阅读说明：本技术 一种高选择性制备β-氨基丙酸的方法 (Method for preparing beta-aminopropionic acid with high selectivity ) 是由 李胜勇 孔令晓 张涛 于 2021-07-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种由丙烯酸制备β-氨基丙酸的方法。包括以下步骤：在釜式反应器中,丙烯酸和氨水在催化剂与配体存在的条件下发生反应,之后反应液经脱氨、浓缩、结晶处理,制备β-氨基丙酸；其中所述催化剂为过渡金属无机盐,所述配体为吡啶类配体。本发明具有产物选择性好、收率高、纯化方便、工艺条件温和等优点。经实验,所述催化剂和配体引入后,丙烯酸转化率大于99％,反应的单程产品收率大幅提高至82％,后期纯化难度大大降低,母液可实现循环套用,循环收率大于95％。(The invention discloses a method for preparing beta-aminopropionic acid from acrylic acid. The method comprises the following steps: in a kettle type reactor, acrylic acid and ammonia water react in the presence of a catalyst and a ligand, and then reaction liquid is subjected to deamination, concentration and crystallization treatment to prepare beta-aminopropionic acid; wherein the catalyst is transition metal inorganic salt, and the ligand is pyridine ligand. The invention has the advantages of good product selectivity, high yield, convenient purification, mild process conditions and the like. Experiments show that after the catalyst and the ligand are introduced, the conversion rate of acrylic acid is more than 99%, the one-way product yield of the reaction is greatly improved to 82%, the difficulty of later purification is greatly reduced, the mother solution can be recycled, and the recycling yield is more than 95%.)

1. A process for preparing beta-aminopropionic acid, comprising: reacting acrylic acid and ammonia in the presence of a catalyst and a ligand, and then carrying out post-treatment on a reaction solution to obtain beta-aminopropionic acid;

wherein the catalyst is transition metal inorganic salt, and the ligand is pyridine ligand.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the catalyst comprises at least one of cobalt chloride, ferric chloride, nickel chloride, and copper chloride.

3. The process according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the catalyst is added in an amount of 1-30 mol%, preferably 5-15 mol%, based on acrylic acid.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the ligand comprises at least one of 5-carboxy-2, 2 ' -bipyridine, 5 ' -dicarboxy-2, 2 ' -bipyridine, and 4,4 ' -dicarboxy-2, 2 ' -bipyridine.

5. A process according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the ligand is added in an amount of 5 to 30 mol%, preferably 10 to 15 mol%, based on acrylic acid.

6. The process according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the ammonia is 15 to 35% by mass aqueous ammonia, and the molar ratio of acrylic acid to ammonia is 1:5 to 15, preferably 1:7 to 10.

7. The process according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the reaction temperature is from 80 to 130 ℃.

8. The method of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the reaction gauge pressure is from 1 to 2 MPa.

9. The process according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the reaction time is from 0.5 to 3 hours.

10. The method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the post-treatment comprises deaminizing the reaction solution, concentrating the reaction solution to a syrup state by reduced pressure distillation, adding methanol 5 to 10 times the mass of acrylic acid, stirring, cooling for crystallization, suction filtering, and drying.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of chemistry, and particularly relates to a preparation method of beta-aminopropionic acid.

Background

Beta-aminopropionic acid, as a unique beta-amino acid in the natural world, is mainly used as a key intermediate for synthesizing calcium pantothenate (vitamin B5), and has wide application in the fields of medicines, foods and the like, thereby having good market prospect. The existing methods for producing beta-aminopropionic acid mainly comprise an acrylonitrile ammonification hydrolysis method, an enzyme method and an acrylic acid ammonification method. Among them, the acrylonitrile method has a long route, and is accompanied by the generation of a large amount of inorganic salts after hydrolysis, and purification is difficult. The enzyme method mainly takes L-aspartic acid as a raw material, and the L-aspartic acid is generated by catalysis of L-aspartate decarboxylase, so that the production cost is high, and a large amount of wastewater is generated.

