Preparation method of cefuroxime acid
阅读说明：本技术 一种头孢呋辛酸的制备方法 (Preparation method of cefuroxime acid ) 是由 刘军浩 王勇进 赵振华 孙厚斌 孙永保 李凤侠 史韶华 徐红梅 于 2020-12-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种头孢呋辛酸的制备方法,包括如下步骤：(1)将D-7ACA加入到水中,滴加碱液溶解；加入甲氧亚氨基呋喃乙酰氯二氯甲烷溶液进行酰化反应,反应结束后分层得到水相,加入活性炭脱色,过滤,然后加入二氯甲烷并滴加盐酸进行结晶,过滤干燥,得到MDCC；(2)将MDCC加入有机溶剂中,加入氯磺酰异氰酸酯进行氨甲基酰化反应,待反应结束后,加预冷水进行水解得到头孢呋辛酸的混悬液；然后分多次滴加碱溶液,每次滴加完成后进行养晶,最后体系pH＝1.0～2.0,过滤、洗涤得到头孢呋辛酸产品。本发明所得到的产品稳定性好,产品流动性好,易分装；产品结晶尺寸相大大提高,稳定性明显得到改善。(The invention relates to a preparation method of cefuroxime acid, which comprises the following steps: (1) adding D-7ACA into water, and dropwise adding alkali liquor to dissolve; adding methoxyimino furan acetyl chloride dichloromethane solution for acylation reaction, layering after the reaction is finished to obtain a water phase, adding activated carbon for decolorization, filtering, then adding dichloromethane and dropwise adding hydrochloric acid for crystallization, filtering and drying to obtain MDCC; (2) adding MDCC into an organic solvent, adding chlorosulfonyl isocyanate to carry out aminomethyl acylation reaction, and after the reaction is finished, adding precooled water to carry out hydrolysis to obtain a suspension of cefuroxime acid; and then dropwise adding the aqueous alkali for multiple times, growing crystals after each dropwise adding is finished, and finally, filtering and washing to obtain the cefuroxime acid product, wherein the pH value of the system is 1.0-2.0. The product obtained by the invention has good stability, good product fluidity and easy split charging; the crystal size phase of the product is greatly improved, and the stability is obviously improved.)
1. A preparation method of cefuroxime acid suitable for industrial production comprises the following steps:
(1) adding D-7ACA into water, controlling the temperature to be 0-15 ℃, and dropwise adding alkali liquor to dissolve, wherein the dissolution pH is less than or equal to 10; adding methoxyimino furan acetyl chloride dichloromethane solution for acylation reaction, controlling the reaction temperature to be 0-15 ℃, and controlling the reaction pH to be 6.0-8.0; layering after the reaction is finished to obtain a water phase, adding activated carbon for decoloring, filtering, adding dichloromethane, controlling the temperature to be 10-20 ℃, dropwise adding hydrochloric acid for crystallization, and filtering and drying to obtain a cefuroxime intermediate MDCC (modified Madin-Darby Canine carbonate);
(2) adding MDCC into an organic solvent, controlling the temperature to be less than or equal to-30 ℃, adding chlorosulfonyl isocyanate, controlling the temperature to be-40 to-25 ℃ for aminomethyl acylation reaction, adding precooled water after the reaction is finished, and controlling the temperature to be 10-20 ℃ for hydrolysis to obtain a suspension of cefuroxime acid; and then controlling the temperature to be 0-20 ℃, dropwise adding the alkali solution for multiple times, growing crystals after each dropwise adding is finished, and finally, filtering and washing to obtain the cefuroxime acid product, wherein the pH value of the system is 1.0-2.0.
2. The method for preparing cefuroxime acid suitable for industrial production according to claim 1, wherein the pH of the acylation reaction in step (1) is 6.5-7.5.
3. The method for preparing cefuroxime acid suitable for industrial production according to claim 1, wherein the decoloring temperature in step (1) is 10 to 20 ℃.
4. The method for preparing cefuroxime acid suitable for industrial production according to claim 1, wherein the decolorization pH in step (1) is 5.0-7.0.
