阅读说明：本技术 一种基于微型气相色谱的癌症检测系统 (Cancer detection system based on miniature gas chromatography ) 是由 孙建海 陈婷婷 马天军 薛宁 蔡浩原 蒋开晟 于 2021-08-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种基于微型气相色谱的癌症检测方法及系统,针对呼吸气体诊断重大疾病的需求,能够实现呼吸气体中所有气体分子的无干扰高灵敏检测,检测精度高。将微型气相色谱与高灵敏广谱型传感器集成,是一种高集成化便携式呼吸气体检测疾病的诊断仪,只需病人的呼吸气体,属于无创检测；采用进样阀结合双色谱柱方法,不仅可以提高处理复杂样品的能力(可分离组分的种类更多,范围更广),采用微型色谱柱的方法来开发癌症的检测,这种方法不仅可以准确检测呼吸气体各组分的精确含量,解决传感器本身抗干扰能力弱的技术瓶颈,而且可以提高检测仪的便携性,适应现场检测要求。(The invention provides a cancer detection method and a cancer detection system based on micro gas chromatography, aiming at the requirement of respiratory gas for diagnosing major diseases, the method and the system can realize the interference-free high-sensitivity detection of all gas molecules in the respiratory gas and have high detection precision. The micro gas chromatography and the high-sensitivity broad-spectrum sensor are integrated, the diagnosis instrument is a high-integration portable breathing gas disease detection diagnosis instrument, only breathing gas of a patient is needed, and the diagnosis instrument belongs to non-invasive detection; the method adopts the combination of the sample injection valve and the double chromatographic columns, not only can improve the capability of processing complex samples (more types of separable components and wider range), but also adopts the method of the micro chromatographic columns to develop the detection of cancers, and the method not only can accurately detect the accurate content of each component of respiratory gas, solves the technical bottleneck that the self anti-interference capability of the sensor is weak, but also can improve the portability of the detector and is suitable for the requirement of on-site detection.)

1. A cancer detection system based on micro gas chromatography is characterized by comprising a waste sample emptying port, a first enricher, a second enricher, a first micro gas chromatography column, a second micro gas chromatography column, a first path of carrier gas, a second path of carrier gas, a detector, a breathing gas preprocessor, a first gas flow controller, a second gas flow controller, a sample injection valve and a sampling pump;

wherein, the sample injection valve is a ten-way valve and comprises 10 ports, the serial numbers are sequenced according to a clockwise sequence, the 2 end is communicated with the 3 end, the 4 end is communicated with the 5 end, the 6 end is communicated with the 7 end, the 8 end is communicated with the 9 end, and the 10 end is communicated with the 1 end;

a respiratory gas outlet of the respiratory gas preprocessor is connected with the end 1 of the sample injection valve;

one end of the sampling pump is connected with the 2 end of the sample injection valve, and the other end of the sampling pump is connected with the waste sample emptying port;

the first gas flow controller is connected with the 9 end of the sample injection valve and used for inputting a first path of carrier gas, and the second gas flow controller is connected with the 5 end of the sample injection valve and used for inputting a second path of carrier gas;

two ends of the first enrichment device are respectively connected with the 10 end and the 7 end of the sample injection valve, and two ends of the second enrichment device are respectively connected with the 3 end and the 6 end of the sample injection valve;

one end of the first chromatographic column is connected with the 8 end of the sample injection valve, the other end of the first chromatographic column is connected with the inlet end of the detector, the second chromatographic column is connected with the 4 end of the sample injection valve, and the other end of the first chromatographic column is connected with the inlet end of the detector; the outlet end of the detector is connected with a chromatographic workstation.

