阅读说明：本技术 车轮钢轮辋的生产方法 (Production method of wheel steel rim ) 是由 周磊磊 余腾义 靳阳 王亮赟 于 2020-06-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种车轮钢轮辋的生产方法,属于钢质轮辋的生产技术领域。车轮钢轮辋的生产方法,包括如下生产工序:下料→卷圆→压平→焊接→刮渣→切边→扩口→一次或多次滚型→精整→气密性检查→压装→组合焊接→电泳处理,在刮渣工序与切边工序之间设置有喷风冷却工序,喷风冷却方法为,通过喷吹压缩空气使钢制车轮焊缝区域以20℃/s-50℃/s的冷却速率冷却至室温。本发明通过喷吹压缩空气以实现焊接区域的快速冷却,能够解决高强度车轮钢闪光焊接后焊接区域的软化问题,从而在变形过程中焊缝区域不会出现拉薄缺陷。(The invention relates to a production method of a wheel steel rim, belonging to the technical field of production of steel rims. The production method of the wheel steel rim comprises the following production procedures of blanking → rolling → flattening → welding → slag scraping → trimming → flaring → one time or multiple times of rolling → finishing → air tightness inspection → press mounting → combined welding → electrophoresis treatment, wherein an air blast cooling procedure is arranged between the slag scraping procedure and the trimming procedure, and the air blast cooling method is that compressed air is blown to cool the welding seam area of the steel wheel to the room temperature at the cooling rate of 20 ℃/s-50 ℃/s. The invention realizes the rapid cooling of the welding area by blowing compressed air, and can solve the problem of softening of the welding area after the flash welding of the high-strength wheel steel, so that the weld area can not be thinned in the deformation process.)

1. The production method of the wheel steel rim comprises the following production procedures of blanking → rolling → flattening → welding → slag scraping → trimming → flaring → one time or multiple times of rolling → finishing → air tightness inspection → press fitting → combined welding → electrophoresis treatment, and is characterized in that: and a wind spraying cooling process is arranged between the slag scraping process and the edge cutting process, and the wind spraying cooling method is that compressed air is sprayed to cool the welding seam area of the steel wheel to room temperature at a cooling rate of 20-120 ℃/s.

2. A method of producing a steel wheel rim for vehicle wheels according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the air-jet cooling process, the initial temperature of the welding seam area of the steel wheel when the compressed air starts to be blown is 600-980 ℃.

3. A method of producing a steel wheel rim for vehicle wheels according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the air blast cooling process, the welding seam area of the steel wheel is cooled to room temperature at the cooling rate of 30-90 ℃/s.

4. A method of producing a steel wheel rim according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the blowing device applied to the air-jet cooling process comprises an air-jet device (1), wherein the air-jet device (1) is a closed container with a horizontally arranged bottom plate, and the bottom plate of the container is provided with uniformly arranged small holes as blowing holes; the air blower (1) is arranged in the area between the slag scraping station and the edge cutting station through the frame (2), and a blowing station is arranged right below the air blower (1); when the air jet cooling is carried out, the steel wheel (3) enters the blowing station in a state that the welding seam area faces upwards, and after the air jet cooling is finished, the steel wheel (3) is conveyed to the edge cutting station.

5. The method for producing a wheel steel rim as claimed in claim 4, wherein: in the blowing device, the length of the bottom plate of the container is 300mm-420mm, the width is 30mm-60mm, the diameter of the small holes on the bottom plate of the container is 2mm-5mm, and the distance between the small holes is 5mm-15 mm; when the air is sprayed and cooled, the air pressure of the compressed air inlet is 0.3MPa-0.6 MPa.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a production method of a wheel steel rim, belonging to the technical field of production of steel rims.

Background

The performance of the wheel affects the safety of automobile running and the stability of operation, and the wheel as an important component of an automobile running system requires reliable welding quality of a rim. Because a proper amount of alloy elements are added into high-strength wheel steel, a softening area inevitably appears in a welded joint after welding. The softening area is easy to be intensively deformed in the subsequent deformation process, so that the thinning defect is formed, and in severe cases, necking and even cracking of a welding area can occur in the softening area, so that the quality of the steel wheel is influenced, and the steel wheel can not be used.

At present, the production process of the wheel steel rim is as follows: blanking → rolling → flattening → welding → slag scraping → trimming → flaring → primary rolling → secondary rolling → tertiary rolling → finishing → air tightness inspection → press fitting → combination welding → electrophoresis treatment. The step of developing the draw-down defect is mainly a finishing step which extends the welded rim in the circumferential direction by 10mm to 20 mm.

According to the review, the patent document with publication number CN102107320A discloses a pulse energization preheating flash welding process for a steel rim of a heavy-duty car, which comprises the processes of blanking, edge rolling, flattening, welding condition setting, clamping, pulse flash preheating, continuous flashing, electrified upset forging, pressure maintaining, clamp loosening, deburring and the like. The controlled process parameters are as follows: adjusting the elongation to be 20-50 mm; the flash allowance is 5-12 mm; upsetting allowance: 5-10 mm; 2-3 × 105N of upsetting force; the clamping force is 3-6 multiplied by 105N; the pulse energization preheating process is carried out for (4-10) times (0.5-1.2) s, and each pulse is electrified for (0.1-0.2) s; preheating and welding voltage: 10.8-14.6V; flash time: 14-30S; upsetting electrification time: 0.3 to 2 seconds. The automatic steel wheel rim forming machine has the advantages of being high in automation degree, suitable for the steel wheel rim of a heavy-duty car, 3-8 mm in thickness and 300-400 mm in width. The document does not describe how to eliminate the draw-down defect of the weld zone.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the production method of the wheel steel rim can eliminate the draw-thin defect of the high-strength wheel steel welded joint.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the production method of the wheel steel rim comprises the following production procedures of blanking → rolling → flattening → welding → slag scraping → trimming → flaring → one time or multiple times of rolling → finishing → air tightness inspection → press mounting → combined welding → electrophoresis treatment, wherein an air blast cooling procedure is arranged between the slag scraping procedure and the trimming procedure, and the air blast cooling method is that compressed air is blown to cool the welding seam area of the steel wheel to the room temperature at the cooling rate of 20 ℃/s-120 ℃/s. The cooling rate may further preferably be 30 ℃/s to 90 ℃/s.

