阅读说明：本技术 全自动液压榨油机液压控制系统及控制方法 (Hydraulic control system and control method for full-automatic hydraulic oil press ) 是由 余楚华 杨学华 于 2019-11-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种全自动液压榨油机液压控制系统及控制方法,液压站的液压泵出口与第一切换阀连接,第一切换阀通过管路分别与第一换向阀和第二换向阀连接；第二换向阀通过管路与提升液压缸用于提升的腔体连接,第二换向阀与第一切换阀之间的管路上设有用于溢流的管路,该溢流的管路上设有第二溢流阀,第二换向阀上设有用于回油的管路；第一换向阀通过两条管路分别与主液压缸的两端腔体连接,第一换向阀上设有用于回油的管路；液压泵的出口设有第一溢流阀。通过采用上述的方案,能够实现立式榨油机的全自动榨油操作。大幅减少操作人员的机械劳动,提高生产效率,尤其适合组成自动化生产线。(The invention provides a hydraulic control system and a hydraulic control method for a full-automatic hydraulic oil press.A hydraulic pump outlet of a hydraulic station is connected with a first switching valve, and the first switching valve is respectively connected with a first reversing valve and a second reversing valve through pipelines; the second reversing valve is connected with a cavity for lifting the lifting hydraulic cylinder through a pipeline, a pipeline for overflowing is arranged on the pipeline between the second reversing valve and the first reversing valve, a second overflow valve is arranged on the overflowing pipeline, and a pipeline for returning oil is arranged on the second reversing valve; the first reversing valve is respectively connected with the two end cavities of the main hydraulic cylinder through two pipelines, and the first reversing valve is provided with a pipeline for returning oil; and a first overflow valve is arranged at the outlet of the hydraulic pump. By adopting the scheme, the full-automatic oil pressing operation of the vertical oil press can be realized. Greatly reduces the mechanical labor of operators, improves the production efficiency and is particularly suitable for forming an automatic production line.)

1. The utility model provides a full-automatic hydraulic oil press hydraulic control system which characterized by: an outlet of a hydraulic pump (12) of the hydraulic station (8) is connected with a first switching valve (13), and the first switching valve (13) is respectively connected with a first reversing valve (14) and a second reversing valve (15) through pipelines;

the second reversing valve (15) is connected with a cavity for lifting of the lifting hydraulic cylinder (3) through a pipeline, a pipeline for overflowing is arranged on the pipeline between the second reversing valve (15) and the first reversing valve (13), a second overflow valve (17) is arranged on the overflowing pipeline, and a pipeline for returning oil is arranged on the second reversing valve (15);

the first reversing valve (14) is respectively connected with the cavities at the two ends of the main hydraulic cylinder (5) through two pipelines, and the first reversing valve (14) is provided with a pipeline for returning oil;

the outlet of the hydraulic pump (12) is provided with a first overflow valve (16).

2. The hydraulic control system of the full-automatic hydraulic oil press according to claim 1, wherein: the overflow pressure of the first overflow valve (16) is greater than that of the second overflow valve (17).

3. The hydraulic control system of the full-automatic hydraulic oil press according to claim 1, wherein: the first switching valve (13) is a 2-position switching valve;

the first reversing valve (14) and the second reversing valve (15) are three-position valves, one position is straight, the other position is reversed, and the middle position is cut off.

4. The hydraulic control system of the full-automatic hydraulic oil press according to claim 3, wherein: a squeezing pipeline (39) between the first reversing valve (14) and the main hydraulic cylinder (5) is also connected with an overflow pipeline, and a second switching valve (20) and a third overflow valve (18) are sequentially arranged on the overflow pipeline along an overflow path;

the second switching valve (20) is a two-position valve and is respectively a cut-off position and a conducting position;

the relief pressure of the third relief valve (18) is lower than the relief pressure of the first relief valve (16).

