阅读说明：本技术 一种火炮长管类零件自由重力回火支架 (Free gravity tempering support for long-tube parts of artillery ) 是由 李大光 刘炳鑫 李娟� 王耀武 黑玉龙 罗宏松 冯彩霞 付航 刘德胜 陈建新 于 2021-08-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种火炮长管类零件自由重力回火支架,属于火炮零件加工技术领域。它包括底座、导杆、导套、盖板、浮动套、V型铁和蝶形弹簧,底座上平面的中心处螺纹固定连接着导杆,导杆的外部间隙配合的套有蝶形弹簧；浮动套内部下方的凹形圆环槽间隙配合的穿过蝶形弹簧,导套间隙配合的穿过浮动套下方的外圆环；圆环形的盖板间隙配合的穿过浮动套的圆柱体,盖板通过螺栓与导套顶部外圆环固定连接；浮动套的内部中心上方螺纹连接有一垂直方向的螺杆,螺杆顶部连接有V型铁,浮动套的右侧内部固定连接有一螺钉B,螺钉B的前端部顶紧螺杆的键槽处,浮动套的顶部固定连接螺母。本发明减少了长管、长轴类零件采用台式炉回火时重力对工件的变形影响。(The invention discloses a free gravity tempering support for long-tube parts of an artillery, and belongs to the technical field of artillery part machining. The guide rod is fixedly connected to the center of the upper plane of the base through threads, and the butterfly spring is sleeved outside the guide rod in a clearance fit manner; the concave circular groove at the lower part inside the floating sleeve passes through the belleville spring in a clearance fit manner, and the guide sleeve passes through the outer circular ring at the lower part of the floating sleeve in a clearance fit manner; the circular cover plate is in clearance fit with the cylinder penetrating through the floating sleeve and is fixedly connected with the outer circular ring at the top of the guide sleeve through a bolt; the top of the center of the inner portion of the floating sleeve is in threaded connection with a vertical screw rod, the top of the screw rod is connected with V-shaped iron, the right side of the floating sleeve is fixedly connected with a screw B, the front end portion of the screw B tightly pushes against a key groove of the screw rod, and the top of the floating sleeve is fixedly connected with a nut. The invention reduces the deformation influence of gravity on the workpiece when long pipe and long shaft parts are tempered by a table furnace.)

1. The utility model provides a artillery long tube class part free gravity tempering support, includes base (1), guide arm (2), guide pin bushing (3), apron (4), cover (5), V type iron (9) and dish spring (13) float, its characterized in that: the center of the upper plane of the base (1) is fixedly connected with a guide rod (2) in the vertical direction through threads, and a butterfly spring (13) is sleeved outside the guide rod (2) in a clearance fit manner; the concave circular groove at the lower part inside the floating sleeve (5) penetrates through the belleville spring (13) in a clearance fit manner and abuts against the upper plane of the top of the belleville spring (13), the guide sleeve (3) with the I-shaped section penetrates through the outer circular ring at the lower part of the floating sleeve (5) in a clearance fit manner, and the outer circular ring at the bottom of the guide sleeve (3) is fixedly connected with the base (1) through a bolt; the circular cover plate (4) penetrates through the cylinder of the floating sleeve (5) in a clearance fit manner and is positioned above the outer ring at the bottom of the floating sleeve (5) and the outer ring at the top of the guide sleeve (3), and the cover plate (4) is fixedly connected with the outer ring at the top of the guide sleeve (3) through bolts; the upper portion of the center of the interior of the floating sleeve (5) is in threaded connection with a screw rod (8) in the vertical direction, the top of the screw rod (8) is connected with a V-shaped iron (9) and fixed by a screw A (10), the interior of the right side of the floating sleeve (5) is fixedly connected with a screw B (11) in the horizontal direction, the front end portion of the screw B (11) abuts against a key groove (801) of the screw rod (8), and the top of the floating sleeve (5) is fixedly connected with a nut (7) with a T-shaped section.

2. The free gravity tempering support for long tube parts of artillery according to claim 1, characterized in that: an annular reticle (12) is arranged outside the left side of the floating sleeve (5).

3. The free gravity tempering support for long tube parts of artillery according to claim 1, characterized in that: the front end and the rear end of the floating sleeve (5) are fixedly connected with a longitudinal hoisting screw (6).

4. The free gravity tempering support for long tube parts of artillery according to claim 1, characterized in that: the disc spring (13) adopts a model of 90 multiplied by 46 multiplied by 5 multiplied by 7.

