阅读说明：本技术 一种加工设备及加工方法 (Processing equipment and processing method ) 是由 叶长美 田丰 杨永兴 于 2021-08-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于发动机加工技术领域,公开一种加工设备及加工方法,该加工方法使用该加工设备,该加工设备用于加工气缸盖座圈,该加工设备包括刀体组件,刀体组件上开设有安装槽,安装槽内活动安装有刀片；调刀组件,刀体组件上还开设有调节孔,安装槽与调节孔相通,调刀组件活动安装于调节孔内上,调刀组件用于调整刀片的加工角度；压紧组件,压紧组件用于将刀片压紧于刀体组件上。本发明的调刀组件能够使刀片调整到预设的加工角度,使刀片对准工件,提高加工精度,保证刀片的使用寿命。(The invention belongs to the technical field of engine processing, and discloses a processing device and a processing method, wherein the processing device is used in the processing method, the processing device is used for processing a cylinder cover seat ring, the processing device comprises a cutter body assembly, an installation groove is formed in the cutter body assembly, and a blade is movably arranged in the installation groove; the cutter body assembly is also provided with an adjusting hole, the mounting groove is communicated with the adjusting hole, the cutter adjusting assembly is movably mounted in the adjusting hole and is used for adjusting the machining angle of the blade; and the pressing assembly is used for pressing the blade onto the cutter body assembly. The cutter adjusting assembly can adjust the cutter blade to a preset machining angle, so that the cutter blade is aligned to a workpiece, the machining precision is improved, and the service life of the cutter blade is ensured.)

1. A machining apparatus for machining a cylinder head seat ring, comprising:

the cutter body assembly (1), wherein the cutter body assembly (1) is provided with a mounting groove, and a blade (4) is movably mounted in the mounting groove;

the cutter adjusting assembly (2), the cutter body assembly (1) is further provided with an adjusting hole, the mounting groove is communicated with the adjusting hole, the cutter adjusting assembly (2) is movably mounted in the adjusting hole, and the cutter adjusting assembly (2) is used for adjusting the machining angle of the blade (4);

the pressing assembly (3) is used for pressing the blade (4) on the cutter body assembly (1).

2. The machining apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the adjustment hole is a threaded hole, the adjustment assembly (2) comprises an adjustment screw (21) and a wedge block (22), the adjustment screw (21) and the wedge block (22) are both received in the threaded hole, and the wedge block (22) is located between the adjustment screw (21) and the insert (4).

3. The machining apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the sum of the lengths of the setscrew (21) and the wedge block (22) is less than or equal to the length of the threaded hole.

4. The processing equipment according to claim 1, wherein the cutter body assembly (1) is further provided with a compression hole, the compression hole is communicated with the mounting groove, the compression assembly (3) comprises a compression screw (31) and a compression member (32), the compression screw (31) is installed in the compression hole in a threaded manner, the compression member (32) is sleeved on the periphery of the compression screw (31), and the compression screw (31) is used for driving the compression member (32) to compress the blade (4).

5. A machining method for machining a cylinder head seat ring, characterized by using the machining apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 4, the method comprising:

adjusting the machining angle of the blade (4) through the cutter adjusting assembly (2);

detecting whether the machining angle of the blade (4) meets the preset requirement or not by using a tool setting gauge;

the blade (4) is pressed on the cutter body component (1) through the pressing component (3);

the cutter body assembly (1) drives the blades (4) to machine the cylinder cover seat ring.

6. The process of claim 5, wherein said steps of: the machining angle of the blade (4) is adjusted through the cutter adjusting component (2), and the method specifically comprises the following steps:

the cutter adjusting screw (21) located in a threaded hole of the cutter body assembly (1) is rotated, the cutter adjusting screw (21) pushes a wedge block (22) to be close to the blade (4), and the wedge block (22) is enabled to push the blade (4) and change the machining angle of the blade (4).

