阅读说明：本技术 制冷机的压缩机的操作方法和制冷机的压缩机 (Method for operating a compressor of a refrigerator and compressor of a refrigerator ) 是由 马蒂亚·莫兰丁 于 2019-12-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种制冷机(100)的压缩机(101)的操作方法(10),所述压缩机(101)包括电动机(102)和被配置成调制用于驱动所述电动机(102)的电源电压(V)和/或电流(I)和/或频率(F)的电源装置(103),所述方法(10)的特征在于它包括：-设置(A)定子电阻校准值(Ro)和控制参数(R)的至少一个阈值(S1、S2、S3、S4),所述阈值(S1、S2、S3、S4)与所述校准值(Ro)相关；-在所述电动机(102)的操作期间,通过所述电源装置(103)将扰动信号(V1、I1)连续注入(B)到所述电动机(102)中,所述扰动信号(V1、I1)由所述电源电压(V)和/或电流(I)的扰动组成；-通过所述电动机(102)的各相处的电压和电流测量检测(C)对应于所述扰动信号(V1、I1)的结果电压信号(V2)和结果电流信号(I2)；-将根据所述结果电压信号(V2)和结果电流信号(I2)计算的值与所述控制参数(R)相关联(D)；-取决于所述控制参数(R)相对于所述至少一个阈值(S1、S2、S3、S4)来调节或中断(E)所述电源电压(V)和/或电流(I)和/或频率(F)。(A method (10) of operating a compressor (101) of a refrigerator (100), said compressor (101) comprising an electric motor (102) and a power supply device (103) configured to modulate a supply voltage (V) and/or a current (I) and/or a frequency (F) for driving said electric motor (102), said method (10) being characterized in that it comprises: -setting (a) a stator resistance calibration value (Ro) and at least one threshold value (S1, S2, S3, S4) of a control parameter (R), said threshold value (S1, S2, S3, S4) being related to said calibration value (Ro); -continuously injecting (B) a perturbation signal (V1, I1) into the electric motor (102) by means of the power supply device (103) during operation of the electric motor (102), the perturbation signal (V1, I1) consisting of perturbations of the supply voltage (V) and/or current (I); -detecting (C) a resulting voltage signal (V2) and a resulting current signal (I2) corresponding to the disturbance signals (V1, I1) by voltage and current measurements at each phase of the electric motor (102); -associating (D) a value calculated from the resulting voltage signal (V2) and the resulting current signal (I2) with the control parameter (R); -adjusting or interrupting (E) the supply voltage (V) and/or current (I) and/or frequency (F) in dependence on the control parameter (R) with respect to the at least one threshold (S1, S2, S3, S4).)

1. Method (10) of operating a compressor (101) of a refrigerator (100), the compressor (101) comprising an electric motor (102) and a power supply device (103) configured to modulate a supply voltage (V) and/or a current (I) and/or a frequency (F) for driving the electric motor (102); the method (10) is characterized by the steps of:

-setting (a) a stator resistance calibration value (Ro) and at least one threshold value (S1, S2, S3, S4) of a control parameter (R), said threshold value (S1, S2, S3, S4) being related to said calibration value (Ro);

-continuously injecting (B) a perturbation signal (V1, I1) into the electric motor (102) by means of the power supply device (103) during operation of the electric motor (102), the perturbation signal (V1, I1) consisting of perturbations of the supply voltage (V) and/or current (I);

-detecting (C) a resulting voltage signal (V2) and a resulting current signal (I2) corresponding to the disturbance signals (V1, I1) by voltage and current measurements at each phase of the electric motor (102);

-associating (D) a value calculated from the resulting voltage signal (V2) and the resulting current signal (I2) with the control parameter (R);

-adjusting or interrupting (E) the supply voltage (V) and/or current (I) and/or frequency (F) depending on the value of the control parameter (R) with respect to the at least one threshold (S1, S2, S3, S4);

wherein the electric motor (102) is a three-phase electric motor; the disturbance signal (V1) is a voltage signal;

wherein the disturbance signal (V1) is a voltage signal consisting of a disturbance of a first component V1x and/or a disturbance of a second component V1y in a system having two orthogonal components x, y;

the supply voltage (V) has a first component Vpx and a second component Vpy in the system having two components x, y;

the injecting step (B) includes selectively injecting the perturbation signal (V1) in a first mode, a second mode, or a third mode, wherein:

-the first pattern comprises injecting the perturbation in the first component V1x into the first component Vpx;

-the second pattern comprises injecting the perturbation in the second component V1y into the second component Vpy;

-the third pattern comprises injecting the perturbation in the first component V1x into the first component Vpx and injecting the perturbation in the second component V1y into the second component Vpy;

said step of detecting (C) a result signal (I2) comprises measuring phase currents Ia, Ib, Ic of said electric motor (102), deriving equivalent currents Ix, Iy from said phase currents Ia, Ib, Ic by transforming them into said system having two components x, y, and deriving from said equivalent currents Ix, Iy respective components Ix-meas and/or Iy-meas corresponding to said disturbances in said first component V1x and/or said second component V1y, respectively;

the detecting step (C) optionally comprises:

-deriving the current component Ix-meas of the equivalent current Ix if the perturbation signal (V1) is injected in the first mode,

-deriving the current component Iy-meas of the equivalent current Iy if the perturbation signal (V1) is injected in the second mode,

-if the perturbation signal (V1) is injected in the third mode, deriving the current components Ix-meas and Iy-meas;

wherein the method comprises a derivation operation comprising selectively determining:

-if said perturbation signal (V1) is injected in said first mode, the x-component of the voltage Vx-meas, or

-if said perturbation signal (V1) is injected in said second mode, the y-component of the voltage Vy-meas, or

-if the perturbation signal (V1) is injected in the third mode, the x-component of voltage Vx-meas and the y-component of voltage Vy-meas;

wherein the x-component Vx-meas of said voltage and/or the y-component Vy-meas of said voltage is derived by a processing operation comprising

-measuring at least one line-to-line stator voltage Vab, Vbc, Vca between terminals of each phase of the electric motor (102);

-determining a direct current component for each of said at least one line-to-line voltage Vab, Vbc, Vca;

wherein the value associated with the control parameter (R) is a resistance value selectively calculated according to ohm's law as:

-a ratio between an x-component of voltage Vx-meas and an x-component of current Ix-meas if the perturbation signal (V1) is injected in the first mode, wherein the x-component of voltage Vx-meas is calculated based on at least one of the direct current components of the at least one line-to-line voltage Vab, Vbc, Vca,

-a ratio between a y-component of voltage Vy-meas and a y-component of current Iy-meas if the perturbation signal (V1) is injected in the second mode, wherein the y-component of voltage Vy-meas is calculated based on at least one of the dc-components of the at least one line-to-line voltage Vab, Vbc, Vca;

-the ratio between the x-component of the voltage Vx-meas and the x-component of the current Ix-meas and/or the ratio between the y-component of the voltage Vy-meas and the y-component of the current Iy-meas if the perturbation signal (V1) is injected in the third mode.

2. Method according to claim 1, wherein a first value and a second value are calculated for the control parameter (R) with the disturbance signal (V1) being injected in the third pattern, wherein a value equal to the difference between the first value and the second value is assigned to a reliability indicator; the first value is equal to the ratio between the x-component of the voltage Vx-meas and the x-component of the current Ix-meas; the second value is equal to the ratio between the y-component of the voltage Vy-meas and the y-component of the current Iy-meas.

3. The method of any preceding claim, wherein:

the disturbance of the first component V1x consists of a voltage signal generated by a current regulator on the basis of the intensity of the current defined as a function of a reference direct current value Ix-ref in x and the x-component Ix-meas of the current;

the disturbance of the second component V1y consists of a voltage signal generated by a current regulator on the basis of the current intensity defined as a function of a reference direct current value Iy-ref in y and the y-component Iy-meas of the current.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the reference direct current value Ix-ref in x and/or the reference direct current value Iy-ref in y is pre-set such that the magnitude of the disturbance of the first component V1 and the magnitude of the disturbance of the second component V1y are capable of determining the intensity of the x-component Ix-meas of the current and/or the intensity of the y-component Iy-meas of the current, respectively, not higher than 10% of the intensity of the corresponding equivalent current Ix, Iy.

5. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the electric motor is a balanced and symmetrical three-phase motor of the line-to-line voltage zero sum and the phase current zero sum; the system with two orthogonal components x, y is a stationary alpha-beta system, wherein the first component x consists of an alpha component and the second component y consists of a beta component; the disturbance signal (V1) is a direct current voltage signal.

6. The method of any of claims 1-4, wherein the motor is a balanced and symmetrical three-phase motor of the line-to-line voltage zero sum and the phase current zero sum; said system having two orthogonal components x, y is a d-q rotating system, wherein said first component x consists of component d and said second component y consists of component q; the disturbance signal (V1) is an alternating voltage signal having a frequency equal to the rotational frequency of the motor (102).

7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one threshold (S1, S2) comprises at least a first upper threshold (S1) and a second upper threshold (S2), the step of adjusting or interrupting (E) the supply voltage (V) and/or current (I) and/or frequency (F) comprising:

-reducing the value of the supply voltage (V) and/or current (I) and/or frequency (F) if the control parameter (R) assumes a value equal to or greater than the first upper threshold (S1);

-zeroing the value of the supply voltage (V) and/or current (I) and/or frequency (F) if the control parameter (R) assumes a value equal to or greater than the second upper threshold (S2).

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the at least one threshold (S1, S2, S3, S4) further comprises at least a first lower threshold (S3) and a second lower threshold (S4), the step of adjusting or interrupting (E) the supply voltage (V) and/or current (I) and/or frequency (F) comprising:

-reducing the value of the supply voltage (V) and/or current (I) and/or frequency (F) if the control parameter (R) assumes a value equal to or greater than the first lower threshold value (S3);

-zeroing the value of the supply voltage (V) and/or current (I) and/or frequency (F) if the control parameter (R) assumes a value equal to or lower than the second lower threshold (S4).

9. Method according to any one of claims 7 and 8, wherein said at least one threshold (S2, S4) comprises at least a second upper threshold (S2) and a second lower threshold (S4), said step of adjusting or interrupting (E) said supply voltage (V) and/or current (I) and/or frequency (F) comprising: -zeroing the value of the supply voltage (V) and/or current (I) and/or frequency (F) if the control parameter (R) assumes a value equal to or greater than the second upper threshold (S2) or if the control parameter (R) assumes a value equal to or less than the second lower threshold (S4).

10. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the electric motor is a synchronous motor.

11. An operating device (104) for a compressor (101) of a refrigerator (100), wherein the compressor (101) comprises an electric motor (102); the operating device (104) comprises a power supply device (103) configured to modulate a supply voltage (V) and/or a current (I) and/or a frequency (F) for driving the electric motor (102);

the operating device (104) is characterized by comprising a detection device (105), the detection device (105) being able to be set by defining at least one threshold value (S1, S2) of a stator resistance calibration value (Ro) and of a control parameter (R), the at least one threshold value (S1, S2, S3, S4) being correlated with the calibration value (Ro); the detection device (105) is configured to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 during operation of the electric motor (102).

12. The operating device (104) according to claim 11, the connection from the power source (11) to the electric motor (102) comprising, in sequence:

-a first reference system converter (12) for converting from an a-b-c system to an x-y system;

-a connection (13) for injecting a voltage perturbation signal V1, the voltage perturbation signal V1 being injected in the form of a first component V1x thereof and a second component V1y thereof, the first component V1x being injected into a first component Vpx of the supply voltage, the second component V1y being injected into a second component Vpy of the supply voltage;

-a second reference system converter (14) for performing a conversion from the a-b-c system to the x-y system for powering the motor (102) in three phases, wherein the voltages in the respective phases a, b and c are derived from a conversion of a total voltage signal comprising Vpx + V1x in component x and Vpy + V1y in component y;

