阅读说明：本技术 一种具有特定Ms的CuAlBe形状记忆合金、其配比和制备方法 (CuAlBe shape memory alloy with specific Ms, and proportioning and preparation method thereof ) 是由 王果 肖小亭 邓俊 黎沃光 余业球 于 2019-10-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种具有特定Ms的CuAlBe形状记忆合金、其配比和制备方法,其中配比方法包括以下步骤：根据Cu-Al二元相图获得CuAlBe形状记忆合金中的Al含量；根据经验公式、特定Ms和CuAlBe形状记忆合金中的Al含量,计算获得CuAlBe形状记忆合金中的Be含量；根据CuAlBe形状记忆合金中的Al含量和Be含量,计算获得CuAlBe形状记忆合金中的Cu含量,完成CuAlBe形状记忆合金的配比。本发明通过配比方法,可以获得具有特定Ms的CuAlBe形状记忆合金中的Cu、Al和Be的含量,从而获得具有特定Ms的CuAlBe形状记忆合金。由此,可根据对Ms的需求调整Cu、Al和Be的含量,从而使CuAlBe形状记忆合金的Ms适应其工作需求,让CuAlBe形状记忆合金得到更广泛地应用。(The invention discloses a CuAlBe shape memory alloy with specific Ms, and a proportioning and preparation method thereof, wherein the proportioning method comprises the following steps: obtaining the Al content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy according to a Cu-Al binary phase diagram; calculating to obtain the Be content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy according to an empirical formula, the specific Ms and the Al content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy; and calculating the Cu content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy according to the Al content and the Be content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy to complete the proportioning of the CuAlBe shape memory alloy. According to the invention, the contents of Cu, Al and Be in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy with the specific Ms can Be obtained through a proportioning method, so that the CuAlBe shape memory alloy with the specific Ms is obtained. Therefore, the contents of Cu, Al and Be can Be adjusted according to the requirement on Ms, so that the Ms of the CuAlBe shape memory alloy can adapt to the working requirement of the CuAlBe shape memory alloy, and the CuAlBe shape memory alloy can Be widely applied.)

1. A proportioning method of a CuAlBe shape memory alloy with specific Ms is characterized by comprising the following steps:

obtaining the Al content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy according to a Cu-Al binary phase diagram;

calculating to obtain the Be content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy according to an empirical formula, the specific Ms and the Al content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy;

and calculating the Cu content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy according to the Al content and the Be content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy to complete the proportioning of the CuAlBe shape memory alloy.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said empirical formula is specifically:

Ms＝1245–71*(wt.％Al)–893*(wt.％Be)；

wherein (wt.% Al) is the Al content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy and (wt.% Be) is the Be content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of: obtaining the Al content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy according to a Cu-Al binary phase diagram, and specifically comprises the following steps:

searching for eutectoid points on a Cu-Al binary phase diagram to obtain the Al content of the eutectoid points being 11.8 wt%;

according to the Al content and the allowable error at the eutectoid point, the Al content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy is obtained to be 10.6-14.2 wt%, and a determined value in the range of 10.6-14.2 wt% is selected as the Al content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy.

4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy, Be is derived from CuBe alloy, Cu is derived from CuBe alloy and pure Cu, and Al is derived from pure Al;

the steps are as follows: calculating to obtain the Cu content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy, and then:

calculating to obtain the required mass parts of the CuBe alloy according to the Be content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy;

calculating the mass part of the required pure copper according to the Cu content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy and the mass part of the CuBe alloy,

and calculating the mass fraction of the required pure Al according to the Al content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy to complete the proportioning of the CuAlBe shape memory alloy.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the step of: calculating the mass parts of the required CuBe alloy according to the Be content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy, and specifically comprises the following steps:

calculating to obtain the required mass parts of the CuBe alloy according to the Be content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy and the burn-out rate of Be;

the steps are as follows: according to the Al content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy, the mass fraction of the required pure Al is calculated and obtained, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:

and calculating to obtain the required pure Al by mass according to the Al content and the Al burning loss rate in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy.

6. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein said burn-out rate of Be is 5% and said burn-out rate of Al is 15%.

