阅读说明：本技术 布托啡诺在制备用于保定犀牛的麻醉剂中的应用 (Application of butorphanol in preparation of anesthetic for baoding rhinoceros ) 是由 植广林 黄勉 左珂菁 张马龙 梁玉珍 陈绚姣 陈谭子芃 谢伟俊 彭仕明 黎绘宏 于 2020-07-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了布托啡诺在制备用于保定犀牛的麻醉剂中的应用,属于兽用药物领域。利用本发明,使用低剂量布托啡诺镇静即可取得对犀牛进行各种检查治疗的保定效果,可完成X光拍片、B超检查、内窥镜检查、血液采集和输液等一系列操作,结合局部麻醉、阻滞麻醉等方式可进行第三眼睑缝合结扎、骨科螺钉打入修复裂角等外科手术,可以满足野生动物临床诊治的需求。本发明使用的布托啡诺经济实惠,安全高效,对犀牛副作用小。(The invention discloses application of butorphanol in preparation of an anesthetic for baoding rhinoceros, and belongs to the field of veterinary medicines. By utilizing the invention, the low-dose butorphanol sedation is used to obtain the effect of fixing rhinoceros for various examination and treatment, a series of operations such as X-ray radiography, B-ultrasonic examination, endoscopy, blood collection and transfusion can be completed, and surgical operations such as third eyelid suture ligation, orthopedic screw driving for repairing cracked angle and the like can be performed by combining local anesthesia, blocking anesthesia and the like, so that the requirements of clinical diagnosis and treatment of wild animals can be met. The butorphanol used in the invention is economical, safe and efficient, and has little side effect on rhinoceros.)

1. Use of butorphanol for the preparation of an anaesthetic for a fixed rhinoceros.

2. The use of claim 1, wherein the anesthetic is a liquid formulation.

3. The use of claim 2, wherein the anesthetic is injected into rhinoceros.

4. Use according to claim 3, wherein the injection is a blow pipe injection.

5. The use according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the anaesthetic is present in an amount of 5 to 20 μ g of butorphanol per kg of rhinoceros body weight.

6. Use according to claim 5, wherein the anaesthetic is administered in an amount of 5, 8, 15 or 20 μ g of butorphanol per kg of rhinoceros bodyweight.

7. The use of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the anesthetic further comprises dexmeditomidine, ketamine or xylazine.

8. Use of butorphanol for the preparation of an anaesthetic suitable for use in a method of sedating rhinoceros comprising the steps of:

s1, injecting the anesthetic into the rhinoceros body by using an injection method;

s2 maintaining anesthesia by intravenous injection, constant velocity instillation of at least one selected from ketamine or propofol, or nasal cannula inhalation.

9. The use according to claim 8, wherein the anesthetic is used in an amount of 5-20 μ g of butorphanol per kg of rhinoceros body weight.

10. Use according to claim 9, wherein the anaesthetic is administered in an amount of 5, 8, 15 or 20 μ g butorphanol per kg rhinoceros body weight.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of veterinary medicines, and particularly relates to application of butorphanol in preparation of an anesthetic for baoding rhinoceros.

Background

Rhinoceros are huge in size, high in running speed, particularly male, extremely strong in aggressiveness, and can be operated under a certain condition when being rescued in the field or used for checking or operating an operating lamp on the infected captive rhinoceros in a zoon.

Currently, commonly used methods of fixation include physical fixation and chemical fixation. Physical conservation means that cattle are placed by enclosure or rope, and if the work is done at the center of the conservation, there is usually a conservation fence. The method is labor-consuming, has large stress injury to the rhinoceros, and has been reported to cause the rhinoceros esophagus to collapse due to rope restraint. Chemical reservation refers to the reservation of rhinoceros by using one or more chemical drugs (sedatives and anesthetics) through injection, anesthetic gas inhalation and other ways to achieve the effect of reserving the rhinoceros for subsequent operations such as stringing cages, sample collection, diagnosis, treatment or transportation. This method relatively saves the need for a qualified person and the stress response to rhinoceros. However, the drugs used for chemical immobilization are very expensive and difficult for veterinarians to obtain; if the patient is in the field, the injection of a helicopter anesthetic gun is needed, so the cost is high; in addition, the error of animal weight and anesthetic dosage is large; furthermore, rhinoceros have large body size and can cause pressure on heart and lung after being poured down; finally, the chemical medicine can strongly inhibit vital organs such as rhinoceros heart and lung and gastrointestinal peristalsis, and can cause side effects such as bradycardia, hypotension, acidosis, gastrointestinal retardation and even death. Large animals such as chedulca remains a problem for veterinarians.

Disclosure of Invention

The present inventors have conducted extensive studies to solve at least one of the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, have unexpectedly found that low-dose butorphanol sedation according to the present invention can achieve a constant effect in various examinations and treatments of rhinoceros, and can complete a series of operations such as X-ray radiography, B-ultrasound examination, endoscopy, blood collection, and transfusion, thereby completing the present invention.

