阅读说明：本技术 一种具有供油回油功能的自润滑齿轮及密封组件 (Self-lubricating gear and sealing assembly with oil supply and return functions ) 是由 张国涛 张志伟 王孝义 夏清华 杨晓红 朱长江 李天超 于 2021-01-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种具有供油回油功能的自润滑齿轮,它包括齿轮基体、储油凹槽、多孔储油体、油孔、齿面微织构、键槽；储油凹槽整体呈环形,开设在齿轮基体的内孔处,延伸至齿轮基体的内部；多孔储油体整体呈环形,配合安装在储油凹槽内；油孔一端开设在储油凹槽的顶部,另一端开设在齿轮基体的轮齿齿槽处的齿根圆上；齿面微织构开设在齿轮基体每个轮齿的前后两齿面上,齿面微织构为圆柱形凹坑。本发明自润滑齿轮可以将润滑油供入轮齿啮合部位并在齿面形成动压油膜润滑,齿轮停转后油液回渗被重新储存便于循环使用。(The invention discloses a self-lubricating gear with oil supply and return functions, which comprises a gear base body, an oil storage groove, a porous oil storage body, an oil hole, a tooth surface microtexture and a key groove, wherein the oil storage groove is formed in the gear base body; the oil storage groove is annular as a whole, is arranged at the inner hole of the gear base body and extends into the gear base body; the porous oil storage body is integrally annular and is arranged in the oil storage groove in a matching way; one end of the oil hole is arranged on the top of the oil storage groove, and the other end of the oil hole is arranged on a tooth root circle at the tooth socket of the gear teeth of the gear base body; the tooth surface micro texture is arranged on the front tooth surface and the rear tooth surface of each gear tooth of the gear matrix, and the tooth surface micro texture is a cylindrical pit. The self-lubricating gear can supply lubricating oil to the gear tooth meshing part and form dynamic pressure oil film lubrication on the gear surface, and the oil is re-infiltrated after the gear stops rotating and is stored for recycling.)

1. The utility model provides a self-lubricating gear with fuel feeding oil return function which characterized in that: the gear comprises a gear base body (1), an oil storage groove (2), a porous oil storage body (7), an oil hole (3), a tooth surface microtexture (4) and a key groove (5); the oil storage groove (2) is annular as a whole, is formed in the inner hole of the gear base body (1) and extends into the gear base body (1); the porous oil storage body (7) is annular as a whole and is arranged in the oil storage groove (2) in a matching way; one end of the oil hole (3) is arranged on the top of the oil storage groove (2), and the other end of the oil hole is arranged on a tooth root circle at the tooth socket of the gear teeth of the gear base body (1); the tooth surface micro texture (4) is arranged on the front tooth surface and the rear tooth surface of each gear tooth of the gear matrix (1), and the tooth surface micro texture (4) is a cylindrical pit.

2. The self-lubricating gear of claim 1, wherein: the material of the porous oil storage body (7) is one or a combination of more of Polyimide (PI), Polyethyleneimine (PEI) and the like; the porous oil storage body (7) is prepared based on a cold pressing sintering process, the pressing pressure is 200 MPa-300 MPa, the sintering temperature is 250-300 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2 hours, and the oil storage rate of the sintered porous oil storage body is 45-68%.

3. The self-lubricating gear of claim 1, wherein: the whole body of the porous oil storage body (7) is of an annular structure, and a key groove is arranged at the connection position of a flat key and is installed in the oil storage groove (2) in a matching mode.

4. The self-lubricating gear of claim 1, wherein: the oil liquid impregnated in the porous oil storage body (7) is blend oil of base oil, and the kinematic viscosity of the blend oil is 10mm/s²-25mm/s²。

5. The self-lubricating gear of claim 1, wherein: the top of the oil storage groove (2) is axially processed with 2-4 circles of oil holes (3), the number of the oil holes in each circle is equal to the number of the tooth groove grooves, and an outlet on a tooth root circle at the tooth groove position of the gear teeth of the oil holes (3) is opposite to the meshing position of the gear teeth.

6. The self-lubricating gear of claim 1, wherein: the oil hole (3) is a cylindrical round hole, and the diameter of the oil hole is 0.1 mm-2 mm; the oil hole (3) inclines backwards along the rotating direction, the tail end of the oil hole is intersected with the gear tooth root circle, the included angle between the axis of the oil hole and the radial line passing through the intersection point is 10-20 degrees, and the outlet of the oil hole (3) is opposite to the gear tooth meshing position.

