阅读说明：本技术 缓冲液压油缸 (Buffer hydraulic oil cylinder ) 是由 刘彤 李文卫 王建超 于 2018-11-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及液压油缸,为解决油缸上下缓冲和快速启动问题。缓冲液压油缸包括缸体组件和活塞杆组件,缸体组件由缸盖、筒和缸头组成,活塞杆组件由活塞与活塞杆组成。活塞杆的一端与活塞连接,另外一端从缸盖处伸出油缸外部,活塞将油缸内部空间分隔成有杆腔和无杆腔,筒上设置与无杆腔、有杆腔相通的油口,活塞内设置节流通道、通油孔、安装单向阀。活塞杆组件运动至缸盖或者缸头附近,活塞封闭油口,有杆腔或者无杆腔通过节流通道与油口相通,因节流通道的阻尼作用,从而实现油缸的上下缓冲。油缸伸出或者缩回启动时,液压油从油口流入缓冲油路,打开单向阀,从单向阀流出至无杆腔或有杆腔,从而实现快速伸出或缩回启动。(The invention relates to a hydraulic oil cylinder, and aims to solve the problems of up-down buffering and quick starting of the oil cylinder. The buffer hydraulic oil cylinder comprises a cylinder body assembly and a piston rod assembly, wherein the cylinder body assembly comprises a cylinder cover, a cylinder and a cylinder head, and the piston rod assembly comprises a piston and a piston rod. One end of the piston rod is connected with the piston, the other end of the piston rod extends out of the oil cylinder from the cylinder cover, the piston divides the inner space of the oil cylinder into a rod cavity and a rodless cavity, the cylinder is provided with an oil port communicated with the rodless cavity and the rod cavity, and the piston is internally provided with a throttling channel, an oil through hole and a mounting one-way valve. The piston rod assembly moves to the position near the cylinder cover or the cylinder head, the piston seals the oil port, the rod cavity or the rodless cavity is communicated with the oil port through the throttling channel, and the upper and lower buffering of the oil cylinder is realized due to the damping effect of the throttling channel. When the oil cylinder is started to extend or retract, hydraulic oil flows into the buffer oil way from the oil port, the one-way valve is opened, and the hydraulic oil flows out of the one-way valve to the rodless cavity or the rod cavity, so that quick extension or retraction starting is realized.)

1. The buffering hydraulic oil cylinder comprises a cylinder body assembly and a piston rod assembly, wherein the cylinder body assembly comprises a cylinder cover, a cylinder and a cylinder head, the piston rod assembly comprises a piston and a piston rod, one end of the piston rod is connected with the piston, the other end of the piston rod extends out of the oil cylinder from the cylinder cover, the piston divides the inner space of the cylinder body assembly into a rod cavity and a rodless cavity, the cylinder is provided with an oil port communicated with the rodless cavity and the rod cavity, the piston is provided with a throttling channel, an oil through hole and a one-way valve installation stepped hole, the piston rod assembly moves to the position near the cylinder cover or the cylinder head, the piston closes the oil port on the cylinder, and the rod cavity or the rodless cavity is communicated with the.

2. The buffer hydraulic cylinder according to claim 1, wherein the piston is a stepped shaft, the first stepped shaft having a large diameter and matching the inside diameter of the cylinder, and the second stepped shaft having a small diameter and engaging with a cavity in the piston rod; a first oil through hole is formed in the center of the end face of the rodless cavity of the first stepped shaft of the piston, N one-way valve mounting stepped holes I are formed in the same circumference of the end face, a second oil through hole is formed in the center of the end face of the second stepped shaft of the piston, and the first oil through hole is not communicated with the second oil through hole; the first step shaft is close to the outer circular surface of the rodless cavity, a first throttling channel which penetrates through the bottom of the one-way valve mounting stepped hole and the bottom of the first oil through hole is formed, the number of the first throttling channel is N, and the first throttling channel corresponds to the one-way valve mounting stepped hole.

3. The buffer hydraulic oil cylinder according to claim 1 and 2, wherein the first throttling channel is composed of a first throttling groove, a first throttling hole and a first through hole, the second throttling channel is composed of a second throttling groove, a second throttling hole and a second through hole, the first throttling groove and the second throttling groove are annular grooves in a first stepped shaft of the piston, the first throttling hole is communicated with the first bottom of the check valve mounting stepped hole, the second throttling hole is communicated with the second bottom of the check valve mounting stepped hole, the first through hole is communicated with the first throttling hole and the first through hole, the second through hole is communicated with the second through hole, and the diameter of the first throttling hole and the diameter of the second throttling hole are smaller than that of the first through hole and the diameter of the second through hole.

