阅读说明：本技术 一种核电站钢制安全壳焊后消应力方法及装置 (Post-welding stress relief method and device for steel containment vessel of nuclear power station ) 是由 肖志威 曾凡勇 谢利平 朱称生 方一 刘军 高智能 洪春 张涛 于 2021-07-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种核电站钢制安全壳焊后消应力方法,包括以下步骤：对焊缝两侧区域进行应力测试,判断出需要进行消应力处理的高应力区域；在所述高应力区域布置高能声束调控装置,使所述高能声束调控装置的输出探头与所述高应力区域表面贴合,通过所述高能声束调控装置所述高应力区域输入超声波,消除所述高应力区域内部应力。本发明的有益效果：利用超声波的波动能量改变高应力区域原有的弹性位错结构,改变残余应力的分布状态,消除焊后残余应力,处理区域相比热处理大大降低,功率密度更低,无需如热处理一样进行整体加热或局部区域全部加热,节约处理时间；可针对性地对高应力区域进行残余应力消除。(The invention provides a post-welding stress relief method for a steel containment vessel of a nuclear power station, which comprises the following steps of: carrying out stress test on areas on two sides of the welding seam, and judging a high-stress area needing stress relief treatment; arranging a high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling device in the high-stress area, enabling an output probe of the high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling device to be attached to the surface of the high-stress area, and inputting ultrasonic waves into the high-stress area through the high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling device to eliminate the internal stress of the high-stress area. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the original elastic dislocation structure of the high stress area is changed by utilizing the fluctuation energy of ultrasonic waves, the distribution state of residual stress is changed, the residual stress after welding is eliminated, the processing area is greatly reduced compared with heat treatment, the power density is lower, integral heating or partial area complete heating is not needed as the heat treatment, and the processing time is saved; residual stress relief may be targeted for high stress areas.)

1. A post-welding stress relief method for a steel containment vessel of a nuclear power station is characterized by comprising the following steps:

carrying out stress test on areas on two sides of the welding seam, and judging a high-stress area needing stress relief treatment;

arranging a high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling device in the high-stress area, enabling an output probe of the high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling device to be attached to the surface of the high-stress area, and inputting ultrasonic waves into the high-stress area through the high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling device to eliminate the internal stress of the high-stress area.

2. The post-weld stress relief method for the steel containment vessel of the nuclear power plant as recited in claim 1, wherein: detecting stress inside the high stress area during the process of inputting ultrasonic waves to the high stress area, and stopping inputting the ultrasonic waves when the detected stress is less than a preset stress; otherwise, continuing to input the ultrasonic wave.

3. The post-weld stress relief method for the steel containment vessel of the nuclear power plant as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: when a plurality of high stress areas are judged, marking each high stress area; and high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling devices are uniformly arranged in each high-stress area, and ultrasonic waves are input into each high-stress area through each high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling device to eliminate internal stress.

4. The post-weld stress relief method for the steel containment vessel of the nuclear power plant as recited in claim 3, wherein: the high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling devices are respectively connected with a controller, and the controller is used for controlling the starting and stopping of the high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling devices, the power of the high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling devices and the time of outputting ultrasonic waves.

5. The post-weld stress relief method for the steel containment vessel of the nuclear power plant as recited in claim 1, wherein: before stress testing is carried out on the areas on the two sides of the welding seam, the two sides of the surface of the welding seam are cleaned, and an oxidation film and oil stains are removed.

6. The post-weld stress relief method for the steel containment vessel of the nuclear power plant as recited in claim 1, wherein: the high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling device is adsorbed to a high-stress area through a magnetic attraction tool.

7. The post-weld stress relief method for the steel containment vessel of the nuclear power plant as recited in claim 1, wherein: the front end of the output probe is provided with an arc vibrator, and the arc vibrator is attached to the surface of the high stress area.

8. The post-weld stress relief method for the steel containment vessel of the nuclear power plant as recited in claim 7, wherein: and a coupling agent is also coated between the arc vibrator and the surface joint of the high stress area.

9. The utility model provides a nuclear power station steel containment post-weld stress relief device which characterized in that includes:

each high-energy sound beam regulating device is provided with a fixing tool fixed with the surface of a high-stress area;

and the controller is connected with all the high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling devices and is used for controlling all the high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling devices to output ultrasonic waves to the interiors of high-stress areas respectively so as to eliminate stress.

10. The post-weld stress-relief placement of a nuclear power plant steel containment vessel of claim 9, comprising: the front end of an output probe of the high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling device is provided with an arc-shaped vibrator matched with the surface shape of a high-stress area.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of residual stress relief of welding, in particular to a post-welding stress relief method and a post-welding stress relief device for a steel containment vessel of a nuclear power station.

