阅读说明：本技术 一种铸造添加用镁铝铍中间合金的制备方法 (Preparation method of magnesium-aluminum-beryllium intermediate alloy for casting addition ) 是由 王云飞 廖可 毛萍萍 魏娜 邱燕平 吴筱兰 李燕平 甄文斌 李旭勇 陈辉 于 2020-12-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种铸造添加用镁铝铍中间合金的制备方法,首先制备覆盖剂,在预热纯铝、纯镁及金属铍并保持干燥备用,依次预热石墨坩埚至暗红,而后在石墨坩埚加入四分之三预热的纯铝,升温至纯铝熔化后捞渣得铝液,再在铝液上撒一层覆盖剂,并过热至高温；再分批加入预热的金属铍并搅拌,且金属铍不允许浮起；待金属铍全熔融后加入余下的纯铝,在纯铝全熔后再加入预热的纯镁,仔细搅拌均匀得中间液；再在中间液上撒由硫磺与硼酸组成的混合物,同时控制温度得混合液；最后采用六氯乙烷对混合液进行精炼以生成合金液后,静置、捞渣,待温度控制时,浇注成镁铝铍中间合金锭块,有效减少金属元素烧损,从而提高金属元素的收得率。(A preparation method of magnesium-aluminum-beryllium intermediate alloy for casting addition comprises the steps of firstly preparing a covering agent, preheating pure aluminum, pure magnesium and metal beryllium and keeping the pure aluminum, the pure magnesium and the metal beryllium dry for later use, sequentially preheating a graphite crucible to dark red, then adding three-quarter preheated pure aluminum into the graphite crucible, heating until the pure aluminum is molten, fishing out slag to obtain aluminum liquid, then scattering a layer of covering agent on the aluminum liquid, and overheating to high temperature; adding preheated metal beryllium in batches and stirring, wherein the metal beryllium is not allowed to float; adding the rest pure aluminum after the metal beryllium is completely melted, adding preheated pure magnesium after the pure aluminum is completely melted, and carefully and uniformly stirring to obtain intermediate liquid; then spreading a mixture consisting of sulfur and boric acid on the intermediate solution, and controlling the temperature to obtain a mixed solution; and finally, refining the mixed solution by using hexachloroethane to generate alloy liquid, standing, dredging slag, and casting into a magnesium-aluminum-beryllium intermediate alloy ingot block when the temperature is controlled, so that the burning loss of metal elements is effectively reduced, and the yield of the metal elements is improved.)

1. A preparation method of magnesium-aluminum-beryllium intermediate alloy for casting addition is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:

1) firstly, preparing a covering agent, and then storing the covering agent in a drying box;

2) preheating metal elements to be added and keeping the metal elements dry for later use, wherein the metal elements to be added comprise pure aluminum, pure magnesium and metal beryllium;

3) preheating a graphite crucible to dark red, adding pure aluminum preheated in the three-quarter step 2) into the graphite crucible, heating until the pure aluminum is molten, fishing out slag to obtain aluminum liquid, scattering a layer of covering agent prepared in the step 1) on the aluminum liquid, and overheating to high temperature to remove the flux on the surface of the aluminum liquid; then adding the preheated metal beryllium in the step 2) in batches and stirring, wherein the metal beryllium is not allowed to float; adding the rest pure aluminum after the metal beryllium is completely melted, adding the pure magnesium preheated in the step 2) after the pure aluminum is completely melted, and carefully and uniformly stirring to obtain intermediate liquid; then spreading a mixture consisting of sulfur and boric acid on the intermediate solution, and controlling the temperature to obtain a mixed solution;

4) refining the mixed solution formed in the step 3) by using hexachloroethane to generate alloy liquid, standing, dredging slag, and casting into a magnesium-aluminum-beryllium intermediate alloy ingot of less than 10mm after temperature control.

2. The method for preparing the magnesium-aluminum-beryllium master alloy for casting addition according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the covering agent is prepared from materials including barium chloride, potassium chloride and barium fluoride.

3. The preparation method of the magnesium-aluminum-beryllium master alloy for casting addition according to claim 2, wherein the preparation process of the covering agent comprises the following steps: firstly, melting quantitative barium chloride, potassium chloride and barium fluoride, then injecting the melted barium chloride, potassium chloride and barium fluoride into a preheated ingot mold, crushing the barium chloride, potassium chloride and barium fluoride after forming a covering agent, and then storing the crushed covering agent in a drying oven at 120-150 ℃ for later use.