Further, the method comprises the following steps: in the air-jet cooling process, the initial temperature of the welding seam area of the steel wheel when the compressed air starts to be blown is 600-980 ℃.

Further, the method comprises the following steps: the blowing device applied to the air-jet cooling process comprises an air-jet device, wherein the air-jet device is a closed container with a horizontally arranged bottom plate, and the bottom plate of the container is provided with uniformly arranged small holes as blowing holes; the air blower is arranged in the area between the slag scraping station and the edge cutting station through a frame, and a blowing station is arranged right below the air blower; and when the air jet cooling is carried out, the steel wheel enters the blowing station in a state that the welding seam area faces upwards, and after the air jet cooling is finished, the steel wheel is conveyed to the edge cutting station.

Further, the method comprises the following steps: in the blowing device, the length of the bottom plate of the container is 300mm-420mm, the width is 30mm-60mm, the diameter of the small holes on the bottom plate of the container is 2mm-5mm, and the distance between the small holes is 5mm-15 mm; when the air is sprayed and cooled, the air pressure of the compressed air inlet is 0.3MPa-0.6 MPa.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the air-jet cooling process is arranged between the slag scraping process and the edge cutting process, ferrite transformation in the interval is completed, pearlite is basically transformed, residual austenite which is not transformed completely is transformed into acicular ferrite and fine lamellar pearlite, and then compressed air is blown to rapidly cool a welding area, so that the problem of softening of the welding area after the high-strength wheel steel is subjected to flash welding can be solved, and the defect of thinning of the welding line area in the deformation process can be avoided. The invention can be directly modified and implemented by using the existing wheel steel production line, has low investment cost and simple and easy air-jet cooling process and device, and can obviously reduce the cracking rate of the wheel in the roll-forming process because the thinning defect of the high-strength wheel steel welding joint is eliminated, improve the production efficiency while reducing the production cost, and have higher popularization and application values in the field of steel wheel production.

Drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic elevation view of a blowing device according to the invention in an application;

FIG. 2 is a flow line profile of a weld region after practice of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the microstructure of a weld zone after practice of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the microstructure of a weld zone of a comparative example;

labeled as: the air blower comprises an air blower 1, a frame 2 and a steel wheel 3.

Detailed Description

The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings and examples.

The production method of the wheel steel rim comprises the following production procedures of blanking → rolling → flattening → welding → slag scraping → trimming → flaring → one time or multiple times of rolling → finishing → air tightness inspection → press mounting → combined welding → electrophoresis treatment, wherein an air blast cooling procedure is arranged between the slag scraping procedure and the trimming procedure, the air blast cooling procedure is to cool the welding seam area of the steel wheel to room temperature at the cooling rate of 20 ℃/s-120 ℃/s by blowing compressed air, and the cooling rate can be further preferably 30 ℃/s-90 ℃/s. Specifically, in the prior art, the rolling process is generally performed by three times of rolling.

The air-jet cooling process is arranged between the slag scraping process and the edge cutting process, ferrite transformation in the interval is completed, pearlite is basically transformed, residual austenite which is not transformed completely is transformed into acicular ferrite and fine lamellar pearlite, and then compressed air is blown to rapidly cool a welding area, so that the problem of softening of the welding area after the high-strength wheel steel is subjected to flash welding can be solved, and the defect of thinning of the welding line area in the deformation process can be avoided. In order to control the initial working condition of the air-jet cooling, the air-jet cooling initial temperature can be monitored, and specifically, in the air-jet cooling procedure, the initial temperature of a steel wheel welding line area is 600-980 ℃ when compressed air starts to be blown.

In order to improve the production efficiency and enable the air-jet cooling process to be simple and easy, as shown in fig. 1, the air-jet device applied to the air-jet cooling process comprises an air-jet device 1, wherein the air-jet device 1 is a closed container with a horizontally arranged bottom plate, and the bottom plate of the container is provided with uniformly arranged small holes as air-jet holes; the air blower 1 is arranged in the area between the slag scraping station and the edge cutting station through the frame 2, and a blowing station is arranged right below the air blower 1; when the air injection cooling is carried out, the steel wheel 3 enters the injection station in a state that the welding seam area faces upwards, and after the air injection cooling is finished, the steel wheel 3 is conveyed to the edge cutting station. In order to effectively ensure the blowing effect and realize the uniform cooling of a welding seam area, the parameters of the blowing device are preferably designed to be that the length of a bottom plate of the container is 300-420 mm, the width of the bottom plate is 30-60 mm, the diameter of small holes on the bottom plate of the container is 2-5 mm, and the distance between the small holes is 5-15 mm; when the air is sprayed and cooled, the air pressure of the compressed air inlet is 0.3MPa-0.6 MPa.

In the production process of the steel wheel, the steel wheel is generally conveyed by a conveyor belt and a roller wheel in a matching way. The air spraying device is arranged on a transmission line between the slag scraping and the edge cutting procedures, and the air sprayer 1 sprays air downwards so as to realize the rapid and uniform cooling of the welding area of the steel wheel. The method can be implemented by slightly modifying the existing wheel steel production line, the investment cost is low, and the air-jet cooling process and the device are simple and easy to implement.