4. The hydraulic cylinder according to claims 1 and 2, wherein a check valve is installed in the check valve installation stepped hole, the check valve controls the flow of hydraulic oil from the throttling passage to the rod chamber or the rodless chamber, and the reverse oil path is not communicated.

5. The buffer hydraulic oil cylinder according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the end of the piston rod connected to the piston is provided with a cavity, the second stepped shaft of the piston is sleeved in the cavity of the piston rod, the bottom of the cavity is provided with P large radial holes communicated with the rod cavity, and the communication oil path is composed of the large radial holes, the gap of the cavity at the bottom of the piston rod, and the second oil passage.

6. The buffer hydraulic oil cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that the end face of the side of the rod cavity of the cylinder cover is provided with a buffer cavity, and the buffer cavity has a clearance with the piston rod.

7. The hydraulic buffering oil cylinder as claimed in claims 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, characterized in that the lower buffering oil path is composed of a first throttling channel and a first oil through hole, and the upper buffering oil path is composed of a second throttling channel and a communicating oil path.

8. The buffering hydraulic oil cylinder according to claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, characterized in that when the piston rod assembly moves to the vicinity of the cylinder head, the piston closes the lower oil port, the rodless cavity is relatively closed, and hydraulic oil can only flow from the lower buffering oil path to the lower oil port to realize lower buffering; when the piston rod assembly moves to the position near the cylinder cover, the piston seals the upper oil port, the rod cavity is relatively sealed, hydraulic oil can only flow to the upper buffering oil way from the buffering cavity and flows out from the upper oil port, and buffering is realized.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a hydraulic oil cylinder, in particular to a hydraulic oil cylinder with an upper buffer and a lower buffer.

Background

In the process of rapid movement of the hydraulic cylinder, strong impact, noise and even mechanical collision can be generated at the stroke end, particularly under the condition of high pressure, the impact is more obvious, the service life of the hydraulic cylinder is seriously influenced, therefore, proper buffering and braking must be carried out before the movement is finished to ensure the service lives of a hydraulic system and the hydraulic cylinder, generally common buffering comprises in-cylinder buffering and out-cylinder buffering, however, the out-cylinder buffering can increase the complexity of the whole hydraulic system and the cost of the whole hydraulic system, the in-cylinder buffering has a simple structure and small volume, and no additional hydraulic elements such as any flow control valve are needed to be added, so that the hydraulic cylinder is an ideal buffering mode.

The hydro-cylinder of taking buffer structure that uses at present also ubiquitous following two problems: 1) only the side of the rodless cavity or the side of the rod cavity of the oil cylinder is provided with a buffer structure, namely, the oil cylinder only has upper buffer or lower buffer, and the oil cylinder with the upper buffer and the lower buffer is less; 2) the starting speed of the oil cylinder with the buffer structure is low.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a hydraulic oil cylinder with upper and lower buffers, which not only realizes the upper and lower buffers, but also can solve the problems of low starting speed and the like of the traditional hydraulic oil cylinder.

In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the buffer hydraulic oil cylinder comprises a cylinder body assembly and a piston rod assembly, wherein the cylinder body assembly comprises a cylinder cover, a cylinder and a cylinder head, and the piston rod assembly comprises a piston and a piston rod. The one end and the piston connection of piston rod, the hydro-cylinder outside is stretched out from the cylinder cap to one end in addition, the piston will cylinder body subassembly inner space partition has pole chamber and no pole chamber, has set up on the section of thick bamboo with no pole chamber, have the communicating hydraulic fluid port in pole chamber, has set up the throttle passageway on the piston, the oil-through hole, check valve installation shoulder hole, piston rod subassembly motion is near cylinder cap or cylinder head, and the hydraulic fluid port is sealed to the piston, has pole chamber or no pole chamber to communicate with each other through throttle passageway and hydraulic fluid port, because of the damping effect of throttle passageway to realize the buffering of hydro-cylinder.

In the buffer oil cylinder, the piston is a stepped shaft, the diameter of the first stepped shaft is large and is matched with the cylinder, and the diameter of the second stepped shaft is small and is sleeved with the concave cavity in the piston rod; a first oil through hole is formed in the center of the end face of the rodless cavity of the first stepped shaft of the piston, N one-way valve mounting stepped holes I are formed in the same circumference of the end face, a second oil through hole is formed in the center of the end face of the second stepped shaft of the piston, and the first oil through hole is not communicated with the second oil through hole. The first step shaft is close to the outer circular surface of the rodless cavity, a first throttling channel which penetrates through the bottom of the one-way valve mounting stepped hole and the bottom of the first oil through hole is formed, the number of the first throttling channel is N, and the first throttling channel corresponds to the one-way valve mounting stepped hole. The throttling channels are not communicated with each other.