4. The preparation method of the magnesium-aluminum-beryllium intermediate alloy for casting addition according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2), the metal beryllium is degreased and processed into small pieces of 6mm to 10mm when the metal elements to be added are preheated, the small pieces are preheated to 300 ℃ to 400 ℃ for later use, and the pure magnesium and the pure aluminum are kept preheated and dried for later use after sand blowing.

5. The method for preparing the magnesium-aluminum-beryllium master alloy for casting addition according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the overheating to high temperature in the step 3) is 1000-1100 ℃.

6. The preparation method of the magnesium aluminum beryllium intermediate alloy for casting addition according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3), the preheated metal beryllium in the step 2) is added in batches by using a graphite bell jar and stirred.

7. The preparation method of the magnesium-aluminum-beryllium intermediate alloy for casting addition according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3), the mass ratio of sulfur to boric acid in the mixture is 1: 1.

8. the method for preparing the magnesium-aluminum-beryllium intermediate alloy for casting addition according to claim 1, wherein in the step 4), the mass percentage concentration of hexachloroethane is 0.2-0.4%.

9. The preparation method of the magnesium-aluminum-beryllium intermediate alloy for casting addition according to claim 1, wherein the standing time in the step 4) is 8-10 min.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of alloy preparation, in particular to a preparation method of magnesium-aluminum-beryllium intermediate alloy for casting addition.

Background

In the process of smelting cast aluminum alloy, most of various alloy elements are added in the form of intermediate alloy, on one hand, the melting point of some metal elements is greatly different from the melting temperature of the alloy, so that the metal elements are greatly lost when being added into the alloy, sometimes even cannot be added, for example, the melting point of beryllium is 1285 ℃, is far higher than the melting point of cast aluminum alloy, and cannot be melted when being directly added into the alloy, generally, the element to be added and other elements are firstly prepared into the alloy with the melting point close to the melting temperature of working alloy, on the other hand, if the element to be added is in the form of aluminum-beryllium intermediate alloy, the actual result reflects that the components are not very uniform through an aluminum-beryllium intermediate alloy test. In national standards and navigation standards, only aluminum-beryllium intermediate alloy is adopted, and the standard of aluminum-magnesium-beryllium intermediate alloy is not adopted.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a preparation method of magnesium-aluminum-beryllium intermediate alloy for casting addition, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.

The technical problem solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:

a preparation method of magnesium-aluminum-beryllium intermediate alloy for casting addition comprises the following specific steps:

1) firstly, preparing a covering agent, and then storing the covering agent in a drying oven at 120-150 ℃;

2) preheating metal elements to be added and keeping the metal elements dry for later use, wherein the metal elements to be added comprise pure aluminum, pure magnesium and metal beryllium;

3) preheating a graphite crucible to dark red, adding pure aluminum preheated in the three-quarter step 2) into the graphite crucible, heating until the pure aluminum is molten, fishing out slag to obtain aluminum liquid, scattering a layer of covering agent prepared in the step 1) on the aluminum liquid, and overheating to 1000-1100 ℃ to remove the flux on the surface of the aluminum liquid; adding the preheated metal beryllium in the step 2) in batches by using a graphite bell jar, and stirring, wherein the metal beryllium is not allowed to float so as to be prevented from being oxidized; adding the rest pure aluminum after the metal beryllium is completely melted, adding the pure magnesium preheated in the step 2) after the pure aluminum is completely melted, and carefully and uniformly stirring to obtain intermediate liquid; then spreading a mixture consisting of sulfur and boric acid (mass ratio is 1: 1) on the intermediate solution, and controlling the temperature at 820-850 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution;

4) refining the mixed solution formed in the step 3) by using hexachloroethane with the mass percentage concentration of 0.2-0.4% to generate alloy liquid, standing for 8-10 min, fishing slag, and casting into magnesium-aluminum-beryllium intermediate alloy ingots with the diameter less than 10mm when the temperature is controlled at 750-830 ℃.