7. The process of claim 5, wherein said steps of: detecting whether the machining angle of the blade (4) meets the requirement or not by using a tool setting gauge;

if yes, the following steps are carried out: the blade (4) is pressed on the cutter body component (1) through the pressing component (3);

if not, returning to the step: the machining angle of the blade (4) is adjusted through the cutter adjusting assembly (2).

8. Machining method according to claim 5, characterized in that the cutter body assembly (1) comprises a spindle (11), said steps of: the cutter body assembly (1) drives the blade (4) to machine the cylinder cover seat ring, and the machining method specifically comprises the following steps:

the rotating speed of the main shaft (11) is adjusted to be a first preset rotating speed;

performing a first tool compensation, the blade (4) moving to a top surface of the cylinder head seat ring;

and the blade (4) processes the top surface to a first preset size according to the first preset rotating speed.

9. The process of claim 8, wherein, in said step: after the blade (4) processes the top surface to a first preset size according to the first preset rotating speed, the method further comprises the following steps:

adjusting the rotation speed of the main shaft (11) to a second preset rotation speed;

performing a second tool compensation, wherein the blade (4) moves to a shoulder hole of the cylinder head seat ring;

the blade (4) processes the surface of the shoulder hole to a second preset size according to the second preset rotating speed;

and delaying the processing, wherein the delay time is a first preset time.

10. The process of claim 9, wherein delaying the time until the point is reached, further comprising the steps of:

returning the blade (4) to a safety point.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of engine processing, in particular to processing equipment and a processing method.

Background

The cylinder cover of the diesel engine is provided with a valve seat ring, taking a four-valve series engine as an example, the processing method of the four cylinder cover valve seat rings in the prior art comprises the steps of hand-reaming processing, vertical drilling machine processing, processing by combining a processing center with a special cutter and the like, and when the hand-reaming processing is adopted, the processing method is only suitable for small-batch production, the labor intensity is high, the production efficiency is low, and the straightness, the roughness, the roundness and the angle of the cylinder cover seat ring can not meet the technical requirements of the process; when the vertical drilling machine is adopted for processing, although the labor intensity is reduced and the production efficiency is improved, the slope taper, the roughness and the sinking of the seat ring can not meet the technical requirements of the process; the machining center is combined with a special tool for machining, and the special tool has the characteristics of high positioning precision of the machining center, strong rigidity of a main shaft, automatic change of cutting speed and automatic replacement of the tool, but the special tool of the type is a formed blade, the slope taper of the seat ring is not adjustable on a tool body, the slope taper of the seat ring is influenced by cutting force, the slope taper of the seat ring is poor, the service life of the tool is influenced, and the production cost is increased.

Disclosure of Invention

One object of the present invention is: the utility model provides a processing equipment, through the angle of processing of the knife adjustment subassembly regulation blade, improve cutting accuracy.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a machining apparatus for machining a cylinder head seat ring, the machining apparatus comprising:

the cutter body assembly is provided with a mounting groove, and a blade is movably mounted in the mounting groove;

the cutter body assembly is provided with a mounting groove, the mounting groove is communicated with the adjusting hole, the cutter adjusting assembly is movably mounted in the adjusting hole, and the cutter adjusting assembly is used for adjusting the machining angle of the blade;

and the pressing assembly is used for pressing the blade on the cutter body assembly.

As an optional technical solution, the adjusting hole is a threaded hole, the knife adjustment assembly includes a knife adjustment screw and a wedge block, the knife adjustment screw and the wedge block are both accommodated in the threaded hole, and the wedge block is located between the knife adjustment screw and the blade.

As an optional technical solution, the sum of the lengths of the cutter adjusting screw and the wedge block is less than or equal to the length of the threaded hole.

As an optional technical scheme, a compression hole is further formed in the cutter body assembly, the compression hole is communicated with the mounting groove, the compression assembly comprises a compression screw and a compression piece, the compression screw is mounted in the compression hole in a threaded manner, the compression piece is sleeved on the periphery of the compression screw, and the compression screw is used for driving the compression piece to compress the blade.