Background

A steel Containment Vessel (CV) is one of key devices for realizing passive functions of an AP/CAP series passive pressurized water reactor nuclear power station, and the design and construction of the Containment Vessel are standardized by an ASME boiler and a pressure Vessel. According to the NE coil table NE-4622.7(b) -1, the maximum wall thickness of the steel containment vessel free of post-weld heat treatment is 44.5mm, the wall thickness of the cylinder section of the CAP1400/CAP1700 steel containment vessel exceeds 44.5mm, and stress relief heat treatment is carried out after welding of the weld joint of the steel containment vessel according to the specification requirement, so that the residual stress of the welded joint is released, and the structure size is stabilized.

The steel containment cylinder body has larger size, the integral heat treatment method cannot be adopted on site, and the crawler-type heating sheet adopts a local heat treatment mode for the whole welding seam (the whole circumferential seam is subjected to one-time heat treatment), so that the power consumption is high, and the site implementation difficulty is high.

The existing seam welding stress relief heat treatment also comprises the following steps: in chinese patent CN 105925789a, "method for heat treatment of circumferential weld of steel containment tube in nuclear power plant", a sectional heat treatment is performed on the entire circumferential weld, so that the electrical load is reduced, the total power consumption is still high, the operation time is long in the manner of electric heating local heat treatment, the temperature needs to be raised and lowered at a certain rate according to the requirement, and the temperature needs to be kept for about 10 hours generally.

And Chinese patent CN 103773942A, "Heat treatment device and Heat treatment method for weld joints in Steel Containment vessel for Nuclear Power plant", designs a special heat treatment welding device, adopts a mode of still electric heating, has long heat treatment time and large energy consumption, consumes a large amount of glass fiber heat-insulating cotton, and the heat-insulating cotton is easy to generate a large amount of dust and has certain harm to the health of operators.

Therefore, the prior art for stress relief of the steel containment vessel after welding mainly adopts a heat treatment method and mainly adopts an electric heating mode, and the defects of high energy consumption, long operation time, poor labor environment and the like exist.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, in order to solve the problem of post-weld stress relief treatment of a weld of a steel containment vessel, embodiments of the present invention provide a post-weld stress relief method and apparatus for a nuclear power plant steel containment vessel.

The embodiment of the invention provides a post-welding stress relief method for a steel containment vessel of a nuclear power station, which comprises the following steps of:

carrying out stress test on areas on two sides of the welding seam, and judging a high-stress area needing stress relief treatment;

arranging a high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling device in the high-stress area, enabling an output probe of the high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling device to be attached to the surface of the high-stress area, and inputting ultrasonic waves into the high-stress area through the high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling device to eliminate the internal stress of the high-stress area.

Further, during the process of inputting the ultrasonic waves to the high stress area, detecting the stress in the high stress area, and stopping inputting the ultrasonic waves when the detected stress is less than the preset stress; otherwise, continuing to input the ultrasonic wave.

Further, when a plurality of high stress areas are judged, marking each high stress area; and high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling devices are uniformly arranged in each high-stress area, and ultrasonic waves are input into each high-stress area through each high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling device to eliminate internal stress.

Furthermore, each high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling device is respectively connected with a controller, and the controller is used for controlling the starting, the stopping, the power and the time of outputting ultrasonic waves of each high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling device.

Furthermore, before stress testing is carried out on areas on two sides of the welding seam, the two sides of the surface of the welding seam are cleaned, and an oxidation film and oil stains are removed.

Further, the high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling device is adsorbed to a high-stress area through a magnetic attraction tool.

Further, the front end of the output probe is provided with an arc-shaped vibrator, and the arc-shaped vibrator is attached to the surface of the high-stress area.

Further, a coupling agent is coated between the arc-shaped vibrator and the surface joint of the high stress area.

The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the post-welding stress relief method for the steel containment vessel of the nuclear power station has the beneficial effects that:

1. ultrasonic waves are input into a high-stress area through a high-energy sound beam regulating device, the original elastic dislocation structure of the high-stress area is changed by utilizing the fluctuation energy of the ultrasonic waves, so that the elastic dislocation moves from an unstable high-energy position to a relatively stable low-energy position, the distribution state of residual stress is changed, and the residual stress after welding is eliminated, compared with heat treatment, the treatment area is greatly reduced, the power density is lower, integral heating or partial area complete heating is not needed as the heat treatment, the energy consumption is greatly reduced while the stress around a welding seam is ensured to be eliminated, heating and cooling are not needed, and the energy consumption and the treatment time are saved; in addition, compared with the residual stress relief mode of heat treatment, the residual stress relief can be carried out on the high-stress area in a targeted mode.