7. The self-lubricating gear of claim 1, wherein: cylindrical pits of the gear microtexture (4): the diameter of the pit is 5-10 μm, and the depth is 3-6 μm.

8. The self-lubricating gear of claim 7, wherein: the row number of the cylindrical pits on the single-tooth single surface is 2-10 rows, the column number is 2-10 columns, and the row spacing and the column spacing are both 10-20 mu m'

9. A seal assembly, characterized by: the self-lubricating gear comprises the self-lubricating gear, a gear shaft (8) and a flat key (6) as claimed in claims 1 to 8, wherein the flat key (6), the gear shaft (8) and two gear end faces of the self-lubricating gear form a sealing assembly, and the flat key (6), the gear shaft (8) and a key groove (5) of a gear base body (1) are in interference fit.

10. A seal assembly according to claim 1, wherein: micro-texture pits are formed on the surfaces of the flat keys (6) matched with the gear key grooves (5); the diameter of the microtexture pit is 5-10 μm, and the depth is 3-6 μm.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of gear transmission, in particular to a self-lubricating gear with a self-oil-supply and self-return function.

Background

The gear transmission has the advantages of simple structure, large transmission torque, high working efficiency, wide applicable speed range and the like, and is widely applied to mechanical equipment such as a coupler, a gearbox, a speed reducer and the like. After working for a certain time, the gear is in failure and damage forms, such as tooth surface abrasion, gluing, tooth root fracture and the like, and the phenomena are related to the early failure of the gear caused by improper lubrication. How to realize the efficient lubrication of gear transmission is a difficult problem to be solved urgently in the industry.

The existing gear transmission device mostly adopts a splash lubrication mode, namely, oil at the bottom of a gear box is brought into a gear meshing position by a rotating gear for lubrication, but the splash lubrication oil quantity is not easy to control: when the amount of lubricating oil is less, the effective lubricating effect is difficult to play; when the amount of lubricating oil is large, the oil stirring resistance of the gear is increased, the transmission efficiency and the temperature rise of the oil are large, and the lubricating quality is influenced. In addition, when the lubricating oil loss is totally used up, if not timely replenishment lubricating oil liquid will lead to flank of tooth abnormal wear, so need often refuel the maintenance, increase the human cost, bring great hidden danger more for equipment operation production safety.

Along with the development of the gear transmission towards the trend of high speed and heavy load, the lubricating oil is difficult to attach to the gear due to the huge centrifugal force when the gear rotates at high speed, the amount of the lubricating oil entering a meshing area is small, insufficient lubrication is caused, the oil is extruded out of the meshing area due to high contact load, an effective dynamic pressure oil film is difficult to form, the tooth surface of a meshing tooth is easy to lack of oil lubrication, and serious damage is brought to the precision and the service life of a gear transmission system. Therefore, a more efficient lubrication method is urgently needed to solve these problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a self-lubricating gear with oil supply and return functions, which can supply lubricating oil to the gear tooth meshing part and form dynamic pressure oil film lubrication on the tooth surface, and the oil rewet is stored for recycling after the gear stops rotating. Simultaneously, it can realize that lubricating oil is accurate to be supplied to the tooth of a cogwheel meshing position to guarantee lubricated effect. In addition, the invention also provides a sealing assembly, which has double guarantee on the sealing effect, good oil leakage prevention effect, low oil loss, no need of frequent oil supplement and convenience for long-term lubrication. In a word, the self-lubricating gear ensures the efficient lubrication of the gear, avoids excessive oil waste and energy loss, and meets the working requirements of a gear transmission system.

The invention relates to a self-lubricating gear with oil supply and return functions, which comprises a gear base body, an oil storage groove, a porous oil storage body, an oil hole, a tooth surface micro-texture and a key groove, wherein the oil storage groove is formed in the gear base body; the oil storage groove is annular as a whole, is arranged at the inner hole of the gear base body and extends into the gear base body; the porous oil storage body is integrally annular and is arranged in the oil storage groove in a matching way; one end of the oil hole is arranged on the top of the oil storage groove, and the other end of the oil hole is arranged on a tooth root circle at the tooth socket of the gear teeth of the gear base body; the tooth surface micro texture is arranged on the front tooth surface and the rear tooth surface of each gear tooth of the gear matrix, and the tooth surface micro texture is a cylindrical pit.

Further, the material of the porous oil storage body is one or more of Polyimide (PI), Polyethyleneimine (PEI) and the like; the porous oil storage body is prepared based on a cold pressing sintering process, the pressing pressure is 200 MPa-300 MPa, the sintering temperature is 250-300 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2 hours, and the oil storage rate of the sintered porous oil storage body is 45-68%.

