阅读说明：本技术 一种钛铜合金防爆材料及其制备方法 (Titanium-copper alloy explosion-proof material and preparation method thereof ) 是由 任俊勇 翁雷雷 付凯 付景义 季晓玲 庞金影 张宝生 于 2020-07-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种钛铜合金防爆材料及其制备方法。该材料包含如下组分：钛铜合金30-40wt％；石墨烯60-70wt％；所述钛铜合金包含如下组分：钛60-65at％；铜30at％；镍5-10at％。其制备方法为：1)取高纯度的钛、铜、镍为原料,在氩氛围中进行高温熔炼,打磨去氧化皮后,研磨成粉,得到合金粉末；2)将天然石墨或人造石墨制成粉状的石墨烯；3)取部分合金粉末和粉状的石墨烯混合,装入模具中,烧结得到预制体；将预制体放入坩埚中抽真空,将剩余的合金粉末加热至熔融,将合金熔体通入以渗透预制体,冷却至室温后即可。本发明将钛铜合金和石墨烯通过结合混合烧结、合金熔体渗透等方式,制成防爆材料,能够提高了材料整体的强度,具有优异的防爆性能。(The invention discloses a titanium copper alloy explosion-proof material and a preparation method thereof. The material comprises the following components: 30-40 wt% of titanium-copper alloy; 60-70 wt% of graphene; the titanium-copper alloy comprises the following components: titanium 60-65 at%; 30 at% of copper; 5 to 10at percent of nickel. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) taking high-purity titanium, copper and nickel as raw materials, smelting at high temperature in an argon atmosphere, polishing to remove oxide skin, and grinding into powder to obtain alloy powder; 2) preparing natural graphite or artificial graphite into powdery graphene; 3) mixing part of alloy powder and powdered graphene, filling the mixture into a mold, and sintering to obtain a prefabricated body; and putting the preform into a crucible, vacuumizing, heating the residual alloy powder to be molten, introducing the alloy melt to permeate the preform, and cooling to room temperature. According to the invention, the titanium-copper alloy and the graphene are prepared into the explosion-proof material by combining the modes of mixed sintering, alloy melt infiltration and the like, so that the overall strength of the material can be improved, and the material has excellent explosion-proof performance.)

1. The titanium-copper alloy explosion-proof material is characterized by comprising the following components:

30-40 wt% of titanium-copper alloy;

60-70 wt% of graphene;

wherein the titanium-copper alloy comprises the following components:

titanium 60-65 at%;

30 at% of copper;

5 to 10at percent of nickel.

2. The titanium-copper alloy explosion-proof material according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following components:

35.5 wt% of titanium-copper alloy;

64.5 wt% of graphene;

wherein the titanium-copper alloy comprises the following components:

titanium 65 at%;

30 at% of copper;

5 at% of nickel.

3. The preparation method of the titanium-copper alloy explosion-proof material as set forth in claim 1 or 2, characterized by comprising the steps of:

1) taking high-purity titanium, copper and nickel as raw materials according to a ratio, ultrasonically cleaning the raw materials by using alcohol, drying the raw materials, putting the raw materials into an electric arc furnace, carrying out high-temperature smelting in an argon atmosphere at the temperature of 1200-1400K for 3-5 h, repeatedly smelting for 4 times to obtain an alloy ingot, polishing the alloy ingot to remove oxide skin, breaking the alloy ingot into particles, and grinding the particles into powder to obtain alloy powder;

2) adding natural graphite or artificial graphite into a mixed solution of concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid, wherein the volume ratio of the concentrated sulfuric acid to the concentrated nitric acid is 2:1, stirring for 5-15min, adding potassium chlorate powder accounting for 0.1-3% of the weight of the mixed solution, and continuously stirring for 48-120 h; adding water with the volume 10-50 times of that of the mixed solution for dilution, adding diluted hydrochloric acid for washing until the barium chloride solution can not detect sulfate ions, and then repeatedly washing by using deionized water until the pH value is neutral; performing high-speed centrifugal separation, taking a precipitate, and drying in vacuum to obtain graphene oxide; rapidly thermally expanding the graphene oxide for 10-30s at the temperature of 900-1050 ℃ to obtain strippable graphite; adding absolute ethyl alcohol into the strippable graphite, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 0.5-4 hours, and drying the obtained suspension to obtain powdery graphene;