In the buffer oil cylinder, the first throttling channel consists of a first throttling groove, a first throttling hole and a first through hole, the second throttling channel consists of a second throttling groove, a second throttling hole and a second through hole, the first throttling groove and the second throttling groove are annular grooves on a first stepped shaft of the piston, the first throttling hole is communicated with the first throttling groove and the first bottom of the one-way valve installation stepped hole, the second throttling hole is communicated with the second bottom of the one-way valve installation stepped hole, the first through hole is communicated with the first throttling hole and the first bottom of the oil through hole, and the second through hole is communicated with the second throttling groove and the second bottom of the oil through hole. The diameter of the first throttle hole and the diameter of the second throttle hole are smaller than that of the first through hole and that of the second through hole.

In the buffer oil cylinder, the check valve is arranged in the check valve mounting stepped hole, the check valve controls hydraulic oil to flow to the rod cavity or the rodless cavity from the throttling channel, and the reverse oil way is not communicated.

In the buffer oil cylinder, the end part of the piston rod connected with the piston is provided with the concave cavity, the second step shaft of the piston is sleeved in the concave cavity of the piston rod, the bottom of the concave cavity is provided with P large radial holes communicated with the rod cavity, and the communicated oil way is composed of the large radial holes, the gap of the concave cavity at the bottom of the piston rod and the second oil through hole.

In the buffer oil cylinder, the end face of the side of the rod cavity of the cylinder cover is provided with the buffer cavity, and a gap is reserved between the buffer cavity and the piston rod.

According to the buffer oil cylinder, the lower buffer oil way is composed of the first throttling channel and the first oil through hole, and the upper buffer oil way is composed of the second throttling channel and the oil through hole.

Above-mentioned cushion cylinder, the theory of operation of the upper and lower buffering of cushion cylinder is: when the piston rod assembly moves to the position near the cylinder head, the piston seals the lower oil port, the rodless cavity is relatively sealed, and hydraulic oil flows to the lower oil port from the lower buffering oil path; when the piston rod assembly moves to near the cylinder cover, the piston seals the upper oil port, the rod cavity is relatively sealed, hydraulic oil flows to the upper buffering oil way from the buffering cavity, flows out from the upper oil port, and due to the gap between the buffering cavity and the piston rod and the damping effect of the second throttling hole in the upper buffering oil way, the speed of the hydraulic oil flowing out of the rod cavity is reduced, the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the rod cavity is improved, the movement speed of the piston rod assembly is reduced, and the upper buffering is realized.

Above-mentioned cushion cylinder, cushion cylinder's quick start's theory of operation is: 1) and (3) starting stretching: hydraulic oil flows into the buffer oil way from the lower oil port, opens the first check valve and flows out of the first check valve to the rodless cavity, so that quick stretching starting is realized; 2) and when the retraction is started, hydraulic oil flows into the buffer oil way from the upper oil port, the second one-way valve is opened, and the hydraulic oil flows out of the second one-way valve to the rod cavity, so that the quick retraction starting is realized.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of a hydraulic cushion cylinder

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of buffer oil flow under a hydraulic buffer cylinder

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of flow of buffer hydraulic oil on a hydraulic buffer cylinder

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic buffer cylinder extending to quickly start the flow of hydraulic oil

FIG. 5 schematic diagram of hydraulic buffer cylinder retracting to quickly start hydraulic oil flow

Part names and serial numbers in the figure: the piston rod 1, the cylinder cover 2, the cylinder 3, the buffer cavity 4, the rod cavity 5, the cavity bottom gap 6, the large radial hole 7, the second oil through hole 8, the check valve mounting hole two 9, the check valve two 10, the piston 11, the first through hole 12, the first throttling groove 13, the first throttling hole 14, the check valve mounting hole one 15, the check valve one 16, the rodless cavity 17, the cylinder head 18, the first oil through hole 19, the oil outlet 20, the second through hole 21, the second throttling hole 22, the second throttling groove 23 and the upper oil outlet 24.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments refers to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, the hydraulic cushion cylinder in this embodiment includes a cylinder block assembly and a piston rod assembly, the cylinder block assembly includes a cylinder head 2, a cylinder 3 and a cylinder head 18, and the piston rod assembly includes a piston 11 and a piston rod 1. The one end and the piston 11 of piston rod 1 are connected, and the hydro-cylinder outside is stretched out from cylinder cap 2 to one end in addition, piston 11 will cylinder body subassembly inner space partition has pole chamber 5 and no pole chamber 17, has set up on a section of thick bamboo 3 with no pole chamber 17, have the communicating hydraulic fluid port in pole chamber 5, has set up throttle passageway on the piston 11, leads to the oil hole, check valve installation shoulder hole, the piston rod subassembly moves to near cylinder cap 2 or cylinder head 18, and piston 11 seals the hydraulic fluid port, has pole chamber 5 or no pole chamber 17 to communicate with each other with the hydraulic fluid port through throttle passageway.