2. One magnetic suction tool can be matched with the positioning and installation of a plurality of high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling devices, and the tool arrangement efficiency is improved.

3. The plurality of high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling devices are distributed in a matrix mode, the incident angle is dynamically regulated, the sound energy is superposed, and the regulating and controlling effect is enhanced.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a post-welding stress relief device for the steel containment vessel of the nuclear power station, which comprises the following components:

each high-energy sound beam regulating device is provided with a fixing tool fixed with the surface of a high-stress area;

and the controller is connected with all the high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling devices and is used for controlling all the high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling devices to output ultrasonic waves to the interiors of high-stress areas respectively so as to eliminate stress.

Furthermore, an arc vibrator matched with the surface shape of the high-stress area is arranged at the front end of an output probe of the high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling device.

The beneficial effects brought by the technical scheme of the post-welding stress relief device for the steel containment vessel of the nuclear power station are the same as those of the post-welding stress relief method for the steel containment vessel of the nuclear power station, and redundant description is not needed.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a post-welding stress relief method for a steel containment vessel of a nuclear power plant according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the output probe 7;

FIG. 3 is a comparison graph of residual stress before and after a welded test piece is treated by the post-welding stress relief method for the steel containment vessel of the nuclear power plant;

FIG. 4 is a graph showing a residual stress before and after the welded test piece was treated by the heat treatment stress relief method.

In the figure: the device comprises a 1-high-energy sound beam regulating device, a 2-controller, a 3-welding line, a 4-magnetic suction tool, a 5-steel containment vessel, a 6-coupling agent, a 7-output probe and an 8-arc vibrator.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a post-welding stress-relief method for a steel containment vessel of a nuclear power plant, which is mainly suitable for post-welding stress-relief treatment of a steel containment vessel 5 suitable for a nuclear power plant construction site, and includes the following steps:

and (4) carrying out stress test on the areas at two sides of the welding seam 3, and judging a high-stress area needing stress relief treatment.

Firstly, cleaning the surface and two sides of a welding seam 3 formed by welding a steel containment vessel 5, and removing impurities such as an oxidation film, oil stains and the like. And then, carrying out stress test on the areas on two sides of the welding seam 3 by adopting ultrasonic stress test equipment, and determining a high-stress area needing stress relief treatment according to the stress distribution condition and the technical requirements.

Here, stress testing of the areas on both sides of the weld 3 may detect a designated point to determine whether the designated point is in the high stress area. The comprehensive welding residual stress detection can also be directly carried out on the areas on the two sides of the welding seam 3, if 30 detection points are uniformly distributed on each side of the welding seam 3 in the axial direction, the distance between each detection point and a welding toe is about 12mm, and the detection direction is transverse. And stress detection is carried out by adopting ultrasonic stress testing equipment, the width of a detection probe is 10mm, and the ultrasonic frequency is 5 MHz. Before detection, a grinding wheel machine is used for grinding the detected area to metallic luster, a proper amount of coupling agent is smeared on the surface of the probe during detection, and the probe is ensured to be well attached to the detection position. And detecting all stress values which take the zero stress calibration point as a reference. When it is possible to determine that a plurality of high stress areas are present during the overall welding residual stress detection of the areas on both sides of the weld joint 3, marking each high stress area so as to respectively process each high stress area in the following.

Arranging a high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling device 1 in the high-stress area, enabling an output probe 7 of the high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling device 1 to be attached to the surface of the high-stress area, and inputting ultrasonic waves to the high-stress area through the high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling device 1 to eliminate the internal stress of the high-stress area.

Specifically, for the welding residual stress treatment of a designated point, the high-energy sound beam regulating device 1 is only required to be arranged in a high-stress area of the designated point. And for a plurality of high stress areas, high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling devices 1 are arranged in each high stress area, and ultrasonic waves are input to each high stress area through each high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling device 1 to eliminate internal stress.

Referring to fig. 2, each of the high-energy sound beam adjusting devices 1 is arranged in the following manner: the surface of each high stress area can be coated with a coupling agent 6, and the coupling agent 6 can be selected from butter. And then, the high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling device 1 is adsorbed to a high-stress area through a magnetic attraction tool 4. An arc-shaped vibrator 8 is arranged at the front end of the output probe 7, the arc-shaped vibrator 8 is attached to the surface of a high stress area on the steel containment vessel 5, and ultrasonic waves are input into the high stress area by a vertical incidence method. The coupling agent 6 is filled in the arc-shaped vibrator 8 and the surface of the high stress area, so that ultrasonic waves smoothly penetrate into the high stress area, the arc-shaped vibrator 8 can be tightly attached to the outer surface of the steel containment vessel 5, and the loss of ultrasonic energy is reduced.

