阅读说明：本技术 一种带有主副起重系统的塔机 (Tower crane with main and auxiliary hoisting systems ) 是由 金鹤翔 李维波 张刊 何罗波 周立宏 叶进其 韦福英 王汉炜 褚鹏程 于 2021-08-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种带有主副起重系统的塔机,包括主起重系统、副起重系统,所述主起重系统包括主起升装置和主牵引装置,副起重系统包括副起升装置和副牵引装置,所述副起重系统的设计参数为主起重系统的一半,所述设计参数包括起升电机功率、变频器功率、钢丝绳线径,主起升电机与副起升电机的额定转速、卷筒直径一致。本发明通过设置主、副双起重系统,使得主、副双起重系统各自负责不同重量的起重工作,并且可以通过主、副双起重系统的协同控制来独自完成塔机与起重机配合才能完成的工作。(The invention discloses a tower crane with a main hoisting system and an auxiliary hoisting system, which comprises the main hoisting system and the auxiliary hoisting system, wherein the main hoisting system comprises a main hoisting device and a main traction device, the auxiliary hoisting system comprises an auxiliary hoisting device and an auxiliary traction device, the design parameters of the auxiliary hoisting system are half of those of the main hoisting system, the design parameters comprise the power of a hoisting motor, the power of a frequency converter and the wire diameter of a steel wire rope, and the rated rotating speeds of the main hoisting motor and the auxiliary hoisting motor and the diameter of a winding drum are consistent. The invention enables the main hoisting system and the auxiliary hoisting system to be respectively responsible for hoisting work with different weights by arranging the main hoisting system and the auxiliary hoisting system, and can independently complete the work which can be completed only by matching the tower crane and the crane through the cooperative control of the main hoisting system and the auxiliary hoisting system.)

1. A tower crane with a main hoisting system and an auxiliary hoisting system is characterized by comprising the main hoisting system (1) and the auxiliary hoisting system (2), wherein the main hoisting system (1) comprises a main hoisting device (11) and a main traction device (12), and the auxiliary hoisting system (2) comprises an auxiliary hoisting device (21) and an auxiliary traction device (22);

the main lifting device (11) comprises a main lifting motor (111) arranged on the balance arm (3), and the main lifting motor (111) bypasses a lifting main pulley block and a main trolley (112) through a steel wire rope (5) and is connected to a main lifting hook (113);

the main traction device (12) comprises a main traction motor (121) arranged on the crane boom (4), two ends of the main traction motor (121) are provided with ropes, a steel wire rope (5) at one end bypasses a pulley (122) at the root part of the main arm and then is fixed on the main trolley (112), and a steel wire rope (5) at the other end bypasses a traction main pulley block, a pulley (123) at the end section of the main arm and a ratchet wheel rope storage drum connected to the other side of the main trolley (112);

the auxiliary lifting device (21) comprises an auxiliary lifting motor (211) arranged on the balance arm (3), and the auxiliary lifting motor (211) bypasses a lifting auxiliary pulley block and an auxiliary trolley (212) through a steel wire rope (5) and is connected to an auxiliary lifting hook (213);

the auxiliary traction device (22) comprises an auxiliary traction motor (221) arranged on the crane boom (4), two ends of the auxiliary traction motor (221) are provided with ropes, a steel wire rope (5) at one end is fixed on the auxiliary trolley (212) after bypassing a pulley (222) at the root of the auxiliary boom, and a steel wire rope (5) at the other end is connected to a ratchet wheel rope storage drum at the other side of the main trolley (212) after bypassing a traction auxiliary pulley block and an auxiliary boom end section pulley (223);

the design parameters of the auxiliary hoisting system (2) are half of those of the main hoisting system (1), the design parameters comprise the power of a hoisting motor, the power of a frequency converter and the wire diameter of a steel wire rope, and the rated rotating speeds and the diameters of a winding drum of the main hoisting motor (111) and the auxiliary hoisting motor (211) are consistent.

2. The tower crane with the main and auxiliary hoisting systems as claimed in claim 1, wherein the winding drum of the main hoisting motor (111) is arranged for rope feeding upwards, and the winding drum of the auxiliary hoisting motor (211) is arranged for rope feeding downwards.

3. The tower crane with the main and auxiliary hoisting systems as claimed in claim 1, wherein the main hoisting pulley block is provided with a main weight sensor, and the auxiliary hoisting pulley block is provided with an auxiliary weight sensor.