5. The hydraulic control system of the full-automatic hydraulic oil press according to claim 4, wherein: a first flow sensor (24) is arranged at an overflow port of the second overflow valve (17);

a second flow sensor (25) is arranged at an overflow port of the first overflow valve (16);

a third flow sensor (26) is provided at the overflow port of the third overflow valve (18).

6. The hydraulic control system of the full-automatic hydraulic oil press according to any one of claims 3 and 4, characterized in that: the second overflow valve (17), the first overflow valve (16) and the third overflow valve (18) are electrically connected with the input end of the PLC (36), or the first flow sensor (24), the second flow sensor (25) and the third flow sensor (26) are electrically connected with the input end of the PLC (36);

the output end of the PLC (36) is electrically connected with the motor (11) to control the starting, stopping and rotating speed of the motor (11);

the output end of the PLC (36) is electrically connected with the first switching valve (13), the first reversing valve (14), the second reversing valve (15) and the second switching valve (20).

7. The hydraulic control system of the full-automatic hydraulic oil press according to claim 6, wherein: the first switching valve (13) is a 3-position switching valve;

the first reversing valve (14) and the second reversing valve (15) are three-position valves, one position is straight, the other position is reversed, and the middle position is cut off;

the first switching valve (13) is also connected with a third switching valve (40) through a pipeline;

the third switching valve (40) is connected with the third reversing valve (21), the fourth reversing valve (22) and the fifth reversing valve (23) through pipelines, the third reversing valve (21), the fourth reversing valve (22) and the fifth reversing valve (23) are connected with an oil return pipe, pipelines for overflowing are arranged on the pipelines between the third switching valve (40) and the third reversing valve (21), between the fourth reversing valve (22) and between the fifth reversing valve (23), and a fourth overflow valve (19) is arranged on the overflowing pipeline;

the third reversing valve (21) is connected with the discharging driving cylinder (27);

the fourth reversing valve (22) is connected with a feed chute driving cylinder (28)

The fifth reversing valve (23) is connected with a flashboard driving cylinder (29);

the third reversing valve (21), the fourth reversing valve (22) and the fifth reversing valve (23) are three-position valves, one position is straight, the other position is reversed, and the middle position is cut off.

8. The hydraulic control system of the full-automatic hydraulic oil press according to claim 7, wherein: and a fourth flow sensor (37) is arranged at an overflow port of the fourth overflow valve (19).

9. The hydraulic control system of the full-automatic hydraulic oil press according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: the fourth overflow valve (19) or the fourth flow sensor (37) is electrically connected with the input end of the PLC (36), and the output end of the PLC (36) is electrically connected with the third reversing valve (21), the fourth reversing valve (22) and the fifth reversing valve (23).

10. An automatic control method using the hydraulic control system of the full-automatic hydraulic oil press according to claim 9, characterized by comprising the steps of:

s01, controlling the first switching valve (13) to supply oil to the first reversing valve (14), and switching the first reversing valve (14) to supply oil to a cavity below the main hydraulic cylinder (5) so as to lift the pressure head (7);

s02, the first switching valve (13) switches to supply oil to the third switching valve (40), the third switching valve (40) is opened, the fourth switching valve (22) is straight, a piston rod of the feed chute driving cylinder (28) extends out, the rotary feed chute (34) rotates to the position above the charging bucket (9), and the fourth switching valve (22) is in a stop position;

the fifth reversing valve (23) is directly communicated, so that a piston rod of the flashboard driving cylinder (29) extends out, and the flashboard is opened, so that the material to be squeezed enters the charging basket (9), and automatic feeding is realized;

s03, when the weight signal acquired by the weighing sensor (31) reaches a preset value, the fifth reversing valve (23) reverses to close the gate plate, the fourth reversing valve (22) reverses to enable the rotary feeding chute (34) to leave from the upper part of the charging bucket (9), and the feeding process is completed;

