阅读说明：本技术 一种水陆两栖车的液压系统 (Hydraulic system of amphibious vehicle ) 是由 王裕学 石正鹏 侯伟 刘观涛 黄建华 杨浩 李澄顺 于 2021-08-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种水陆两栖车的液压系统,包括液压油箱以及多路履带驱动支路,每路履带驱动支路包括齿轮泵、控制阀、履带转动机构,所述液压油箱依次通过齿轮泵、控制阀后输出液压至履带转动机构,用于通过液压驱动履带转动机构带动履带转动,所述控制阀接收整车控制器的信号来打开关闭；所述齿轮泵与发动机连接,所述发动机输出动力带动齿轮泵转动。本发明的优点在于：采用液压系统来驱动履带的转动,安全可靠,同时以履带和车轮两种方式来提供整车运行动力,可以更好的适应各种负责的行驶工况；同时通过液压散热来实现对于液压的散热控制可以有效地控制油液的散热,保证油液液压系统的温度保持在安全位置。(The invention discloses a hydraulic system of an amphibious vehicle, which comprises a hydraulic oil tank and a plurality of track driving branches, wherein each track driving branch comprises a gear pump, a control valve and a track rotating mechanism, the hydraulic oil tank outputs hydraulic pressure to the track rotating mechanism after sequentially passing through the gear pump and the control valve, the hydraulic oil tank is used for driving the track rotating mechanism to drive the track to rotate through the hydraulic driving track rotating mechanism, and the control valve receives a signal of a vehicle controller to be opened and closed; the gear pump is connected with the engine, and the engine outputs power to drive the gear pump to rotate. The invention has the advantages that: the hydraulic system is adopted to drive the caterpillar tracks to rotate, safety and reliability are achieved, and meanwhile, the caterpillar tracks and the wheels are used for providing running power of the whole vehicle, so that the hydraulic caterpillar track and wheel system can be better suitable for various responsible running conditions; meanwhile, hydraulic heat dissipation control is achieved through hydraulic heat dissipation, so that heat dissipation of oil can be effectively controlled, and the temperature of an oil hydraulic system is kept at a safe position.)

1. A hydraulic system of an amphibious vehicle is characterized in that: the hydraulic oil tank outputs hydraulic pressure to the track rotating mechanism after sequentially passing through the gear pump and the control valve, the hydraulic oil tank is used for driving the track rotating mechanism to drive the track to rotate through the hydraulic drive track rotating mechanism, and the control valve receives a signal of a vehicle control unit to open and close; the gear pump is connected with the engine, and the engine outputs power to drive the gear pump to rotate.

2. A hydraulic system for an amphibious vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that: the track turning mechanism includes a hydraulic motor.

3. A hydraulic system for an amphibious vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that: the hydraulic system further comprises a hydraulic heat dissipation branch, the hydraulic heat dissipation branch comprises a fan motor, a plunger pump and a hydraulic oil radiator, the plunger pump is connected with a hydraulic oil tank to form an oil path, and the plunger pump is connected with the fan motor through a pipeline and used for driving the fan motor to rotate through oil pressure; the fan motor is used for driving the hydraulic oil radiator to work; the plunger pump is connected with the engine and is used for working according to the driving force of the engine.

4. A hydraulic system for an amphibious vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that: the hydraulic system also comprises a front wave plate pressing hydraulic branch, the front wave plate pressing hydraulic branch comprises a front wave plate pressing hydraulic cylinder, a front wave plate pressing gear pump and a front wave plate pressing control valve, and the hydraulic oil tank is sequentially connected with the front wave plate pressing gear pump, the front wave plate pressing control valve and the front wave plate pressing hydraulic cylinder through pipelines and is used for transmitting hydraulic pressure to the front wave plate pressing hydraulic cylinder; the vehicle control unit outputs a control signal to a front press wave plate control valve; the front press wave plate gear pump is connected with the engine and used for receiving the output drive of the engine to rotate.

5. A hydraulic system for an amphibious vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that: the hydraulic system further comprises crawler lifting control branches, and each crawler lifting control branch correspondingly controls the lifting control of one crawler.