Furthermore, the whole porous oil storage body is of an annular structure, and a key groove is arranged at the connection position of the flat key and is installed in the oil storage groove in a matched mode.

Further, the oil liquid impregnated in the porous oil storage body is blend oil of base oil, and the kinematic viscosity of the blend oil is 10mm/s²-25mm/s²。

Further, 2-4 circles of oil holes are axially processed at the top of the oil storage groove, the number of the oil holes in each circle is equal to the number of the tooth groove grooves, and outlets on tooth root circles at tooth grooves of the oil holes are opposite to the meshing positions of the gear teeth.

Furthermore, the oil hole is a cylindrical round hole, and the diameter of the oil hole is 0.1-2 mm; the oil hole inclines backward along the rotation direction, the tail end of the oil hole is intersected with the gear tooth root circle, the included angle between the axis of the oil hole and the radial line passing through the intersection point is 10-20 degrees, and the outlet of the oil hole is opposite to the meshing position of the gear teeth.

Further, the cylindrical pits of the gear microtexture: the diameter of the pit is 5-10 μm, and the depth is 3-6 μm.

Furthermore, the number of rows of the cylindrical pits on the single-tooth single surface is 2-10, the number of columns is 2-10, and the row spacing and the column spacing are both 10-20 mu m.

Furthermore, the sealing assembly comprises a self-lubricating gear, a gear shaft and a flat key, wherein the flat key, the gear shaft and two gear end faces of the self-lubricating gear form the sealing assembly, and the flat key is in interference fit with the gear shaft and a key groove of the gear base body.

Furthermore, micro-texture pits are formed in the surfaces, matched with the gear key grooves, of the flat keys; the diameter of the microtexture pit is 5-10 μm, and the depth is 3-6 μm.

The beneficial effects of the invention are embodied in the following aspects: the gear comprises a gear base body, an oil storage groove, an oil hole and a tooth surface micro-texture, wherein the oil storage groove, the oil hole and the tooth surface micro-texture are arranged on the gear base body, a porous oil storage body is arranged in the oil storage groove, oil is thrown out of the porous oil storage body under the action of centrifugal force of high-speed rotation of a gear in the working process, oil channels are inclined along the radial direction and are sprayed to the meshing surfaces of gear teeth to realize accurate lubrication, the oil is stored in the tooth surface micro-texture to play a continuous lubrication effect, and the tooth surface micro-texture forms a wedge-shaped convergence gap in the relative movement process of the two meshing surfaces of the gear; after the gear stops rotating, under the action of the microporous capillary force, the sprayed oil is absorbed and seeped into the oil return hole and is newly stored by the porous oil storage body for recycling; excessive oil liquid waste and energy loss can not occur, frequent oil supplement or oil storage assembly disassembly and assembly is avoided, efficient lubrication and continuous lubrication of the gear are guaranteed, and the working requirement of a gear transmission system is met; secondly, the oil hole is a cylindrical hole which is inclined backwards along the rotating direction, so that on one hand, the axis of the oil hole is close to the oil throwing flow trace of the gear, the oil throwing resistance is reduced, and the oil spraying power is enhanced; meanwhile, the oil hole is inclined, so that the outlet of the oil hole can be more reasonably arranged on the arc of the tooth root instead of the transition arc between the gear tooth and the tooth root circle, and the gear tooth is prevented from being broken at the tooth root; thirdly, the flat key, the gear shaft and the gear end face jointly form a sealing assembly to play a role in sealing; the upper surface of the flat key is provided with a micro-texture pit, and under the action of the micro-texture pit, a small part of oil overflowing into the surface of the flat key forms dynamic pressure to play a role in dynamic pressure sealing; the sealing effect has double guarantees, the oil leakage prevention effect is good, the oil loss is low, frequent oil supplement is not needed, and long-acting lubrication is facilitated.