In one aspect, the invention provides the use of butorphanol in the preparation of an anaesthetic for a fixed rhinoceros.

In some embodiments of the invention, the anesthetic is a liquid formulation.

In some embodiments of the invention, the anesthetic is injected into a rhinoceros cow. In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the injection is a blow tube injection.

The blow pipe injection comprises the following specific steps:

2 sterilization syringes of 5 ml are adopted, the push rod of the syringe is cut off, only the piston is reserved in the outer cylinder, and 2 syringe outer cylinders containing pistons and provided with scales are connected in a hot melting mode after hand guards are cut off, so that good water tightness is ensured.

A No. 12 metal injection needle is adopted, a needle point is sealed and sharp and is easy to puncture and inject medicine, a side opening round hole with the diameter of 2mm is arranged at a position 5mm below the needle point, a 2cm long rubber belt (with the diameter of 5 mm) is cut to penetrate into a closed side hole from the needle point and keep the needle point exposed outside rubber;

adjusting the piston to the scale position of the required injection liquid volume at the dosing side, extracting the required medicament by using another new sterile syringe, injecting the medicament, and connecting a sealed needle; a30 mL syringe with a needle pulled out is connected with the pressurizing end of the blow tube syringe through a rubber connector, the 30mL syringe is pushed to pressurize, then the connection is broken, and a thin rod such as a toothpick is used for deeply and lightly poking a piston of the pressurizing section to confirm the success of pressurizing.

The method comprises the steps of putting a blow pipe injector into a blow pipe, connecting a pressurizing end of the injector with a blowing side of a balancer close to the blow pipe, enabling the blowing end and an ejection end of the blow pipe to be in a straight line with a target position of an injected animal at three points, enabling an oral cavity to be full of gas and facing the blowing side of the blow pipe to blow gas instantly in an explosive manner, enabling the blow pipe injector to be emitted to the target position of injection by the gas, pushing a rubber section on a needle backwards when the needle penetrates through the skin, exposing a side hole in muscle, extruding liquid medicine from the side hole by the pressure in the pressurized injector, enabling the liquid medicine to enter the muscle of the animal, and.

The blow pipe injection is typically within 15 meters.

In some embodiments of the invention, the anesthetic is present in an amount of 5-20 μ g of butorphanol per kg of rhinoceros body weight. In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the anesthetic is used in an amount of 5, 15 or 20 μ g of butorphanol per kg of rhinoceros body weight.

In some embodiments of the invention, the anesthetic further comprises dexmedetomidine, ketamine or xylazine.

In the invention, the rhinoceros are white rhinoceros.

A second aspect of the invention provides the use of butorphanol in the preparation of an anaesthetic suitable for use in a method of sedated rhinoceros comprising the steps of:

s1, injecting the anesthetic into the rhinoceros body by using an injection method;

s2 maintaining anesthesia by intravenous injection, constant velocity instillation of at least one selected from ketamine or propofol, or nasal cannula inhalation.

In some embodiments of the invention, the anesthetic is present in an amount of 5-20 μ g of butorphanol per kg of rhinoceros body weight. In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the anesthetic is used in an amount of 5, 15 or 20 μ g of butorphanol per kg of rhinoceros body weight.

In some embodiments of the invention, the method maintains anesthesia after butorphanol sedation by intravenous injection of ketamine or propofol, or by constant velocity instillation (CRI) of ketamine, or by nasal intubation of isoflurane.

The invention has the advantages of

1. The low-dose butorphanol can achieve the effect of fixing rhinoceros for various examination and treatment, and can complete a series of operations such as X-ray radiography, B-ultrasonic examination, endoscopy, blood collection, transfusion and the like.

2. The combination of local anesthesia, block anesthesia and the like can meet the clinical diagnosis and treatment requirements of wild animals.

3. The economic cost is greatly saved (100 yuan of 10mg butorphanol, 4mL M99 is about 5000 yuan).

4. The rhinoceros cattle is safe and efficient, keeps a standing posture and has small stress on animals.

5. Has little side effect, and has no side effects such as hypotension, hypoxemia, gastrointestinal retardation, etc.

Drawings

Figure 1 shows a non-invasive blood pressure profile of the tail root of a baotia officinalis at 15 μ g/kg.

Figure 2 shows a non-invasive blood pressure profile of the tail root of a norkoilon 5 μ g/kg.

FIG. 3 shows the anal temperature change curve of butorphanol 5. mu.g/kg Baoding white rhinoceros.

Figure 4 shows the tail root non-invasive blood pressure curve of the mid-section of a n-butorphanol 8 μ g/kg anaesthetized rhinoceros.

Figure 5 shows the temperature heart rate curve for a mid-section of butorphanol 8 μ g/kg anaesthetized rhinoceros.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects solved by the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the following embodiments.