阅读说明：本技术 一种高性能高温铝合金棒料及其制备方法 (High-performance high-temperature aluminum alloy bar and preparation method thereof ) 是由 柴知章 陈姗姗 黄自成 刘洪云 于 2021-09-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种高性能高温铝合金棒料的制备方法,所述制备方法包括：(1)将铝锭先加热至700-750℃,之后加热至800-850℃,使得铝锭熔化；(2)将Al-Cu合金、Al-Ni合金和Al-Fe合金加入熔化后的铝锭,之后加热至800-850℃；(3)降温至700-750℃后加入Mg和Sn并熔化；(4)冷却成型后得到坯体；制得的高性能高温铝合金棒料含有以下质量百分比成分：Cu 1.9～2.7、Fe 0.9～1.3、Mg 1.3～1.8、Ni 0.9～1.2、Si 0.1～0.25、Ti0.04～0.1、杂质0.05～0.15和余量Al。通过对合金成分、加料顺序、处理条件的优化,使得制得高性能高温铝合金棒料晶粒细化、组织均匀,提高了材料的力学性能。(The invention discloses a preparation method of a high-performance high-temperature aluminum alloy bar, which comprises the following steps: (1) heating the aluminum ingot to 700-750 ℃, and then heating to 800-850 ℃ so as to melt the aluminum ingot; (2) adding Al-Cu alloy, Al-Ni alloy and Al-Fe alloy into the melted aluminum ingot, and then heating to 800-850 ℃; (3) cooling to 700-750 ℃, adding Mg and Sn and melting; (4) cooling and forming to obtain a blank; the prepared high-performance high-temperature aluminum alloy bar contains the following components in percentage by mass: 1.9-2.7 parts of Cu, 0.9-1.3 parts of Fe, 1.3-1.8 parts of Mg, 0.9-1.2 parts of Ni, 0.1-0.25 part of Si, 0.04-0.1 part of Ti0.05-0.15 part of impurity and the balance of Al. By optimizing the alloy components, the feeding sequence and the processing conditions, the prepared high-performance high-temperature aluminum alloy bar has refined grains and uniform tissue, and the mechanical property of the material is improved.)

1. A preparation method of a high-performance high-temperature aluminum alloy bar stock is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) heating the aluminum ingot to 700-750 ℃, and then heating to 800-850 ℃ so as to melt the aluminum ingot;

(2) adding Al-Cu alloy, Al-Ni alloy and Al-Fe alloy into the melted aluminum ingot, and then heating to 800-850 ℃;

(3) cooling to 700-750 ℃, adding Mg and Sn and melting;

(4) and cooling and forming to obtain a blank.

2. The production method according to claim 1, wherein after the addition of Mg and Sn, mixed internal impurities are floated and removed by an inert gas from the bottom of the mixture.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the removed impurities comprise oxides, carbides, intermetallics, H₂And Na.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the formed blank is subjected to quenching treatment to obtain an aluminum alloy bar stock.

5. The preparation method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the quenching treatment conditions include a temperature of 162-169 ℃ and a time of 6-10 h.

6. A high-performance high-temperature aluminum alloy bar stock, which is obtained by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The high performance, high temperature aluminum alloy bar as recited in claim 6, wherein the high performance, high temperature aluminum alloy bar comprises the following components in mass percent:

1.9-2.7 parts of Cu, 0.9-1.3 parts of Fe, 1.3-1.8 parts of Mg, 0.9-1.2 parts of Ni, 0.1-0.25 part of Si, 0.04-0.1 part of Ti0.05-0.15 part of impurity and the balance of Al.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of aluminum alloy materials, in particular to a high-performance high-temperature aluminum alloy bar and a preparation method thereof.

Background

2618 high performance aluminum alloy is an aluminum alloy that has sufficient oxidation resistance at high temperatures and resistance to plastic deformation (creep) and failure under high temperatures and loads (dynamic and static) for extended periods of time. The aluminum alloy has the advantages of heat conductivity, light specific gravity and the like, so that the aluminum alloy is widely applied to aviation. Developed countries such as Europe and America use the aluminum alloy as a national strategic base material, and the aluminum alloy is continuously developed and perfected. In recent years, due to the requirement of environmental protection, the small displacement and high power of automobile engines are development trends, and the increase of the turbocharger of the engine is an inevitable choice for automobile manufacturers. The international superchargers are built at home at first, but impeller 2618 aluminum alloy bar materials for producing second-generation turbochargers cannot be supplied at home (the fatigue resistance of the products at home cannot meet the requirement). A forged blank of a turbine supercharger 2618 impeller adopted by a high-performance high-power diesel engine used for a marine diesel locomotive and a railway diesel locomotive also needs to be imported in a large scale (the forged blank is forged by a 2618 round rod with the diameter of 100 and 250 mm). Based on the market situation, the invention is based on a 2618 aluminum alloy round rod produced industrially in batches.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a high-performance high-temperature aluminum alloy bar and a preparation method thereof, and solves the problems that the conventional aluminum alloy bar is easy to deform in a high-temperature environment, and the material is large in crystalline grain, uneven in structure and easy to crack.

In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a preparation method of a high-performance high-temperature aluminum alloy bar stock, which comprises the following steps:

(1) heating the aluminum ingot to 700-750 ℃, and then heating to 800-850 ℃ so as to melt the aluminum ingot;

(2) adding Al-Cu alloy, Al-Ni alloy and Al-Fe alloy into the melted aluminum ingot, and then heating to 800-850 ℃;

(3) cooling to 700-750 ℃, adding Mg and Sn and melting;

(4) and cooling and forming to obtain a blank.

Preferably, after the addition of Mg and Sn, the mixed internal impurities are floated and removed by an inert gas from the bottom of the mixture.

