阅读说明：本技术 一种单活塞电液伺服恒速变距螺旋桨机构 (Single-piston electro-hydraulic servo constant-speed variable-pitch propeller mechanism ) 是由 史立 洪俊 潘新旗 于 2021-02-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提出了一种单活塞电液伺服恒速变距螺旋桨机构,整流罩组件、桨毂总成和多个桨叶；桨毂总成包括桨毂壳体、变距机构和弹性复位机构,桨毂壳体安装在整流罩组件内,桨毂壳体一侧设置有液压缸；变距机构包括活塞、变距块、电动双向油泵,变距块滑动安装在桨毂壳体内,活塞滑动安装在液压缸内并且活塞与变距块连接,电动双向油泵安装在变距块内并与液压缸连接；弹性复位机构安装在桨毂壳体内并位于桨毂壳体远离液压缸一侧,弹性复位机构与变距块连接并用于带动变距机构复位；多个桨叶周向分布并且桨叶穿过整流罩组件后与桨毂壳体转动连接,桨叶的变距销与变距块连接。本发明对螺旋桨的变距控制精度高,响应速度快,驱动力大,损耗功率小,安全性能高,适用范围广。(The invention provides a single-piston electro-hydraulic servo constant-speed variable-pitch propeller mechanism, which comprises a fairing assembly, a propeller hub assembly and a plurality of blades; the propeller hub assembly comprises a propeller hub shell, a variable pitch mechanism and an elastic reset mechanism, wherein the propeller hub shell is arranged in the fairing assembly, and one side of the propeller hub shell is provided with a hydraulic cylinder; the pitch-variable mechanism comprises a piston, a pitch-variable block and an electric bidirectional oil pump, the pitch-variable block is slidably mounted in the propeller hub shell, the piston is slidably mounted in the hydraulic cylinder and connected with the pitch-variable block, and the electric bidirectional oil pump is mounted in the pitch-variable block and connected with the hydraulic cylinder; the elastic resetting mechanism is arranged in the propeller hub shell and is positioned on one side of the propeller hub shell, which is far away from the hydraulic cylinder, and the elastic resetting mechanism is connected with the variable-pitch block and is used for driving the variable-pitch mechanism to reset; the plurality of blades are distributed in the circumferential direction, the blades penetrate through the fairing assembly and then are connected with the hub shell in a rotating mode, and the variable pitch pins of the blades are connected with the variable pitch block. The invention has the advantages of high control precision of the variable pitch of the propeller, high response speed, large driving force, small power loss, high safety performance and wide application range.)

1. A single-piston electro-hydraulic servo constant-speed variable-pitch propeller mechanism is characterized by comprising a fairing assembly, a propeller hub assembly and a plurality of blades (5); wherein:

the propeller hub assembly comprises a propeller hub shell (2), a variable pitch mechanism and an elastic reset mechanism, wherein the propeller hub shell (2) is arranged in the fairing component, and one side of the propeller hub shell (2) is provided with a hydraulic cylinder (7); the pitch-variable mechanism comprises a piston (8), a pitch-variable block (6) and an electric two-way oil pump (4), the pitch-variable block (6) is slidably mounted in the propeller hub shell (2), the piston (8) is slidably mounted in a hydraulic cylinder (7) and is connected with the pitch-variable block (6), and the electric two-way oil pump (4) is mounted in the pitch-variable block (6) and is connected with the hydraulic cylinder; the elastic reset mechanism is arranged in the propeller hub shell (2) and is positioned on one side, away from the hydraulic cylinder (7), of the propeller hub shell (2), and the elastic reset mechanism is connected with the variable-pitch block (6) and is used for driving the variable-pitch mechanism to reset;

the plurality of blades (5) are distributed in the circumferential direction, the blades (5) penetrate through the fairing assembly and then are connected with the hub shell (2) in a rotating mode, and the variable-pitch pins (27) of the blades (5) are connected with the variable-pitch block (6).

2. The single-piston electro-hydraulic servo constant-speed variable-pitch propeller mechanism is characterized in that a first sealing ring (9) is installed outside the piston (8), and a second sealing ring (10) is installed at the connecting position of the piston (8) and the variable-pitch block (6).