In the invention, in step 1), the materials for preparing the covering agent comprise barium chloride, potassium chloride and barium fluoride, and the preparation process comprises the following steps:

firstly, melting quantitative barium chloride, potassium chloride and barium fluoride, then injecting the melted barium chloride, potassium chloride and barium fluoride into a preheated ingot mold, crushing the barium chloride, potassium chloride and barium fluoride after forming a covering agent, and then storing the crushed covering agent in a drying oven at 120-150 ℃ for later use.

In the invention, in the step 2), metal beryllium is degreased and processed into small blocks of 6-10 mm in the preheating of metal elements to be added, and the small blocks are preheated to 300-400 ℃ for later use.

In the invention, in the step 2), pure magnesium and pure aluminum are blown with sand and then kept preheated and dried for standby application when metal elements to be added are preheated.

Has the advantages that: the magnesium-aluminum-beryllium intermediate alloy ingot prepared by the invention is suitable for smelting and preparing high-strength aviation casting aluminum alloy containing magnesium and beryllium elements, so that the addition of the magnesium and beryllium elements is efficient and convenient, the burning loss of the metal elements is effectively reduced, and the yield of the metal elements is improved; meanwhile, the uniform stirring is beneficial to uniform mixing of ingredients and gas discharge in the smelting process, the processed ingot is convenient for weighing operation and segregation reduction, and the magnesium-aluminum-beryllium intermediate alloy ingot is uniform in component through analysis.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the preparation of a coating agent in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating preheating of metal elements to be added in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further explained below by combining the specific drawings.

Referring to fig. 1-3, a preparation method of the magnesium-aluminum-beryllium intermediate alloy for casting addition specifically comprises the following steps:

1) firstly, preparing a covering agent material, wherein the covering agent material comprises barium chloride, potassium chloride and barium fluoride, then melting 60-63 g of barium chloride, 19-20 g of potassium chloride and 16-18 g of barium fluoride, injecting the melted barium chloride, potassium chloride and barium fluoride into a preheated ingot mold, crushing the obtained product after the covering agent is formed, and then storing the obtained product in a drying oven at the temperature of 120-150 ℃;

2) preparing 60-63 g of pure aluminum, 30-34 g of pure magnesium and 1-3 g of metal beryllium, removing oil from the metal beryllium, processing the metal beryllium into small blocks of 6-10 mm, and preheating to 300-400 ℃; simultaneously blowing sand to pure magnesium and pure aluminum, and keeping preheating and drying for later use;

3) preheating a graphite crucible to dark red, adding pure aluminum preheated in the three-quarter step 2) into the graphite crucible, heating until the pure aluminum is molten, fishing out slag to obtain aluminum liquid, scattering a layer of covering agent on the aluminum liquid, and overheating to 1000-1100 ℃ to remove the flux on the surface of the aluminum liquid; adding the preheated metal beryllium in the step 2) in batches by using a graphite bell jar and stirring, wherein the metal beryllium is not allowed to float so as to avoid oxidation; adding the rest pure aluminum after the metal beryllium is completely melted, adding the pure magnesium preheated in the step 2) after the pure aluminum is completely melted, and carefully and uniformly stirring to obtain intermediate liquid; then spreading a mixture consisting of sulfur and boric acid (mass ratio is 1: 1) on the intermediate solution, and controlling the temperature at 820-850 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution;

4) refining the mixed solution formed in the step 3) by using hexachloroethane with the mass percentage concentration of 0.2-0.4% to generate alloy liquid, standing for 8-10 min, fishing slag, and casting into magnesium-aluminum-beryllium intermediate alloy ingots with the diameter less than 10mm when the temperature is controlled at 750-830 ℃.

In the embodiment, in the step 3), metal magnesium with a melting point close to that of aluminum is added, and after the metal magnesium is used for working alloy, the components are analyzed to be uniform;

in the step 3), the materials are continuously and uniformly stirred, so that the uniform mixing of the materials is facilitated, the gas discharge is facilitated, and the impurity content of the intermediate alloy is reduced;

in the step 4), the magnesium-aluminum-beryllium intermediate alloy is cast into a magnesium-aluminum-beryllium intermediate alloy ingot block with the thickness less than 10mm, so that the weighing of the intermediate alloy is convenient to control, and after the magnesium-aluminum-beryllium intermediate alloy is used for working alloy, the composition segregation is less through composition analysis.