Detecting stress in the high-stress area in the process that each high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling device 1 inputs ultrasonic waves to the high-stress area, and stopping inputting the ultrasonic waves when the detected stress is smaller than a preset stress; otherwise, continuing to input the ultrasonic wave. Namely, after the welding residual stress is regulated and controlled for a certain time by the ultrasonic waves output by the high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling device 1, the high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling device 1 is dismantled, the residual couplant 6 is removed, the ultrasonic stress testing equipment is used again, and the residual stress value of the high-stress area is tested and recorded. If the residual stress is reduced to the preset stress and reaches the required value, the high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling device 1 regulates and controls the stress relief level to meet the requirement; otherwise, the high-energy sound beam regulation time needs to be prolonged.

In order to realize the control of a plurality of high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling devices 1, each high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling device 1 is respectively connected with a controller 2, and the controller 2 is used for controlling the starting, the stopping, the power and the time of outputting ultrasonic waves of each high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling device 1.

The beneficial effects of the post-welding stress relief method for the steel containment vessel of the nuclear power plant are verified by way of example and are explained further below, specifically as follows:

TABLE 1 base metal and welding material

Test materials	Model number	Specification of	Remarks for note
				Base material	AG7XX high-strength steel	2200mm×2500mm×60mm	Butt joint
Welding material	E10018-G	φ3.2mm

The method comprises the steps that AG7XX high-strength steel commonly used for the steel containment of the nuclear power station is selected as base metal, E10018-G is selected as welding material, the groove of a base metal test piece is x-shaped, the groove angle is 60, and the pairing gap is 2-5 mm.

The heat treatment equipment is a WCK-240 intelligent heat treatment temperature control box.

The welding mode is as follows: multilayer and multi-pass manual welding is adopted, and the welding position is vertical welding. Before welding, cleaning and preheating the area to be welded and the adjacent area, wherein the preheating temperature is not lower than 120 ℃, and the temperature between layers/channels is not lower than the preheating temperature and is not higher than 200 ℃. The post-welding heat treatment process is consistent with the evaluation of the engineering construction welding process, the heat preservation temperature is 595-620 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 10 hours.

And measuring the residual stress of each detection point on the two test pieces which are not subjected to the welding residual stress relief treatment after welding, then respectively carrying out the welding residual stress relief treatment on the two test pieces after welding by the post-welding stress relief method and the heat treatment equipment for the steel containment vessel of the nuclear power station, and detecting the residual stress of each detection point on the two test pieces after the welding residual stress relief treatment.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, it can be known by comparison that the joint residual stress can be effectively reduced by using the post-welding stress relief method for the steel containment vessel of the nuclear power plant, and the effect is equivalent to that of a heat treatment stress relief mode.

In addition, referring to fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a post-welding stress relief device for a steel containment vessel of a nuclear power plant, including:

each high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling device 1 is provided with a fixing tool fixed with the surface of a high-stress area; the number of the high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling devices 1 can be one or more, and is determined according to the high stress of the welding residual stress which needs to be eliminated. The fixed tool is preferably a magnetic suction tool 4, can be fixedly adsorbed with the steel containment vessel 5, is convenient to fix, has a simple structure, is easy to install and disassemble, and is high in efficiency, and the clamping force is convenient to adjust.

The front end of an output probe 7 of the high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling device 1 is provided with an arc vibrator 8 matched with the surface shape of a high-stress area, and the arc vibrator 8 is provided with an arc surface which can be better attached to the surface of the steel containment 5 tightly.

And the controller 2 is connected with all the high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling devices 1, and the controller 2 is used for controlling all the high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling devices 1 to output ultrasonic waves to the inside of each high-stress area respectively so as to eliminate stress, and specifically controlling parameters such as starting and stopping, power and time for outputting the ultrasonic waves of all the high-energy sound beam regulating and controlling devices 1.

The post-welding stress relief device for the steel containment vessel of the nuclear power plant is used in cooperation with stress test equipment, and a specific use method refers to the post-welding stress relief method for the steel containment vessel of the nuclear power plant for relieving the welding residual stress during welding processing of the steel containment vessel, and repeated description is omitted here.

In this document, the terms front, back, upper and lower are used to define the components in the drawings and the positions of the components relative to each other, and are used for clarity and convenience of the technical solution. It is to be understood that the use of the directional terms should not be taken to limit the scope of the claims.

The features of the embodiments and embodiments described herein above may be combined with each other without conflict.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.