3. The single-piston electro-hydraulic servo constant-speed variable-pitch propeller mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that an oil bag chamber is arranged in the piston (8), a flexible oil bag (11) is arranged in the oil bag chamber, a cover plate (12) for sealing the oil bag chamber is arranged on one side of the piston (8) close to the variable-pitch block (6), and the cover plate (12) is connected with the variable-pitch block (6); the electric two-way oil pump (4) is connected with a first oil pipe (13) and a second oil pipe (14), the first oil pipe (13) penetrates through the cover plate (12), the flexible oil storage bag (11), the piston (8) and the hydraulic cylinder (7) to be communicated, and the second oil pipe (14) penetrates through the cover plate (12) and is communicated with the flexible oil storage bag (11).

4. A single-piston electro-hydraulic servo constant-speed variable-pitch propeller mechanism according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein a hub rear cover (15) is mounted on the side of the hub shell (2) away from the hydraulic cylinder (7), and the hub rear cover (15) is connected with the hub shell (2) through bolts; the elastic reset mechanism comprises a reset spring (3) and a guide rod (16), the guide rod (16) is arranged in the propeller hub rear cover (15), one end of the guide rod (16) is connected with the variable-pitch block (6), the other end of the guide rod (16) penetrates through the propeller hub rear cover (15) and is connected with the propeller hub rear cover (15) in a sliding fit mode, and the reset spring (3) is sleeved on the guide rod (16).

5. The single-piston electrohydraulic servo constant-speed variable-pitch propeller mechanism as recited in claim 4, wherein a first bushing (17) is sleeved outside one end of the guide rod (16) close to the variable-pitch block (6), and the first bushing (17), the guide rod (16) and the variable-pitch block (6) are connected through a bolt; a second bushing (18) is sleeved outside one end, far away from the variable pitch block (6), of the guide rod (16), and the second bushing (18) is installed on the inner side of the propeller hub rear cover (15) through a bolt; one end of the return spring (3) is sleeved outside the first bushing (17) and is abutted against the first bushing (17), and the other end of the return spring (3) is sleeved outside the second bushing (18) and is abutted against the second bushing (18).

6. The single-piston electro-hydraulic servo constant-speed variable-pitch propeller mechanism as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a plurality of sliding limiting grooves (19) are circumferentially arranged on the variable pitch block (6), the plurality of sliding limiting grooves (19) are respectively arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of blades (5), a filling block (20) and a variable pitch sliding block (21) are clamped in the sliding limiting grooves (19), and a variable pitch pin (27) of each blade (5) is inserted in a limiting hole (22) of the variable pitch sliding block (21).

7. A single-piston electro-hydraulic servo constant-speed variable-pitch propeller mechanism according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the fairing assembly comprises a fairing (1) and a bottom plate (25), one end of the fairing (1) is open, the bottom plate (25) is installed at the opening position of the fairing (1) through bolts, the hub shell (2) is installed on the bottom plate (25) through bolts, and the hydraulic cylinder (7) and the hub shell (2) are integrally formed.

8. The single-piston electrohydraulic servo constant-speed variable-pitch propeller mechanism according to claim 7 is characterized in that a plurality of through holes (23) are formed in the outer circumference of the fairing (1), and a plurality of blades (5) are connected with the propeller hub shell (2) through blade bearings (24) after respectively penetrating through the plurality of through holes (23).

9. The single-piston electro-hydraulic servo constant-speed variable-pitch propeller mechanism as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a through central hole (26) is formed in the variable-pitch block (6), the electric bidirectional oil pump (4) is arranged in the central hole (26), and the electric bidirectional oil pump (4) is fixedly bonded with the variable-pitch block (6).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of propellers, in particular to a single-piston electro-hydraulic servo constant-speed variable-pitch propeller mechanism.

Background

The constant-speed variable-pitch propeller is designed to rotate at a designated speed and vary the pitch, the rotating speed of an engine is not changed, the control of thrust is realized by changing the pitch, and high propeller efficiency can be obtained under the conditions of different flight states and power regulation.