5. The process according to claim 1, wherein the amount of water used for hydrolysis in step (2) is 1.5 to 3 times the mass of MDCC.
6. The process for preparing cefuroxime acid suitable for industrial production according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of water at the end of crystallization in step (2): the volume ratio of the organic solvent in the reaction is more than or equal to 4: 1.
7. The process for preparing cefuroxime acid suitable for industrial production according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of water at the end of crystallization in step (2): the volume ratio of the reaction organic solvent is 4: 1-6: 1.
8. The process for preparing cefuroxime acid suitable for industrial production according to claim 1, wherein the organic solvent used in the reaction in step (2) is acetone or tetrahydrofuran.
9. The method for preparing cefuroxime acid suitable for industrial production according to claim 1, wherein the alkali used in the alkali solution in step (2) is one or more of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate and ammonia water.
10. The method for preparing cefuroxime acid suitable for industrial production according to claim 1, wherein in step (2), the alkaline solution is added dropwise for three times and crystal growth is performed, the temperature is controlled at 0-20 ℃ for the first time, and 1-2 hours of alkaline solution with the volume 1 time that of the organic solvent is added dropwise into the suspension of cefuroxime acid for crystal growth for 1-2 hours; continuously dropwise adding aqueous alkali with the volume 1 time of that of the organic solvent for 1-2 hours for the second time, and growing the crystals for 1-2 hours; and finally, continuously dropwise adding aqueous alkali with the volume of more than or equal to 1.5 times of that of the organic solvent for 0.5-1 h when the cefuroxime acid is used, controlling the pH value of the system to be 1.0-2.0, controlling the temperature to be 0-5 ℃, growing crystals for 1-2 h, filtering and washing to obtain the cefuroxime acid product.
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of cefuroxime acid, belonging to the technical field of drug synthesis.
Background
Cefuroxime acid (see formula I) is an intermediate of cefuroxime sodium, and cefuroxime sodium belongs to second-generation cephalosporin. It inhibits cell division and growth by binding to Penicillin Binding Proteins (PBPs) on the bacterial cell membrane, eventually causing the bacteria to lyse and die. Cefuroxime has broad-spectrum antibacterial effect and wide application range, and can be used for respiratory tract infection, ear infection, nose infection, throat infection, urinary tract infection, skin and soft tissue infection, bone and joint infection, gonorrhea, septicemia, meninges and other infections caused by sensitive bacteria.
At present, the process route for producing cefuroxime acid (formula I) at home and abroad takes 7-aminocephalosporanic acid (7-ACA) or deacetyl 7-aminocephalosporanic acid (D-7ACA) as a raw material, wherein D-7ACA is taken as a raw material, the process route is short, the cost is low, and the process route becomes a preferred raw material for companies at home and abroad. D-7ACA reacts with methoxyimino furan acetyl chloride to generate an intermediate, desaminomethyl cefuroxime, and then reacts with chlorosulfonyl isocyanate to obtain a target product through hydrolysis.
However, the stability of cefuroxime acid has been a big problem to be solved, and it is necessary to study how to obtain a product with good and stable crystal properties.
The method for synthesizing cefuroxime acid disclosed in chinese patent document CN101289456A comprises the steps of: (1) taking 7-aminocephalosporanic acid and methoxyimino furan ammonium acetate as raw materials, firstly carrying out N-acylation reaction, then hydrolyzing the acetyl at the 3-position of a reaction product, and finally crystallizing and separating MDCC in a water phase by using hydrochloric acid; (2) performing nucleophilic addition on MDCC and a strong carbamylation reagent chlorosulfonyl isocyanate in an organic solvent to obtain chlorosulfonylated cefuroxime, hydrolyzing to obtain cefuroxime acid, and crystallizing the product. The method is mainly technically characterized in that in the step (1), a strong alkaline environment is avoided during hydrolysis, and enzymatic hydrolysis with mild conditions is adopted, so that the yield of the product is improved by more than 8% and can reach 93%, and meanwhile, the stability of the product can be improved. The cefuroxime acid in the step (2) is crystallized in an aqueous phase environment, which is beneficial to removing impurities and acidic media, can improve the stability of the product and reduce the production cost. However, with the progress of science and technology, the D-7ACA becomes the mainstream production process, and the production cost can be reduced; and the cefuroxime acid crystal system is water phase, and the crystal of the product crystallized from the water phase is known to be extremely fine and is not suitable for centrifugal operation.