In a word, the self-lubricating gear has the spontaneous oil supply and return functions, oil can be recycled, external power input is not needed, and energy is saved and consumption is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a structural view of a self-lubricating gear of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a self-lubricating gear of the present invention that does not include a porous oil reservoir;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the self-lubricating gear of the present invention not including a porous oil reservoir;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the seal assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an exploded view of a component of the seal assembly of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic view of the flat key structure of the seal assembly of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

Example 1

As can be seen from fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the self-lubricating gear with oil supply and return functions of the present invention comprises a gear base 1, an oil storage groove 2, a porous oil storage body 7, an oil hole 3, a tooth surface microtexture 4 and a key groove 5; the oil storage groove 2 is annular as a whole, is formed in the inner hole of the gear base body 1 and extends into the gear base body 1; the porous oil storage body 7 is annular as a whole and is arranged in the oil storage groove 2 in a matching way; one end of the oil hole 3 is arranged on the top of the oil storage groove 2, and the other end of the oil hole is arranged on a tooth root circle at the tooth socket of the gear teeth of the gear base body 1; the tooth surface micro texture 4 is arranged on the front tooth surface and the rear tooth surface of each gear tooth of the gear matrix 1, and the tooth surface micro texture 4 is a cylindrical pit.

Wherein, the outer ring surface of the oil storage groove 2 is aligned with the inner hole of the gear, and the inner ring surface of the oil storage groove extends into the gear matrix 1.

The working principle of the self-lubricating gear is as follows: the porous oil storage body 7 is arranged in the gear matrix 1, oil is thrown out of the porous oil storage body 7 by the centrifugal force action of high-speed rotation of the gear in the working process, is sprayed to the meshing surface of the gear teeth along the oil hole 3 and is stored in the tooth surface microtexture 4 in the tooth surface meshing area, so that the continuous lubricating effect is achieved, in the relative movement process of the two meshing surfaces of the gear teeth, the tooth surface microtexture 4 forms a wedge-shaped convergence gap, the generation of a dynamic pressure oil film is facilitated, and the oil film lubrication enhancing effect is achieved, so that the sprayed oil can precisely lubricate the meshing surface; after the gear stops rotating, under the action of the microporous capillary force of the tooth surface microtexture 4, the sprayed oil is sucked back to the oil hole 3 and is stored again by the porous oil storage body 7, so that the gear is convenient to recycle, excessive oil waste and energy loss can be avoided, frequent oil supplement or oil storage assembly disassembly and assembly can be avoided, efficient lubrication and continuous lubrication of the gear can be guaranteed, and the working requirement of a gear transmission system can be met.

Example 2

The invention discloses a self-lubricating gear: the material of the porous oil storage body 7 is one or a combination of more of Polyimide (PI), Polyethyleneimine (PEI) and the like; the porous oil storage body 7 is prepared based on a cold pressing sintering process, the pressing pressure is 200 MPa-300 MPa, the sintering temperature is 250-300 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2 hours, and the oil storage rate of the sintered porous oil storage body is 45-68%.

Polyimide (PI) and polyethylene imine (PEI) are organic high molecular materials, have good stability and still have good performance under the condition of high temperature. The porous oil storage body 7 is prepared based on a cold-pressing sintering process, and has a certain pore oil content and certain mechanical strength after cold-pressing sintering and vacuum oil immersion treatment. The pores in the porous oil storage body 7 are randomly distributed, the oil locking capacity of the pores is high, and oil can be continuously separated out to lubricate the gear meshing surface for a long time.

Example 3

The invention discloses a self-lubricating gear: the whole porous oil storage body 7 is of an annular structure, and a key groove is arranged at the connection position of a flat key and is installed in the oil storage groove 2 in a matching mode.

The porous oil storage body 7 is arranged in the oil storage groove 2, the porous oil storage body and the oil storage groove are in interference fit, and a key groove on the porous oil storage body and a key groove on the gear base body 1 form a whole, so that the installation of a flat key is easy.

Example 4

The invention discloses a self-lubricating gear: the oil liquid impregnated in the porous oil storage body 7 is blend oil of base oil, and the kinematic viscosity of the blend oil is 10mm/s²-25mm/s²。

The kinematic viscosity in the range can ensure that the flowing property and the viscosity-temperature property of the oil are good, so that the gear can be better lubricated.

Example 5

The invention discloses a self-lubricating gear: the top of the oil storage groove 2 is axially processed with 2-4 circles of oil holes 3, the number of the oil holes in each circle is equal to the number of the tooth groove grooves, and an outlet on a tooth root circle at the tooth groove of the gear tooth of the oil hole 3 is opposite to the gear tooth meshing position.

2 ~ 4 oilholes 3 are evenly distributed on every tooth's socket, and under the effect of high-speed centrifugal force, fluid reaches tooth root circle of tooth's socket department from the top of oil storage recess 2 through oilhole 3 and throws away along the oilhole outward promptly, and the gear meshing position is supplied with to the accuracy to guarantee lubricated.