The currently used constant-speed variable-pitch propeller has two pitch changing forms of hydraulic pitch changing and electric pitch changing. However, the blade rotating mechanism of a hydraulic variable pitch propeller is driven by the pressure of engine oil, the movement of the oil is regulated by a centrifugal regulator, the mechanism is complex, and the engine can be stopped in the air once the oil leaks. The blade rotation of the electric variable pitch propeller is driven by a motor, the starting of the motor is controlled by a digital regulator, the control precision is high, but the motor is limited by the driving power and the weight of the motor, and the electric variable pitch propeller is only suitable for small propellers. How to solve the above problems is a technical problem to be solved urgently by the technical personnel in the field.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides a single-piston electro-hydraulic servo constant-speed variable-pitch propeller mechanism.

The invention provides a single-piston electro-hydraulic servo constant-speed variable-pitch propeller mechanism, which comprises a fairing assembly, a propeller hub assembly and a plurality of blades; wherein:

the propeller hub assembly comprises a propeller hub shell, a variable pitch mechanism and an elastic reset mechanism, wherein the propeller hub shell is arranged in the fairing assembly, and one side of the propeller hub shell is provided with a hydraulic cylinder; the pitch-variable mechanism comprises a piston, a pitch-variable block and an electric bidirectional oil pump, the pitch-variable block is slidably mounted in the propeller hub shell, the piston is slidably mounted in the hydraulic cylinder and connected with the pitch-variable block, and the electric bidirectional oil pump is mounted in the pitch-variable block and connected with the hydraulic cylinder; the elastic resetting mechanism is arranged in the propeller hub shell and is positioned on one side of the propeller hub shell, which is far away from the hydraulic cylinder, and the elastic resetting mechanism is connected with the variable-pitch block and is used for driving the variable-pitch mechanism to reset;

the plurality of blades are distributed in the circumferential direction, the blades penetrate through the fairing assembly and then are connected with the hub shell in a rotating mode, and the variable pitch pins of the blades are connected with the variable pitch block.

Preferably, a first sealing ring is installed outside the piston, and a second sealing ring is installed at the connecting position of the piston and the variable pitch block.

Preferably, an oil bag chamber is arranged in the piston, a flexible oil storage bag is arranged in the oil bag chamber, a cover plate for sealing the oil bag chamber is arranged on one side of the piston close to the variable pitch block, and the cover plate is connected with the variable pitch block; the electric bidirectional oil pump is connected with a first oil pipe and a second oil pipe, the first oil pipe penetrates through the cover plate, the flexible oil storage bag and the piston to be communicated with the hydraulic cylinder, and the second oil pipe penetrates through the cover plate to be communicated with the flexible oil storage bag.

Preferably, a hub rear cover is installed on one side, away from the hydraulic cylinder, of the hub shell, and the hub rear cover is connected with the hub shell through bolts; the elastic reset mechanism comprises a reset spring and a guide rod, the guide rod is arranged in the propeller hub rear cover, one end of the guide rod is connected with the variable pitch block, the other end of the guide rod penetrates through the propeller hub rear cover and is connected with the propeller hub rear cover in a sliding fit mode, and the reset spring is sleeved on the guide rod.

Preferably, a first bushing is sleeved outside one end of the guide rod, which is close to the variable pitch block, and the first bushing, the guide rod and the variable pitch block are connected through bolts; a second bushing is sleeved outside one end, far away from the variable pitch block, of the guide rod, and the second bushing is installed on the inner side of the propeller hub rear cover through a bolt; one end of the return spring is sleeved outside the first bushing and abutted against the first bushing, and the other end of the return spring is sleeved outside the second bushing and abutted against the second bushing.

Preferably, a plurality of sliding limiting grooves are circumferentially formed in the variable-pitch block, the sliding limiting grooves are respectively arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of blades, the filling block and the variable-pitch sliding block are connected in the sliding limiting grooves in a clamping mode, and the variable-pitch pins of the blades are connected in limiting holes of the variable-pitch sliding block in an inserting mode.

Preferably, the fairing assembly comprises a fairing and a bottom plate, one end of the fairing is open, the bottom plate is installed at the opening position of the fairing through a bolt, the hub shell is installed on the bottom plate through a bolt, and the hydraulic cylinder and the hub shell are integrally processed and formed.

