阅读说明：本技术 一种防撞材料及应用其制备防撞保险杠的方法 (Anti-collision material and method for preparing anti-collision bumper by using same ) 是由 李海平 于 2018-06-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及新材料技术领域,特别涉及一种防撞材料及应用其制备防撞保险杠的方法；本发明的一种防撞材料,由以下重量份数的组分制成：铝粉100份、钨酸盐5份、碳化硅5份、铁矿粉2份、硅钨酸1份、碳化镁0.5份、改性发泡剂0.5份、碳化钨2份、碳化钽3份、碳化铌2份、紫砂泥1份、硅酸钾0.5份、氮化硼0.5份；本发明组分配置合理,成本低廉,减少了传统的制备步骤,降低了生产成本,发泡剂具有增稠和发泡的双重作用增大了材料的孔隙率,提高吸能效果。(The invention relates to the technical field of new materials, in particular to an anti-collision material and a method for preparing an anti-collision bumper by applying the same; the invention relates to an anti-collision material which is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of aluminum powder, 5 parts of tungstate, 5 parts of silicon carbide, 2 parts of iron ore powder, 1 part of silicotungstic acid, 0.5 part of magnesium carbide, 0.5 part of modified foaming agent, 2 parts of tungsten carbide, 3 parts of tantalum carbide, 2 parts of niobium carbide, 1 part of purple sand mud, 0.5 part of potassium silicate and 0.5 part of boron nitride; the foaming agent has the advantages of reasonable component configuration, low cost, reduction of traditional preparation steps, reduction of production cost, thickening and foaming functions, increase of the porosity of the material and improvement of the energy absorption effect.)

1. The anti-collision material is characterized by being prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of aluminum powder, 5 parts of tungstate, 5 parts of silicon carbide, 2 parts of iron ore powder, 1 part of silicotungstic acid, 0.5 part of magnesium carbide, 0.5 part of modified foaming agent, 2 parts of tungsten carbide, 3 parts of tantalum carbide, 2 parts of niobium carbide, 1 part of purple sand mud, 0.5 part of potassium silicate and 0.5 part of boron nitride.

2. The anti-collision material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the modified foaming agent is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of graphene, 5 parts of silicon nitride, 5 parts of gypsum, 5 parts of pyrite cinder, 5 parts of slaked lime powder, 0.5 part of talcum powder, 2 parts of rare earth mixture, 0.5 part of quartz sand and 0.5 part of calcined kaolin.

3. The anti-collision material as claimed in claim 2, wherein the modified foaming agent is prepared by the following steps: boron nitride, gypsum, pyrite cinder, slaked lime powder, talcum powder, quartz sand and calcined kaolin powder are dispersed by using absolute ethyl alcohol as a dispersion medium, wherein the mass ratio of the powder to the ethyl alcohol is 1: 30, performing ultrasonic dispersion on the mixture for 1 hour on an ultrasonic cleaning machine; placing the mixture subjected to ultrasonic dispersion into a nylon ball milling tank, adding a graphene and rare earth mixture, taking agate balls as grinding balls, wherein the ball-material mass ratio is 7: 1, continuously ball-milling in a ball mill for 2 hours at the rotating speed of 150 revolutions per minute, pouring the powder subjected to ball milling together with agate grinding balls into a powder tray, drying at 80 ℃, sieving the dried powder, taking out the agate grinding balls, and then grinding the mixed powder until no large agglomeration exists, thus finishing the preparation of the modified foaming agent.

4. A method for preparing an anti-collision bumper by using the anti-collision material as claimed in claim 1, which comprises the following specific steps:

1) weighing the raw materials according to the weight ratio of the raw materials in the components, uniformly mixing the raw materials except the modified foaming agent to prepare a blank, feeding the blank into a smelting furnace, heating to 1200-1600 ℃, and melting and mixing the raw materials;

2) tackifying process and foaming process: adding a modified foaming agent into the melting furnace in the step 1), and stirring at a stirring speed of 1500-2000rpm for 5-10min to increase the viscosity of the melt and uniformly distribute the modified foaming agent in the melt;

3) and (3) heat preservation: after the foaming agent is uniformly mixed, the temperature is kept at 900-1100 ℃ for 5-10 min;

4) and (3) casting and molding the melt in the step 3) by adopting a casting mold to obtain the anti-collision bumper.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of new materials, in particular to an anti-collision material and a method for preparing an anti-collision bumper by applying the same.