5. The free gravity tempering support for long tube parts of artillery according to claim 1, characterized in that: around the guide sleeve (3), a plurality of adjusting bolts (101) are connected in the base (1) through threads.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a free gravity tempering support for long-tube parts of an artillery, belonging to the technical field of artillery part processing.

Background

When a certain artillery long pipe part needs to be tempered, because a table tempering furnace is adopted, in the tempering process, a workpiece needs to be transversely placed, the gravity direction of the workpiece is perpendicular to the axis, and meanwhile, the tempering heat preservation time of the workpiece is long, and in the process, the workpiece can deform in the gravity direction to a certain extent. The existing adopted solution is that two supporting points are arranged at the middle section of a workpiece, an operator puts a sizing block under the supporting points during charging and adopts a wedge-shaped iron block to tighten, and the method has the defects that the supporting force is completely controlled by the operator according to the working experience and cannot be quantified, and when the supporting force is small, the influence of gravity still exists; if the supporting force is too large, a force opposite to the direction of gravity is generated, and the deformation of the workpiece can still be influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the free gravity tempering support for the long-tube parts of the artillery, the device is suitable for the processing process of the long-tube parts of the artillery, is convenient and practical, reduces the deformation influence of the gravity on the workpiece when the long-tube and long-shaft parts adopt the table furnace for tempering, and can offset the supporting force and the gravity through controllable elastic support so as to make up the defect of the deformation of the workpiece when the table furnace is tempered; meanwhile, under special conditions, the size of the supporting force can be adjusted, so that the inward bending direction of the workpiece is changed.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a free gravity tempering support for long-tube parts of artillery comprises a base, a guide rod, a guide sleeve, a cover plate, a floating sleeve, V-shaped iron and a belleville spring.

A guide rod in the vertical direction is fixedly connected to the center of the upper plane of the base through threads, and a butterfly spring is sleeved outside the guide rod in a clearance fit manner; the concave circular groove at the lower part inside the floating sleeve penetrates through the belleville spring in a clearance fit manner and abuts against the upper plane of the top of the belleville spring, the guide sleeve with an I-shaped section penetrates through the outer circular ring at the lower part of the floating sleeve in a clearance fit manner, and the outer circular ring at the bottom of the guide sleeve is fixedly connected with the base through a bolt; the circular cover plate penetrates through the cylinder of the floating sleeve in a clearance fit manner and is positioned above the bottom outer ring of the floating sleeve and the outer circular ring at the top of the guide sleeve, and the cover plate is fixedly connected with the outer circular ring at the top of the guide sleeve through a bolt; the upper part of the center of the inner part of the floating sleeve is in threaded connection with a screw rod in the vertical direction, the top of the screw rod is connected with a V-shaped iron and fixed by a screw A, the inner part of the right side of the floating sleeve is fixedly connected with a screw B in the horizontal direction, the front end part of the screw B tightly props against the key groove of the screw rod, and the top of the floating sleeve is fixedly connected with a nut with a T-shaped section.

An annular scribed line is arranged outside the left side of the floating sleeve; the front end and the rear end of the floating sleeve are fixedly connected with a longitudinal hoisting screw; the belleville spring is of a model of 90 multiplied by 46 multiplied by 5 multiplied by 7; around the guide sleeve, a plurality of adjusting bolts are connected with the base through threads.