7. A method for preparing a CuAlBe shape memory alloy with specific Ms is characterized by comprising the following steps:

a proportioning method according to any one of claims 4-6, obtaining the mass fractions of CuBe alloy, pure Cu and pure Al required for preparing said CuAlBe shape memory alloy;

according to the mass parts of the obtained CuBe alloy, pure Cu and pure Al, heating the CuBe alloy, the pure Cu and the pure Al to over 1100 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere, and stirring and mixing to obtain a CuAlBe alloy molten metal;

cooling the CuAlBe alloy molten metal to obtain a CuAlBe alloy cast ingot;

and (3) melting the CuAlBe alloy cast ingot and then carrying out drawing casting to obtain the CuAlBe shape memory alloy with the specific Ms.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein said step of: cooling the CuAlBe alloy molten metal to obtain a CuAlBe alloy cast ingot, which specifically comprises the following steps:

and removing surface suspended impurities from the CuAlBe alloy metal liquid, and pouring the CuAlBe alloy metal liquid into a graphite mold for cooling to obtain a CuAlBe alloy cast ingot.

The steps are as follows: the CuAlBe alloy cast ingot is melted and then is subjected to drawing casting to obtain the CuAlBe shape memory alloy with specific Ms, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:

and (3) putting the CuAlBe alloy cast ingot into a crucible of a hot continuous casting device for melting, and carrying out pull casting by the hot continuous casting device to obtain the CuAlBe shape memory alloy with the specific Ms.

9. A CuAlBe shape memory alloy having a specific Ms, characterized by being produced by the production method according to claim 7, wherein the CuAlBe shape memory alloy is columnar crystal.

10. The CuAlBe shape memory alloy with specific Ms as claimed in claim 9, comprising the following components in parts by mass: 461.54 parts of Cu-3.98% Be alloy, 354 parts of Al and 2187.53 parts of Cu; the Ms of the CuAlBe shape memory alloy is-50 ℃.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of shape memory alloys, in particular to a CuAlBe shape memory alloy with specific Ms, and a proportioning and preparation method thereof.

Background

Shape memory alloys are widely used in many fields such as biomedical applications, structural damping and mechanical connectors due to their shape memory effects. The Ms (martensitic transformation temperature point) of shape memory alloys affects their applications, for example, many existing motion-driven devices utilize shape memory alloy components for actuation. Chinese patent application No. CN201821520180.6 discloses the following: the movable block is connected with one end of the shape memory alloy component, the other end of the shape memory alloy component is connected with the fixed end, and the shape memory alloy component is connected with an external power supply. When the shape memory alloy part is electrified, the temperature of the shape memory alloy part rises, and when the phase change temperature is reached, the shape memory alloy part is shortened to drive the movable block to move, so that the aim of motion driving is fulfilled. From the above, it is important to adapt Ms of shape memory alloy to the requirements of its working environment, and therefore, a shape memory alloy with specific Ms is needed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a CuAlBe shape memory alloy with specific Ms, and a proportion and a preparation method thereof.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a proportioning method of a CuAlBe shape memory alloy with specific Ms comprises the following steps:

obtaining the Al content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy according to a Cu-Al binary phase diagram;

calculating to obtain the Be content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy according to an empirical formula, the specific Ms and the Al content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy;

and calculating the Cu content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy according to the Al content and the Be content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy to complete the proportioning of the CuAlBe shape memory alloy.

Optionally, the empirical formula is specifically:

Ms＝1245–71*(wt.％Al)–893*(wt.％Be)；

wherein (wt.% Al) is the Al content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy and (wt.% Be) is the Be content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy.

Optionally, the steps of: obtaining the Al content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy according to a Cu-Al binary phase diagram, and specifically comprises the following steps:

searching for eutectoid points on a Cu-Al binary phase diagram to obtain the Al content of the eutectoid points being 11.8 wt%;

according to the Al content and the allowable error at the eutectoid point, the Al content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy is obtained to be 10.6-14.2 wt%, and a determined value in the range of 10.6-14.2 wt% is selected as the Al content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy.

Optionally, in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy, Be is derived from a CuBe alloy, Cu is derived from a CuBe alloy and pure Cu, and Al is derived from pure Al;

the steps are as follows: calculating to obtain the Cu content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy, and then:

calculating to obtain the required mass parts of the CuBe alloy according to the Be content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy;

calculating the mass part of the required pure copper according to the Cu content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy and the mass part of the CuBe alloy,

and calculating the mass fraction of the required pure Al according to the Al content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy to complete the proportioning of the CuAlBe shape memory alloy.

Optionally, the steps of: calculating the mass parts of the required CuBe alloy according to the Be content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy, and specifically comprises the following steps:

calculating to obtain the required mass parts of the CuBe alloy according to the Be content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy and the burn-out rate of Be;

the steps are as follows: according to the Al content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy, the mass fraction of the required pure Al is calculated and obtained, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:

and calculating to obtain the required pure Al by mass according to the Al content and the Al burning loss rate in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy.