Another object of the invention is: the machining method is provided, and the machining angle of the blade is detected through the tool setting gauge, so that the blade cannot be aligned with a workpiece.

For the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a machining method for machining a cylinder head seat insert, using the machining apparatus as described above, the method comprising:

adjusting the machining angle of the blade through the cutter adjusting assembly;

detecting whether the machining angle of the blade meets a preset requirement or not by using a tool setting gauge;

pressing the blade against the cutter body assembly by the pressing assembly;

and the cutter body assembly drives the blade to machine the cylinder cover seat ring.

As an optional technical solution, the steps are: the machining angle of the blade is adjusted through the cutter adjusting assembly, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:

and rotating a cutter adjusting screw in a threaded hole of the cutter body assembly, wherein the cutter adjusting screw pushes a wedge block to be close to the blade, so that the wedge block is abutted against the blade and the machining angle of the blade is changed.

As an optional technical solution, the steps are: detecting whether the machining angle of the blade meets the requirement or not by using a tool setting gauge;

if yes, the following steps are carried out: compressing the blade against the cutter body assembly by the compression assembly;

if not, returning to the step: and adjusting the machining angle of the blade through the blade adjusting assembly.

As an optional technical solution, the cutter body assembly includes a main shaft, and the steps of: the cutter body assembly drives the blade to machine the cylinder cover seat ring, and the machining method specifically comprises the following steps:

the rotating speed of the main shaft is adjusted to be a first preset rotating speed;

performing a first tool compensation, the blade moving to a top surface of the cylinder head seat ring;

and machining the top surface to a first preset size by the blade according to the first preset rotating speed.

As an optional technical solution, in the step: after the blade processes the top surface to a first preset size according to the first preset rotating speed, the method further comprises the following steps:

adjusting the rotation speed of the main shaft to a second preset rotation speed;

performing second tool compensation, and moving the blade to a shoulder hole of the cylinder head seat ring;

the blade processes the surface of the shoulder hole to a second preset size according to the second preset rotating speed;

and delaying the processing, wherein the delay time is a first preset time.

As an optional technical solution, after the time is delayed to a point, the method further includes the steps of:

returning the blade to a safe point.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention provides a processing device and a processing method, the processing device is used for processing a cylinder cover seat ring, the processing method uses the processing device, the processing device comprises a cutter body component, a cutter adjusting component and a pressing component, a blade is movably arranged in a mounting groove on the cutter body component, the cutter adjusting component is convenient to adjust the blade to a proper processing angle, the cutter adjusting component can be completely accommodated in the adjusting hole, the cutter adjusting component is prevented from contacting with an external object when the cutter body component drives the blade to process a workpiece, the blade is pressed by the pressing component after being adjusted to a preset processing angle in the mounting groove, and the blade is prevented from separating from the cutter body component or deviating in the mounting groove in the process of processing the workpiece, so that the processing precision is ensured.

Drawings

The invention is explained in further detail below with reference to the figures and examples;

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a first cross-section of a processing tool according to a first embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a second cross-section of the processing tool according to the first embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the processing method described in example two.

In the drawings:

1. a cutter body assembly; 11. a main shaft;

2. a knife adjustment assembly; 21. adjusting a cutter screw; 22. a wedge block;

3. a compression assembly; 31. a compression screw; 32. a compression member;

4. a blade.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems solved, technical solutions adopted and technical effects achieved by the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning permanently connected, removably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

In the description herein, it is to be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings for convenience in description and simplicity of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used merely for descriptive purposes and are not intended to have any special meaning.

In the description herein, references to the description of "an embodiment," "an example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.

The first embodiment is as follows:

when a cylinder head seat ring in an engine is machined, a machining method that a machining center is combined with a special cutter is usually adopted, and the cylinder head seat ring is machined on a large scale by utilizing the characteristics of high repeated positioning precision, strong rigidity of a main shaft, automatic change of cutting speed and automatic replacement of the machining center.