As shown in fig. 1, the piston 11 is a stepped shaft, the first stepped shaft has a large diameter and is matched with the cylinder 3, and the second stepped shaft has a small diameter and is sleeved in the cavity of the piston rod 1; a first oil through hole 19 is formed in the center of the end face of the rodless cavity side of the first stepped shaft of the piston 11, 4 one-way valve mounting stepped holes 15 are formed in the same circumference of the end face, a second oil through hole 8 is formed in the center of the end face of the second stepped shaft of the piston 11, and the first oil through hole 19 is not communicated with the second oil through hole 8. The first stepped shaft is provided with 3 one-way valve mounting stepped holes II 9 on the same circumferential end face on the side of the rod cavity, the outer circular surface of the first stepped shaft close to the side of the rod cavity is provided with second throttling passages communicated with the bottoms of the two one-way valve mounting stepped holes 9 and the bottom of the second oil through hole 8, the number of the second throttling passages is 3 and corresponds to the two communicated one-way valve mounting stepped holes II 9, the outer circular surface of the first stepped shaft close to the rodless cavity is provided with first throttling passages communicated with the bottoms of the first one-way valve mounting stepped holes I15 and the bottoms of the first oil through holes 19, the number of the first throttling passages is 4 and corresponds to the communicated one-way valve mounting stepped holes I15, the first one-way valve mounting stepped holes I15 are the same as the second one-way valve mounting stepped holes 9 in specification, and the first one-way valve 16 and the second one-way valve 10 are the.

As shown in fig. 1, the first throttle passage is composed of a first throttle groove 13, a first throttle hole 14, a first through hole 12, the second throttle passage is composed of a second throttle groove 23, a second throttle hole 22, and a second through hole 21, the first throttle groove 13 and the second throttle groove 23 are annular grooves on the first step shaft of the piston 11, the first throttle hole 14 communicates the first throttle groove 13 with the first bottom of the check valve mounting step hole 15, the second throttle hole 22 communicates the second throttle groove 23 with the second bottom of the check valve mounting step hole 9, the first through hole 12 communicates the first throttle hole 14 with the first bottom of the first oil through hole 19, and the second through hole 21 communicates the second throttle hole 22 with the second bottom of the second oil through hole 8. The diameters of the first orifice 14 and the second orifice 22 are smaller than those of the first through hole 12 and the second through hole 21.

As shown in fig. 1, check valves (10, 16) are installed in check valve installation stepped holes (9, 15), the check valves (10, 16) control the flow of hydraulic oil from the throttle passage to the rod chamber 5 or the rodless chamber 17, and the reverse oil path is blocked.

As shown in fig. 1, a concave cavity is formed in the end portion of the piston rod 1 connected with the piston 11, the piston 11 is sleeved in the concave cavity of the piston rod 1 through a second stepped shaft, 3 large radial holes (7) communicated with the rod cavity 5 are formed in the bottom of the concave cavity, and the communicated oil path is composed of the large radial holes 7, a gap 6 of the concave cavity at the bottom of the piston rod and a second oil through hole 8.

As shown in figure 1, a buffer cavity 4 is arranged on the end face of the cylinder cover 2 with the rod cavity side, and a gap is reserved between the buffer cavity 4 and the piston rod 1.

When the piston rod assembly moves to the position near the cylinder head 18, the piston 11 seals the lower oil port 20, the rodless cavity 17 is relatively sealed, hydraulic oil can only flow from the lower buffer oil path to the lower oil port 20 to realize lower buffering, and fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the flow of the lower buffer hydraulic oil; when the piston rod assembly moves to the position near the cylinder cover 2, the piston 11 closes the oil feeding port, the rod cavity 5 is relatively closed, hydraulic oil can only flow to the upper buffering oil way from the buffering cavity 4 and flow out from the oil feeding port 24, upper buffering is achieved, and fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the flowing of the upper buffering hydraulic oil.

When the oil cylinder is extended and started, hydraulic oil flows into the buffer oil way from the lower oil port 20, the first check valve 16 is opened, and the hydraulic oil flows out of the first check valve 16 to the rodless cavity 17, so that quick extension and starting are realized, and fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the flow of the hydraulic oil during extension and starting; when retraction is started, hydraulic oil flows into the buffer oil circuit from the upper oil port 24, the second check valve 10 is opened, and the hydraulic oil flows out of the second check valve 10 to the rod cavity 5, so that quick retraction starting is realized, and fig. 5 is a schematic flow diagram of the hydraulic oil during retraction starting.