Patent CN101844992A reports that beta-aminopropionic acid is prepared by an acrylic acid ammoniation method, but the required conditions are harsh, the reaction time is as long as 10 hours, the final single-pass yield is low, and the final single-pass yield can only reach 73% after the acrylic acid ammoniation method is applied, so that the method is not beneficial to industrialization in the later period. The patent CN108892621A adopts a microchannel reactor to carry out the reaction, and the final single-pass yield is still not high and can only reach 83 percent even after being used. In the preparation of beta-aminopropionic acid by the acrylic acid ammonification method, the once-through yield of the reaction is only 30-50 percent, and even if the reaction is used, the highest yield can only reach 83 percent. Lower yields and selectivities are detrimental to the large-scale use of this route.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a method for preparing beta-aminopropionic acid from acrylic acid. The method has the advantages of good product selectivity, high yield, convenient purification, mild process conditions and the like.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

in a kettle type reactor, acrylic acid and ammonia water react under the condition that a catalyst and a ligand exist, and then reaction liquid is subjected to deamination, concentration and crystallization treatment to obtain beta-aminopropionic acid.

The catalyst is transition metal inorganic salt, and the ligand is pyridine ligand.

The catalyst comprises at least one of cobalt chloride, ferric chloride, nickel chloride and copper chloride. The amount of catalyst added is from 1 to 30 mol%, preferably from 5 to 15 mol%, based on acrylic acid.

The ligand of the invention comprises at least one of 5-carboxyl-2, 2 ' -bipyridine, 5 ' -dicarboxy-2, 2 ' -bipyridine and 4,4 ' -dicarboxy-2, 2 ' -bipyridine. The amount of ligand added is 5 to 30 mol%, preferably 10 to 15 mol%, based on acrylic acid.

The mass fraction of the ammonia water is 15-35%, preferably 25-35%. The molar ratio of acrylic acid to ammonia is from 1:5 to 15, preferably from 1:7 to 10.

The reaction temperature of the invention is 80-130 ℃, the reaction pressure is 1-2MPa (gauge pressure), and the reaction time is 0.5-3 h.

After the reaction is finished, the reaction solution is deaminated, and then is decompressed, distilled and concentrated to syrup, methanol which is 5 to 10 times of the weight of the initial acrylic acid is added, and after stirring, the mixture is cooled, crystallized, filtered and dried to obtain the beta-aminopropionic acid.

The method has the beneficial effects that the introduction of the inorganic salt catalyst and the pyridine ligand enables the reaction conditions to be milder, greatly improves the reaction selectivity, and is more beneficial to the purification of the products at the later stage. Meanwhile, the overall yield is greatly improved after the crystallization mother liquor after reaction is reused. The detection shows that the conversion rate of acrylic acid is more than 99%, the one-way product yield of the reaction is improved to 82%, the mother liquor can be recycled, and the recycling yield is more than 95%.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

Example 1

Acrylic acid and 35 wt% aqueous ammonia were mixed in a molar ratio of acrylic acid: adding ammonia in a ratio of 1:7 into a reaction kettle, wherein the adding amount of cobalt chloride and 4,4 '-dicarboxy-2, 2' -bipyridyl is 5 mol% and 10 mol% of acrylic acid respectively, sealing the reaction kettle, controlling the reaction temperature at 80 ℃ and the pressure at 1.0MPa, and reacting at constant temperature for 3 hours. After the reaction is finished, sampling and detecting that the conversion rate of acrylic acid is more than 99%, absorbing excessive ammonia by using an ammonia absorption pump, then carrying out reduced pressure distillation and concentration until the reaction liquid is in a syrup state, and adding methanol which is 7 times of the weight of the initial acrylic acid. Stirring and refluxing for 1h at the temperature, and then cooling and crystallizing. And carrying out suction filtration and drying on the obtained crystals to obtain the beta-aminopropionic acid. The obtained crystallization mother liquor is circularly used after methanol is removed by distillation. Through detection, the purity of the obtained beta-aminopropionic acid is 98.6 percent, the yield is 69.2 percent, and the total yield after recycling is 95.1 percent.