The method for synthesizing cefuroxime acid disclosed in chinese patent document CN106432267A is characterized in that the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) mixing the descarbamoyl cefuroxime in the liquid ester, adding a strong carbamylation reagent chlorosulfonyl isocyanate, and carrying out temperature-controlled reaction; (2) after the reaction is finished, adding purified water for hydrolysis; (3) after hydrolysis, adding liquid ester, adjusting the pH value to 1.9-2.0 with hydrochloric acid, standing for layering, and concentrating an organic layer in vacuum to obtain an organic layer concentrated solution; (4) adding purified water into the organic layer concentrated solution, crystallizing and filtering to obtain cefuroxime acid: the liquid ester in the steps (1) and (3) is selected from methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, methyl formate, ethyl formate and propyl formate. The liquid ester recovery treatment is difficult for the amplification production, and the concentration step exists in the process, so that the energy and the working hours are consumed in the actual production process.
The method for synthesizing cefuroxime acid disclosed in chinese patent document CN104072516A specifically comprises the following steps: A) dropwise adding chlorosulfonyl isocyanate into a mixed solution of ethyl acetate and 3-demethylamido cefuroxime acid at the temperature of 0-15 ℃; B) controlling the temperature within 15-25 ℃, continuously adding activated carbon into the reaction solution, stirring for reaction, and filtering; C) and taking the filtrate, cooling, adding water, continuously adding sodium bicarbonate, separating, removing an ethyl acetate layer, dropwise adding 30% HCl, adjusting the pH, cooling to 0-10 ℃, growing crystals, performing suction filtration, and washing the filter cake with water. During the cefuroxime acid crystallization process, the cefuroxime acid is subjected to a sodium salt forming dissolution process, and the stability of the feed liquid is poor in the process, so that the product is degraded and the color grade is increased.
In summary, the cefuroxime acid product obtained by the existing cefuroxime acid preparation process suitable for large-scale production has very small crystal particles, generally poor stability and higher product color grade. Therefore, how to improve the process, improve the stability of cefuroxime acid products, and reduce the color grade of the products becomes a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem of poor stability of the prior art, the invention provides a preparation process of cefuroxime acid, which has high purity, good properties and simple operation.
The invention takes D-7ACA as an initial raw material, an intermediate MDCC is prepared firstly, and then cefuroxime acid is prepared. The decoloring step in the conventional operation step of cefuroxime acid is removed, and the decoloring operation in the reaction process of generating cefuroxime acid is avoided by decoloring in the preparation step of MDCC, so that the color quality of the product is improved, and the product degradation in the dissolving process of cefuroxime acid alkali solution is avoided. Meanwhile, alkali liquor is added for multiple times after hydrolysis reaction for multiple times of crystallization, so that the crystal size is increased, the color is ensured, the yield is increased, the crystallization property of the product is improved, and the stability of the product is improved.
Description of terms:
unless otherwise specified, D-7ACA and MDCC as referred to herein are each specifically intended to refer to the corresponding compound in the specification.