-said power supply means (103), preferably consisting of an AC/DC PWM controller;

-measuring means (16) comprising a current meter (16a) and a voltage meter (16b), said current meter (16a) and said voltage meter (16b) being adapted to be connected to each phase of said electric motor (102) and being configured to detect said phase currents Ia, Ib and Ic and said line-to-line voltages Vab, Vac and Vbc, respectively, and to derive therefrom the x and y components of said resulting current signal I2 in DC, namely Ia-meas, Ib-meas and Ic-meas, and the x and y components of said resulting voltage signal V2 in DC, namely Vab-meas, Vac-meas and Vbc-meas.

13. Operating device (104) according to claim 12, wherein the voltmeter (16b) is provided with a filter unit (116), the filter unit (116) being configured to step down each of the line-to-line voltages Vab, Vac and Vbc, the voltage down-conversion preferably being performed by means of a voltage divider, a first low-pass filtering operation, and subsequently a second low-pass filtering operation, preferably being performed by means of an operational amplifier low-pass filter, thereby isolating and amplifying the DC component of the measured voltage to obtain the x-and y-components Vab-meas, Vac-meas and Vbc-meas of the resulting voltage signal V2 in DC.

14. The operating device (104) according to claim 13, wherein the filtering unit (116) comprises three filtering stages:

-a first filtering stage (116a) comprising a simple resistive divider or a voltage sensor capable of measuring direct current, alternating current and PWM voltages, to reduce the voltage value from high to low;

-a second filtering stage (116b), which can comprise a filtering stage R or a first order low-pass filter, for eliminating high-frequency PWM signals, keeping the DC signal unchanged and attenuating the residual AC signal of the frequency of the motor (102);

-a third filtering stage (116c) adapted to isolate and amplify the DC signal and to further remove the residual AC signal by adding an offset to switch the measurement interval; the third stage is preferably realized by a circuit with an operational amplifier.

15. The operating device (104) according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the current meter (16a) is configured to perform a low-pass filtering operation, thereby isolating a DC component of the measured current, so as to obtain x and y components Ia-meas, Ib-meas and Ic-meas of the resulting current signal I2 in DC.

16. The operating device (104) according to any one of claims 11 to 15, comprising:

-a third converter (17) adapted to convert said direct current components Ia-meas, Ib-meas and Ic-meas into said x-y system and thus obtain components Ix-meas and Iy-meas of said resulting current signal I2, said components Ix-meas and Iy-meas being attributable to perturbations of said first component V1x and to perturbations of said second component V1 y;

-a fourth converter (18) adapted to convert said direct current components Vab-meas, Vac-meas and Vbc-meas into said x-y system, thereby obtaining components Vx-meas and Vy-meas of said resulting voltage signal V2, which components Vx-meas and Vy-meas can be attributed to perturbations of said first component V1x and to perturbations of said second component V1 y.

17. The operating device (104) according to any one of claims 11-16, wherein upstream of the detection device (105) and the current regulators (19, 20) a first output filter (21, 22) is comprised, the first output filters (21, 22) each comprising: a low pass filter for identifying the DC component of the signal in the case where the x-y system is a stationary alpha-beta system; or a high-pass filter for detecting a rotational disturbance signal having a sinusoidal pattern in case the x-y system is a d-q rotating system.

18. The operating device (104) according to claim 16 and any one of claims 11-15, wherein the power source (11) comprises a feedback-driven inverter, the third converter (17) being feedback-connected to the power source (11) via second output filters (23, 24), each of the second output filters comprising: a high pass filter for removing a direct current disturbance component in case the x-y system is a stationary alpha-beta system; or in case the x-y system is a d-q rotating system, a low pass filter for removing the disturbing signal in the rotating d-q.

19. The operating device (104) according to any one of claims 11-18, wherein the electric motor (102) is a synchronous motor.

20. Refrigerator comprising at least one condenser means (106), at least one evaporator means (107), at least one throttle means (108) and at least one compressor (101), wherein said at least one compressor (101) is equipped with an operating device (104) according to any of claims 11-19.