Preferably, a plurality of through holes are formed in the circumferential direction of the outer portion of the fairing, and a plurality of blades penetrate through the through holes respectively and then are connected with the hub shell through blade bearings.

Preferably, the variable pitch block is provided with a through center hole, the electric two-way oil pump is arranged in the center hole, and the electric two-way oil pump is fixed with the variable pitch block in a glued joint manner.

According to the single-piston electro-hydraulic servo constant-speed variable-pitch propeller mechanism, the electric two-way oil pump is driven by the low-power direct-current motor, the movement of the variable-pitch mechanism is realized by the oil pumping pressure of the electric two-way oil pump, the variable-pitch mechanism is driven to move in the reverse direction by the elasticity of the elastic resetting mechanism, the two-way movement of the variable-pitch mechanism is realized, so that the blades are driven to rotate along the blade shaft, the control of the rotating torque of the propeller is realized by changing the pitch, and higher propeller efficiency can be obtained under the conditions of different flight states and power regulation. The motor is controlled by the digital propeller regulator, the variable pitch control precision of the propeller is high, the response speed is high, the safety performance is high, the power loss is low, the driving force is large, and the application range is wide.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-piston electro-hydraulic servo constant-speed variable-pitch propeller mechanism provided by the invention;

fig. 2 is an exploded view of a single-piston electro-hydraulic servo constant-speed variable-pitch propeller mechanism provided by the invention.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the invention provides a single-piston electro-hydraulic servo constant-speed variable-pitch propeller mechanism, which comprises a fairing assembly, a propeller hub assembly and a plurality of blades 5; wherein:

the fairing assembly comprises a fairing 1 and a bottom plate 25, wherein one end of the fairing 1 is open, the bottom plate 25 is mounted at the opening position of the fairing 1 through a bolt, and a plurality of through holes 23 are formed in the peripheral direction outside the fairing 1.

The hub assembly comprises a hub shell 2, a pitch changing mechanism and an elastic resetting mechanism. The hub shell 2 is arranged in the inner blade of the fairing 1 and is arranged on the bottom plate 25 through bolts, and one side of the hub shell 2 is integrally provided with a hydraulic cylinder 7. The pitch-changing mechanism comprises a piston 8, a pitch-changing block 6 and an electric bidirectional oil pump 4; the pitch-variable block 6 is slidably mounted in the propeller hub shell 2, a plurality of sliding limiting grooves 19 are circumferentially arranged on the pitch-variable block 6, the plurality of sliding limiting grooves 19 are respectively arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of blades 5, and a filling block 20 and a pitch-variable sliding block 21 are clamped in the sliding limiting grooves 19; the piston 8 is slidably arranged in the hydraulic cylinder 7, and the piston 8 is connected with the variable pitch block 6; the electric bidirectional oil pump 4 is arranged in the variable pitch block 6 and is connected with the hydraulic cylinder 7; the elastic reset mechanism is installed in the propeller hub shell 2 and is positioned on one side, far away from the hydraulic cylinder 7, of the propeller hub shell 2, and the elastic reset mechanism is connected with the variable-pitch block 6 and is used for driving the variable-pitch mechanism to reset.

A plurality of blades 5 are distributed circumferentially, the blades 5 are rotatably connected with the hub shell 2 after penetrating through the fairing assembly, and the pitch pins 27 of the blades 5 are connected with the pitch blocks 6.

The invention drives the electric two-way oil pump 4 by a low-power direct current motor, drives the pitch-variable mechanism to move by the oil pumping pressure of the electric two-way oil pump 4, drives the pitch-variable mechanism to do reverse motion by the self elasticity of the elastic reset mechanism, realizes the two-way motion of the pitch-variable mechanism, thereby driving the blades 6 to rotate along the blade shaft, realizes the control of the rotating torque of the propeller by changing the blade pitch, and can obtain higher propeller efficiency under the conditions of different flight states and power regulation. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: when the electric two-way oil pump 4 works to supply oil to the hydraulic cylinder 7, hydraulic oil with certain pressure enters the hydraulic cylinder 7 to push the piston 8 to move, the piston 8 moves to drive the pitch-variable mechanism to integrally move and extrude the elastic reset mechanism, and the movement of the pitch-variable block 6 drives the blades 6 to rotate along the blade shaft to change the blade pitch; when the hydraulic cylinder 7 returns oil to the electric bidirectional oil pump 4, the elastic resetting mechanism drives the pitch-variable mechanism to move reversely through the elasticity of the elastic resetting mechanism, and the pitch-variable block 6 moves to drive the blades 6 to rotate along the blade shaft so as to change the blade pitch.