2. A cancer detection system based on micro gas chromatography is characterized by comprising a waste sample emptying port, a first enricher, a second enricher, a first micro gas chromatography column, a second micro gas chromatography column, a first carrier gas, a second carrier gas, a first detector, a second detector, a breathing gas preprocessor, a first gas flow controller, a second gas flow controller, a sample injection valve and a sampling pump;

wherein, the sample injection valve is a ten-way valve and comprises 10 ports, the serial numbers are sequenced according to a clockwise sequence, the 2 end is communicated with the 3 end, the 4 end is communicated with the 5 end, the 6 end is communicated with the 7 end, the 8 end is communicated with the 9 end, and the 10 end is communicated with the 1 end;

a respiratory gas outlet of the respiratory gas preprocessor is connected with the end 1 of the sample injection valve;

one end of the sampling pump is connected with the 2 end of the sample injection valve, and the other end of the sampling pump is connected with the waste sample emptying port;

the first gas flow controller is connected with the 9 end of the sample injection valve and used for inputting a first path of carrier gas, and the second gas flow controller is connected with the 5 end of the sample injection valve and used for inputting a second path of carrier gas;

two ends of the first enrichment device are respectively connected with the 10 end and the 7 end of the sample injection valve, and two ends of the second enrichment device are respectively connected with the 3 end and the 6 end of the sample injection valve;

one end of the first chromatographic column is connected with the 8 end of the sample injection valve, the other end of the first chromatographic column is connected with the inlet end of the first path of detector, the second chromatographic column is connected with the 4 end of the sample injection valve, and the other end of the second chromatographic column is connected with the inlet end of the second path of detector; the outlet ends of the two detectors are connected with a chromatographic workstation.

3. A cancer detection system based on micro gas chromatography is characterized by comprising a waste sample emptying port, a first concentrator, a first micro gas chromatography column, a second micro gas chromatography column, a first path of carrier gas, a second path of carrier gas, a detector, a breathing gas preprocessor, a first gas flow controller, a second gas flow controller, a sample injection valve and a sampling pump;

wherein, a respiratory gas outlet of the respiratory gas preprocessor is connected with the 9 ends of the sample injection valves;

one end of the sampling pump is connected with the 10 end of the sample injection valve, and the other end of the sampling pump is connected with the waste sample emptying port;

the first gas flow controller is connected with the 2 end of the sample injection valve and used for inputting a first path of carrier gas, and the second gas flow controller is connected with the 5 end of the sample injection valve and used for inputting a second path of carrier gas;

two ends of the first enricher are respectively connected with the 1 end and the 8 end of the sample injection valve;

one end of the first chromatographic column is connected with the 7 end of the sample injection valve, the other end of the first chromatographic column is connected with the inlet end of the detector, the second chromatographic column is connected with the 3 end of the sample injection valve, and the other end of the first chromatographic column is connected with the inlet end of the detector; the outlet end of the detector is connected with a chromatographic workstation.

4. A cancer detection system based on micro gas chromatography is characterized by comprising a waste sample emptying port, a first enricher, a first micro gas chromatography column, a second micro gas chromatography column, a first path of carrier gas, a second path of carrier gas, a first path of detector, a second path of detector, a breathing gas preprocessor, a first gas flow controller, a second gas flow controller, a sample injection valve and a sampling pump;

wherein, a respiratory gas outlet of the respiratory gas preprocessor is connected with the 9 ends of the sample injection valves;

one end of the sampling pump is connected with the 10 end of the sample injection valve, and the other end of the sampling pump is connected with the waste sample emptying port;

the first gas flow controller is connected with the 2 end of the sample injection valve and used for inputting a first path of carrier gas, and the second gas flow controller is connected with the 5 end of the sample injection valve and used for inputting a second path of carrier gas;

two ends of the first enricher are respectively connected with the 1 end and the 8 end of the sample injection valve;

one end of the first chromatographic column is connected with the 7 end of the sample injection valve, the other end of the first chromatographic column is connected with the inlet end of the first path of detector, the second chromatographic column is connected with the 3 end of the sample injection valve, and the other end of the second chromatographic column is connected with the inlet end of the second path of detector; the outlet end of the detector is connected with a chromatographic workstation.

5. The cancer detection system of any one of claims 1-4, comprising a breathing gas pre-processor chamber, a desiccant, a Nafion tube, and a filter membrane; wherein, breathing gas preprocessor cavity both sides are equipped with into inlet and breathing gas outlet, and filtration membrane, Nafion pipe and drier set gradually in the cavity along the gas entering direction.

6. The cancer detection system of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the detector is one or a combination of a photoionization detector, a surface acoustic wave detector, a MEMS gas sensor, and an ion mobility spectrometry sensor.

7. The cancer detection system of any of claims 1-4, wherein the first carrier gas and the second carrier gas are derived in two paths from one input port.

8. The cancer detection system of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the first and second carrier gases are separately input from respective input ports.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a cancer detection system based on micro gas chromatography.

Background

Ancient greek doctors have known that the smell of human respiratory gas can be used for disease diagnosis, the respiratory smell of diabetics has foul smell due to the fact that acetone is contained, and the respiratory gas has urine smell which indicates that the kidney is sick. Respiratory gases of lung abscess patients have a smell of sewer, which is a smell generated due to the proliferation of anaerobic bacteria. The gas exhaled by the patient with liver disease has the smell of rotten shrimps with smelly fish. Since these molecules are derived from endogenous and exogenous substances, a detailed analysis of the composition of these substances can provide characteristics of the various physiological processes occurring in vivo (i.e., the respiratory spectrum), as well as pathways for the uptake and absorption of the substances. If the acquired and analyzed breathing spectrum is correct, a current state of health and possible future consequences are provided.

Therefore, the test of the human breathing gas is a nondestructive test, the health state can be evaluated, the disease type can be detected, and the detection of the breathing gas can be carried out by using a simple analysis instrument. The greatest advantages of breath test over other general medical tests are non-invasive and safe, and due to its great advantages in clinical diagnosis and clear assessment, breath test is today greatly valued and becomes a necessary test item for some patients to control important indexes every day (like blood sugar and urine test).

In order to improve portability and universality, a high-sensitivity sensor integration mode is mostly adopted internationally to realize respiratory gas detection at present, but the multi-sensor integration mode has poor detection result accuracy because the sensors do not have high selectivity and mutual interference of gas components is the biggest technical bottleneck of the multi-sensor integration mode.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention provides a cancer detection method and system based on micro gas chromatography, which can realize interference-free high-sensitivity detection of all gas molecules in respiratory gas with high detection accuracy, aiming at the requirement of respiratory gas for diagnosing serious diseases.

In order to achieve the purpose, the cancer detection system based on the micro gas chromatography is characterized by comprising a waste sample emptying port, a first enricher, a second enricher, a first micro gas chromatography column, a second micro gas chromatography column, a first path of carrier gas, a second path of carrier gas, a detector, a breathing gas preprocessor, a first gas flow controller, a second gas flow controller, a sample injection valve and a sampling pump, wherein the first path of carrier gas is used for carrying out the first path of carrier gas and the second path of carrier gas;

wherein, the sample injection valve is a ten-way valve and comprises 10 ports, the serial numbers are sequenced according to a clockwise sequence, the 2 end is communicated with the 3 end, the 4 end is communicated with the 5 end, the 6 end is communicated with the 7 end, the 8 end is communicated with the 9 end, and the 10 end is communicated with the 1 end;

a respiratory gas outlet of the respiratory gas preprocessor is connected with the end 1 of the sample injection valve;

one end of the sampling pump is connected with the 2 end of the sample injection valve, and the other end of the sampling pump is connected with the waste sample emptying port;

the first gas flow controller is connected with the 9 end of the sample injection valve and used for inputting a first path of carrier gas, and the second gas flow controller is connected with the 5 end of the sample injection valve and used for inputting a second path of carrier gas;

two ends of the first enrichment device are respectively connected with the 10 end and the 7 end of the sample injection valve, and two ends of the second enrichment device are respectively connected with the 3 end and the 6 end of the sample injection valve;

one end of the first chromatographic column is connected with the 8 end of the sample injection valve, the other end of the first chromatographic column is connected with the inlet end of the detector, the second chromatographic column is connected with the 4 end of the sample injection valve, and the other end of the first chromatographic column is connected with the inlet end of the detector; the outlet end of the detector is connected with a chromatographic workstation.

The device comprises a waste sample emptying port, a first enricher, a second enricher, a first micro gas chromatographic column, a second micro gas chromatographic column, a first path of carrier gas, a second path of carrier gas, a first path of detector, a second path of detector, a breathing gas preprocessor, a first gas flow controller, a second gas flow controller, a sample injection valve and a sampling pump, wherein the first path of carrier gas is used for carrying out enrichment treatment on a waste sample;

wherein, the sample injection valve is a ten-way valve and comprises 10 ports, the serial numbers are sequenced according to a clockwise sequence, the 2 end is communicated with the 3 end, the 4 end is communicated with the 5 end, the 6 end is communicated with the 7 end, the 8 end is communicated with the 9 end, and the 10 end is communicated with the 1 end;

a respiratory gas outlet of the respiratory gas preprocessor is connected with the end 1 of the sample injection valve;

one end of the sampling pump is connected with the 2 end of the sample injection valve, and the other end of the sampling pump is connected with the waste sample emptying port;

the first gas flow controller is connected with the 9 end of the sample injection valve and used for inputting a first path of carrier gas, and the second gas flow controller is connected with the 5 end of the sample injection valve and used for inputting a second path of carrier gas;

two ends of the first enrichment device are respectively connected with the 10 end and the 7 end of the sample injection valve, and two ends of the second enrichment device are respectively connected with the 3 end and the 6 end of the sample injection valve;

one end of the first chromatographic column is connected with the 8 end of the sample injection valve, the other end of the first chromatographic column is connected with the inlet end of the first path of detector, the second chromatographic column is connected with the 4 end of the sample injection valve, and the other end of the second chromatographic column is connected with the inlet end of the second path of detector; the outlet ends of the two detectors are connected with a chromatographic workstation.

The device comprises a waste sample emptying port, a first enricher, a first micro gas chromatographic column, a second micro gas chromatographic column, a first path of carrier gas, a second path of carrier gas, a detector, a breathing gas preprocessor, a first gas flow controller, a second gas flow controller, a sample injection valve and a sampling pump;

wherein, a respiratory gas outlet of the respiratory gas preprocessor is connected with the 9 ends of the sample injection valves;

one end of the sampling pump is connected with the 10 end of the sample injection valve, and the other end of the sampling pump is connected with the waste sample emptying port;

the first gas flow controller is connected with the 2 end of the sample injection valve and used for inputting a first path of carrier gas, and the second gas flow controller is connected with the 5 end of the sample injection valve and used for inputting a second path of carrier gas;

two ends of the first enricher are respectively connected with the 1 end and the 8 end of the sample injection valve;

one end of the first chromatographic column is connected with the 7 end of the sample injection valve, the other end of the first chromatographic column is connected with the inlet end of the detector, the second chromatographic column is connected with the 3 end of the sample injection valve, and the other end of the first chromatographic column is connected with the inlet end of the detector; the outlet end of the detector is connected with a chromatographic workstation.

The device comprises a waste sample emptying port, a first enrichment device, a first micro gas chromatographic column, a second micro gas chromatographic column, a first path of carrier gas, a second path of carrier gas, a first path of detector, a second path of detector, a breathing gas preprocessor, a first gas flow controller, a second gas flow controller, a sample injection valve and a sampling pump, wherein the first enrichment device is connected with the first micro gas chromatographic column;

wherein, a respiratory gas outlet of the respiratory gas preprocessor is connected with the 9 ends of the sample injection valves;

one end of the sampling pump is connected with the 10 end of the sample injection valve, and the other end of the sampling pump is connected with the waste sample emptying port;

the first gas flow controller is connected with the 2 end of the sample injection valve and used for inputting a first path of carrier gas, and the second gas flow controller is connected with the 5 end of the sample injection valve and used for inputting a second path of carrier gas;

two ends of the first enricher are respectively connected with the 1 end and the 8 end of the sample injection valve;

one end of the first chromatographic column is connected with the 7 end of the sample injection valve, the other end of the first chromatographic column is connected with the inlet end of the first path of detector, the second chromatographic column is connected with the 3 end of the sample injection valve, and the other end of the second chromatographic column is connected with the inlet end of the second path of detector; the outlet end of the detector is connected with a chromatographic workstation.

The device comprises a breathing gas preprocessor cavity, a drying agent, a Nafion pipe and a filtering membrane; wherein, breathing gas preprocessor cavity both sides are equipped with into inlet and breathing gas outlet, and filtration membrane, Nafion pipe and drier set gradually in the cavity along the gas entering direction.

The detector is one or a combination of a photoionization detector, a surface acoustic wave detector, an MEMS gas sensor and an ion mobility spectrometry sensor.

Wherein, the first path of carrier gas and the second path of carrier gas are obtained by being input from an input port and divided into two paths.

The first path of carrier gas and the second path of carrier gas are respectively input from the corresponding input ports of the respective paths.

Has the advantages that:

the system integrates a micro gas chromatograph and a high-sensitivity broad-spectrum sensor, is a high-integration portable diagnostic instrument for detecting diseases by breathing gas, only needs the breathing gas of a patient, and belongs to non-invasive detection; the method adopts the combination of the sample injection valve and the double chromatographic columns, not only can improve the capability of processing complex samples (more types of separable components and wider range), but also adopts the method of the micro chromatographic columns to develop the detection of cancers, and the method not only can accurately detect the accurate content of each component of respiratory gas, solves the technical bottleneck that the self anti-interference capability of the sensor is weak, but also can improve the portability of the detector and is suitable for the requirement of on-site detection. The method can realize the interference-free high-sensitivity detection of all gas molecules in the respiratory gas, has high detection precision and can improve the analysis speed of complex samples.

The invention adopts a micro enrichment technology, can improve the transient concentration of each component of the respiratory gas and improve the sensitivity of the detector.

The system has wide application range, and can realize the diagnosis of various serious diseases, such as lung cancer, diabetes, nephropathy, liver metabolic diseases and the like, by replacing the stationary phase material of the micro gas chromatography.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the respiratory gas preprocessor of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the micro gas chromatography column 5 and the micro gas chromatography column 6 of the present invention when each is independently connected to a sensor.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a connection for increasing analysis speed according to the present invention.

The method comprises the following steps of 1, a sample inlet, 2, a waste sample emptying port, 3, a first enricher, 4, a second enricher, 5, a first micro gas chromatographic column, 6, a second micro gas chromatographic column, 7, a first path of carrier gas, 8, a second path of carrier gas, 9, a detector, 10, a chromatogram, 11, a breathing gas preprocessor, 12, a first gas flow controller, 13, a second gas flow controller, 14, a sample valve and 15, wherein the sample inlet is connected with the sample pump; 16-drying agent, 17-Nafion tube, 18-first path of carrier gas detector, 19-first path of carrier gas chromatogram, 20-filtering membrane, 21-breathing gas outlet.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The overall structure of the embodiment is shown in fig. 1, and includes a waste sample emptying port 2, a first enricher 3, a second enricher 4, a first micro gas chromatography column 5, a second micro gas chromatography column 6, a first carrier gas 7, a second carrier gas 8, a detector 9, a breathing gas preprocessor 11, a first gas flow controller 12, a second gas flow controller 13, a sample injection valve 14, and a sampling pump 15. The sample injection valve 14 is a ten-way valve and comprises 10 ports, the numbers are sequenced in a clockwise mode, the 2 end is communicated with the 3 end, the 4 end is communicated with the 5 end, the 6 end is communicated with the 7 end, the 8 end is communicated with the 9 end, and the 10 end is communicated with the 1 end.

The respiratory gas preprocessor 11 is used for removing water and food residues in respiratory gas, and is structurally shown in fig. 2 and comprises a respiratory gas preprocessor cavity, a drying agent 16, a Nafion pipe 17 and a filtering membrane 20; wherein, the two sides of the breathing gas preprocessor cavity are provided with a sample inlet 1 and a breathing gas outlet 21, and the filtering membrane 20, the Nafion pipe 17 and the drying agent 16 are sequentially arranged in the cavity along the gas inlet direction; the working principle is as follows: the respiratory gas enters the cavity of the respiratory gas preprocessor from the inlet 1, firstly dust, material residue and partial water vapor in the respiratory gas are filtered by the filter membrane 20 and then enter the Nafion tube 17, the Nafion tube 17 has strong adsorption effect on the water vapor and seeps out of the tube, after the water vapor is adsorbed by the Nafion tube, the water vapor is immediately absorbed by the desiccant 16 outside the Nafion tube and seeps out of the tube, thereby removing the water vapor in the respiratory gas and then enters the inlet valve 14 through the respiratory gas outlet 21.

A respiratory gas outlet 21 of the respiratory gas preprocessor 11 is connected with the end 1 of the sample injection valve 14;

one end of the sampling pump 15 is connected with the end 2 of the sample injection valve 14, and the other end is connected with the waste sample emptying port 2;

the first gas flow controller 12 is connected with the 9 end of the sample injection valve 14 and is used for inputting a first path of carrier gas 7, and the second gas flow controller 13 is connected with the 5 end of the sample injection valve 14 and is used for inputting a second path of carrier gas 8;

two ends of the first enricher 3 are respectively connected with the 10 end and the 7 end of the sampling valve 14, and two ends of the second enricher 4 are respectively connected with the 3 end and the 6 end of the sampling valve 14;

one end of the first chromatographic column 5 is connected with the 8 end of the sample injection valve 14, the other end is connected with the inlet end of the detector 9, the second chromatographic column 6 is connected with the 4 end of the sample injection valve 14, and the other end is connected with the inlet end of the detector 9. The outlet end of the detector 9 is connected with a chromatographic workstation, and the chromatographic workstation receives the detector signal and outputs a chromatogram 10.

The working process of the invention is as follows:

respiratory gas sample introduction state: as shown in figure 1, the respiratory gas is processed by a respiratory gas preprocessor 11 from a sample inlet 1, enters a first concentrator through ends 1 and 10 of a sample inlet valve 14 for enrichment 3, then enters a second concentrator 4 through ends 7 and 6 of the sample inlet valve 14, then passes through ends 3 and 2 of the sample inlet valve 14, all components in the respiratory gas are fully adsorbed by enrichment materials in the first concentrator 3 and the second concentrator 4 and reach saturation, the rest respiratory gas components are discharged from a waste sample exhaust port 2, and sufficient samples are stored in the first concentrator 3 and the second concentrator 4. At this time, the first path of carrier gas 7 flows through the ends 9 and 8 of the injection valve 14, flows through the first micro chromatographic column 5, enters the detector 9, and the second path of carrier gas 8 flows through the ends 5 and 4 of the injection valve 14, flows through the second micro chromatographic column 6, enters the detector 9, and because the two paths do not contain samples, no output signal exists in the detector 9.

Respiratory gas analysis state: after sample injection, the first concentrator 3 and the second concentrator 4 are heated. The gas component adsorbed in the enrichment material is desorbed while the sample injection valve 14 is switched and the system is in an analysis state. At the moment, the first path of carrier gas 7 pushes the sample in the first concentrator 3 into the first micro chromatographic column 5 through the ends 9 and 10 of the injection valve 14 through the ends 7 and 8 of the injection valve 14, and the sample enters the detector 9 after respiratory gas is fully separated; meanwhile, the second path of carrier gas 8 pushes the sample in the second concentrator 4 through the ends 5 and 6 of the injection valve 14 to the second micro chromatographic column 6 and enters the detector 9 through the ends 3 and 4 of the injection valve 14. Because the stationary phase material filled in the first micro chromatographic column 5 and the length thereof are different from those of the second micro chromatographic column 6, the components of the two separated samples enter the detector 9 without component overlapping phenomenon, and if the component overlapping phenomenon exists, the length of the first micro chromatographic column 5 or the second micro chromatographic column 6 can be adjusted. Thus, a full spectrum of the respiratory gas is obtained, and then the component types and contents can be analyzed by analyzing the retention time and peak area of each component.

The first enricher and the second enricher enrich the breathing gas, and the principle is that enrichment materials are filled in the enrichers, in the sample feeding process, the enrichment materials can adsorb a large amount of target gas, and when the enrichment materials reach an analysis state, the adsorbed gas is released by heating, so that the transient concentration of the target gas component is improved;

the enrichment materials in the first concentrator and the second concentrator are selected according to analysis of a target gas, wherein the enrichment materials in the first concentrator are selected according to the target gas separated by the first micro-chromatographic column, and the enrichment materials in the second concentrator are selected according to the target gas separated by the second micro-chromatographic column.

In order to avoid the risk of mixing the separated components again, the first micro-scale gas chromatographic column 5 and the second micro-scale gas chromatographic column 6 can be independently connected with a detector, and the whole system diagram of the structure is shown in fig. 3. One end of the first chromatographic column 5 is connected with the 8 end of the sample injection valve 14, the other end of the first chromatographic column is connected with the inlet end of the first path of carrier gas detector 18, the second chromatographic column 6 is connected with the 4 end of the sample injection valve 14, and the other end of the second chromatographic column is connected with the inlet end of the second path of detector 9. The outlet ends of the two detectors are connected with a chromatographic workstation, and the chromatographic workstation receives the detector signals and outputs two chromatograms.

In addition, the capacity of separating components of the two different chromatographic columns is greatly improved, so that the complex sample processing capacity is improved.

The micro gas chromatographic column has high column efficiency and large sample capacity in unit length, and can realize the separation of more complex samples in shorter length; two different chromatographic columns are sampled, and the advantage is that the components which cannot be separated by the first miniature gas chromatographic column 5 or are separated at a lower speed can be separated by the second miniature gas chromatographic column 6 (different stationary phases are filled, and the column temperature may be higher than that of the first chromatographic column) which can separate the components at a high speed, so that the separation of all components of the respiratory gas is solved, and the analysis speed is improved.

In addition, to increase the speed of analysis, it is also possible to use the connection shown in fig. 4, without the second concentrator 4; the device comprises a waste sample emptying port, a first enricher, a first micro gas chromatographic column, a second micro gas chromatographic column, a first path of carrier gas, a second path of carrier gas, a detector, a breathing gas preprocessor, a first gas flow controller, a second gas flow controller, a sample injection valve and a sampling pump;

the respiratory gas outlet 21 of the respiratory gas preprocessor 11 is connected with the 9 end of the sample injection valve 14;

one end of a sampling pump 15 is connected with the 10 end of the sample injection valve 14, and the other end is connected with the waste sample emptying port 2;

the first gas flow controller 12 is connected with the 2 end of the sample injection valve 14 and is used for inputting a first path of carrier gas 7, and the second gas flow controller 13 is connected with the 5 end of the sample injection valve 14 and is used for inputting a second path of carrier gas 8;

two ends of the first enricher 3 are respectively connected with the 1 end and the 8 end of the sampling valve 14;

one end of the first chromatographic column 5 is connected with the 7 end of the sample injection valve 14, the other end is connected with the inlet end of the detector 9, the second chromatographic column 6 is connected with the 3 end of the sample injection valve 14, and the other end is connected with the inlet end of the detector 9. The outlet end of the detector 9 is connected with a chromatographic workstation, and the chromatographic workstation receives the detector signal and outputs a chromatogram 10.

The working process is as follows:

(1) when the respiratory gas is sampled, the respiratory gas enters the quantitative tube from the end 9 → 8 of the injection valve 14, the redundant sample is exhausted from the end 1 → 10, and at the moment, the carrier gas enters the detector from the end 2 → 3 of the injection valve 14 and passes through the second chromatographic column 6 and outputs a reference signal; (2) switching the sample injection valve 14 to enter an analysis state, wherein the carrier gas pushes the sample in the quantitative tube from the 2 → 1 end of the sample injection valve 14 to enter the first chromatographic column 5 from the 8 → 7 end for separation, one type of gas with high separation speed enters the second chromatographic column 6 from 4 → 3, the other type of gas with low separation speed enters the first chromatographic column 5, and the sample injection valve 14 is switched after all the light gas (the faster part) to be analyzed enters the second chromatographic column 6; (3) at this time, the first path of carrier gas 7 pushes the light gas to be analyzed in the second chromatographic column 6 through the end 2 → 3 to analyze, and inputs the separated components into the detector to output the content of each component, while the second path of carrier gas 8 continuously separates the components which are not completely separated in the first chromatographic column 5 through the end 5 → 4, and then enters the detector again through the end 7 → 6 to output signals, thereby greatly improving the detection speed.

The detector can adopt a single sensor or a combination of multiple sensors, can be a photoionization detector (PID), a surface acoustic wave detector (SAW), an MEMS gas sensor and an Ion Mobility Spectrometry (IMS) sensor, and takes a high-sensitivity sensing component as a selection basis.

Furthermore, the first path of carrier gas and the second path of carrier gas can be input from one input port and obtained by two paths, and can also be input from the corresponding input ports of the respective paths respectively.

In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.