in the control process, the strokes of a feed chute driving cylinder (28) and a gate plate driving cylinder (29) are controlled through the acquired overflow signal of the fourth overflow valve (19);

s04, the first switching valve (13) switches to supply oil to the first switching valve (14), the second switching valve (20) is conducted, and the pressure head (7) of the main hydraulic cylinder (5) is pressed downwards;

s05, until the third overflow valve (18) overflows, acquiring an overflow signal, stopping the second switching valve (20), and continuously pressing down the pressure head (7) of the main hydraulic cylinder (5);

s06, until the first overflow valve (16) overflows, acquiring an overflow signal, reversing the first reversing valve (14), and lifting a pressure head (7) of the main hydraulic cylinder (5);

s07, the first switching valve (13) switches to supply oil to the second switching valve (15), so that the lifting hydraulic cylinder (3) lifts the charging basket (9) until the second overflow valve (17) overflows, an overflow signal is acquired, the second switching valve (15) also has a stop position, and the second switching valve (15) is switched to the stop position holding state;

s08, the first switching valve (13) switches to supply oil to the third switching valve (40), the third switching valve (21) is straight, a piston rod of the discharging driving cylinder (27) extends out to drive the oil receiving disc (10) to slide along the base sliding chute (33) until the oil receiving disc tilts under the action of gravity, the slag cake is discharged obliquely, and preferably, the slag cake falls onto the slag cake conveying belt (35) on one side and is conveyed to the next procedure for centralized processing;

s09, reversing by a third reversing valve (21), driving the oil receiving disc (10) to reset and slide along the base sliding groove (33) until the oil receiving disc returns to the horizontal state under the action of gravity, and completing the reset action of the discharged oil receiving disc (10); the whole unloading action is completed;

s10, the first switching valve (13) switches to supply oil to the second switching valve (15), the second switching valve (15) switches, so that the lifting hydraulic cylinder (3) can lower the charging bucket (9) to the oil receiving disc (10) to wait for the next squeezing operation;

the full-automatic control of feeding, prepressing, squeezing and discharging is realized through the steps.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of manufacturing of oil pressing equipment, in particular to a hydraulic control system and a control method of a full-automatic hydraulic oil press.

Background

Currently, most vertical hydraulic oil presses on the market are small-sized and manual, and there are relatively few fully automatic vertical hydraulic oil presses, such as a vertical high-efficiency oil press described in chinese patent document CN 207657241U and a hydraulic vertical oil press described in CN 102649320B. But the existing oil press is not convenient for taking out pressed cakes, and the labor intensity is higher. The existing hydraulic control usually adopts manual control, the operation of workers is easy to make mistakes, and the labor intensity is high, Chinese patent document CN203063145U discloses a disc type hydraulic vertical oil press which adopts a scheme of a high-low pressure overflow combination valve and a manual reversing valve to realize automatic control, but the high-low pressure overflow combination valve in the scheme is an unusual device, and the corresponding hydraulic control chart is not recorded in the document, so that the scheme is difficult to realize.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a hydraulic control system and a control method for a full-automatic hydraulic oil press, which can realize full-automatic oil press control of the hydraulic oil press, and can realize automatic feeding and discharging in a preferred scheme.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a hydraulic control system of a full-automatic hydraulic oil press is characterized in that an outlet of a hydraulic pump of a hydraulic station is connected with a first switching valve, and the first switching valve is respectively connected with a first reversing valve and a second reversing valve through pipelines;

the second reversing valve is connected with a cavity for lifting the lifting hydraulic cylinder through a pipeline, a pipeline for overflowing is arranged on the pipeline between the second reversing valve and the first reversing valve, a second overflow valve is arranged on the overflowing pipeline, and a pipeline for returning oil is arranged on the second reversing valve;

the first reversing valve is respectively connected with the two end cavities of the main hydraulic cylinder through two pipelines, and the first reversing valve is provided with a pipeline for returning oil;

and a first overflow valve is arranged at the outlet of the hydraulic pump.