Preferably, the removed impurities include oxides, carbides, intermetallics, H₂And Na.

Preferably, quenching the formed blank to obtain the aluminum alloy bar stock.

Preferably, the quenching treatment conditions comprise a temperature of 162-169 ℃ and a time of 6-10 h.

The invention provides a high-performance high-temperature aluminum alloy bar stock, which is obtained by the preparation method of any one of claims 1-5.

Preferably, the high-performance high-temperature aluminum alloy bar contains the following components in percentage by mass:

1.9-2.7 parts of Cu, 0.9-1.3 parts of Fe, 1.3-1.8 parts of Mg, 0.9-1.2 parts of Ni, 0.1-0.25 part of Si, 0.04-0.1 part of Ti0.05-0.15 part of impurity and the balance of Al.

The invention provides a preparation method of a high-performance high-temperature aluminum alloy bar, which comprises the following steps: (1) heating the aluminum ingot to 700-750 ℃, and then heating to 800-850 ℃ so as to melt the aluminum ingot; (2) adding Al-Cu alloy, Al-Ni alloy and Al-Fe alloy into the melted aluminum ingot, and then heating to 800-850 ℃; (3) cooling to 700-750 ℃, adding Mg and Sn and melting; (4) cooling and forming to obtain a blank; the prepared high-performance high-temperature aluminum alloy bar contains the following components in percentage by mass: 1.9-2.7 parts of Cu, 0.9-1.3 parts of Fe, 1.3-1.8 parts of Mg, 0.9-1.2 parts of Ni, 0.1-0.25 part of Si, 0.04-0.1 part of Ti0.05-0.15 part of impurity and the balance of Al. By optimizing the alloy components, the feeding sequence and the processing conditions, the prepared high-performance high-temperature aluminum alloy bar has refined grains and uniform tissue, and the mechanical property of the material is improved.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a partial microscopic view of an aluminum alloy round bar provided in comparative example 1;

FIG. 2 is a partial microstructure view of an aluminum alloy round bar prepared in example 3;

FIG. 3 is a schematic drawing of the sampling points of the round bars in comparative example 1 and example 3.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.

Example 1

Heating an aluminum ingot to 700 ℃ firstly, and then heating to 800 ℃ so as to melt the aluminum ingot; adding Al-Cu alloy, Al-Ni alloy and Al-Fe alloy into the melted aluminum ingot, and then heating to 800 ℃; cooling to 700 deg.C, adding Mg and Sn, melting, and removing impurities (including oxide, carbide, intermetallic compound, and H) from the mixture by inert gas₂And Na); cooling and forming to obtain a blank; quenching the formed blank to obtain an aluminum alloy bar; the quenching treatment conditions comprise that the temperature is 162 ℃ and the time comprises 6 h.

Example 2

Heating an aluminum ingot to 750 ℃ firstly, and then heating to 850 ℃ so as to melt the aluminum ingot; adding Al-Cu alloy, Al-Ni alloy and Al-Fe alloy into the melted aluminum ingot, and then heating to 850 ℃; cooling to 750 deg.C, adding Mg and Sn, melting, and removing impurities (including oxide, carbide, intermetallic compound, and H) from the mixture by inert gas₂And Na); cooling and forming to obtain a blank; quenching the formed blank to obtain an aluminum alloy bar; the quenching treatment conditions comprise that the temperature is 169 ℃ and the time comprises 10 hours.

Example 3

Heating an aluminum ingot to 720 ℃ firstly, and then heating to 820 ℃ so as to melt the aluminum ingot; adding Al-Cu alloy, Al-Ni alloy and Al-Fe alloy into the melted aluminum ingot, and then heating to 820 ℃; cooling to 720 deg.C, adding Mg and Sn, melting, and removing impurities (including oxide, carbide, intermetallic compound, and H) from the mixture by inert gas₂And Na)(ii) a Cooling and forming to obtain a blank; quenching the formed blank to obtain an aluminum alloy bar; the quenching treatment conditions comprise that the temperature is 165 ℃ and the time comprises 8 hours.

Comparative example 1

Japanese imported aluminum alloy round bars.

TABLE 1

Table 1 shows the composition of the aluminum alloy round bars obtained in comparative example 1 and example 3.

TABLE 2

Table 2 is a comparison of the tensile properties of the aluminum alloy round bars provided in comparative example 1 and example 3.

TABLE 3

Table 3 provides comparative aluminum alloy round bar density data for comparative example 1 and example 3.

TABLE 4

Table 4 compares the hardness data of the aluminum alloy round bars provided in comparative example 1 and example 3 (steel ball with diameter of 10mm, 1000Kg force).

TABLE 5

Table 5 compares the conductivity (IACS) data for the aluminum alloy round bars provided in comparative example 1 and example 3.

From the above data comparison, it can be seen that: (1) in the chemical components of the prepared aluminum alloy round bar, the content of Fe is 1.12%, the content of Ni is 1.06%, the iron-nickel ratio is 1.06: 1; and the Fe content of the imported bar stock is 1.04%, the Ni content is 1.08%, the iron-nickel ratio is 0.96: 1; in contrast, the iron-nickel ratio of the inlet bar stock is closer to 1: 1. (2) compared with the Japanese imported bar, the prepared aluminum alloy round bar has the advantages of equivalent elongation, high tensile strength of 10MPa and reasonable mechanical property. (3) Compared with the Japanese imported bar stock, the prepared aluminum alloy round bar has higher hardness value (+10HBW) and lower conductivity value (-3% IACS). (4) The adding sequence of the casting alloy is improved, the Ni/Fe ratio is determined, the alloy content is controlled, and a relatively excellent metallographic structure is obtained.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are within the protective scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that the various technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction, and the invention is not described in any way for the possible combinations in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.

In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present invention as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present invention.