Novel coumarin dimer and preparation method and application thereof
阅读说明：本技术 一种新的香豆素二聚体及其制备方法与应用 (Novel coumarin dimer and preparation method and application thereof ) 是由 陈海峰 张云武 姚新生 田文静 张弦 王光辉 林挺 叶贤胜 于 2021-08-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种新的香豆素二聚体及其制备方法与应用,涉及医药技术领域,采用桑科榕属植物五指毛桃的干燥根茎,经过粉碎、溶剂提取、大孔吸附树脂柱层析、硅胶柱层析、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱层析、制备液相分离等步骤获得一种新的香豆素二聚体。药理活性显示该化合物对Aβ-(25-35)损伤的SH-SY5Y细胞具有保护作用；Western boltting结果显示该化合物能下调阿尔兹海默症信号通路上相关蛋白Appoptosin和Aβ的表达。该化合物具有一定的神经保护作用和抗阿尔兹海默症活性,对抗阿尔兹海默症药物开发具有重要意义。(A new coumarin dimer and a preparation method and application thereof relate to the technical field of medicine, and the new coumarin dimer is obtained by adopting dried rhizome of Ficus hirta of Moraceae, and carrying out crushing, solvent extraction, macroporous adsorption resin column chromatography, silica gel column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 gel column chromatography, preparation liquid phase separation and other steps. The pharmacological activity shows that the compound is used for treating A beta 25‑35 Damaged SH-SY5Y cells have a protective effect; the Western felting result shows that the compound can down regulate the expression of related proteins Apptosin and Abeta on the signal path of the Alzheimer disease. The compound has certain neuroprotective effect and anti-Alzheimer's disease activity, and has important significance in developing anti-Alzheimer's disease drugs.)
1. A process for preparing a novel coumarin dimer, characterized by comprising the steps of:
1) crushing roots and stems of hispid fig, adding 8-15 times of solvent for reflux extraction for a plurality of times, combining extracting solutions, filtering, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain a concentrated solution;
2) suspending the concentrate obtained in the step 1) with water, then carrying out macroporous adsorption resin column chromatography, then selecting a solvent for gradient elution, collecting eluent, and carrying out reduced pressure concentration to obtain a concentrated solution containing coumarin dimer;
3) carrying out silica gel column chromatography separation on the concentrated solution obtained in the step 2), and eluting by using an organic solvent to obtain 5-10 fractions;
4) subjecting the fraction containing the coumarin dimer obtained in the step 3) to ODS column chromatography, and performing gradient elution with methanol-water to obtain 5-10 fractions;
5) and (3) carrying out HPLC high performance liquid chromatography on the fraction containing the coumarin dimer obtained in the step 4) to prepare and separate the new coumarin dimer.
2. The method for preparing a novel coumarin dimer according to claim 1, wherein in step 1), when the solvent is a mixture of water and ethanol, the ethanol concentration after mixing is 10% to 95%.
3. The method for preparing the novel coumarin dimer according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the reflux extraction is performed for 2-4 times, and the extraction time is 1-3 h; the extraction temperature is the boiling temperature of the extraction solvent.
4. The method for preparing a novel coumarin dimer according to claim 1, wherein in step 2), the solvent is ethanol-water, and the volume ratio of the mixed mobile phase is 0: 100, 30: 70, 40: 60, 60: 40, 95: 5.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein in step 3), the organic solvent is a mixture of cyclohexane-ethyl acetate, petroleum ether-ethyl acetate, and dichloromethane-methanol, and the volume ratio of the mixed mobile phase is 100: 0, 95: 5, 9: 1, 8: 2, 7: 3, 6: 4, 1: 1.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein in step 4), the methanol-water volume ratio is 5: 95, 1: 9, 2: 8, 3: 7, 4: 6, 1:1, 6: 4, 7: 3, 8: 2, 9: 1, 100: 0.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step 5), said HPLC-HPLC uses Lonicera fragrantissima semi-preparative ODS column (5 μm, 250X 20mm, 40% ACN/H)2O，4.0mL/min)。
8. A novel coumarin dimer, which is characterized by being prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1-7 and named as ficodimer A, and the chemical structure of the coumarin dimer is as follows:
9. the use of a novel coumarin dimer according to claim 8 in the preparation of an anti-alzheimer's disease medicament.
10. The coumarin dimer as claimed in claim 8, wherein the drug is a monomer or derivative thereof.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medicines, in particular to a novel coumarin dimer preparation and application thereof in preparation of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) medicines.
Background
Alzheimer's Disease (AD), also known as senile dementia, is a neurodegenerative disease, and is clinically mainly manifested by memory function decline, gradual cognitive function loss, and hypofunction of daily behavior (Reitz C, Brayne C, Mayeux R.. Nature Reviews Neurology,2011,7(3): 137-. The pathological features of AD are mainly represented by senile plaques formed by the accumulation of amyloid protein (amyloid beta, Abeta) outside brain nerve cells and neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) formed by abnormal phosphorylation of Tau protein inside cells (Goedert M. science,2015,6248(349): 1255555; Reiss A B, Arain H A, Stecker M, et al. reviews in the neuroens, 2018.29(6): 613-. Apptosin is a newly discovered novel pro-apoptotic protein that interacts with APP, and plays a very important role as an important factor between amyloid beta and Tau proteins in the treatment of AD (Zhang H, Zhang Y W, Chen Y M, et al. journal of Neuroscience,2012,32(44):15565 15576).
Ficus hirta (Ficus hirta) is a Ficus plant of Moraceae, compounds separated from the plant at present mainly comprise flavonoids, coumarins, lignins, triterpenes, steroids and the like, and almost no report about coumarin dimers exists; in addition, the anti-Alzheimer's disease activity of the plant is mainly reported in terms of a crude extract, and no report is found about the anti-Alzheimer's disease activity study of coumarin dimer. The compounds with the effect of resisting Alzheimer disease are found from hispid fig, and the compounds are of great significance when being developed into the medicines for resisting Alzheimer disease candidates.
Disclosure of Invention
The first object of the present invention is to provide a novel coumarin dimer (ficodimer a).
The second object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a novel coumarin dimer (concidimer a).
The third purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the novel coumarin dimer (ficudimer A) in preparing the anti-Alzheimer disease drug.
The novel coumarin dimer is named as ficodimer A, and the chemical structure of the novel coumarin dimer is shown as follows:
the preparation method of the novel coumarin dimer comprises the following steps:
1) crushing roots and stems of hispid fig, adding 8-15 times of solvent for reflux extraction for a plurality of times, combining extracting solutions, filtering, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain a concentrated solution;
2) suspending the concentrate obtained in the step 1) with water, then carrying out macroporous adsorption resin column chromatography, then selecting a solvent for gradient elution, collecting eluent, and carrying out reduced pressure concentration to obtain a concentrated solution containing coumarin dimer;
3) carrying out silica gel column chromatography separation on the concentrated solution obtained in the step 2), and eluting by using an organic solvent to obtain 5-10 fractions;
4) subjecting the fraction containing the coumarin dimer obtained in the step 3) to ODS column chromatography, and performing gradient elution with methanol-water to obtain 5-10 fractions;
5) and (3) carrying out preparative separation on the fraction containing the coumarin dimer obtained in the step 4) by HPLC high performance liquid chromatography to obtain the compound.
In the step 1), the solvent can adopt a mixture of water and ethanol, and the concentration of the mixed ethanol can be 10-95%; the reflux extraction frequency can be 2-4 times, and the extraction time can be 1-3 h each time; the extraction temperature may be the boiling temperature of the extraction solvent.
In step 2), the solvent may be ethanol-water, and the volume ratio of the mixed mobile phase may be 0: 100, 30: 70, 40: 60, 60: 40, 95: 5.
In step 3), the organic solvent may be a mixture of cyclohexane-ethyl acetate, petroleum ether-ethyl acetate and dichloromethane-methanol, wherein the volume ratio of the mixed mobile phase is 100: 0, 95: 5, 9: 1, 8: 2, 7: 3, 6: 4 and 1: 1.
In step 4), the methanol-water volume ratio may be 5: 95, 1: 9, 2: 8, 3: 7, 4: 6, 1:1, 6: 4, 7: 3, 8: 2, 9: 1, 100: 0.
In step 5), the HPLC can use Lonicera fragrantissima semi-preparative ODS column (5 μm, 250X 20mm, 40% ACN/H)2O，4.0mL/min)。
The novel coumarin dimer has a protective effect on a nerve cell SH-SY5Y, can influence the expression of related proteins on an Alzheimer's disease signal pathway, and can be applied to preparation of anti-Alzheimer's disease candidate drugs. The novel coumarin dimer can be used as a medicine, and the medicine composition can be a monomer or a derivative thereof.
The novel coumarin dimer is prepared from dried roots and stems of Ficus hirta of Moraceae, by steps of crushing, solvent extraction, macroporous adsorption resin column chromatography, silica gel column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 gel column chromatography, preparation of liquid phase separation and the like. Pharmacological activity shows that novel coumarin dimer is used for treating Abeta25-35Damaged SH-SY5Y cells have a protective effect; the Western blotting result shows that the new coumarin dimer can down regulate the expression of related proteins Apptosin and Abeta on the signal path of Alzheimer disease. The novel coumarin dimer has certain neuroprotective effect and anti-Alzheimer's disease activity, and has important significance in developing anti-Alzheimer's disease drugs.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is the effect of compound on SH-SY5Y cell proliferation at a concentration of 20 μ M.
Figure 2 is the effect of compound on the expression of apptosin and Α β in N2a695 cells at a concentration of 20 μ Μ.
Detailed Description
The following examples will further illustrate the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1: preparation and structure identification of the novel coumarin dimer
1. Preparation of the compound:
1) pulverizing rhizome of Ficus Simplicissima lour, adding 8 times of 10% ethanol solvent, reflux-extracting for 4 times (each time for 1 hr), mixing extractive solutions, filtering, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain concentrated solution.
2) Suspending the concentrate obtained in step 1) with water, performing macroporous adsorbent resin column chromatography, gradient eluting with ethanol-water (0: 100, 30: 70, 95: 5), collecting eluate, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain concentrated solution containing coumarin dimer.
3) Separating concentrated solution containing coumarin dimer by silica gel column chromatography, eluting with dichloromethane-methanol (100: 0, 95: 5, 9: 1, 8: 2, 7: 3) mixed solvent to obtain 5 fractions.
4) Subjecting the fourth fraction obtained in step 3) to ODS column chromatography, and gradient eluting with methanol-water (2: 8, 3: 7, 4: 6, 6: 4, 1: 1) to obtain 5 fractions.
5) And (3) carrying out HPLC high performance liquid chromatography on the fourth fraction obtained in the step 4) to prepare and separate coumarin dimer. The HPLC adopts Lonicera viridissima semi-preparative ODS chromatographic column (5 μm, 250 × 20mm, 40% ACN/H)2O，4.0mL/min)。
2. Structural identification of the compounds:
process for preparing compounds1H NMR and13the C NMR data are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 preparation of compound ficudimer A1H NMR and13c NMR data (DMSO-d)6)
1H NMR(600MHz)；13C NMR(150MHz)
Example 2: preparation of the novel coumarin dimers of the invention
1) Pulverizing rhizome of hispid fig, adding 10 times of 60% ethanol solvent, reflux-extracting for 2 times (each time for 3 hr), mixing extractive solutions, filtering, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain concentrated solution.
2) Suspending the concentrate obtained in step 1) with water, performing macroporous adsorbent resin column chromatography, gradient eluting with ethanol-water (0: 100, 60: 40, 95: 5), collecting eluate, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain concentrated solution containing coumarin dimer.
3) Eluting concentrated solution containing coumarin dimer with mixed solvent of cyclohexane-ethyl acetate (100: 0, 9: 1, 8: 2, 7: 3, 6: 4, 1: 1) by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 6 fractions.
4) Subjecting the third fraction obtained in step 3) to ODS column chromatography, and gradient eluting with methanol-water (2: 8, 4: 6, 1:1, 6: 4, 7: 3) to obtain 5 fractions.
5) And (3) carrying out preparative separation on the fifth fraction obtained in the step 4) by using HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) to obtain the coumarin dimer. The HPLC adopts Lonicera viridissima semi-preparative ODS chromatographic column (5 μm, 250 × 20mm, 40% ACN/H)2O，4.0mL/min)。
Example 3: preparation of the novel coumarin dimers of the invention
Preparation of the compound:
1) pulverizing rhizome of Ficus Simplicissima lour, adding 15 times of 95% ethanol solvent, reflux-extracting for 3 times (each time for 2 hr), mixing extractive solutions, filtering, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain concentrated solution.
2) Suspending the concentrate obtained in step 1) with water, performing macroporous adsorbent resin column chromatography, gradient eluting with ethanol-water (0: 100, 40: 60, 95: 5), collecting eluate, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain concentrated solution containing coumarin dimer.
3) Eluting concentrated solution containing coumarin dimer with silica gel column chromatography, and eluting with petroleum ether-ethyl acetate (100: 0, 95: 5, 8: 2, 7: 3, 6: 4, 1:1, 4: 6, 3: 7, 2: 8, 0: 100) to obtain 10 fractions.
4) Subjecting the fourth fraction obtained in step 3) to ODS column chromatography, and gradient eluting with methanol-water (5: 95, 1: 9, 2: 8, 3: 7, 4: 6, 1:1, 6: 4, 7: 3, 8: 2, 9: 1) to obtain 10 fractions.
5) And (3) carrying out preparative separation on the seventh fraction obtained in the step 4) by using HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) to obtain the coumarin dimer. The HPLC high performance liquid chromatography can adopt Lonicera fragrantissima semi-preparative ODS chromatographic column (5 μm, 250 × 20mm, 40% ACN/H)2O，4.0mL/min)。
Example 4: the novel coumarin dimer has neuroprotective activity and anti-Alzheimer's disease effect
1. Neuroprotective Activity of Compounds
1.1 detection of Compound Paeta Using the MTT method25-35Protective effects of induced SH-SY5Y cell damage
(1) Cell recovery: the frozen human neuroma cells (SH-SY5Y) were thawed rapidly in a 37 ℃ water bath and then placed in a centrifuge for 2min at 1000 rpm. After centrifugation, the cell supernatant was discarded, and the cells were resuspended in fresh DMEM medium (90% DMEM, 10% FBS and 1% double antibody), then seeded into a 10cm dish, mixed well, and placed at 37 ℃ with 5% CO2Culturing in a cell culture box with constant humidity, and replacing the culture medium after culturing for 24 h.
(2) Passage: when the cell density is about 70%, the culture medium is sucked off, the cells are washed for 2 times by sterilized PBS, a proper amount of pancreatin digestive juice is added to digest the cells, and after the cells become round, the culture medium is added to stop the digestion. Repeatedly blowing cells by using a pipette tip, and transferring the cells into a centrifuge tube for centrifugation (1000rpm, 2min) after the cells completely fall off. After centrifugation is finished, cell supernatant is discarded, fresh culture medium is added to resuspend the cells evenly, the cells are inoculated into a new culture dish according to the ratio of 1: 3, and the cells are cultured continuously in a cell culture box.
(2) Plate paving: after the cells are transferred to 2-3 generations, cells in a logarithmic phase are collected, adjusted to a suitable density, added to a 96-well cell culture plate, and each well is provided with 3 multiple wells with 100. mu.L. The cells were cultured in a cell incubator.
(3) Adding medicine and Abeta25-35: after the cells are adherent and stable, the old medium is aspirated. Adding 200 mu L of fresh culture medium into each well of the blank control group; adding 100 μ L of culture medium containing the compound into each well of the administration group; model groups 100. mu.L of medium was added per well. After 2h incubation, the model group was supplemented with 100. mu. L A. beta25-35The final concentration was 20. mu.M, and the compound and 100. mu. L A. beta. were added to the administration group25-35The final concentration of the drug is 20 mu M, Abeta25-35The final concentration was 20. mu.M. Then, the cells were cultured in a cell incubator.
(4) Adding MTT: after 24h of culture, the medium in 96 wells was aspirated, 75. mu.L of a mixed solution of MTT and medium (ratio 1: 4) was added to each well, and the mixture was placed in a cell culture chamber for further culture for 4 h.
(5) Measurement of OD value: after 4h incubation, MTT was discarded from the 96-well plates, then 100. mu.L DMSO was added to each well, placed on a horizontal shaker and shaken at low speed for 10-20min, and finally the absorbance (OD) was measured with a microplate reader (490 nm).
1.2 results of the experiment
The results of the MTT assay (see FIG. 1) show that the compound promotes the proliferation of SH-SY5Y cells at a concentration of 20. mu.M.
2. Western blotting detection of influence of compound on expression of related protein on Alzheimer's disease signal pathway
2.1 Experimental methods
Experimental cells: n2a cells (mouse neuroma blast line), N2a695 cells (human β -amyloid precursor protein APP695 transfected mouse neuroma blast line).
Experimental operation:
(1) cell culture: after the frozen N2a and N2a695 cells were thawed, they were placed in DMEM medium, in which G418 was added at 200. mu.g/mL to a petri dish for culturing N2a695 cells, and they were cultured in a cell culture box at 37 ℃ and constant humidity containing 5% CO2, and the medium was changed after 24 hours of culture. Continuously culturing until the cell density is about 70%, carrying out passage, and transferring to 2-3 generations to obtain cells with stable and good morphology and growth state.
(2) Plate paving and medicine adding: cultured cells were plated at 1X 10 per well6The density of (2) was added to a 6-well plate containing 2mL of a medium, mixed well, and then cultured in a cell incubator. After the cells stabilized adherent, 2mL fresh medium was replaced, with a final concentration of 20 μ M compound and the same volume of DMSO added to N2a695 cells as a control, and with the same volume of DMSO added to N2a cells as a control. Then the culture medium is evenly mixed and then is put into a cell culture box for culture for 10 h.
(3) Cell lysis: the cultured cells were aspirated off the medium, washed twice with pre-cooled 1 × PBS solution, then the 6-well plate was placed on an ice box, and an appropriate amount of RIPA lysate containing protease inhibitor was added to the 6-well plate. The 6-well plate is slightly shaken until the lysate is evenly distributed on the cell surface, the cells are scraped by a cell scraper after being lysed for 2min, then the cells are transferred to a precooled 1.5mL EP tube, placed on an ice box and continuously lysed for 30min, and the cells are shaken for 2s every 10min in a vortex oscillator. Finally, the lysed cells are placed in a precooled 4 ℃ centrifuge and centrifuged at 12000rpm for 10min, and the centrifuged supernatant is taken for standby.
(4) Determination of protein concentration: the centrifuged supernatant was taken and the concentration of the protein sample was determined by BCA method.
(5) Protein gel electrophoresis: the same mass of protein sample was taken, added to 1/4 volumes of 5 xSDS loading buffer (containing 5% beta-mercaptoethanol), placed in a constant temperature metal bath at 100 ℃ for 5min, and centrifuged in a centrifuge to remove the precipitate. Adding equal amount of protein samples into comb holes of the prepared electrophoresis gel plate, wherein the total protein amount of each hole is controlled to be 20-60 mu g, and the volume is not more than 30 mu L. mu.L of protein maker was added to both ends and electrophoresed at 80V. After the sample enters the separation gel, the high voltage can be adjusted to 120V, and electrophoresis is continued until the bromophenol blue band is 1-2 cm away from the bottom of the gel, and the electrophoresis is stopped.
(6) Film transfer: the gel was removed from the gel plate and placed in a pre-cooled electrotransfer solution, and then the same size PVDF membrane (previously treated with methanol for 1min) and filter paper were immersed in the electrotransfer solution. And (3) paving the sponge, the filter paper, the gel, the PVDF membrane, the filter paper and the sponge in sequence with the black side of the electric rotary clamp facing downwards. Removing air bubbles in the electric transfer clip, loading into the electric transfer tank in the order of the membrane facing the positive electrode, and performing electric transfer in the ice box. At the moment, the voltage is controlled to be 90V, the current is controlled to be below 300mA, and the electricity is converted for 60-90 min.
(7) And (3) sealing: the electrotransferred PVDF membrane was placed in TBST buffer containing 5% skimmed milk on a horizontal shaker and blocked at room temperature for 1 h.
(8) Primary anti-reaction: after the PVDF membrane was removed from the blocking solution, the desired protein band was cut, washed 2 times with an appropriate amount of TBST buffer, placed in an antibody incubation cassette, to which the corresponding primary antibodies were added, all diluted with 5% BSA1:1000 (anti-Apptosin and anti-A β). The PVDF membrane was then shaken overnight at 4 ℃ in a shaker.
(9) Secondary antibody reaction: after recovery of the primary antibody, the PVDF membrane was washed 3 times with TBTS buffer on a horizontal shaker for 10min each, and then a secondary antibody (1:5000) was added and incubated at room temperature for 1 h.
(10) ECL chemiluminescence detection: after blotting off the secondary antibody, the PVDF membrane was washed with TBTS buffer on a horizontal shaker for 4 times, 8min each. Placing the PVDF film in a plastic film, and uniformly mixing the solution A and the solution B of the ECL chemiluminescence solution according to a ratio of 1: 1(V/V) for later use. And uniformly coating a proper amount of ECL chemiluminescence mixed solution on the surface of the PVD membrane in a dark room, exposing in the dark room, and adjusting the exposure time according to the strength of the signal. And finally, developing and fixing the film in sequence.
2.2 results of the experiment
The compounds were able to down-regulate the expression of a β and the appatosin protein at a concentration of 20 μ M (see figure 2).
The novel coumarin dimer is prepared from dried roots and stems of Ficus hirta of Moraceae by crushing, solvent extraction, macroporous adsorption resin column chromatography, silica gel column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 gel column chromatography, preparation liquid phase separation and other steps. The pharmacological activity shows that the compound is used for treating A beta25-35Damaged SH-SY5Y cells have a protective effect; the Western felting result shows that the compound can down regulate the expression of related proteins Apptosin and Abeta on the signal path of the Alzheimer disease. The above results suggestThe compound has certain neuroprotective effect and anti-Alzheimer's disease activity, and has important significance in developing anti-Alzheimer's disease drugs.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.