In a preferred embodiment, the relief pressure of the first relief valve is greater than the relief pressure of the second relief valve.

In a preferred scheme, the first switching valve is a 2-position switching valve;

the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve are three-position valves, one position is straight, the other position is reversed, and the middle position is cut off.

In a preferred scheme, a squeezing pipeline between the first reversing valve and the main hydraulic cylinder is also connected with an overflow pipeline, and a second switching valve and a third overflow valve are sequentially arranged on the overflow pipeline along an overflow path;

the second switching valve is a two-position valve and is respectively a cut-off position and a conducting position;

the relief pressure of the third relief valve is smaller than that of the first relief valve.

In a preferable scheme, a first flow sensor is arranged at an overflow port of the second overflow valve;

a second flow sensor is arranged at an overflow port of the first overflow valve;

and a third flow sensor is arranged at an overflow port of the third overflow valve.

In a preferred scheme, the second overflow valve, the first overflow valve and the third overflow valve are electrically connected with the input end of the PLC, or the first flow sensor, the second flow sensor and the third flow sensor are electrically connected with the input end of the PLC;

the output end of the PLC is electrically connected with the motor so as to control the starting, stopping and rotating speed of the motor;

the output end of the PLC is electrically connected with the first switching valve, the first reversing valve, the second reversing valve and the second switching valve.

In a preferred scheme, the first switching valve is a 3-position switching valve;

the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve are three-position valves, one position is straight, the other position is reversed, and the middle position is cut off;

the first switching valve is also connected with a third switching valve through a pipeline;

the third switching valve is connected with a third reversing valve, a fourth reversing valve and a fifth reversing valve through pipelines, the third reversing valve, the fourth reversing valve and the fifth reversing valve are connected with an oil return pipe, pipelines for overflowing are arranged on the pipelines between the third switching valve and the third reversing valve as well as between the fourth reversing valve and the fifth reversing valve, and a fourth overflow valve is arranged on the overflowing pipeline;

the third reversing valve is connected with the discharging driving cylinder;

the fourth reversing valve is connected with the feed chute driving cylinder

The fifth reversing valve is connected with the flashboard driving cylinder;

the third reversing valve, the fourth reversing valve and the fifth reversing valve are all three-position valves, one position is straight, the other position is reversed, and the middle position is cut off.

In a preferred scheme, a fourth flow sensor is arranged at an overflow port of the fourth overflow valve.

In a preferable scheme, the fourth overflow valve or the fourth flow sensor is electrically connected with the input end of the PLC, and the output end of the PLC is electrically connected with the third reversing valve, the fourth reversing valve and the fifth reversing valve.

An automatic control method adopting the hydraulic control system of the full-automatic hydraulic oil press comprises the following steps:

s01, controlling the first switching valve to supply oil to the first switching valve, and switching the first switching valve to supply oil to the cavity below the main hydraulic cylinder so as to lift the pressure head;

s02, the first switching valve switches to supply oil to the third switching valve, the third switching valve is opened, the fourth switching valve is directly communicated, a piston rod of a feed chute driving cylinder extends out, so that the rotary feed chute rotates to the position above the charging bucket, and the fourth switching valve reaches a cut-off position;

a fifth reversing valve is directly connected, so that a piston rod of the flashboard driving cylinder extends out, and the flashboard is opened, so that the material to be squeezed enters the charging bucket, and automatic feeding is realized;

s03, when the weight signal acquired by the weighing sensor reaches a preset value, reversing the fifth reversing valve to close the gate plate, and reversing the fourth reversing valve to enable the rotary feeding chute to leave from the upper part of the charging bucket, so that the feeding process is completed;

in the control process, the strokes of the feed chute driving cylinder and the flashboard driving cylinder are controlled through the acquired overflow signal of the fourth overflow valve;