6. An amphibious vehicle hydraulic system as claimed in claim 5, in which: the crawler lifting control branch comprises an oil-gas spring, a crawler lifting control pump and a crawler height-adjusting control valve, the oil-gas spring is used for lifting and putting down a crawler, the hydraulic oil tank outputs hydraulic power to the oil-gas spring through the crawler lifting control pump and the crawler height-adjusting control valve, and the crawler control pump is connected with the engine; and the output end of the vehicle control unit is connected with the track height-adjusting control valve.

7. An amphibious vehicle hydraulic system as claimed in any one of claims 1-6, characterised in that: the track heightening control valve comprises a speed regulating valve, an electromagnetic switch reversing valve, a one-way valve and/or an overflow valve.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of amphibious vehicle driving, in particular to a hydraulic system of a amphibious vehicle.

Background

The traditional amphibious vehicle adopts a wheel type system and a water jet propeller as transmission systems, and provides power support for the amphibious vehicle to run on water and land. Although the mode can also meet the requirements of amphibious driving, when the vehicle runs on mudflats at the intersection of a water path and on the ground with a soft supporting surface, the vehicle is driven by tires, and the rapid traffic capacity is poor, so that the mode of increasing the track wheels is realized, the rapid lifting capacity at the intersection of the water path is improved by the wheel-track combined type driving wheel to become a feasible mode, and the track driving wheel system has a complex structure and working principle, and the complexity of track transmission can be reduced by selecting a hydraulic system, but the scheme of a related hydraulic system is not available in the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a hydraulic system of a waterway amphibious vehicle, which is used for driving and controlling the transmission work of a track system additionally driven.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a hydraulic system of an amphibious vehicle comprises a hydraulic oil tank and a plurality of track driving branches, wherein each track driving branch comprises a gear pump, a control valve and a track rotating mechanism, the hydraulic oil tank outputs hydraulic pressure to the track rotating mechanism after sequentially passing through the gear pump and the control valve, the hydraulic oil tank is used for driving the track rotating mechanism to drive the track to rotate through the hydraulic driving track rotating mechanism, and the control valve receives a signal of a vehicle control unit to open and close; the gear pump is connected with the engine, and the engine outputs power to drive the gear pump to rotate.

The track turning mechanism includes a hydraulic motor.

The hydraulic system further comprises a hydraulic heat dissipation branch, the hydraulic heat dissipation branch comprises a fan motor, a plunger pump and a hydraulic oil radiator, the plunger pump is connected with a hydraulic oil tank to form an oil path, and the plunger pump is connected with the fan motor through a pipeline and used for driving the fan motor to rotate through oil pressure; the fan motor is used for driving the hydraulic oil radiator to work; the plunger pump is connected with the engine and is used for working according to the driving force of the engine.

The hydraulic system also comprises a front wave plate pressing hydraulic branch, the front wave plate pressing hydraulic branch comprises a front wave plate pressing hydraulic cylinder, a front wave plate pressing gear pump and a front wave plate pressing control valve, and the hydraulic oil tank is sequentially connected with the front wave plate pressing gear pump, the front wave plate pressing control valve and the front wave plate pressing hydraulic cylinder through pipelines and is used for transmitting hydraulic pressure to the front wave plate pressing hydraulic cylinder; the vehicle control unit outputs a control signal to a front press wave plate control valve; the front press wave plate gear pump is connected with the engine and used for receiving the output drive of the engine to rotate.

The hydraulic system further comprises crawler lifting control branches, and each crawler lifting control branch correspondingly controls the lifting control of one crawler.

The crawler lifting control branch comprises an oil-gas spring, a crawler lifting control pump and a crawler height-adjusting control valve, the oil-gas spring is used for lifting and putting down a crawler, the hydraulic oil tank outputs hydraulic power to the oil-gas spring through the crawler lifting control pump and the crawler height-adjusting control valve, and the crawler control pump is connected with the engine; and the output end of the vehicle control unit is connected with the track height-adjusting control valve.

The track heightening control valve comprises a speed regulating valve, an electromagnetic switch reversing valve, a one-way valve and/or an overflow valve.

The invention has the advantages that: the hydraulic system is adopted to drive the caterpillar tracks to rotate, safety and reliability are achieved, and meanwhile, the caterpillar tracks and the wheels are used for providing running power of the whole vehicle, so that the hydraulic caterpillar track and wheel system can be better suitable for various responsible running conditions; meanwhile, hydraulic heat dissipation control is achieved through hydraulic heat dissipation, so that heat dissipation of oil can be effectively controlled, and the temperature of an oil hydraulic system is kept at a safe position.