In the specific embodiment, in order to improve the assembly tightness, a first sealing ring 9 is installed outside the piston 8, and a second sealing ring 10 is installed at the connecting position of the piston 8 and the distance changing block 6.

In the specific embodiment, an oil bag chamber is arranged in the piston 8, a flexible oil bag 11 is arranged in the oil bag chamber, a cover plate 12 for sealing the oil bag chamber is arranged on one side of the piston 8 close to the variable pitch block 6, and the cover plate 12 is connected with the variable pitch block 6. The electric two-way oil pump 4 is connected with a first oil pipe 13 and a second oil pipe 14, the first oil pipe 13 penetrates through the cover plate 12, the flexible oil storage bag 11 and the piston 8 to be communicated with the hydraulic cylinder 7, and the second oil pipe 14 penetrates through the cover plate 12 to be communicated with the flexible oil storage bag 11. By arranging the flexible oil storage bag 11, when the electric bidirectional oil pump 4 works to supply oil to the hydraulic cylinder 7, and oil in the flexible oil storage bag 11 is output to the hydraulic cylinder 7 by the oil pump, negative pressure is generated in the flexible oil storage bag 11 to deform, so that the oil supply can be prevented from being influenced; during oil return, the electric bidirectional oil pump 4 conveys oil in the hydraulic cylinder to the flexible oil storage bag 11, and the flexible oil storage bag 11 is restored to the original state.

In the specific embodiment, a hub rear cover 15 is mounted on the side of the hub housing 2 remote from the hydraulic cylinder 7, and the hub rear cover 15 is connected to the hub housing 2 by bolts. The elastic reset mechanism comprises a reset spring 3 and a guide rod 16, the guide rod 16 is arranged in the propeller hub rear cover 15, one end of the guide rod 16 is connected with the variable pitch block 6, the other end of the guide rod 16 penetrates through the propeller hub rear cover 15 and is connected with the propeller hub rear cover 15 in a sliding fit mode, and the reset spring 3 is sleeved on the guide rod 16. When the electric two-way oil pump 4 works to supply oil to the hydraulic cylinder 7, hydraulic oil with certain pressure enters the hydraulic cylinder 7 to push the piston 8 to move, the piston 8 moves to drive the pitch-variable mechanism to integrally move and push the guide rod 16 to move to extrude the return spring 3, and the blades 6 rotate along the blade shaft by the movement of the pitch-variable block 6 to change the blade pitch; when the hydraulic cylinder 7 returns oil to the electric bidirectional oil pump 4, the return spring 3 drives the pitch-variable mechanism to move reversely through the elasticity of the return spring, and the blades 6 rotate along the blade shaft by the movement of the pitch-variable block 6 to change the blade pitch.

In the specific embodiment, a first bushing 17 is sleeved outside one end of the guide rod 16 close to the pitch block 6, and the first bushing 17, the guide rod 16 and the pitch block 6 are connected through bolts. The end of the guide rod 16 far away from the variable pitch block 6 is externally sleeved with a second bushing 18, and the second bushing 18 is installed on the inner side of the hub rear cover 15 through a bolt. One end of the return spring 3 is sleeved outside the first bushing 17 and is abutted against the first bushing 17, and the other end of the return spring 3 is sleeved outside the second bushing 18 and is abutted against the second bushing 18.

In the specific embodiment, the pitch block 6 is provided with a through center hole 26, the electric two-way oil pump 4 is arranged in the center hole 26, and the electric two-way oil pump 4 is fixedly bonded with the pitch block 6.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.