The chemical structural formula of the deacetyl 7-aminocephalosporanic acid (D-7ACA) is as follows:
Molecular Formula＝C8H10N2O4S
Formula Weight＝230.241
the chemical structural formula of the methoxyimino furan acetyl chloride is as follows:
Molecular Formula＝C6H7ClN2O3
Formula Weight＝190.58438
the chemical structural formula of descarbamoyl cefuroxime (MDCC) is as follows:
Molecular Formula＝C15H15N3O7S
Formula Weight＝381.3605
the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of cefuroxime acid suitable for industrial production comprises the following steps:
(1) adding D-7ACA into water, controlling the temperature to be 0-15 ℃, and dropwise adding alkali liquor to dissolve, wherein the dissolution pH is less than or equal to 10; adding methoxyimino furan acetyl chloride dichloromethane solution for acylation reaction, controlling the reaction temperature to be 0-15 ℃, and controlling the reaction pH to be 6.0-8.0; layering after the reaction is finished to obtain a water phase, adding activated carbon for decoloring, filtering, adding dichloromethane, controlling the temperature to be 10-20 ℃, dropwise adding hydrochloric acid for crystallization, and filtering and drying to obtain a cefuroxime intermediate MDCC (modified Madin-Darby Canine carbonate);
(2) adding MDCC into an organic solvent, controlling the temperature to be less than or equal to-30 ℃, adding chlorosulfonyl isocyanate, controlling the temperature to be-40 to-25 ℃ for aminomethyl acylation reaction, adding precooled water after the reaction is finished, and controlling the temperature to be 10-20 ℃ for hydrolysis to obtain a suspension of cefuroxime acid; and then controlling the temperature to be 0-20 ℃, dropwise adding the alkali solution for multiple times, growing crystals after each dropwise adding is finished, and finally, filtering and washing to obtain the cefuroxime acid product, wherein the pH value of the system is 1.0-2.0.
According to the invention, the pH of the acylation reaction in the step (1) is preferably 6.5-7.5.
According to the invention, the decolorizing temperature in the step (1) is preferably 10-20 ℃.
According to the invention, the decolorization pH in step (1) is preferably 5.0 to 7.0.
Preferably, according to the invention, the amount of water used for hydrolysis in step (2) is 1.5 to 3 times the mass of the MDCC.
Preferably according to the invention, the crystallization end point water in step (2): the volume ratio of the reaction organic solvent is more than or equal to 4:1, and more preferably 4: 1-6: 1.
According to the present invention, the organic solvent used in the reaction in step (2) is preferably one of acetone and tetrahydrofuran.
According to the present invention, the alkali used in the alkali solution in the step (2) is preferably one or more of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate and ammonia water, and further preferably sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate and ammonia water.
Preferably, the alkaline solution is dripped into the cefuroxime acid suspension for three times in the step (2) and crystal growth is carried out, the temperature is controlled to be 0-20 ℃ for the first time, and the alkaline solution with the volume 1 time of that of the organic solvent is dripped into the cefuroxime acid suspension for 1-2 hours for crystal growth for 1-2 hours; continuously dropwise adding aqueous alkali with the volume 1 time of that of the organic solvent for 1-2 hours for the second time, and growing the crystals for 1-2 hours; and finally, continuously dropwise adding aqueous alkali with the volume of more than or equal to 1.5 times of that of the organic solvent for 0.5-1 h when the cefuroxime acid is used, controlling the pH value of the system to be 1.0-2.0, controlling the temperature to be 0-5 ℃, growing crystals for 1-2 h, filtering and washing to obtain the cefuroxime acid product.
The synthetic process route of the method is as follows:
technical characteristics and beneficial effects of the invention
1. The invention takes D-7ACA as an initial raw material, an intermediate MDCC is prepared firstly, and then cefuroxime acid is prepared. By decoloring in the MDCC preparation step, the decoloring operation in the reaction process of generating cefuroxime acid is avoided, the product degradation in the dissolving process of cefuroxime acid alkali solution is further avoided, and the color quality of the product is improved. Meanwhile, the alkali liquor is added for multiple times for multiple crystallization after hydrolysis reaction, so that the phenomenon that crystal explosion is easily caused by one-time alkali adding crystallization is prevented; the invention improves the crystal size, ensures the color production, improves the yield, improves the crystallization character of the product and improves the stability of the product. The preparation method is simple to operate, has few reaction steps and is suitable for industrial production.
2. The product obtained by the invention has good stability, good product fluidity and easy split charging; compared with the prior art, the crystal size of the product is greatly improved, and the stability is obviously improved.
3. The effect is best when the pH value of the system needs to be adjusted to 5.0-7.0 in the decoloring process, the neutralization process in the cefuroxime acid generation step is avoided, and the defects of product degradation and color growth caused by excessive alkali liquor dissolution are avoided.
4. The preparation method of the invention saves working hours and reduces process energy consumption compared with the conventional preparation method.