Optionally, the burn-out rate of Be is 5%, and the burn-out rate of Al is 15%.

A method for preparing a CuAlBe shape memory alloy with specific Ms comprises the following steps:

according to the proportioning method, the mass parts of the CuBe alloy, pure Cu and pure Al required for preparing the CuAlBe shape memory alloy are obtained;

according to the mass parts of the obtained CuBe alloy, pure Cu and pure Al, heating the CuBe alloy, the pure Cu and the pure Al to over 1100 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere, and stirring and mixing to obtain a CuAlBe alloy molten metal;

cooling the CuAlBe alloy molten metal to obtain a CuAlBe alloy cast ingot;

and (3) melting the CuAlBe alloy cast ingot and then carrying out drawing casting to obtain the CuAlBe shape memory alloy with the specific Ms.

Optionally, the steps of: cooling the CuAlBe alloy molten metal to obtain a CuAlBe alloy cast ingot, which specifically comprises the following steps:

and removing surface suspended impurities from the CuAlBe alloy metal liquid, and pouring the CuAlBe alloy metal liquid into a graphite mold for cooling to obtain a CuAlBe alloy cast ingot.

Optionally, the steps of: the CuAlBe alloy cast ingot is melted and then is subjected to drawing casting to obtain the CuAlBe shape memory alloy with specific Ms, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:

and (3) putting the CuAlBe alloy cast ingot into a crucible of a hot continuous casting device for melting, and carrying out pull casting by the hot continuous casting device to obtain the CuAlBe shape memory alloy with the specific Ms.

The CuAlBe shape memory alloy with the specific Ms is prepared by the preparation method, and the CuAlBe shape memory alloy is columnar crystal.

Optionally, the CuAlBe shape memory alloy with specific Ms comprises the following components in parts by mass: 461.54 parts of Cu-3.98% Be alloy, 354 parts of Al and 2187.53 parts of Cu; the Ms of the CuAlBe shape memory alloy is-50 ℃.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

according to the invention, the contents of Cu, Al and Be in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy with the specific Ms can Be obtained through a proportioning method, so that the CuAlBe shape memory alloy with the specific Ms is obtained. Therefore, the contents of Cu, Al and Be can Be adjusted according to the requirement on Ms, so that the Ms of the CuAlBe shape memory alloy can adapt to the working requirement of the CuAlBe shape memory alloy, and the CuAlBe shape memory alloy can Be widely applied.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive exercise.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method for preparing a CuAlBe shape memory alloy with specific Ms according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a CuAlBe shape memory alloy rod with specific Ms provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the embodiments described below are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.

The invention provides a proportioning method of a CuAlBe shape memory alloy with specific Ms, which comprises the following steps:

obtaining the Al content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy according to a Cu-Al binary phase diagram;

calculating to obtain the Be content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy according to an empirical formula, the specific Ms and the Al content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy;

and calculating the Cu content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy according to the Al content and the Be content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy to complete the proportioning of the CuAlBe shape memory alloy.

By the proportioning method, the contents of Cu, Al and Be in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy with the specific Ms can Be obtained, so that the CuAlBe shape memory alloy with the specific Ms is obtained. Therefore, the contents of Cu, Al and Be can Be adjusted according to the requirement on Ms, so that the Ms of the CuAlBe shape memory alloy can adapt to the working requirement of the CuAlBe shape memory alloy, and the CuAlBe shape memory alloy can Be widely applied.

In the present invention, the empirical formula is specifically:

Ms＝1245–71*(wt.％Al)–893*(wt.％Be)；

wherein (wt.% Al) is the Al content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy and (wt.% Be) is the Be content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy.

In the present invention, the steps are: obtaining the Al content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy according to a Cu-Al binary phase diagram, and specifically comprises the following steps:

searching for eutectoid points on a Cu-Al binary phase diagram to obtain the Al content of the eutectoid points being 11.8 wt%;

according to the Al content and the allowable error at the eutectoid point, the Al content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy is obtained to be 10.6-14.2 wt%, and a determined value in the range of 10.6-14.2 wt% is selected as the Al content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy.

According to the CuAl shape memory alloy theory, only when the Al content is around 11.8 wt%, the high temperature beta phase of the CuAl shape memory alloy is rapidly cooled to generate ordering transformation so as to obtain the ordered phase beta 1 phase, and only the ordered beta 1 phase can generate the shape memory effect, so that the Al content is about 11.8 wt%, and can be changed in a proper small range, but all should be in the range of 10.6-14.2 wt%. The CuAl shape memory alloy theory can be applied to the CuAlBe alloy, so that the Al content in the CuAlBe alloy is 10.6-14.2 wt%.