4. Tower crane with main and auxiliary hoisting system according to claim 1, characterized in that the drum of the main traction motor (121) should be in a lower rope-out setting and the drum of the auxiliary traction motor (221) should be in an upper rope-out setting.

5. Tower crane with main and auxiliary hoisting system according to claim 1, characterized in that the main trolley (112) is provided with a proximity switch on the side facing the auxiliary trolley (212) or the auxiliary trolley (212) is provided with a proximity switch on the side facing the main trolley (112), said proximity switch being electrically connected to the PLC controller.

6. Tower crane with main and auxiliary hoisting system according to claim 1, characterized in that the main hook (113) is set at 4-magnification and the auxiliary hook (213) is set at 2-magnification.

7. The tower crane with the main and auxiliary hoisting systems as claimed in claim 1, wherein the main hoisting system (1) and the auxiliary hoisting system (2) are controlled by a display screen and a handle, and the control priority of the display screen is higher than that of the handle.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of construction machinery, in particular to a tower crane with a main hoisting system and an auxiliary hoisting system.

Background

The existing tower crane has many working conditions which cannot be completed, for example, when lifting objects with large area and length, the lifting is often completed by a ground crane, and when the lifting is completed by the ground crane, the efficiency is low because the synchronous cooperative work cannot be realized; the weight of the hoisted objects under the same working condition of the tower crane is often uneven, the effective rate of the low-magnification hoisting hook is limited but the hoisting weight is limited, the high-magnification hoisting hook improves the hoisting weight capacity but has low efficiency, and time and labor are wasted if the magnification needs to be frequently replaced; the invention also discloses a system which is characterized in that some hoisting work such as molten steel and concrete can be completed smoothly by a tower crane when the tower crane needs to hoist to a target ground, the main and auxiliary lifting hooks can enable containers of water and soil to be horizontal so as not to enable the water, soil and the like to overflow, and the main and auxiliary lifting hooks are operated during unloading to enable objects in the containers to be poured out smoothly.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the tower crane with the main and auxiliary hoisting systems, the main and auxiliary hoisting systems are respectively responsible for hoisting work with different weights by arranging the main and auxiliary hoisting systems, and the work which can be completed only by matching the tower crane with the crane can be completed by the cooperative control of the main and auxiliary hoisting systems.

The invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a tower crane with a main hoisting system and an auxiliary hoisting system comprises the main hoisting system and the auxiliary hoisting system, wherein the main hoisting system comprises a main hoisting device and a main traction device, and the auxiliary hoisting system comprises an auxiliary hoisting device and an auxiliary traction device; the main lifting device comprises a main lifting motor arranged on the balance arm, and the main lifting motor bypasses a lifting main pulley block and a main trolley through a steel wire rope and is connected to a main lifting hook; the main traction device comprises a main traction motor arranged on the crane boom, two ends of the main traction motor are provided with ropes, a steel wire rope at one end is fixed on the main trolley after bypassing a pulley at the root part of the main arm, and a steel wire rope at the other end is connected to a ratchet wheel rope storage drum at the other side of the main trolley after bypassing a traction main pulley block and a pulley at the end joint of the main arm; the auxiliary lifting device comprises an auxiliary lifting motor arranged on the balance arm, and the auxiliary lifting motor bypasses a lifting auxiliary pulley block and an auxiliary trolley through a steel wire rope and is connected to an auxiliary lifting hook; the auxiliary traction device comprises an auxiliary traction motor arranged on the crane boom, two ends of the auxiliary traction motor are provided with ropes, a steel wire rope at one end is fixed on the auxiliary trolley after bypassing a pulley at the root part of the auxiliary boom, and a steel wire rope at the other end is connected to a ratchet wheel rope storage drum at the other side of the main trolley after bypassing a traction auxiliary pulley block and an auxiliary boom end section pulley; the design parameters of the auxiliary hoisting system are half of those of the main hoisting system, the design parameters comprise the power of a hoisting motor, the power of a frequency converter and the wire diameter of a steel wire rope, and the rated rotating speed and the diameter of a winding drum of the main hoisting motor and the auxiliary hoisting motor are consistent.

Preferably, the winding drum of the main hoisting motor is arranged for upward rope discharge, and the winding drum of the auxiliary hoisting motor is arranged for downward rope discharge.