Background

At the end of the 20 th century, energy problems and environmental problems become two hot problems, which are increasingly noticed by countries in the world, and in the face of increasingly short conventional energy and increasingly serious environmental pollution, the automobile industry, which is one of the main carriers of the two problems, is beginning to make active strategic adjustments to deal with the adverse effects caused by the problems; the development of energy-saving automobiles is the subject of the development of the automobile industry, people begin to pay attention to the problem of light weight of automobiles, and because the automobiles with smaller mass need relatively less energy, the emission is reduced, the pollution to the environment is reduced, and the work is doubled. According to the statistics of international authoritative departments, about 60 percent of fuel used by the automobile is consumed by the white weight of the automobile, and the oil consumption can be reduced when the mass of the automobile is reduced.

In recent years, a large number of new lightweight materials have been applied to automobiles, which are represented by high-strength steel, aluminum, magnesium, and composite materials; however, in the great trend toward weight reduction of the entire automobile, the weight reduction ratio of the bumper is rather reduced in the course of the years of development. This is because the bumper is the first line of a collision, which is responsible for ensuring the safety of a collision, and therefore the bumper is designed with greater emphasis on safety.

The automobile front bumper has good protection effect on an automobile radiator, an engine hood plate, a lamp and a fender, and the automobile rear bumper can reduce the damage of an automobile trunk and a tail lamp. The bumper system can protect passengers and reduce the damage degree of a vehicle body when the automobile collides with other vehicles or obstacles. The bumper system can absorb impact energy to automatically recover to the original state in a slight accident, and the repair cost of the automobile is effectively reduced. When a serious collision accident occurs, the impact force is dispersed to the whole vehicle body through the bumper, so that the local deformation is avoided being overlarge, and the passengers are ensured to have enough living space. A perfect vehicle body structure should have efficient kinetic energy absorption, kinetic energy dispersion and a crushable vehicle body design, with a high strength passenger compartment and corresponding pedestrian protection components.

In order to ensure the safety of passengers, the material is required to have not only certain strength and rigidity, but also good impact resistance. The existing hollow metal pipe used as an energy-absorbing structural member of an automobile bumper has higher strength, but the energy absorption performance is lower than that of foamed aluminum, the foamed aluminum is a light impact-resistant material, the strength performance is not high, and the foamed aluminum is not suitable for being used as an energy-absorbing structural member alone. Therefore, if the foamed aluminum is filled in the hollow metal tube, the automobile bumper made of the foamed aluminum sandwich structural member can meet the requirements on rigidity and strength and can improve the energy absorption of the bumper; however, the preparation cost of the prior foamed aluminum is high, and the problems of difficult control of the processes and uneven pore structures of the prior preparation process limit the wide application of the prior foamed aluminum; the research on the low-cost preparation technology of the foamed aluminum is significant.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects, the invention aims to provide an anti-collision material which is convenient to manufacture and has good practical performance; a method of making an impact bumper using the impact material is also provided.

The technical scheme for solving the technical problem is as follows:

the anti-collision material is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of aluminum powder, 5 parts of tungstate, 5 parts of silicon carbide, 2 parts of iron ore powder, 1 part of silicotungstic acid, 0.5 part of magnesium carbide, 0.5 part of modified foaming agent, 2 parts of tungsten carbide, 3 parts of tantalum carbide, 2 parts of niobium carbide, 1 part of purple sand mud, 0.5 part of potassium silicate and 0.5 part of boron nitride.

As an improvement of the invention, the modified foaming agent is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of graphene, 5 parts of silicon nitride, 5 parts of gypsum, 5 parts of pyrite cinder, 5 parts of slaked lime powder, 0.5 part of talcum powder, 2 parts of rare earth mixture, 0.5 part of quartz sand and 0.5 part of calcined kaolin.