Drawings

The contents of the expressions in the various figures of the present specification and the labels in the figures are briefly described as follows:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a crawler hydraulic system in a whole vehicle;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the track hydraulic system of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a hydraulic schematic diagram of the commutator of the invention.

Detailed Description

The following description of preferred embodiments of the invention will be made in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The novel wheel-track combined type amphibious vehicle is additionally provided with a traveling mechanism of a track, and is used for increasing the stress surface and power by using the track in the environments such as waterway junctions and the like, so that the quick maneuvering capacity under some special environments is increased, a whole vehicle hydraulic control system is designed for realizing hydraulic drive control of the track, specifically, as shown in figures 1 and 2, the power output of an engine transmits kinetic energy to the track hydraulic system through an amphibious transfer case, and then the track hydraulic system drives the rotation control and the like of the track. The engine provides kinetic energy to the jet pump through the water-land transfer case to provide power for water running, and the engine is connected with the land transfer case through the gearbox to transmit torque to the front axle and the rear axle to drive wheels corresponding to the front axle and the rear axle to rotate, so that the wheels of the whole vehicle provide power. The crawler belt provides auxiliary power of the crawler belt on the basis, and the crawler belt works under special working conditions (such as land-water junction) to provide quick maneuvering of the whole vehicle to pass through the land-water junction.

As shown in fig. 2, a hydraulic system of an amphibious vehicle comprises a hydraulic oil tank and a plurality of track driving branches, wherein each track driving branch is used for driving a track to rotate, each track driving branch comprises a gear pump, a control valve and a track rotating mechanism, the hydraulic oil tank sequentially passes through the gear pumps, the control valves and then outputs hydraulic pressure to the track rotating mechanisms, the hydraulic oil tank is used for driving the tracks to rotate through the hydraulic driving track rotating mechanisms, the track rotating mechanisms can be achieved through hydraulic motors, the gear pumps are driven to rotate through engines, and the control valves receive signals of a vehicle controller to open, close and regulate flow. When the engine works, the engine drives the gear pump to rotate, so that oil pressure generated by the rotation of the gear pump is transmitted to the hydraulic motor of the crawler belt to drive the crawler belt to rotate, the whole vehicle controller can adjust the opening and closing and the opening angle of the control valve according to operation signals such as an accelerator, and the like, so that the rotation of the crawler belt is driven and controlled in an oil pressure mode.

In a preferred embodiment, the hydraulic system further comprises a hydraulic heat dissipation branch, the hydraulic heat dissipation branch comprises a fan motor, a plunger pump and a hydraulic oil radiator, the plunger pump is connected with the hydraulic oil tank to form an oil path, the plunger pump is connected with the fan motor through a pipeline and used for driving the fan motor to rotate through oil pressure, and the fan motor is a hydraulic motor; the fan motor is used for driving the hydraulic oil radiator to work; the plunger pump is connected to the engine for operation in accordance with a driving force of the engine. The hydraulic oil radiator is used for radiating oil in the oil tank body, so that the performance safety is not influenced by the fact that the temperature of the oil is not too high when the oil is radiated. As shown in fig. 2, since the engine drives the plunger pump to work through the amphibious transfer case, and the engine also needs to drive the gear pump to work, for convenience of arrangement, the plunger pump and the gear pump can be connected, and the plunger pump transmits mechanical force to drive the gear pump to rotate, so that the work of the gear pump is controlled.

In another preferred embodiment, the hydraulic system further comprises a front wave plate hydraulic branch, the front wave plate hydraulic branch comprises a front wave plate hydraulic control hydraulic cylinder, a front wave plate gear pump and a front wave plate control valve, and the hydraulic oil tank is sequentially connected with the front wave plate gear pump, the front wave plate control valve and the front wave plate hydraulic cylinder through pipelines and is used for transmitting hydraulic pressure to the front wave plate hydraulic cylinder; the vehicle control unit outputs a control signal to a front press wave plate control valve; the front press wave plate gear pump is connected with the engine and used for receiving the output drive of the engine to rotate. The front press plates need to be used when navigating on water to reduce the influence of water waves on travelling. The front wave pressing plate is hydraulically controlled, and the front wave pressing plate is turned over through the action of a hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulically driven front wave pressing plate, so that the control on the wave pressing plate is realized. As shown in fig. 2, the front surfboard controller may be shared with the control valve of the track control branch, and at this time, the control valve may be changed to a multi-channel input/output control valve, so that the rotation of the track may be controlled, and the turning of the front surfboard may be realized.