3) mixing 5/10-7/10 parts by weight of alloy powder and powdered graphene in proportion, loading the mixture into a graphite mold, and sintering the mixture by using a hot-pressing sintering furnace to obtain a prefabricated body; and (3) putting the preform into a crucible, keeping the vacuum degree in the crucible at 0.095-0.098Mpa, heating the residual alloy powder to 1000-1100 ℃ for more than 10min to obtain a molten alloy melt, introducing the alloy melt into the crucible to permeate the preform, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the titanium-copper alloy explosion-proof material.

4. The production method according to claim 3, characterized in that: in the step 1), the purities of the titanium, the copper and the nickel are all 99.99%.

5. The production method according to claim 3, characterized in that: in the step 1), the high-temperature smelting temperature is 1273K, and the time is 4 h.

6. The production method according to claim 3, characterized in that: in the step 1), the grain diameter of the alloy powder is 10-50 nm.

7. The production method according to claim 3, characterized in that: in the step 2), the mass fraction of the concentrated sulfuric acid is 98.3%; the mass fraction of the concentrated nitric acid is 98%.

8. The method of claim 4, wherein: in the step 2), the conditions of the high-speed centrifugal separation are 3000-12000rpm and the time is 1-10 min.

9. The method according to claim 4, wherein in step 3), the sintering process is as follows: firstly, the temperature of the mixed powder is increased to 500 ℃ within 200s, the pressure is increased to 8MPa, and the temperature is kept for 200 s; then increasing the temperature to 850 ℃ within 200s, increasing the pressure to 15MPa, and keeping the temperature for 200 s; then reducing the temperature to 500 ℃ and the pressure to 5Mpa within 200s, finally removing the pressure and naturally cooling to the room temperature.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of materials, and particularly relates to a titanium-copper alloy explosion-proof material and a preparation method thereof.

Background

In recent years, titanium and titanium alloys have been used in the fields of chemical engineering, metallurgy, biomedicine, and the like because of their high specific strength and excellent corrosion resistance. Among them, titanium-copper alloys have high strength, high elasticity, excellent heat resistance, excellent fatigue resistance and good bending properties, and are widely used in the light industry and the construction industry. In addition, the titanium-copper alloy has great application potential as a medical implant material. Graphene (Graphene) is a two-dimensional carbon nanomaterial composed of carbon atoms in sp hybridized orbitals into a hexagonal honeycomb lattice. The graphene has excellent optical, electrical and mechanical properties, has important application prospects in the aspects of materials science, micro-nano processing, energy, biomedicine, drug delivery and the like, and is considered to be a revolutionary material in the future. At present, no relevant report that the titanium-copper alloy and the graphene are combined to prepare the explosion-proof material is found.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a titanium copper alloy explosion-proof material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the titanium copper alloy and graphene are combined to prepare a novel explosion-proof material. The explosion-proof material can be used for manufacturing explosion-proof tools, explosion-proof electric appliances, explosion-proof containers, explosion-proof equipment and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of petroleum, petrifaction, war industry, electric power, electronics, railways, mines, gas production and the like.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

in one aspect, the invention provides a titanium-copper alloy explosion-proof material.

The titanium-copper alloy explosion-proof material comprises the following components:

30-40 wt% of titanium-copper alloy;

60-70 wt% of graphene;

wherein the titanium-copper alloy comprises the following components:

titanium 60-65 at%;

30 at% of copper;

5 to 10at percent of nickel.