5. The preparation method of the invention has the advantages of alkali dissolution in the crystallization process, small volume of the reagent used for acid adding and crystallization and reduced discharge of waste liquid.
6. According to the preparation method, the weight yield of the MDCC preparation process reaches 154%, the weight yield of the cefuroxime acid preparation process reaches 105%, and the yield is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a 100-fold optical micrograph of a final product obtained in example 1.
FIG. 2 is an optical micrograph of a final product obtained in the comparative example at 100 times.
FIG. 3 is a 400 Xoptical micrograph of a final product obtained in example 1.
Fig. 4 is a 400-fold optical micrograph of a final product obtained in the comparative example.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples in combination with the drawings, which are only used to further illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
In the examples, "%" is mass% unless otherwise specified.
Example 1:
a preparation method of cefuroxime acid suitable for industrial production comprises the following steps:
step (1): preparation of MDCC
Adding 120g of purified water and 30g of D-7ACA into a clean and dry reaction bottle, controlling the temperature to be 0-10 ℃ and the pH to be less than or equal to 10, dropwise adding a 20% sodium hydroxide solution until the solution is clear, adding a methylene chloride solution of methoxyimino furan acetyl chloride, controlling the pH to be 6.5-7.5 by using 20% sodium hydroxide for reaction until the D-7ACA residue meets the requirement, layering to obtain a water phase, adding 2g of activated carbon, preserving the heat to be 10-20 ℃, decolorizing for 30min at the pH to be 5.0-7.0, and filtering to a crystallization bottle.
And (3) adding 100ml of dichloromethane into a crystallization bottle, controlling the temperature to be 10-20 ℃, slowly dropwise adding dilute hydrochloric acid until the pH value is 1.5-2.2, and growing crystals for 30 min. Filtration, washing with purified water and washing with dichloromethane. Drying at 30-40 ℃ to obtain 46.4g of product, 0.65% of water and 154.67% of weight yield of MDCC.
Step (2): preparation of cefuroxime acid
130ml of tetrahydrofuran and 46.0g of MDCC are added into a dried reaction bottle, and 14.5ml of chlorosulfonyl isocyanate is added at the temperature controlled to be less than or equal to-30 ℃. Controlling the temperature to be between 40 ℃ below zero and 25 ℃ below zero to react until the MDCC residue meets the requirement, adding 80ml of precooled water, and carrying out heat preservation at 10 ℃ to 20 ℃ to hydrolyze to obtain a suspension of cefuroxime acid. Preparing a sodium bicarbonate solution (20g of sodium bicarbonate and 460ml of purified water), controlling the temperature to be 0-20 ℃, adding 130ml of the sodium bicarbonate solution into a suspension of cefuroxime acid for 1 hour, after finishing dripping, growing crystals for 1.5 hours, continuously adding 130ml of the sodium bicarbonate solution for 1.5 hours, after finishing dripping, growing crystals for 1 hour, adding the rest of the sodium bicarbonate solution for 1 hour, after finishing dripping, keeping the system pH at 1.37, cooling to 0-5 ℃, growing crystals for 1 hour, filtering, washing with purified water, washing with isopropanol, drying at 30-40 ℃ to obtain 48.3g of cefuroxime acid, wherein the water content is 0.41%, the weight yield of the cefuroxime acid is 105.00%, and crystals are cuboid crystals with the size of about 4μm 1μm seen by an optical microscope.
Example 2:
a preparation method of cefuroxime acid suitable for industrial production comprises the following steps:
step (1): preparation of MDCC
Adding 120g of purified water and 30g of D-7ACA into a clean and dry reaction bottle, controlling the temperature to be 0-10 ℃ and the pH to be less than or equal to 10, dropwise adding a 20% sodium hydroxide solution until the solution is clear, adding a methylene chloride solution of methoxyimino furan acetyl chloride, controlling the pH to be 6.5-7.5 by using 20% sodium hydroxide for reaction until the D-7ACA residue meets the requirement, layering to obtain a water phase, adding 2g of activated carbon, preserving the heat to be 10-20 ℃, decolorizing for 30min at the pH to be 5.0-7.0, and filtering to a crystallization bottle.