When the tool is used, four tempering supports are adopted during tempering of each workpiece, the workpiece is uniformly divided into four sections, the center of gravity of each section is supported, the structure and the manufacturability of the tool are fully considered, a disc spring with the model number of 90 multiplied by 46 multiplied by 5 multiplied by 7 is finally adopted, the supporting force is controlled through different compression amounts of the spring, the elastic support is realized, after calculation, the compression range of the disc spring is 5% -30%, and the disc spring is adopted to ensure the integral structure, and the total height is 98 mm; because the table top is not smooth enough, in order to ensure that the tempering support can be stably placed, an adjusting bolt is designed on the base; meanwhile, in order to ensure the economical efficiency of processing, the base adopts a split structure and is connected with the base and the guide sleeve by six bolts; the tempering support is guided in a guide rod mode, the gap between the guide rod and an inner hole of the belleville spring is 0.6mm, the hardness of the guide rod is 55-60 HRC, 20-steel carburizing and quenching are adopted, the movable part of the tempering support moves up and down in a sliding mode, when the tempering support is stressed, the floating sleeve can slide in the vertical direction along the guide sleeve, the annular scribed line outside the cylinder of the floating sleeve can display the compressed percentage of the belleville spring, the compression amount of the belleville spring can be adjusted through calculation, the size of the supporting force is further adjusted, the size of the supporting force is controlled according to the compression amount of the belleville spring, if a workpiece is slightly deformed in the direction of the tempering support, the supporting force can be properly reduced, and otherwise, the supporting force is increased; each supporting point of the tempered workpiece is supported by V-shaped iron, the axis of the workpiece is required to be horizontal when the workpiece is charged, the height adjusting range of the supporting frame is not less than 90mm through drawing and calculation, the maximum difference of 25% of the compression amount of a belleville spring in each tempering support after charging is considered, namely 98 multiplied by 25% =24.5mm, the height adjustment of a design screw is not less than 90+24.5=114.5mm, and the actual design adjusting range is 145 mm; the key groove is designed on the outer circle of the screw, the screw B and the key groove are used for guiding, the height is guaranteed to be adjusted, the direction of the V-shaped iron above the screw is unchanged, the screw is prevented from rotating when the height is adjusted, the screw and the nut are matched through rectangular threads, the screw can be lifted by 8mm when the nut rotates for a circle, and the nut and the screw are matched to adjust the height of the support; in order to facilitate hoisting, a special hoisting screw is further designed on the tempering support, and a process threaded hole is designed on the V-shaped iron, so that hoisting and unloading during assembling are facilitated.

The specific working mode is as follows: placing the brackets on the surface of a tempering furnace, adjusting the distance and the direction, calculating the compression amount of each tempering bracket belleville spring, adjusting the adjusting bolt on the bottom plate to ensure the stability of the tempering brackets, erecting the tempering workpiece on the tempering brackets to ensure that each tempering bracket is supported on the segmented gravity center of the workpiece, and rotating the nuts to compress the belleville springs to the theoretical value, wherein the gravity of the workpiece is the same as the supporting force; the elastic support is adopted, and the support force is equal to the gravity of the workpiece through calculation, so that the influence of the unbalance of the gravity and the support force on the bending of the workpiece in the tempering process of the table furnace is reduced.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention has reasonable design, convenient operation, safety and practicability, adopts elastic support, and enables the supporting force to be equal to the gravity of the workpiece through calculation, thereby reducing the influence of the unbalance of the gravity and the supporting force on the bending of the workpiece in the tempering process of the table furnace; the long-shaft and long-shaft parts are usually subjected to heat treatment by a pit-type tempering furnace, and the tempering support is a solution scheme that a table furnace replaces the pit-type furnace, so that the tempering deformation of the long-shaft and long-shaft parts is reduced; the quality of the workpiece is improved, the processing efficiency is also improved, a reference function is provided for deformation control of the shaft tube type part in the table furnace heat treatment, and the method has good practicability and economy.

Drawings

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the screw of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of fig. 2 taken along line a-a.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the nut of the present invention.

Reference numbers in the figures:

1. the device comprises a base 101, an adjusting bolt 2, a guide rod 3, a guide sleeve 4, a cover plate 5, a floating sleeve 6, a hoisting screw 7, a nut 8, a screw 801, a key groove 9, V-shaped iron 10, a screw A11, a screw B12, an annular groove 13 and a belleville spring.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1-4, a free gravity tempering support for long-tube parts of artillery comprises a base 1, a guide rod 2, a guide sleeve 3, a cover plate 4, a floating sleeve 5, a V-shaped iron 9 and a belleville spring 13, wherein the guide rod 2 in the vertical direction is fixedly connected to the center of the upper plane of the base 1 through a thread, and the belleville spring 13 is sleeved on the outer part of the guide rod 2 in a clearance fit manner; the concave circular groove at the lower part inside the floating sleeve 5 penetrates through the belleville spring 13 in a clearance fit manner and abuts against the upper plane of the top of the belleville spring 13, the guide sleeve 3 with the I-shaped section penetrates through the outer circular ring at the lower part of the floating sleeve 5 in a clearance fit manner, and the outer circular ring at the bottom of the guide sleeve 3 is fixedly connected with the base 1 through a bolt; the circular cover plate 4 penetrates through the cylinder of the floating sleeve 5 in a clearance fit manner and is positioned above the outer ring at the bottom of the floating sleeve 5 and the outer ring at the top of the guide sleeve 3, and the cover plate 4 is fixedly connected with the outer ring at the top of the guide sleeve 3 through bolts; a screw 8 in the vertical direction is in threaded connection with the upper portion of the center of the floating sleeve 5, a V-shaped iron 9 is connected to the top of the screw 8 and fixed by a screw A10, a screw B11 in the horizontal direction is fixedly connected to the inside of the right side of the floating sleeve 5, the front end portion of the screw B11 abuts against a key groove 801 of the screw 8, and a nut 7 with a T-shaped section is fixedly connected to the top of the floating sleeve 5.