Example 2

Acrylic acid and 35% aqueous ammonia were mixed in a molar ratio of acrylic acid: the ammonia is put into a reaction kettle according to the proportion of 1:10, the addition amounts of the cobalt chloride and the 4,4 '-dicarboxy-2, 2' -bipyridyl are respectively 9mol percent and 15mol percent of the acrylic acid, the reaction kettle is sealed, the reaction temperature is controlled at 130 ℃, the pressure is controlled at 1.7MPa, and the constant temperature reaction is carried out for 0.5 h. After the reaction is finished, sampling and detecting that the conversion rate of acrylic acid is more than 99%, absorbing excessive ammonia by using an ammonia absorption pump, then carrying out reduced pressure distillation and concentration until the reaction liquid is in a syrup state, and adding methanol with the weight 8 times of that of the acrylic acid. Stirring and refluxing for 1h at the temperature, and then cooling and crystallizing. And carrying out suction filtration and drying on the obtained crystals to obtain the beta-aminopropionic acid. The obtained crystallization mother liquor is circularly used after methanol is removed by distillation. Through detection, the purity of the obtained beta-aminopropionic acid is 99.1 percent, the yield is 82.3 percent, and the total yield after recycling is 96.8 percent.

Example 3

Acrylic acid and 30% aqueous ammonia were mixed in a molar ratio of acrylic acid: adding ammonia in a ratio of 1:10 into a reaction kettle, wherein the adding amount of nickel chloride and 5,5 '-dicarboxy-2, 2' -bipyridyl is 8 mol% and 13 mol% of acrylic acid respectively, sealing the reaction kettle, controlling the reaction temperature at 120 ℃ and the pressure at 1.5MPa, and reacting at constant temperature for 1 h. After the reaction is finished, sampling and detecting that the conversion rate of acrylic acid is more than 99%, absorbing excessive ammonia by using an ammonia absorption pump, then carrying out reduced pressure distillation and concentration until the reaction liquid is in a syrup state, and adding methanol with the weight 9 times that of the acrylic acid. Stirring and refluxing for 1h at the temperature, and then cooling and crystallizing. And carrying out suction filtration and drying on the obtained crystals to obtain the beta-aminopropionic acid. The obtained crystallization mother liquor is circularly used after methanol is removed by distillation. The detection shows that the purity of the obtained beta-aminopropionic acid is 97.1 percent, the yield is 74.5 percent, and the total yield after recycling is 95.3 percent.

Example 4

Acrylic acid and aqueous ammonia having a concentration of 32% were mixed in a molar ratio of acrylic acid: adding ammonia in a ratio of 1:10 into a reaction kettle, wherein the adding amount of ferric chloride and 5,5 '-dicarboxy-2, 2' -bipyridyl is 10 mol% and 12 mol% of acrylic acid respectively, sealing the reaction kettle, controlling the reaction temperature at 130 ℃ and the pressure at 1.7MPa, and reacting at constant temperature for 2 hours. After the reaction is finished, sampling and detecting that the conversion rate of acrylic acid is more than 99%, absorbing excessive ammonia by using an ammonia absorption pump, then carrying out reduced pressure distillation and concentration until the reaction liquid is in a syrup state, and adding methanol with the weight 8 times of that of the acrylic acid. Stirring and refluxing for 1h at the temperature, and then cooling and crystallizing. And carrying out suction filtration and drying on the obtained crystals to obtain the beta-aminopropionic acid. The obtained crystallization mother liquor is circularly used after methanol is removed by distillation. The detection shows that the purity of the obtained beta-aminopropionic acid is 97.5 percent, the yield is 72.1 percent, and the total yield after recycling is 95.2 percent.

Comparative example:

acrylic acid and 35% aqueous ammonia were mixed in a molar ratio of acrylic acid: adding ammonia in a ratio of 1:10 into a reaction kettle, sealing the reaction kettle, controlling the reaction temperature at 130 ℃ and the pressure at 1.7MPa, and reacting at constant temperature for 5 hours. After the reaction was completed, the remaining ammonia was absorbed by an ammonia absorption pump, and then concentrated by distillation under reduced pressure until the reaction solution became a syrup, and methanol in an amount 8 times the weight of acrylic acid was added. Stirring and refluxing for 1h at the temperature, and then cooling and crystallizing. And carrying out suction filtration and drying on the obtained crystals to obtain the beta-aminopropionic acid. The obtained crystallization mother liquor is circularly used after methanol is removed by distillation. Through detection, the purity of the obtained beta-aminopropionic acid is 83.2 percent, the yield is 45 percent, and the total yield after recycling is 62 percent.

The above embodiments are not intended to limit the technical solutions of the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.