Preferably, the titanium-copper alloy explosion-proof material comprises the following components:

35.5 wt% of titanium-copper alloy;

64.5 wt% of graphene;

wherein the titanium-copper alloy comprises the following components:

titanium 65 at%;

30 at% of copper;

5 at% of nickel.

On the other hand, the invention also provides a preparation method of the titanium-copper alloy explosion-proof material.

The preparation method comprises the following steps:

1) taking high-purity titanium, copper and nickel as raw materials according to a ratio, ultrasonically cleaning the raw materials by using alcohol, drying the raw materials, putting the raw materials into an electric arc furnace, carrying out high-temperature smelting in an argon atmosphere at the temperature of 1200-1400K for 3-5 h, repeatedly smelting for 4 times to obtain an alloy ingot, polishing the alloy ingot to remove oxide skin, breaking the alloy ingot into particles, and grinding the particles into powder to obtain alloy powder;

2) adding natural graphite or artificial graphite into a mixed solution of concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid, wherein the volume ratio of the concentrated sulfuric acid to the concentrated nitric acid is 2:1, stirring for 5-15min, adding potassium chlorate powder accounting for 0.1-3% of the weight of the mixed solution, and continuously stirring for 48-120 h; adding water with the volume 10-50 times of that of the mixed solution for dilution, adding diluted hydrochloric acid for washing until the barium chloride solution can not detect sulfate ions, and then repeatedly washing by using deionized water until the pH value is neutral; performing high-speed centrifugal separation, taking a precipitate, and drying in vacuum to obtain graphene oxide; rapidly thermally expanding the graphene oxide for 10-30s at the temperature of 900-1050 ℃ to obtain strippable graphite; adding absolute ethyl alcohol into the strippable graphite, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 0.5-4 hours, and drying the obtained suspension to obtain powdery graphene;

3) mixing 5/10-7/10 parts by weight of alloy powder and powdered graphene in proportion, loading the mixture into a graphite mold, and sintering the mixture by using a hot-pressing sintering furnace to obtain a prefabricated body; and (3) putting the preform into a crucible, keeping the vacuum degree in the crucible at 0.095-0.098Mpa, heating the residual alloy powder to 1000-1100 ℃ for more than 10min to obtain a molten alloy melt, introducing the alloy melt into the crucible to permeate the preform, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the titanium-copper alloy explosion-proof material.

In step 1):

the purities of the titanium, the copper and the nickel are all 99.99%.

The high-temperature smelting temperature is preferably 1273K, and the time is preferably 4 h.

The particle size of the alloy powder is preferably 10 to 50 nm.

In step 2):

the mass fraction of the concentrated sulfuric acid is 98.3%; the mass fraction of the concentrated nitric acid is 98%.

The conditions of the high-speed centrifugal separation are 3000-12000rpm and the time is 1-10 min.

In step 3):

the sintering process comprises the following steps: firstly, the temperature of the mixed powder is increased to 500 ℃ within 200s, the pressure is increased to 8MPa, and the temperature is kept for 200 s; then increasing the temperature to 850 ℃ within 200s, increasing the pressure to 15MPa, and keeping the temperature for 200 s; then reducing the temperature to 500 ℃ and the pressure to 5Mpa within 200s, finally removing the pressure and naturally cooling to the room temperature.

The titanium-copper alloy explosion-proof material is formed by mixing and sintering titanium-copper alloy and graphene; the titanium-copper alloy is titanium-copper-nickel alloy, and has better wear resistance and corrosion resistance compared with the common titanium-copper alloy; when the titanium-copper alloy and the graphene are mixed and sintered, part of the titanium-copper alloy permeates in an alloy melt state, the titanium-copper alloy can be tightly filled into pores of the graphene, the integral strength of the explosion-proof material is improved, and the explosion-proof material has excellent explosion-proof performance.

Detailed Description

The following examples are provided only for illustrating and explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.