As a further improvement of the invention, the preparation method of the modified foaming agent comprises the following steps: boron nitride, gypsum, pyrite cinder, slaked lime powder, talcum powder, quartz sand and calcined kaolin powder are dispersed by using absolute ethyl alcohol as a dispersion medium, wherein the mass ratio of the powder to the ethyl alcohol is 1: 30, performing ultrasonic dispersion on the mixture for 1 hour on an ultrasonic cleaning machine; placing the mixture subjected to ultrasonic dispersion into a nylon ball milling tank, adding a graphene and rare earth mixture, taking agate balls as grinding balls, wherein the ball-material mass ratio is 7: 1, continuously ball-milling in a ball mill for 2 hours at the rotating speed of 150 revolutions per minute, pouring the powder subjected to ball milling together with agate grinding balls into a powder tray, drying at 80 ℃, sieving the dried powder, taking out the agate grinding balls, and then grinding the mixed powder until no large agglomeration exists, thus finishing the preparation of the modified foaming agent.

A method for preparing an anti-collision bumper by using the anti-collision material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following specific steps:

1) weighing the raw materials according to the weight ratio of the raw materials in the components, uniformly mixing the raw materials except the modified foaming agent to prepare a blank, feeding the blank into a smelting furnace, heating to 1200-1600 ℃, and melting and mixing the raw materials;

2) tackifying process and foaming process: adding a modified foaming agent into the melting furnace in the step 1), and stirring at a stirring speed of 1500-2000rpm for 5-10min to increase the viscosity of the melt and uniformly distribute the modified foaming agent in the melt;

3) and (3) heat preservation: after the foaming agent is uniformly mixed, the temperature is kept at 900-1100 ℃ for 5-10 min;

4) and (3) casting and molding the melt in the step 3) by adopting a casting mold to obtain the anti-collision bumper.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the foaming agent has the advantages of reasonable component configuration, low cost, reduction of traditional preparation steps, reduction of production cost, thickening and foaming functions, increase of the porosity of the material and improvement of the energy absorption effect.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

The invention discloses an anti-collision material: the composition is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of aluminum powder, 5 parts of tungstate, 5 parts of silicon carbide, 2 parts of iron ore powder, 1 part of silicotungstic acid, 0.5 part of magnesium carbide, 0.5 part of modified foaming agent, 2 parts of tungsten carbide, 3 parts of tantalum carbide, 2 parts of niobium carbide, 1 part of purple sand mud, 0.5 part of potassium silicate and 0.5 part of boron nitride.

The modified foaming agent is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of graphene, 5 parts of silicon nitride, 5 parts of gypsum, 5 parts of pyrite cinder, 5 parts of slaked lime powder, 0.5 part of talcum powder, 2 parts of rare earth mixture, 0.5 part of quartz sand and 0.5 part of calcined kaolin.

The preparation method of the modified foaming agent comprises the following steps: boron nitride, gypsum, pyrite cinder, slaked lime powder, talcum powder, quartz sand and calcined kaolin powder are dispersed by using absolute ethyl alcohol as a dispersion medium, wherein the mass ratio of the powder to the ethyl alcohol is 1: 30, performing ultrasonic dispersion on the mixture for 1 hour on an ultrasonic cleaning machine; placing the mixture subjected to ultrasonic dispersion into a nylon ball milling tank, adding a graphene and rare earth mixture, taking agate balls as grinding balls, wherein the ball-material mass ratio is 7: 1, continuously ball-milling for 2 hours in a ball mill under the condition that the rotating speed is 150 revolutions per minute, pouring the powder subjected to ball milling together with agate grinding balls into a powder tray, drying at 80 ℃, sieving the dried powder, taking out the agate grinding balls, and then grinding the mixed powder until no large agglomeration exists, thus finishing the preparation of the modified foaming agent;

the invention also aims to provide a method for preparing an anti-collision bumper by using the anti-collision material, which comprises the following specific steps:

1) weighing the raw materials according to the weight ratio of the raw materials in the components, uniformly mixing the raw materials except the modified foaming agent to prepare a blank, feeding the blank into a smelting furnace, heating to 1200-1600 ℃, and melting and mixing the raw materials;

2) tackifying process and foaming process: adding the modified foaming agent into the melting furnace in the step 1), and stirring at the stirring speed of 1500-;

3) and (3) heat preservation: after the foaming agent is uniformly mixed, the temperature is maintained for 5-10min at the temperature of 900-;

4) and (3) casting and molding the melt in the step 3) by adopting a casting mold to obtain the anti-collision bumper.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.