An annular scribed line 12 is arranged outside the left side of the floating sleeve 5; the front end and the rear end of the floating sleeve 5 are fixedly connected with a longitudinal hoisting screw 6; the belleville spring 13 is of a model of 90 multiplied by 46 multiplied by 5 multiplied by 7; around the guide sleeve 3, a plurality of adjusting bolts 101 are connected in the base 1 by screw threads.

When the tool is used, four tempering supports are adopted during tempering of each workpiece, the workpiece is uniformly divided into 4 sections, the gravity center of each section is supported, the structure and the manufacturability of the tool are fully considered, the butterfly spring 13 with the model of 90 multiplied by 46 multiplied by 5 multiplied by 7 is finally adopted, the supporting force is controlled through different compression amounts of the spring, the elastic support is realized, after calculation, the compression range of the butterfly spring 13 is 5% -30%, 7 pairs of butterfly springs are adopted to ensure the integral structure, and the total height is 98 mm; because the table top is not smooth enough, in order to ensure that the tempering support can be stably placed, the base 1 is provided with an adjusting bolt 101; meanwhile, in order to ensure the economical efficiency of processing, the base 1 adopts a split structure, and the base 1 and the guide sleeve 3 are connected by six bolts; the tempering support adopts guide of a guide rod 2 form, the gap between the guide rod 2 and an inner hole of a belleville spring 13 is 0.6mm, the hardness of the guide rod 2 is 55-60 HRC, 20-steel carburizing and quenching are adopted, the movable part of the tempering support moves up and down in a sliding form, when the tempering support is stressed, a floating sleeve 5 can slide along a guide sleeve 3 in the vertical direction, an annular groove 12 outside a cylinder of the floating sleeve 5 can display the compressed percentage of the belleville spring 13, the compression amount of the belleville spring 13 can be adjusted through calculation, the size of the supporting force is further adjusted, the size of the supporting force is controlled according to the compression amount of the belleville spring 13, if a workpiece is required to be slightly deformed towards the tempering support, the supporting force can be properly reduced, otherwise, the supporting force is increased; each supporting point of the tempered workpiece is supported by V-shaped iron 9, the axis of the workpiece is required to be horizontal when the workpiece is charged, through drawing and calculation, the height adjustment range of the supporting frame is not less than 90mm, the maximum difference of 25% of the compression amount of the belleville spring 13 in each tempering support after charging is considered, namely 98 multiplied by 25% =24.5mm, the height adjustment of the design screw 8 is not less than 90+24.5=114.5mm, and the actual design adjustment range is 145 mm; a key groove 801 is designed on the outer circle of the screw 8, and the screw B11 and the key groove 801 are used for guiding, so that the direction of the V-shaped iron 9 above the screw is unchanged while the height is adjusted, the screw 8 is prevented from rotating when the height is adjusted, the screw 8 and the nut 7 are matched by rectangular threads, the nut 7 rotates for a circle, the screw 8 can be lifted by 8mm, and the nut 7 and the screw 8 are matched for adjusting the height of the support; in order to facilitate hoisting, a special hoisting screw 6 is further designed on the tempering support, and a process threaded hole is designed on the V-shaped iron 9, so that hoisting and unloading during assembling are facilitated.

The specific working mode is as follows: placing the brackets on the surface of a tempering furnace, adjusting the distance and the direction, calculating the compression amount of each tempering bracket belleville spring 13, adjusting bolts 101 on the bottom plate 1 to ensure the stability of the tempering brackets, erecting the tempering workpiece on the tempering brackets to ensure that each tempering bracket is supported on the sectional gravity center of the workpiece, and rotating the nuts 7 to compress the belleville springs 13 to the theoretical value, wherein the gravity of the workpiece is the same as the supporting force; the elastic support is adopted, and the support force is equal to the gravity of the workpiece through calculation, so that the influence of the unbalance of the gravity and the support force on the bending of the workpiece in the tempering process of the table furnace is reduced.