And (3) adding 100ml of dichloromethane into a crystallization bottle, controlling the temperature to be 10-20 ℃, slowly dropwise adding dilute hydrochloric acid until the pH value is 1.5-2.2, and growing crystals for 30 min. Filtration, washing with purified water and washing with dichloromethane. Drying at 30-40 ℃ to obtain 46.4g of product, 0.53% of water and 154.67% of weight yield of MDCC.
Step (2): preparation of cefuroxime acid
130ml of acetone and 46.0g of MDCC are added into a dried reaction bottle, and 14.5ml of chlorosulfonyl isocyanate is added at the temperature controlled to be less than or equal to-30 ℃. Controlling the temperature to be between 40 ℃ below zero and 25 ℃ below zero to react until the MDCC residue meets the requirement, adding 100ml of precooling water, and carrying out heat preservation at 10 ℃ to 20 ℃ to hydrolyze to obtain a suspension of cefuroxime acid. Preparing a sodium carbonate solution (13g of sodium carbonate and 590ml of purified water), controlling the temperature to be 0-20 ℃, adding 130ml of the sodium carbonate solution into a suspension of cefuroxime acid within 1.5h when using, growing crystals for 1.5h, continuously adding 130ml of the sodium carbonate solution within 1h when using, growing crystals for 1h, adding the rest of the sodium carbonate solution within 1h when using, growing crystals for 1h, filtering, washing with purified water, washing with isopropanol, and drying at 30-40 ℃ to obtain 48.6g of the cefuroxime acid with the water content of 0.41% and the weight yield of the cefuroxime acid of 105.65%.
Example 3:
a preparation method of cefuroxime acid suitable for industrial production comprises the following steps:
step (1): preparation of MDCC
Adding 120g of purified water and 30g of D-7ACA into a clean and dry reaction bottle, controlling the temperature to be 0-10 ℃ and the pH to be less than or equal to 10, dropwise adding a 20% sodium hydroxide solution until the solution is clear, adding a methylene chloride solution of methoxyimino furan acetyl chloride, controlling the pH to be 6.5-7.5 by using 20% sodium hydroxide for reaction until the D-7ACA residue meets the requirement, layering to obtain a water phase, adding 2g of activated carbon, preserving the heat to be 10-20 ℃, decolorizing for 30min at the pH to be 5.0-7.0, and filtering to a crystallization bottle.
And (3) adding 100ml of dichloromethane into a crystallization bottle, controlling the temperature to be 10-20 ℃, slowly dropwise adding dilute hydrochloric acid until the pH value is 1.5-2.2, and growing crystals for 30 min. Filtration, washing with purified water and washing with dichloromethane. Drying at 30-40 ℃ to obtain 46.3g of product, 0.59% of water and 154.33% of weight yield of MDCC.
Step (2): preparation of cefuroxime acid
130ml of tetrahydrofuran and 46.0g of MDCC are added into a dried reaction bottle, and 14.5ml of chlorosulfonyl isocyanate is added at the temperature controlled to be less than or equal to-30 ℃. Controlling the temperature to be between 40 ℃ below zero and 25 ℃ below zero to react until the MDCC residue meets the requirement, adding 120ml of precooled water, and carrying out heat preservation at 10-20 ℃ to hydrolyze to obtain a suspension of cefuroxime acid. Preparing a sodium bicarbonate solution (20g of sodium bicarbonate and 650ml of purified water), controlling the temperature to be 0-20 ℃, adding 130ml of the sodium bicarbonate solution into a cefuroxime suspension within 1.5h when the solution is used, growing crystals for 2h, continuously adding 130ml of the sodium bicarbonate solution within 1h when the solution is used, growing crystals for 1h, adding the rest of the sodium bicarbonate solution within 1h when the solution is used, reducing the system pH to 1.15 when the solution is not used, cooling to 0-5 ℃, growing crystals for 1h, filtering, washing with purified water, washing with isopropanol, drying at 30-40 ℃ to obtain 48.4g of the cefuroxime acid, wherein the water content is 0.41%, and the weight yield of the cefuroxime acid is 105.22%.