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, in order to solve the above problems, the present embodiment provides a processing apparatus, by which a cylinder head race is processed, and the processing precision of the cylinder head race can be improved, the processing apparatus includes a cutter body assembly 1, a cutter adjusting assembly 2 and a pressing assembly 3, the cutter body assembly 1 is provided with an installation groove, and a blade 4 is movably installed in the installation groove; the cutter body component 1 is also provided with an adjusting hole, the mounting groove is communicated with the adjusting hole, the cutter adjusting component 2 is movably mounted in the adjusting hole, and the cutter adjusting component 2 is used for adjusting the processing angle of the blade 4; the pressing assembly 3 is installed on the cutter body assembly 1, and the pressing assembly 3 is used for pressing the blade 4 on the cutter body assembly 1.

With blade 4 movable mounting in the mounting groove on cutter body subassembly 1, convenient knife regulating assembly 2 adjusts blade 4 to suitable processing angle, knife regulating assembly 2 can hold in the regulation hole completely, avoid cutter body subassembly 1 to drive blade 4 to add man-hour knife regulating assembly 2 and external object production contact to the work piece, blade 4 compresses tightly through compressing tightly subassembly 3 after adjusting predetermined processing angle in the mounting groove, avoid blade 4 to break away from in cutter body subassembly 1 or take place the skew in the mounting groove at the in-process of carrying out processing to the work piece, in order to guarantee the machining precision.

In this embodiment, the adjusting hole is a threaded hole, the tool setting assembly 2 includes a tool setting screw 21 and a wedge 22, the tool setting screw 21 and the wedge 22 are both accommodated in the threaded hole, and the wedge 22 is located between the tool setting screw 21 and the blade 4. When the blade 4 is adjusted to a preset machining angle, the cutter adjusting screw 21 stops rotating, the cutter adjusting screw 21 is fixed in the threaded hole, the wedge block 22 supports the back of the blade 4, and the cutter adjusting screw 21 can be completely accommodated in the threaded hole, so that when the cutter body assembly 1 rotates, the cutter adjusting screw 21 cannot touch a cylinder cover seat ring, and the interference cutter hitting phenomenon is avoided.

In the embodiment, the sum of the lengths of the cutter adjusting screw 21 and the wedge block 22 is less than or equal to the length of the threaded hole, so that the cutter adjusting screw 21 and the wedge block 22 are completely accommodated in the threaded hole.

In this embodiment, still set up on the cutter body subassembly 1 and press the hole, press the hole to communicate with each other with the mounting groove, compress tightly subassembly 3 and include housing screw 31 and compressing tightly 32, and housing screw 31 screw thread is installed in the housing screw, and compressing tightly 32 covers the periphery of locating housing screw 31, and housing screw 31 is used for driving compressing tightly 32 and compresses tightly blade 4. The outer wall of the one end of the pressing piece 32 is provided with a convex plate, when the pressing screw 31 rotates and is fastened in the pressing hole, the convex plate on the pressing piece 32 is pushed against and presses the blade 4, and the installation stability of the blade 4 is ensured.

Example two:

when a cylinder head seat ring in an engine is machined, the machining quality problem of the cylinder head seat ring can be caused by adopting some existing machining processes and machining methods, for example, the verticality of a bottom hole of an air inlet seat ring, the angle of a conical surface of the seat ring, the distance from an air inlet spring seat hole to the ground, the roughness and the like are all unqualified, especially the unqualified angle of the conical surface of the seat ring accounts for 78% of all unqualified items, and the comprehensive item-time qualification rate of the cylinder head is greatly influenced.

As shown in fig. 3, to solve the above problem, the present embodiment provides a machining method for machining a cylinder head seat ring, using the machining apparatus of the first embodiment, the method including:

s100, adjusting the machining angle of the blade 4 through the blade adjusting assembly 2;

s200, detecting whether the machining angle of the blade 4 meets the preset requirement by adopting a tool setting gauge;

s300, pressing the blade 4 on the cutter body assembly 1 through the pressing assembly 3;

s400, the cutter body assembly 1 drives the blade 4 to machine the cylinder cover seat ring.