Furthermore, the hydraulic system also comprises crawler lifting control branches, and each crawler lifting control branch correspondingly controls the lifting control of one crawler. Because the track can provide supplementary walking as an auxiliary system in places such as land and water juncture, soft river beach, so can promote when not using and pack up, the track passes through hydro-pneumatic spring to be connected on the automobile body, thereby hydro-pneumatic spring can adjust the height through the oil pressure and adjust the track height. The crawler lifting control branch comprises an oil-gas spring, a crawler lifting control pump and a crawler height-adjusting control valve, the oil-gas spring is used for lifting and putting down a crawler, a hydraulic oil tank outputs hydraulic power to the oil-gas spring through the crawler lifting control pump and the crawler height-adjusting control valve, and the crawler control pump is connected with the engine; and the output end of the vehicle control unit is connected with the track heightening control valve. The height of the crawler belt is controlled by controlling the crawler belt height-adjusting control valve to control the hydraulic pressure to be transmitted to the hydro-pneumatic spring so as to control the lifting and descending of the hydro-pneumatic spring. Taking a left crawler belt and a right crawler belt of the vehicle as an example, the two crawler belts are respectively controlled by a control branch, when the whole vehicle works, the engine outputs power to the crawler belt lifting control pump, oil pumped by the oil is sent to the oil-gas spring through the crawler belt height-adjusting control valve, and therefore the oil-gas spring is controlled to drive the crawler belts to lift or descend. The output end of the vehicle control unit is connected with the track height-adjusting control valve and used for controlling the opening and closing of the valve body and flow limitation to control lifting and descending and maintain the corresponding height. Therefore, when the crawler is put into operation and does not work, the crawler can be lifted up or put down to work in a hydraulic mode.

The height-adjusting control valve block integrates four different types of valve members including a speed-adjusting valve, an electromagnetic switch type reversing valve, a one-way valve and an overflow valve, the flow-limiting, on-off, isolating and safety protection functions of suspension oil ways can be realized, and oil charging and discharging of four groups of oil-gas spring oil ways, namely, the left front oil-gas spring oil way, the left rear oil-gas spring oil way, the right front oil-gas spring oil way and the right rear oil-gas spring oil way, are realized through the on-off of four paths of electromagnetic reversing valves, so that the balance position of the oil-gas springs is controlled. The four points can be synchronously heightened and independently controlled, the continuous adjustment of the height of the frame can be realized, and the chassis can be ensured to run under the optimal height state under different loads. The height-adjusting controller is provided with a one-key type automatic height adjusting function, and can finish the quick adjustment of the height of the frame so as to realize the quick conversion between the road maneuvering and the railway transportation states.

Fig. 3 shows a hydraulic steering schematic diagram of the hydraulic system. The main pump of the steering hydraulic system is driven by an engine, and the emergency pump is driven by a transfer case. When the vehicle normally runs, the rotating speed of the main pump is high, the output flow is larger than the rated flow of the system, oil is supplied to the power-assisted steering cylinder through the flow stabilizing valve and the diverter distribution valve, so that the system normally works, and the oil provided by the emergency pump directly returns to the oil tank through the oil discharge port of the flow stabilizing valve.

When the vehicle turns at a low speed, and the output flow of the main pump is less than the minimum switching flow set by the flow stabilizing valve, the oil circuit of the emergency pump is automatically connected, so that the main pump and the emergency pump simultaneously supply oil to the system, and the system normally works. Especially when the engine is flamed out, as long as the vehicle still walks, the emergency pump can supply oil in time, and good maneuverability of the steering system is ensured.

It is clear that the specific implementation of the invention is not restricted to the above-described embodiments, but that various insubstantial modifications of the inventive process concept and technical solutions are within the scope of protection of the invention.