Preferably, a main weight sensor is arranged on the lifting main pulley block, and an auxiliary weight sensor is arranged on the lifting auxiliary pulley block.

Preferably, the winding drum of the main traction motor is arranged for downward rope outlet, and the winding drum of the auxiliary traction motor is arranged for upward rope outlet.

Preferably, the main trolley is provided with a proximity switch on one side facing the auxiliary trolley or the auxiliary trolley is provided with a proximity switch on one side facing the main trolley, and the proximity switch is electrically connected with the PLC.

Preferably, the main lifting hook is set at 4 multiplying power, and the auxiliary lifting hook is set at 2 multiplying power.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. the invention sets the main and auxiliary double-lifting systems to make the main and auxiliary double-lifting systems respectively take charge of lifting work with different weights, because the main lifting hook is set with 4 multiplying power and the auxiliary lifting hook is set with 2 multiplying power, when lifting light lifting objects, the auxiliary lifting hook is used for lifting, and when lifting heavy objects, the main lifting hook is used for lifting.

2. Meanwhile, the invention can independently complete the work which can be completed only by matching the tower crane and the crane through the cooperative control of the main hoisting system and the auxiliary hoisting system, and when in use, the cooperative control of the main hoisting system and the auxiliary hoisting system can be realized as long as the frequency of controlling the main hoisting motor is twice of that of the auxiliary hoisting motor.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a tower crane.

Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of a portion a of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged view of portion B of fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of portion C of fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged view of portion D of fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the main hoisting device.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary hoisting device.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the main draft gear.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the secondary traction device.

Fig. 10 is a circuit diagram of rotation and amplitude change switching.

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a connection circuit of the tower crane.

Fig. 12 is an operation interface diagram of the display screen.

In the figure, a main hoisting system 1, a main hoisting device 11, a main hoisting motor 111, a main trolley 112, a main hook 113, a main traction device 12, a main traction motor 121, a main arm root pulley 122, a main arm end section pulley 123, an auxiliary hoisting system 2, an auxiliary hoisting device 21, an auxiliary hoisting motor 211, an auxiliary trolley 212, an auxiliary hook 213, an auxiliary traction device 22, an auxiliary traction motor 221, an auxiliary arm root pulley 222, an auxiliary arm end section pulley 223, a balance arm 3, a crane arm 4 and a steel wire rope 5.

Detailed Description

In order to facilitate understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention, the following detailed description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1-12, a tower crane with a main and auxiliary hoisting system comprises a main hoisting system 1 and an auxiliary hoisting system 2, wherein the main hoisting system 1 comprises a main hoisting device 11 and a main traction device 12, and the auxiliary hoisting system 2 comprises an auxiliary hoisting device 21 and an auxiliary traction device 22;

the main hoisting device 11 comprises a main hoisting motor 111 arranged on the balance arm 3, and the main hoisting motor 111 bypasses a hoisting main pulley block and a main trolley 112 through a steel wire rope 5 and is connected to a main hook 113;

the main traction device 12 comprises a main traction motor 121 arranged on the crane boom 4, two ends of the main traction motor 121 are provided with ropes, a steel wire rope 5 at one end is fixed on the main trolley 112 after bypassing a pulley 122 at the root part of the main arm, and a steel wire rope 5 at the other end is connected on a ratchet wheel rope storage drum at the other side of the main trolley 112 after bypassing a traction main pulley block and a pulley 123 at the end section of the main arm;

the auxiliary lifting device 21 comprises an auxiliary lifting motor 211 arranged on the balance arm 3, and the auxiliary lifting motor 211 bypasses a lifting auxiliary pulley block and an auxiliary trolley 212 through a steel wire rope 5 and is connected to an auxiliary lifting hook 213;

the auxiliary traction device 22 comprises an auxiliary traction motor 221 arranged on the crane boom 4, ropes are output from two ends of the auxiliary traction motor 221, a steel wire rope 5 at one end is fixed on the auxiliary trolley 212 after bypassing a pulley 222 at the root part of the auxiliary boom, and a steel wire rope 5 at the other end is connected on a ratchet wheel rope storage drum connected to the other side of the main trolley 212 after bypassing a traction auxiliary pulley block and an auxiliary boom end section pulley 223;

the design parameters of the auxiliary hoisting system 2 are half of those of the main hoisting system 1, the design parameters comprise the power of a hoisting motor, the power of a frequency converter and the wire diameter of a steel wire rope, and the rated rotating speeds and the diameters of a winding drum of the main hoisting motor 111 and the auxiliary hoisting motor 211 are consistent.

