natural aging time in the area, and placing the turnover vehicles into an assembly with a rectangular section; on the rectangle, an X is established by taking the intersection point of a first edge close to the ground and a second edge close to the air guide sleeve as an originN-YMA coordinate system; at the position XN-YMIn the coordinate system, comparing the coordinate positions of any two turnover vehicles; when the N values are the same and the M values are different, the turnover vehicle corresponding to the base material with long natural aging time is placed at the position with the smaller M value; when the M values are the same and the N values are different, the turnover vehicle corresponding to the base material with long natural aging time is placed at the position with the smaller N value; and when the N value and the M value are different, the turnover vehicle corresponding to the base material with long natural aging time is placed at a position with a small N value.
Preferably, the obtaining of the desired substrate comprises the steps of: s101, heating an aluminum bar: isothermal heating the aluminum bar to 450-530 ℃, wherein the heating time is 100-300 s; s102, extrusion forming: heating an extrusion die to 450-520 ℃, preserving heat, pushing an aluminum bar into the extrusion die for molding, and extruding through an extrusion port to obtain a profile; s103, cooling: after air cooling, the temperature of the section is lower than 320 ℃, and the section enters a cooling bed; s104, straightening: after air cooling, straightening the section at the temperature lower than 55 ℃; and S105, sawing the cooled section to obtain the base material.
Preferably, in the same group, the time difference of natural aging between the base materials on every two adjacent turnover vehicles is 20-60 min.
Preferably, the following steps are further included between the step S40 and the step S50: s41, determining the natural aging time range corresponding to the base materials in the same group, and adjusting the heat preservation temperature of the aging furnace by referring to the artificial aging parameter table.
Preferably, the step of obtaining the artificial aging parameter table includes: m10, obtaining a plurality of sections of sample pieces of base materials with different natural aging times; m20, carrying out artificial aging treatment on the sample piece loaded on the turnover vehicle to obtain the yield strength parameters of the sample piece after artificial aging under different natural aging time conditions; m30, according to the required yield strength range, comparing the yield strength parameters, and selecting the range of natural aging time as a reference range; m40, determining an over-reference range and a negative reference range according to the upper limit and the lower limit of the reference range; and M50, taking the preset aging furnace heat preservation temperature as the heat preservation temperature corresponding to the reference range, and performing temperature compensation to obtain the heat preservation temperatures corresponding to the over-reference range and the negative reference range.
Preferably, the reference temperature is 150 ℃, the heat preservation temperature corresponding to the over-reference range is 152 ℃, and the heat preservation temperature corresponding to the negative reference range is 148 ℃.
Preferably, the negative reference range is 0-8 h, the reference range is 8-20 h, and the over-reference range is more than 20 h.
Preferably, in the plurality of groups, the number of the transfer cart in each group is 4, 6, 8, 12 or 16, and a plurality of the transfer carts can be arranged in a single layer or a plurality of layers on the conveying station according to the arrangement sequence.
The invention provides a bright decorative strip of a vehicle body, which is manufactured by the aging treatment method.
The invention provides aging equipment, which is used for processing the bright decorative strip by using the aging processing method.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention can obtain the following technical effects:
this application is through the change phenomenon with the yield strength that natural ageing leads to and the change phenomenon of the yield strength that leads to because of the difference in temperature of each point in the stove summarizes and draws forth out and put the order, and make the turnover vehicle put according to this order of putting, the yield strength fluctuation that the base material appears after artifical ageing that has significantly reduced, it is too big because of base material yield strength fluctuation among the prior art to have overcome, and then the unqualified technical problem of product that leads to, the qualification rate of product is improved, the detection cost in the production process has been reduced.
The continuous aging treatment of the base material on the production line can be realized, and the production efficiency is improved.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and detailed description:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an aging furnace.
FIG. 2 is a front view of the tote cart in the transport station;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the tote cart in the transport station;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the detection points in the vertical direction after the turnover vehicle is placed;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the detection points in the horizontal direction after the turnover vehicle is placed;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the detection points after the turnover vehicle is placed.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present application, a dual-door gas aging furnace is used to perform aging treatment on an aluminum alloy bright decoration strip, and the equipment size is as follows: 24000X 2800X 5800 mm. Its main structure includes: the furnace body, the fan G, a conveying device with a
Specifically, in fig. 1, when the aging furnace is in operation, the fan G causes the wind to flow clockwise, specifically, the wind direction is the direction indicated by the solid arrow in fig. 1. In order to make the temperature of each point in the aging furnace more uniform, the aging furnace can make the wind flow counterclockwise after working for a period of time, specifically, the direction marked by the dotted arrow in fig. 1.
However, in the daily production process, the temperature of each point in the furnace is measured, and the temperature difference of each point in the furnace is still found, and the phenomenon is explained by combining the comparative example as follows:
comparative example 1:
as shown in fig. 4, after loading the base material on the
TABLE 1
From table 1, it can be seen: in the vertical direction, the temperature decays from K5 to K1, i.e. the further from the ground the more the temperature decays.
Comparative example 2:
referring to fig. 5, a plurality of
TABLE 2
From table 2, it can be seen: in the horizontal direction, the temperature decays from P1 to P3, i.e. the further away from the pod, the more the temperature decays.
And (3) carrying out intensity measurement on each point to obtain:
TABLE 3
From table 3, it can be seen that the yield strength variation tendency and the temperature variation tendency are consistent, and both decay from P1 to P3, and the difference between P1 and P3 is 4MPa, and the variation is large.
From the above results, it can be seen that the temperature is lower at the position farther from the air guide sleeve in the horizontal direction in the same furnace, and the temperature is lower at the position farther from the ground in the vertical direction, and the difference of the temperatures at various points in the furnace can cause the difference of the mechanical properties, and as for the influence of the temperatures on the mechanical properties, a specific comparative example is listed below for more detailed description.
Comparative example 3:
referring to fig. 6, the artificial aging parameters of a certain automotive trim are as follows: heating to 155 deg.C, and maintaining for 180min, wherein the yield strength is required to be within 95-125 MPa. According to the verification, the mechanical property difference is compared at the positions H1-H12 in the furnace cavity, and the influence of process factors on the test result is reduced under the same natural aging condition. As shown in table 4:
TABLE 4
From table 4, it can be seen:
according to the method, the yield strength of each point on the
Dividing each point into 6 groups along the vertical direction, namely H1 and H3, H2 and H4, and the division rules of other groups are consistent, so that repeated description is omitted, and the yield strength of the lower layer in the vertical direction is 2-5 MPa higher than that of the upper layer by comparison in the vertical direction;
in summary, it can be concluded that the closer to the air guide sleeve 3, the higher the yield strength, and the closer to the ground, the higher the yield strength, and the faster the strength decay in the horizontal direction than in the vertical direction, and in combination with the conclusions of comparative example 1 and comparative example 2, it is known that the decay of the temperature will lead to the decay of the yield strength, and that the decay is closely related to the placement position of the revolving
Since the aluminum alloy bright decoration strip is continuously produced on the production line, whether the difference of mechanical properties exists in the artificial aging of different heats is verified by combining a specific comparative example.
Comparative example 4:
the combination of the plurality of groups of
TABLE 5
The interval time is the time difference between the
As can be seen from Table 5, under the same artificial aging parameters, the yield strength of the base material corresponding to Heat 1 to Heat 3 varies by 5-10 MPa, and the stability of the mechanical properties is poor.
In summary, the base materials on
The base materials on the
Therefore, in the prior art, the aluminum alloy bright decoration strip has the problem of large yield strength fluctuation after aging treatment.
The following detailed description will be made to solve the above technical problems with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:
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