The method can adjust the blade 4 to a preset processing angle, meet preset requirements, improve processing precision such as straightness, roughness, roundness and slope taper of the cylinder cover seat ring, and avoid that the cutting process cannot meet technical requirements and finally the cylinder cover is scrapped because the processing angle of the blade 4 does not meet the preset requirements or the blade 4 is loosened in the processing process, and when the processing angle of the blade 4 does not meet the preset requirements and the cylinder cover seat ring is still subjected to cutting processing, potential safety hazards of fracture of the blade 4 are generated, production safety cannot be guaranteed, and the service life of the blade 4 is greatly shortened. The machining angle of the blade 4 of the present embodiment is an angle of the edge of the blade 4 with respect to the machining surface of the cylinder head seat ring.

The tolerance requirement of the cylinder cover seat ring is 90-0.5 degrees, the maximum angle detection value of the existing tool setting gauge is 45 degrees, the measurement requirement of the blade 4 cannot be met, for example, when the angle required to be adjusted of the blade 4 is 0.1 degree, no matter which side the machining angle of the blade 4 is adjusted, the tool setting gauge always displays 44.9 degrees, the blade 444.9 degrees or 45.1 degrees are difficult to distinguish, the confusion is easy, and the correct angle of the blade 4 is unclear, the tool setting gauge is reset in the embodiment, the detection range of the tool setting gauge is changed from the original 45.0 degrees to 90.0 degrees, the error between the cone angle and the measurement angle of the tool setting gauge is only 0.2 degrees, and therefore the process requirement can be met.

Optionally, step S100 specifically includes: the cutter adjusting screw 21 in the threaded hole of the cutter body assembly 1 is rotated, and the cutter adjusting screw 21 pushes the wedge block 22 to be close to the blade 4, so that the wedge block 22 pushes the blade 4 and changes the machining angle of the blade 4.

After step S200, if yes, step S300 is performed, and if no, the process returns to step S100. When the machining angle of blade 4 accords with the preset requirement, need adopt to compress tightly subassembly 3 and compress tightly fixedly to blade 4, avoid blade 4 to break away from in cutter body subassembly 1, when the machining angle of blade 4 does not accord with the preset requirement, need rotate cutting knife subassembly 2 again, make the machining angle adaptability of blade 4 change.

The blade 4 carries out self-defined variable parameter programming on the processing machine before processing the cylinder cover seat ring.

Optionally, the cutter body assembly 1 includes a main shaft 11, and step S400 specifically includes the following steps:

s401, adjusting the rotating speed of the main shaft 11 to a first preset rotating speed;

s402, performing first cutter compensation, and moving the cutter blade 4 to the top surface of the cylinder head seat ring;

and S403, machining the top surface to a first preset size by the blade 4 according to a first preset rotating speed.

The method comprises the steps of processing the top surface of the cylinder cover base to enable the top surface of the cylinder cover seat ring to meet the technical requirements of the process. The top surface of this embodiment is a safety plane.

Optionally, after step S403, the method further includes the following steps:

s404, adjusting the rotating speed of the main shaft 11 to a second preset rotating speed;

s405, performing second cutter compensation, and moving the blade 4 to a shoulder hole of a cylinder cover seat ring;

s406, machining the surface of the shoulder hole to a second preset size by the blade 4 according to a second preset rotating speed;

and S407, delaying the processing, wherein the delay time is a first preset time.

And the blade 4 is arranged at a second preset rotating speed to cut the surface of the shoulder hole until the bottom of the hole is machined.

The machining time delay is carried out on the surface of the shoulder hole, so that the machining precision of the surface of the shoulder hole can be ensured, and cutting waste can be effectively removed.

Optionally, after the time is delayed to a point, the method further includes the steps of:

s408, return blade 4 to the safe point.

In addition, the foregoing is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles applied. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.