In the invention, in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy, Be is derived from CuBe alloy, Cu is derived from CuBe alloy and pure Cu, and Al is derived from pure Al. The use of the alloy of CuBe to introduce the element Be rather than pure Be is because pure Be is toxic and not readily available.

The steps are as follows: calculating to obtain the Cu content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy, and then:

calculating to obtain the required mass parts of the CuBe alloy according to the Be content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy;

calculating the mass part of the required pure copper according to the Cu content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy and the mass part of the CuBe alloy,

and calculating the mass fraction of the required pure Al according to the Al content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy to complete the proportioning of the CuAlBe shape memory alloy.

According to the invention, the required mass parts of pure Cu, pure Al and CuBe alloy are obtained through calculation, so that the corresponding CuAlBe shape memory alloy can be conveniently prepared according to the calculated formula.

Further, the steps of: calculating the mass parts of the required CuBe alloy according to the Be content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy, and specifically comprises the following steps: and calculating to obtain the required mass parts of the CuBe alloy according to the Be content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy and the burn-out rate of Be.

Similarly, the steps: according to the Al content in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy, the mass fraction of the required pure Al is calculated and obtained, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: and calculating to obtain the required pure Al by mass according to the Al content and the Al burning loss rate in the CuAlBe shape memory alloy.

The CuAlBe shape memory alloy is obtained by a hot continuous casting process, and Al and Be can Be burnt during the continuous casting process to influence Ms of the prepared CuAlBe shape memory alloy. Therefore, the burn-out rate needs to be considered in calculating the formula to reduce errors. According to the statistical analysis of experimental data, the burn-out rate of Be is 5%, and the burn-out rate of Al is 15%.

For the sake of understanding, the total mass of the CuAlBe shape memory alloy obtained by the aforementioned Cu-Al binary phase diagram is defined as M, wherein the Cu content is x, the Al content is y, and the Be content is z. The calculation process of x, y, Z is as follows:

y is obtained according to a Cu-Al binary phase diagram, and is preferably 11.8 wt%;

calculating to obtain z according to Ms 1245-71 y-893 z and knowing y and Ms;

from x + y + z being 1, knowing y and z, x is calculated.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the CuAlBe shape memory alloy with the specific Ms, which comprises the following steps:

according to the proportioning method, the mass parts of the CuBe alloy, pure Cu and pure Al required for preparing the CuAlBe shape memory alloy are obtained;

according to the mass parts of the obtained CuBe alloy, pure Cu and pure Al, heating the CuBe alloy, the pure Cu and the pure Al to over 1100 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere, and stirring and mixing to obtain a CuAlBe alloy molten metal;

cooling the CuAlBe alloy molten metal to obtain a CuAlBe alloy cast ingot;

and (3) melting the CuAlBe alloy cast ingot and then carrying out drawing casting to obtain the CuAlBe shape memory alloy with the specific Ms.

Wherein the steps of: cooling the CuAlBe alloy molten metal to obtain a CuAlBe alloy cast ingot, which specifically comprises the following steps: and removing surface suspended impurities from the CuAlBe alloy metal liquid, and pouring the CuAlBe alloy metal liquid into a graphite mold for cooling to obtain a CuAlBe alloy cast ingot.

The steps are as follows: the CuAlBe alloy cast ingot is melted and then is subjected to drawing casting to obtain the CuAlBe shape memory alloy with specific Ms, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: and (3) putting the CuAlBe alloy cast ingot into a crucible of a hot continuous casting device for melting, and carrying out pull casting by the hot continuous casting device to obtain the CuAlBe shape memory alloy with the specific Ms.

The invention also provides a CuAlBe shape memory alloy which is prepared by the preparation method and is columnar crystal.

Through the hot continuous casting device, a columnar crystal structure can be obtained, and the shape memory recovery performance of the CuAlBe shape memory alloy is improved. The existing traditional copper-based and iron-based memory alloys can only obtain equiaxial crystal tissues under the traditional processing technology, and the recoverable strain is lower than 3 percent. The CuAlBe shape memory alloy prepared by the invention can recover the shape memory strain by over 9 percent. And the invention does not adopt expensive materials such as NiTi and the like, and the material cost is low. Namely, the CuAlBe shape memory alloy prepared by the invention can meet the requirements of low price and high performance.

The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples. The starting materials used in the present invention are either commercially available or commonly used in the art, and the methods in the examples below are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified.