阅读说明：本技术 一种采用高碳烯烃制备高碳醛的方法及其生产装置 (Method for preparing high-carbon aldehyde by adopting high-carbon olefin and production device thereof ) 是由 代玉松 徐启慧 冯建营 赵强 陈锴 王晓光 于 2021-10-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提出一种采用高碳烯烃制备高碳醛的方法及其生产装置,属于高碳醛的制备技术领域。所述采用高碳烯烃制备高碳醛的方法,包括如下步骤：高碳烯烃、氢气与一氧化碳的混合气和催化剂的水溶液在静态混合器内进行混合,混合物料进入微通道反应器进行氢甲酰化反应,得到含有高碳醛的气液混合物；将所述含有高碳醛的气液混合物依次进行冷却、分相,得到含有催化剂的水溶液和含有高碳醛的油相；将含有高碳醛的油相进行萃取,得到高碳醛。采用该方法制备高碳醛生产效率高、催化剂使用少、目标产物的选择性高,且生产成本低。(The invention provides a method for preparing high-carbon aldehyde by using high-carbon olefin and a production device thereof, belonging to the technical field of preparation of high-carbon aldehyde. The method for preparing the high-carbon aldehyde by adopting the high-carbon olefin comprises the following steps: mixing the mixed gas of high-carbon olefin, hydrogen and carbon monoxide and the aqueous solution of the catalyst in a static mixer, and allowing the mixed material to enter a microchannel reactor for hydroformylation reaction to obtain a gas-liquid mixture containing high-carbon aldehyde; sequentially cooling and phase-separating the gas-liquid mixture containing the high-carbon aldehyde to obtain an aqueous solution containing the catalyst and an oil phase containing the high-carbon aldehyde; and extracting the oil phase containing the high-carbon aldehyde to obtain the high-carbon aldehyde. The method for preparing the high-carbon aldehyde has high production efficiency, less catalyst use, high selectivity of target products and low production cost.)

1. A method for preparing high-carbon aldehyde by using high-carbon olefin is characterized by comprising the following steps:

mixing the mixed gas of high-carbon olefin, hydrogen and carbon monoxide and the aqueous solution of the catalyst in a static mixer, and allowing the mixed material to enter a microchannel reactor for hydroformylation reaction to obtain a gas-liquid mixture containing high-carbon aldehyde;

sequentially cooling and phase-separating the gas-liquid mixture containing the high-carbon aldehyde to obtain an aqueous solution containing the catalyst and an oil phase containing the high-carbon aldehyde;

and extracting the oil phase containing the high-carbon aldehyde to obtain the high-carbon aldehyde.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the catalyst is a rhodium-phosphine complex catalyst, and the rhodium content in the aqueous solution of the catalyst is 100mg/L to 300 mg/L.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the hydroformylation reaction is carried out at a temperature of 90 to 130 ℃ and a pressure of 1.0 to 4.0 MPa.

4. The production apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising a static mixer, a microchannel reactor, a cooler, a decanter, and an extraction column;

the discharge hole of the static mixer is connected with the feed inlet of the microchannel reactor through a pipeline; the discharge port of the microchannel reactor is connected with a cooler through a pipeline; the discharge hole of the cooler is connected with the feed inlet of the decanter through a pipeline; the oil phase discharge port of the decanter is connected with the feed inlet of the extraction tower through a pipeline, and the water phase discharge port of the decanter is connected with the feed inlet of the static mixer through a pipeline.

5. The production apparatus according to claim 4, wherein a partition is provided in the middle inside the decanter, and the height of the partition is 2/3.

6. The production device of claim 4, further comprising a preheater connected to the discharge port of the static mixer and the feed port of the microchannel reactor via lines, respectively.

7. The production apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising a condenser connected to the tail gas discharge port of the chromatograph through a line.

8. The production apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising a falling film evaporator; a discharge port at the lower end of the falling-film evaporator is connected with the static mixer through a pipeline; a discharge hole at the upper end of the falling-film evaporator is connected with a side line feed inlet of the extraction tower through a pipeline; the middle feed inlet of the falling-film evaporator is connected with the tower kettle discharge port of the extraction tower through a pipeline, and the top discharge port is connected with the tower top feed inlet of the extraction tower through a pipeline.

9. The production apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the microchannel reactor has a pipe diameter of 3 x 0.5mm and a length of 5m, and the connecting pipe is made of 316L stainless steel.

10. The production device according to claim 4, wherein the static mixer is a cylinder assembled by corrugated plates, and the dispersion degree is 1-2 μm.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of high-carbon aldehyde, and particularly relates to a method for preparing high-carbon aldehyde by using high-carbon olefin and a production device thereof.

Background

At present, hydroformylation is often adopted in industry to prepare high-carbon aldehyde, and most reactors for preparing high-carbon aldehyde by hydroformylation are kettle type reactors or tower type reactors with stirring. These reactors all belong to the back-mixed type. The reaction raw materials of carbon monoxide and hydrogen are gas phase, the olefin is liquid phase, and the catalyst is dissolved in water and is liquid phase. The solubility of olefin, carbon monoxide and hydrogen in water is very low, and the materials can be mixed only by bubbling gas in a back-mixing reactor by stirring. But because of the limitation of stirring speed, the dispersion of gas in the catalyst aqueous solution is influenced, the mass transfer effect is influenced, and the method is more prominent particularly after the scale is large and the size of the reaction kettle is increased.

The patent CN102649718A discloses a rotary packed bed hypergravity high-efficiency reactor, which can improve the mass transfer efficiency by geometric order of magnitude, further greatly improve the hydroformylation reaction rate of C2-C8 olefin, and simultaneously, because the retention time is greatly shortened, the selectivity is effectively improved. However, the reactor has a complicated internal structure, and is easy to damage equipment when operated under high pressure, so that the equipment has short service life and high maintenance cost, and the normal operation of production is often influenced. Patent CN111153782A discloses a series connection of a fiber membrane reactor and a stirred tank reactor, which can greatly improve mass transfer efficiency, and has high olefin conversion rate and high selectivity of target products, but has large equipment scale, and high one-time investment ratio of catalyst, so that the production cost is greatly increased.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a method for preparing high-carbon aldehyde by adopting high-carbon olefin and a production device thereof, which have the advantages of high production efficiency, less catalyst use, high selectivity of target products and low production cost.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for preparing a higher aldehyde using a higher olefin, comprising the steps of:

mixing the mixed gas of high-carbon olefin, hydrogen and carbon monoxide and the aqueous solution of the catalyst in a static mixer, and allowing the mixed material to enter a microchannel reactor for hydroformylation reaction to obtain a gas-liquid mixture containing high-carbon aldehyde;

sequentially cooling and phase-separating the gas-liquid mixture containing the high-carbon aldehyde to obtain an aqueous solution containing the catalyst and an oil phase containing the high-carbon aldehyde;

and extracting the oil phase containing the high-carbon aldehyde to obtain the high-carbon aldehyde.

Preferably, the catalyst is a rhodium-phosphine complex catalyst, and the rhodium content in the aqueous solution of the catalyst is 100 mg/L-300 mg/L.

Preferably, the temperature of the hydroformylation reaction is 90-130 ℃, and the pressure is 1.0-4.0 MPa.

The invention provides a production device of the method in any scheme, which comprises a static mixer, a micro-channel reactor, a cooler, a layer analyzer and an extraction tower;

the discharge hole of the static mixer is connected with the feed inlet of the microchannel reactor through a pipeline; the discharge port of the microchannel reactor is connected with a cooler through a pipeline; the discharge hole of the cooler is connected with the feed inlet of the decanter through a pipeline; the oil phase discharge port of the decanter is connected with the feed inlet of the extraction tower through a pipeline, and the water phase discharge port of the decanter is connected with the feed inlet of the static mixer through a pipeline.

Preferably, a partition is arranged in the middle of the inside of the chromatographic device, and the height of the partition is 2/3 of the height of the chromatographic device.

Preferably, the device further comprises a preheater which is respectively connected with the discharge port of the static mixer and the feed port of the microchannel reactor through pipelines.

Preferably, the device further comprises a condenser, and the condenser is connected with the tail gas discharge port of the chromatograph through a pipeline.

Preferably, the system also comprises a falling film evaporator; a discharge port at the lower end of the falling-film evaporator is connected with the static mixer through a pipeline; a discharge hole at the upper end of the falling-film evaporator is connected with a side line feed inlet of the extraction tower through a pipeline; the middle feed inlet of the falling-film evaporator is connected with the tower kettle discharge port of the extraction tower through a pipeline, and the top discharge port is connected with the tower top feed inlet of the extraction tower through a pipeline.

Preferably, the diameter of the pipeline of the microchannel reactor is phi 3 x 0.5mm, the length of the pipeline is 5m, and the pipeline is made of 316L stainless steel.

Preferably, the static mixer is a cylinder assembled by corrugated plates, and the dispersion degree reaches 1-2 μm.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:

the invention provides a method for preparing high carbon aldehyde by using high carbon olefin, which mixes the high carbon olefin, mixed gas of hydrogen and carbon monoxide and aqueous solution of catalyst by a static mixer, then the gas phase and the liquid phase enter a microchannel reactor, the gas phase and the liquid phase can be fully contacted, thus the reaction efficiency is improved, and the catalyst consumption is less. Meanwhile, the reaction residence time is greatly shortened, and the product selectivity is effectively improved. And after the gas-liquid mixture containing the high-carbon aldehyde is sequentially cooled and subjected to phase separation, the obtained aqueous solution containing the catalyst can be recycled, and the using amount of the catalyst is further reduced.

Furthermore, the invention provides a production device of the method, which has the advantages of small volume, low cost, convenient operation and control and suitability for continuous production.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a production apparatus for producing a high-carbon aldehyde according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the chromatography device of the present invention;

wherein 1-high carbon olefin, 2-mixed gas of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, 3-aqueous solution of catalyst, A-static mixer, B-preheater, C-microchannel reactor, D-condenser, E-layer analyzer, E1-clapboard, F-extraction tower, G-falling film evaporator, H-catalyst circulating pump, I-water washing concentration pump, J-cooler and K-valve.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The invention provides a method for preparing high-carbon aldehyde by adopting high-carbon olefin, which comprises the following steps:

mixing the mixed gas of high-carbon olefin, hydrogen and carbon monoxide and the aqueous solution of the catalyst in a static mixer, and allowing the mixed material to enter a microchannel reactor for hydroformylation reaction to obtain a gas-liquid mixture containing high-carbon aldehyde;

sequentially cooling and phase-separating the gas-liquid mixture containing the high-carbon aldehyde to obtain an aqueous solution containing the catalyst and an oil phase containing the high-carbon aldehyde;

and extracting the oil phase containing the high-carbon aldehyde to obtain the high-carbon aldehyde.

The invention mixes the high carbon olefin, the mixed gas of hydrogen and carbon monoxide and the water solution of the catalyst in a static mixer, and the mixed material enters a microchannel reactor for hydroformylation reaction to obtain the gas-liquid mixture containing high carbon aldehyde.

In the present invention, the higher olefin is preferably a C3-C12 olefin. In the invention, the catalyst is preferably rhodium-phosphine complex catalyst, and the rhodium content in the aqueous solution of the catalyst is 100 mg/L-300 mg/L. In the present invention, the volume ratio of the higher olefin to the aqueous catalyst solution is preferably 1: 2 to 5. The molar ratio of the higher olefin to carbon monoxide is preferably 1: 0.9 to 1.1. In the invention, the volume ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide in the mixed gas of hydrogen and carbon monoxide is preferably 1.1-1.9: 1, and more preferably 1.2-1.5: 1.

In the invention, the mixed material is preferably subjected to preheating treatment before entering the microchannel reactor; the temperature of the preheating treatment is preferably 80-120 ℃.

In the invention, the temperature of the hydroformylation reaction is preferably 90-130 ℃, and more preferably 100-120 ℃; the pressure is preferably 1.0 to 4.0MPa, more preferably 2.0 to 3.0 MPa. In the invention, the residence time of the high-carbon olefin in the microchannel reactor is preferably 5-15 min.

After the gas-liquid mixture containing the high-carbon aldehyde is obtained, the gas-liquid mixture containing the high-carbon aldehyde is sequentially cooled and subjected to phase separation to obtain an aqueous solution containing the catalyst and an oil phase containing the high-carbon aldehyde. In the invention, the cooling temperature is preferably 60-80 ℃.

After the oil phase containing the high-carbon aldehyde is obtained, the oil phase containing the high-carbon aldehyde is extracted to obtain the high-carbon aldehyde.

According to the invention, after the high-carbon olefin, the synthesis gas and the aqueous solution of the catalyst are mixed by the static mixer, the gas phase and the liquid phase enter the microchannel reactor again, the gas phase and the liquid phase can be fully contacted, so that the reaction efficiency is improved, and the use amount of the catalyst is small. And after the gas-liquid mixture containing the high-carbon aldehyde is subjected to phase separation in sequence, the obtained aqueous solution containing the catalyst can be recycled, and the using amount of the catalyst is further reduced.

The invention also provides a production device of the method in any scheme, which comprises a static mixer, a micro-channel reactor, a cooler, a layer analyzer and an extraction tower;

the discharge hole of the static mixer is connected with the feed inlet of the microchannel reactor through a pipeline; the discharge port of the microchannel reactor is connected with a cooler through a pipeline; the discharge hole of the cooler is connected with the feed inlet of the decanter through a pipeline; the oil phase discharge port of the decanter is connected with the feed inlet of the extraction tower through a pipeline, and the water phase discharge port of the decanter is connected with the feed inlet of the static mixer through a pipeline.

When the device works, mixed gas of high-carbon olefin, hydrogen and carbon monoxide and aqueous solution of a catalyst enter a static mixer to be mixed, mixed gas-liquid two phases enter a microchannel reactor to carry out hydroformylation reaction, and gas-liquid mixture containing high-carbon aldehyde obtained by the reaction enters a cooler to be cooled and then enters a chromatograph to carry out phase separation to obtain aqueous solution containing the catalyst and oil phase containing the high-carbon aldehyde; and (3) introducing the oil phase containing the high carbon aldehyde into an extraction tower for extraction to obtain the high carbon aldehyde, and introducing the aqueous solution of the catalyst into a static mixer again to be mixed with the mixed gas of the high carbon olefin, the hydrogen and the carbon monoxide.

In the invention, the diameter phi of the pipeline of the microchannel reactor is preferably 3 x 0.5mm, the length of the pipeline is 5m, and the material of the connecting pipeline is preferably 316L stainless steel; the static mixer is preferably a cylinder formed by assembling corrugated plates, and the dispersion degree reaches 1-2 mu m. In the invention, the structure is suitable for the enhanced heat transfer process of gas-liquid mixed reaction, and by utilizing the reaction mode, the mass transfer efficiency can be improved, the reaction rate of olefin hydroformylation is greatly improved, and meanwhile, the reaction residence time is greatly shortened, and the product selectivity is effectively improved.

In the present invention, a partition is provided in the middle of the inside of the chromatography, and the height of the partition is 2/3. The invention arranges a clapboard in the chromatograph, the water-oil mixture from the micro-channel reactor is kept still in the chromatograph for phase separation, the water phase is below, the oil phase is above, and when the liquid level of the oil phase rises above the clapboard, the oil phase flows to the right side of the phase separator, thus achieving the purpose of water-oil separation.

In the invention, in order to rapidly and sufficiently heat the mixed material, the device preferably further comprises a preheater which is respectively connected with the discharge port of the static mixer and the feed port of the microchannel reactor through pipelines.

In the present invention, in order to rapidly recycle the off-gas and facilitate the recycling treatment, it is preferable to further include a condenser connected to the off-gas discharge port of the chromatograph through a pipeline. In the present invention, the condenser is preferably connected to a tail gas treatment system so as to receive and treat unreacted tail gas.

In the present invention, the extraction column is preferably packed with packing; the filler is preferably a glass spring filler. In the present invention, the filler can make the water phase and the oil phase fully contact, and a small amount of catalyst water phase carried in the product aldehyde is washed away by water.

In the present invention, it is preferable to further include a falling film evaporator; a discharge port at the lower end of the falling-film evaporator is connected with the static mixer through a pipeline; a discharge hole at the upper end of the falling-film evaporator is connected with a side line feed inlet of the extraction tower through a pipeline; the middle feed inlet of the falling-film evaporator is connected with the tower kettle discharge port of the extraction tower through a pipeline, and the top discharge port is connected with the tower top feed inlet of the extraction tower through a pipeline. In the present invention, it is preferable to provide valves on the line connecting the extraction column and the falling film evaporator and on the circulation line of the extraction column. In the invention, after chromatographic phase separation, a small amount of catalyst is carried into the extraction tower, after extraction is finished, the small amount of catalyst is dissolved in water in the extraction tower, when the content of the catalyst in the water is less, a valve on a circulating pipeline of the extraction tower is opened, and the water returns to the extraction tower; when the catalyst content in the water in the extraction tower is relatively high after multiple extractions, a valve on a pipeline connecting the extraction tower and the falling-film evaporator is opened, a water phase mixed with a small amount of catalyst in the extraction tower flows into the falling-film evaporator through the pipeline, most of water in the water solution of the catalyst in the extraction tower is removed through the falling-film evaporator, the concentrated catalyst water solution returns to the static mixer, and the evaporated water returns to the extraction tower, so that the cyclic utilization is realized.

In the present invention, it is preferable to provide a catalyst circulation pump on the line connecting the falling film evaporator and the static mixer; preferably, a water washing concentration pump is arranged on a pipeline connecting the tower bottom of the extraction tower and the falling film evaporator.

In order to further illustrate the present invention, the following embodiments are described in detail, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

Preparing 100ml of catalyst aqueous solution with 200mg/L of Rh content (the catalyst is a rhodium-phosphine complex catalyst and is provided by Chengdu Xinhua source), adding the aqueous solution into a decanter, replacing the aqueous solution by nitrogen, starting a catalyst circulating pump, heating a microchannel reactor to 100 ℃ by utilizing external heating, preheating a preheater to 80 ℃, and enabling a material flow 1 to be high-carbon olefin (the high-carbon olefin contains 70% of 1-hexene and 25% of hexane); stream 2 is hydrogen by volume: carbon monoxide 1.1: 1 (calculated by 1-hexene, the molar ratio of carbon monoxide to 1-hexene is 1.05: 1), 1-hexene, the mixed gas and the aqueous solution of a catalyst are uniformly mixed in a static mixer, the mixture enters a preheater for preheating, hydroformylation reaction is carried out in a microchannel reactor, the temperature in the reactor is controlled to be 110 ℃, the pressure of the microchannel reactor is controlled by a backpressure valve on a chromatographic device and is set to be 2.0Mpa, a gas-liquid mixture containing high-carbon aldehyde is cooled and then enters a phase separation device, unreacted mixed gas enters a tail gas recovery device after being condensed by a condenser, crude aldehyde and unreacted olefin carried by gas return to the phase separation device, an oil-water two-phase standing and layering are carried out, a water-phase catalyst is pumped into a reaction system by a catalyst circulating pump for continuous reaction, an oil phase enters an extraction tower for fully contacting with water to remove the catalyst, and the crude aldehyde is refined, and the concentrated aqueous phase enters a falling film evaporator to remove water and recover the catalyst, the distilled water is supplemented to an extraction tower system, and the concentrated catalyst is supplemented to a reaction system, so that the catalyst aqueous phase can be recycled.

The residence time of the olefin in the microchannel reactor is controlled to be 5min, and the flow ratio of the catalyst aqueous phase to the olefin is controlled to be 3: 1 to 5:1, the conversion of the reaction was 80% and the selectivity 98%.

Example 2

Preparing 100ml of catalyst aqueous solution with 200mg/L of Rh content (the catalyst is rhodium-phosphine complex catalyst provided by Chengduxinhua source), adding the catalyst aqueous solution into a decanter, replacing nitrogen, starting a catalyst circulating pump, heating a microchannel reactor to 120 ℃ by using external heating, preheating a preheater to 100 ℃, and enabling a material flow 1 to be high-carbon olefin (the high-carbon olefin contains 70% of 1-nonene and 25% of nonane); stream 2 is hydrogen by volume: carbon monoxide 1.9:1, the molar ratio of carbon monoxide to 1-nonene is 1.05: 1, 1-nonene, mixed gas and an aqueous solution of a rhodium-phosphine catalyst are uniformly mixed in a static mixer, enter a preheater for preheating, then carry out hydroformylation reaction in a microchannel reactor, control the temperature in the reactor to be stable at 120 ℃, control the pressure of the microchannel reactor to be controlled by a backpressure valve on a chromatograph, set at 2.0MPa, cool a gas-liquid mixture containing high-carbon aldehyde and then enter a chromatograph for phase separation, condensing unreacted mixed gas through a condenser and then enter a tail gas for recovery, refluxing crude aldehyde and unreacted olefin carried by the gas into the chromatograph, standing and layering an oil-water two phase, pumping a water phase catalyst into a reaction system through a catalyst circulating pump for continuous reaction, enabling an oil phase to enter an extraction tower to be fully contacted with water for removing an auxiliary agent, removing the crude aldehyde, refining the concentrated water phase, entering a falling film evaporator for removing the water and recovering the catalyst, and adding the distilled water into an extraction tower system, the concentrated catalyst is added into the reaction system, so that the catalyst water phase can be recycled.

The residence time of the olefin in the microchannel reactor is controlled to be 15min, and the flow ratio of the catalyst water phase to the olefin is controlled to be 3: 1 to 5:1, the conversion of the reaction was 80% and the selectivity was 96%.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.