The lifting hook of the existing tower crane is switched and set by 2 and 4 multiplying powers, the lifting hook is hung on the ground by a general switching method, then ground personnel change a pin shaft and a clamping plate or reeve a steel wire rope, the operation is very complicated, and the system can work around frequent multiplying power replacement which is time-consuming and labor-consuming. According to the invention, the main hoisting system 1 and the auxiliary hoisting system 2 are arranged, so that the main hoisting system 1 and the auxiliary hoisting system 2 are respectively responsible for hoisting work with different weights, the main hoisting hook is arranged at 4 multiplying power, the auxiliary hoisting hook is arranged at 2 multiplying power, the hoisting speed at 2 multiplying power is two times of 4 multiplying power, but the hoisting capacity is half of 4 multiplying power, when a light hoisting object is hoisted, the auxiliary hoisting hook is used for hoisting, and when a heavy object is hoisted, the main hoisting hook is used for hoisting.

Meanwhile, the invention can independently complete the work which can be completed only by matching the tower crane and the crane through the cooperative control of the main hoisting system 1 and the auxiliary hoisting system 2, and when in use, the cooperative control of the main hoisting motor and the auxiliary hoisting system can be realized as long as the frequency of the main hoisting motor is controlled to be twice that of the auxiliary hoisting motor.

For example, when lifting objects with large area and long length, the prior art needs to finish the lifting together by using a ground crane, and when the ground crane assists the completion, the efficiency is low because the synchronous cooperative work cannot be performed; the weight of the hoisted objects under the same working condition of the tower crane is often uneven, the effective rate of the low-magnification hoisting hook is limited but the hoisting weight is limited, the high-magnification hoisting hook improves the hoisting weight capacity but has low efficiency, and time and labor are wasted if the magnification needs to be frequently replaced; the invention can be smoothly completed when some hoisting work such as molten steel and concrete need to be hoisted to a target ground, the main hoisting system and the auxiliary hoisting system enable the container of water and soil to be horizontal so as not to allow the water, soil and the like to overflow, and the main hoisting hook 113 or the auxiliary hoisting hook 213 is operated during unloading to enable objects in the container to be smoothly poured out.

In order to prevent the interference of the steel wire ropes 5 of the main hoisting motor 111 and the auxiliary hoisting motor 211, a winding drum of the main hoisting motor 111 is arranged for upward rope discharge, and a winding drum of the auxiliary hoisting motor 211 is arranged for downward rope discharge.

In order to prevent the interference between the wire ropes 5 of the main traction motor 121 and the auxiliary traction motor 221, the drum of the main traction motor 121 should be set for lower rope discharge, and the drum of the auxiliary traction motor 221 should be set for upper rope discharge.

As shown in fig. 5, the main arm root pulley 122 and the sub arm root pulley 222 are disposed vertically, i.e., the main arm root pulley 122 is located above the sub arm root pulley 222, and mainly serves to prevent interference.

A main weight sensor is arranged on the lifting main pulley block, and an auxiliary weight sensor is arranged on the lifting auxiliary pulley block. As shown in fig. 12, according to the formula: g (force) ═ m (weight) × G (gravitational acceleration), moment ═ force arm, wherein G is known, m is the value of main, vice weight sensor, the arm of force is the value that the encoder was drawn promptly to range, the PLC controller can calculate main, vice moment value respectively, total moment value ═ main moment value + vice moment value, the display screen can show current total moment value often, the display screen warning light is bright when total moment > ═ 80% rated moment, the moment alarm lamp is bright when total moment ═ 100% rated moment, early warning, warning all have the bee calling organ suggestion, the restriction of exceeding the moment to each motor is unanimous with current tower machine.

A proximity switch is arranged on one side of the main trolley 112 facing the auxiliary trolley 212 or on one side of the auxiliary trolley 212 facing the main trolley 112, and the proximity switch is electrically connected with the PLC controller. The effective detection distance of the proximity switch is preferably 2 meters, so as to prevent the main trolley 112 from colliding with the auxiliary trolley 212, when the distance between the main trolley 112 and the auxiliary trolley 212 is less than 2 meters, the PLC controller sends a command to brake the main trolley 112 and the auxiliary trolley 212, a trolley collision prevention cancel key is added on the display screen, when a driver presses the key in a special working condition, such as a dismounting machine, the anti-collision function is invalid, namely when the distance between the main trolley 112 and the auxiliary trolley 212 is less than 2 meters, the PLC controller cannot send a command to brake the main trolley 112 and the auxiliary trolley 212.