Comparative example
Step (1): preparation of MDCC
Adding 120g of purified water and 30g of D-7ACA into a clean and dry reaction bottle, controlling the temperature to be 0-10 ℃ and the pH to be less than or equal to 10, dropwise adding a 20% sodium hydroxide solution until the solution is clear, adding a methylene chloride solution of methoxyimino furan acetyl chloride, controlling the pH to be 6.5-7.5 by using 20% sodium hydroxide for reaction until the D-7ACA residue meets the requirement, and layering to obtain a water phase and feeding the water phase into a crystallization bottle.
And (3) adding 100ml of dichloromethane into a crystallization bottle, controlling the temperature to be 10-20 ℃, slowly dropwise adding dilute hydrochloric acid until the pH value is 1.5-2.2, and growing crystals for 30 min. Filtration, washing with purified water and washing with dichloromethane. Drying at 30-40 ℃ to obtain 46.3g of product, 0.39% of water and 154.33% of weight yield of MDCC.
Step (2): preparation of cefuroxime acid
130ml of tetrahydrofuran and 46.0g of MDCC are added into a dried reaction bottle, and 14.5ml of chlorosulfonyl isocyanate is added at the temperature controlled to be less than or equal to-30 ℃. Controlling the temperature to be between 40 ℃ below zero and 25 ℃ below zero to react until the MDCC residue meets the requirement, adding 100ml of precooled water, and preserving the temperature for 5 to 15 ℃ to react until the aminoacylation product residue meets the requirement. And (3) dropwise adding 8% sodium bicarbonate solution until the pH value is 6.0-7.0, dissolving the solution, adding 2g of activated carbon, decoloring for 30min, and filtering to a crystallization bottle.
In a crystallization bottle, adjusting the pH to 1.0-2.0 by using dilute hydrochloric acid, and cooling to 0-5 ℃. Filtering, washing with purified water, washing with isopropanol, and drying at 30-40 deg.C to obtain 46.9g, water content of 0.41%, weight yield of cefuroxime acid of 101.96%, and irregular crystal of 0.5 μm as seen by optical microscope.
Test example 1
The optical microscope photographs of the crystals at different magnifications of test example 1 and comparative example are shown in FIGS. 1-4. As can be seen from FIGS. 1-4, the crystal size of cefuroxime acid of the present invention is significantly increased, and the crystal size in the examples is about 4 μm by 1 μm.
Test example 2
The products of examples 1-3 and comparative examples were tested and stored for color stability data (using 2015 pharmacopoeia standard colorimetric fluid as a standard) at 2-8 ℃ as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Numbering
3 months old
6 months old
9 months old
12 months old
Practice ofExample 1
Y2
＜Y3
＜Y4
＜Y6
Example 2
Y2
＜Y3
Y4
Y6
Example 3
＜Y2
Y3
Y4
＜Y6
Comparative example
＞Y4
＜Y6
＜Y9
＞Y9
As can be seen from Table 1, the color grade of the product of the invention is obviously smaller than the ratio when the product is stored for the same time, which shows that the product of the invention has obviously better stability than the ratio.
As can be seen from the data of test example 1 and test example 2, the decolouring step in the conventional operation steps of cefuroxime acid is eliminated, and the decolouring operation in the reaction process of generating cefuroxime acid is avoided by carrying out decolouring in the preparation step of MDCC, so that the color quality of the product is improved, and the product degradation in the dissolving process of cefuroxime acid alkali solution is avoided. Meanwhile, the invention adopts the method that alkali liquor is added for a plurality of times after hydrolysis reaction for a plurality of times for crystallization, thereby increasing the crystal size, ensuring the color production, simultaneously increasing the yield, improving the crystallization character of the product and improving the stability of the product.
In the comparative example, the preparation process of MDCC is not decolorized, but decolorized in the reaction process of generating cefuroxime acid, wherein alkali is added for adjusting the pH value to be 6.0-7.0, and the process seriously influences the stability of the cefuroxime acid product. Therefore, the crystal size in the comparative example is small and the stability is poor.