s04, the first switching valve switches to supply oil to the first switching valve, the second switching valve is conducted, and a pressure head of the main hydraulic cylinder is pressed down;

s05, until the third overflow valve overflows, acquiring an overflow signal to stop the second switching valve, and continuously pressing down the pressure head of the main hydraulic cylinder;

s06, until the first overflow valve overflows, acquiring an overflow signal, reversing the first reversing valve, and lifting a pressure head of the main hydraulic cylinder;

s07, the first switching valve switches to supply oil to the second switching valve, so that the lifting hydraulic cylinder lifts the charging basket until the second overflow valve overflows, an overflow signal is acquired, the second switching valve also has a stop position, and the second switching valve is switched to the stop position holding state;

s08, the first switching valve switches to supply oil to the third switching valve, the third switching valve is straight, a piston rod of the discharging driving cylinder extends out to drive the oil receiving disc to slide along the base sliding chute until the oil receiving disc inclines under the action of gravity, the slag cake is discharged in an inclined mode, and preferably, the slag cake falls onto a slag cake conveying belt on one side and is conveyed to the next procedure for centralized processing;

s09, reversing by a third reversing valve, driving the oil receiving disc to reset and slide along the base sliding groove until the oil receiving disc returns to the horizontal state under the action of gravity, and completing the resetting action of the unloaded oil receiving disc; the whole unloading action is completed;

s10, the first switching valve switches to supply oil to the second switching valve, the second switching valve switches to enable the lifting hydraulic cylinder to lower the charging bucket to the oil receiving disc, and the next squeezing operation is waited;

the full-automatic control of feeding, prepressing, squeezing and discharging is realized through the steps.

By adopting the scheme, the hydraulic control system and the control method of the full-automatic hydraulic oil press can realize the full-automatic oil pressing operation of the vertical oil press. In the preferred scheme, the branch circuit where the second switching valve and the third overflow valve are arranged realizes automatic switching between automatic pre-pressing and automatic oil pressing modes by setting different pressures. The flow sensor can accurately judge the overflow signal, avoid misjudgment, is not influenced by sealing and pressure-resistant requirements, and has low cost and high reliability. The third reversing valve, the fourth reversing valve and the fifth reversing valve are matched with the third switching valve and the fourth overflow valve, so that automatic feeding and automatic discharging can be realized. The hydraulic control system and the control method of the full-automatic hydraulic oil press can realize automatic oil pressing production, greatly reduce the mechanical labor of operators, improve the production efficiency, and are particularly suitable for forming an automatic production line.

Drawings

The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

fig. 1 is a hydraulic control schematic of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a front view of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a front view of the present invention with a feeding device.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the discharging driving cylinder in the invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of the discharging cylinder in the discharging operation of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a top view of the present invention with a discharge device.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an automatic control structure according to the present invention.

In the figure: the device comprises a frame 1, a boom 2, a lifting hydraulic cylinder 3, a boom 4, a main hydraulic cylinder 5, a touch screen 6, a pressure head 7, a hydraulic station 8, a charging basket 9, an oil receiving pan 10, a motor 11, a hydraulic pump 12, a first switching valve 13, a first reversing valve 14, a second reversing valve 15, a first overflow valve 16, a second overflow valve 17, a third overflow valve 18, a fourth overflow valve 19, a second switching valve 20, a third reversing valve 21, a fourth reversing valve 22, a fifth reversing valve 23, a first flow sensor 24, a second flow sensor 25, a third flow sensor 26, a discharging driving cylinder 27, a feeding chute driving cylinder 28, a gate plate driving cylinder 29, a weighing hopper 30, a weighing sensor 31, a rotary material opening 32, a base sliding chute 33, a limiting block 331, a rotary feeding chute 34, a slag cake conveyer belt 35, a PLC36, a fourth flow sensor 37, a support 38, a squeezing pipeline 39 and a third switching valve 40.

Detailed Description