Example 6

The invention discloses a self-lubricating gear: the oil hole 3 is a cylindrical round hole, and the diameter of the oil hole is 0.1 mm-2 mm; the oil hole 3 inclines backwards along the rotating direction, the tail end of the oil hole is intersected with the gear tooth root circle, the included angle between the axis of the oil hole and the radial line passing through the intersection point is 10-20 degrees, and the outlet of the oil hole 3 is opposite to the gear tooth meshing position.

The diameter of the oil hole 3 is required to ensure the lubrication of the gear and prevent excessive lubricating oil. The oil holes 3 are not arranged along the radial direction, and the oil holes are inclined backwards along the rotating direction, so that the oil hole center line is close to a flow trace of thrown oil liquid, the oil liquid flow resistance is reduced, the oil liquid spraying power is enhanced, the oil liquid is sprayed out at the oil hole outlet at a high speed, and the oil liquid can accurately reach the gear meshing position.

Example 7

The invention discloses a self-lubricating gear: cylindrical pits of gear microtexture 4: the diameter of the pit is 5-10 μm, and the depth is 3-6 μm.

The role of the cylindrical pit is twofold: when the gear rotates at a high speed, oil is sprayed out of the inclined oil hole 3 to a tooth surface meshing part and then is stored in a microtextured pit of a tooth surface microtexture 4 in a meshing area, and a wedge-shaped convergence gap is formed under the action of the pit, so that the fed oil can form a dynamic pressure oil film, the lubrication effect is enhanced, and the dynamic pressure oil film is kept by the pit to form long-acting oil film lubrication; after the gear stops rotating, oil permeates back into the porous oil storage body under the action of capillary force, so that the oil is convenient to recycle, the waste and energy loss of the oil are avoided, the efficient and continuous lubrication of the gear is guaranteed, and the working requirement of a gear transmission system is met.

Example 8

The invention discloses a self-lubricating gear: the row number of the cylindrical pits on the single-tooth single surface is 2-10 rows, the column number is 2-10 columns, and the row spacing and the column spacing are both 10-20 mu m'

The number of rows and columns of the cylindrical pits on the single surface of the single tooth is determined according to the height size and the width size of the tooth surface of the gear, and the intensity of the gear teeth is ensured while the lubricating effect is ensured.

Example 9

As can be seen from fig. 5 and 6, the seal assembly of the present invention includes a self-lubricating gear, a gear shaft 8, and a flat key 6, wherein the flat key 6, the gear shaft 8, and two gear end faces of the self-lubricating gear form the seal assembly, and the flat key 6, the gear shaft 8, and the key groove 5 of the gear base 1 are in interference fit.

The sealing assembly can prevent oil in the oil storage tank from overflowing and leaking, has low oil loss, does not need frequent oil supplement, and is convenient for long-term lubrication of the self-lubricating gear.

Example 10

As can be seen from fig. 7, the seal assembly of the present invention: a micro-texture pit is formed on the surface of the flat key 5 matched with the gear key groove; the diameter of the microtexture pit is 5-10 μm, and the depth is 3-6 μm.

Under the action of the micro-texture pits, a small part of oil overflowing into the surface of the flat key forms dynamic pressure to play a role in dynamic pressure sealing, and the sealing effect can be further enhanced.

In the working process of the self-lubricating gear, oil stored in a porous oil storage body 7 is separated out under the action of centrifugal force of high-speed rotation of the gear and thrown out along an inclined oil hole 3 at a high speed, and is accurately supplied to a gear tooth meshing part to lubricate the surface of the gear, and meanwhile, the oil is stored in a tooth surface microtexture 4 in a tooth surface meshing area to play a continuous lubricating effect, and in the relative movement process of two meshing surfaces of the gear, micro pits of the tooth surface microtexture 4 form a wedge-shaped convergence gap, so that a dynamic pressure oil film is generated conveniently, and an oil film lubrication enhancing effect is played; after the gear stops rotating, oil returns under the action of capillary force and is absorbed and seeped into the oil return hole, and is stored again by the porous oil storage body 7 so as to be recycled, so that excessive oil waste and energy loss can be avoided, frequent oil supplement or oil storage assembly disassembly and assembly can be avoided, efficient lubrication and continuous lubrication of the gear can be guaranteed, and the working requirement of a gear transmission system can be met. Therefore, the self-lubricating gear can supply oil, recover and store lubricating oil spontaneously, and the oil is recycled without additionally increasing an oil supply power element and an oil conveying pipeline, so that the production cost is reduced, and the lubricating quality is ensured. The gear in the invention can be an involute straight gear, a helical gear or other special-shaped gears and the like.