When the auxiliary hoisting system 2 is idle, the auxiliary trolley 212 is collected at the root of the crane arm 4, so that the main trolley 112 and the auxiliary trolley 212 can be prevented from being influenced with each other, and the movable length of each other can be reduced. The main trolley (112) has a pair of front and rear pulleys and a cradle (for the service personnel to ride on during boom operation), and the distance between the front and rear pulleys of the auxiliary trolley (212) is half of that of the main trolley (112) and the cradle is eliminated.

The main hoisting system 1 and the auxiliary hoisting system 2 are controlled by a display screen and a handle, and the control priority of the display screen is higher than that of the handle. When the display screen and the handle are operated simultaneously, the PLC judges that the priority of the display screen is higher than that of the handle so as to avoid conflict. As shown in fig. 10, X0 is a rotation and auxiliary amplitude switching button input signal, X1, X2 and X3 are rotation gear input signals, X4, X5 and X6 are amplitude gear input signals, K1 is an output relay, H1 is a rotation indicator lamp, and H2 is an auxiliary amplitude indicator lamp.

The control logic: when the X0 is not powered on, the PLC logic judges that the rotation input is effective, namely the X1, X2 and X3 inputs are effective, the X4, X5 and X6 inputs are invalid, the output K1 is powered off, and the H1 rotation indicator lamp is powered on; when the X0 is electrified, the PLC logic judges that the auxiliary amplitude input is effective, namely the X4, the X5 and the X6 input are effective, the X1, the X2 and the X3 input are ineffective, the output K1 is electrified, and the H2 auxiliary amplitude indicator lamp is electrified.

The left handle of the existing tower crane is controlled to change amplitude and rotate around and left and right, and the right handle is controlled to lift around. The left armrest box is additionally provided with a rotary lamp and a main small car lamp so that a driver can conveniently identify the rotary lamp and the main small car lamp.

As shown in fig. 12, in order to make the driver utilize the stability of the synchronous operation of the main hook 113 and the auxiliary hook 213, the height values of the main hook 113 and the auxiliary hook 213 are increased on the display screen, the amplitude values of the main trolley 112 and the auxiliary trolley 212 are displayed, the driver can observe the suspended objects before the synchronous operation and then refer to the difference between the main value and the auxiliary value, if the operable single handle needs to be adjusted, the synchronous keys and the magnification ratio switching keys of the main lifting motor 111, the auxiliary lifting motor 211, the main trolley 112 and the auxiliary trolley 212 are respectively increased, for example, when the driver wants to lift 2 gears, firstly confirming the magnification ratio of the main hook 113 and the auxiliary hook 213 and inputting the actual value (only 2 and 4 can be input by default, the rest values are invalid), and confirming that the synchronous key of the column is pressed, the three conditions are divided into three conditions:

firstly, if the multiplying power of the main lifting hook 113 and the multiplying power of the auxiliary lifting hook 213 are the same, the PLC controller can simultaneously send a 2-gear lifting frequency instruction to the frequency converter to enable the frequency converter to give the same frequency to the main lifting motor and the auxiliary lifting motor to enable the main lifting motor and the auxiliary lifting motor to operate at the same speed;

secondly, multiplying power of the main lifting hook and the auxiliary lifting hook is respectively 4 and 2, the PLC controller can send 2-gear lifting frequency to a frequency converter of the main lifting motor, and send 1/2-gear lifting frequency to a frequency converter of the auxiliary lifting motor, so that the speed difference of the main lifting hook and the auxiliary lifting hook is doubled to achieve the speed consistency of the main lifting hook and the auxiliary lifting hook;

and thirdly, multiplying power of the main lifting hook and the auxiliary lifting hook is respectively 2 and 4, and the frequency of the frequency converter is opposite to that of the second case.

Meanwhile, an emergency stop key is added, and the main hoisting motor and the auxiliary hoisting motor and the main amplitude varying motor are stopped when the key is pressed. And the total moment, the main moment, the auxiliary moment, the 80% moment early warning and the 100% moment warning display are added according to the above.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims, and several modifications and amendments made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be construed as the scope of the present invention.