阅读说明：本技术 中性钠离子盐在制备柑橘酸腐病菌抑菌剂中的应用 (Application of neutral sodium ion salt in preparation of bacteriostatic agent for citrus acid rot fungi ) 是由 龙超安 赵娟 张德遥 杨凡 田中欢 于 2020-03-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于水果采后贮藏保鲜剂领域,公开了中性钠离子盐在制备柑橘酸腐病菌抑菌剂中的应用。本发明通过离体实验和果实活体实验证实了中性钠离子盐能有效地抑制柑橘酸腐病菌,并阐明了其在柑橘采后处理中的应用前景。同时,中性钠离子盐如氯化钠是一种无毒的化学试剂,价格便宜,用量少,因此,可确定其安全性。这是国内外首次将中性钠离子盐作为一种防腐保鲜剂应用于柑橘果实采后处理中。(The invention belongs to the field of fruit postharvest storage preservatives, and discloses application of a neutral sodium ion salt in preparation of a citrus acid rot pathogen bacteriostatic agent. The in vitro experiment and the fruit in vivo experiment prove that the neutral sodium ion salt can effectively inhibit citrus acidovorax and clarify the application prospect of the neutral sodium ion salt in the postharvest treatment of citrus. Meanwhile, neutral sodium ion salts such as sodium chloride are nontoxic chemical reagents, are low in price and low in dosage, and therefore, the safety of the neutral sodium ion salts can be determined. The method is to apply the neutral sodium ion salt as an antiseptic preservative to the postharvest treatment of the citrus fruits for the first time at home and abroad.)

1. Application of neutral sodium ion salt in preparing inhibitor for preventing and treating Mandarin orange acid rot disease is provided.

2. Application of neutral sodium ion salt in preparation of medicament for preventing and treating postharvest acid rot of citrus

The use according to claim 2, wherein the concentration of sodium ions is ≧ 0.1M when the citrus fruit is treated.

3. The application of neutral sodium ion salt in preparing medicament for inhibiting acid rot and keeping fruit fresh.

4. The use of claim 4, wherein the fruit is immersed in an aqueous solution of a neutral sodium ion salt, and then stored in a conventional storage and preservation manner.

5. The use as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2 or claim 4 or claim 5, wherein the neutral sodium ion salt is sodium chloride, sodium nitrate or sodium sulphate.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of fruit postharvest storage preservatives, and particularly relates to an application of a neutral sodium ion salt in preparation of a bacteriostatic agent for citrus acid rot germs.

Background

Citrus has a long history of cultivation in China, and because citrus has higher processing and commercial application values, China has become the first major producing country of citrus in the world in 2007 (Zhang YuTing, etc 2009); the area for planting citrus in China is about 259 million hectares, and the annual yield reaches about 3817 million tons (Shenmeimin 2019). The proportion of the fresh citrus fruits in the citrus industry in China in the total yield reaches 95%, but the rot phenomenon in the storage and preservation period is common due to the fact that the postharvest storage and processing technology links in the citrus industry in China are relatively weak (Xiong Wei 2015), wherein penicilliosis, green mold, acid rot and pedicle rot are the most main citrus after-harvest fungal diseases. Chemical bactericides such as imazalil, pyrimethanil, prochloraz and fludioxonil are main means for inhibiting postharvest diseases of citrus, but in the registered chemical agents at present, guazatine is the only chemical agent with a good inhibition effect on acid rot.

Citrus acid rot generally occurs in fruits during storage, and pathogenic bacteria invade mainly through mechanical wounds during storage and secrete various hydrolytic enzymes to destroy the integrity of the fruit epidermis. The mold of the damaged fruit generally takes the shape of a circle and gradually spreads and grows outwards by taking lesion spots as the center, and as the disease duration is prolonged, a layer of white frost-like mold layer is formed on the surface of the affected part, so that the whole fruit is rotten and goes out of water, and is accompanied with acid odor (sino-trawl 2018). According to statistics, the incidence rate of citrus acid rot in California of the United states has a rising trend (Changlin Xiao 2018) in recent years, and due to the adverse effects of chemical agents on human health and ecological environment, the search for target-specific and environment-friendly control measures is urgent. The document reports that the mint essential oil has a certain inhibiting effect on the external fumigation of citrus acid-rotting bacteria (Jiang mountain 2017), the antagonistic bacteria Bacillus subtilis can also inhibit the growth of the citrus acid-rotting bacteria (Li Dang Yong 2019), and chemical substances such as polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride, sodium bicarbonate and sodium salicylate can inhibit the attack of the citrus acid-rotting bacteria in the Shatang (Wu Ri Chapter 2015). In the ion research, the inhibition effect of the neutral sodium ion salt on the citrus acid rot fungi is not reported.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide application of a neutral sodium ion salt in preparation of a citrus acid rot pathogen inhibitor.

The invention also aims to provide application of the neutral sodium ion salt in preparing a medicament for preventing and controlling postharvest acid rot of citrus.

The last purpose of the invention is to provide the application of neutral sodium ion salt in the preparation of the medicament for inhibiting the acid rot germs and keeping fruits fresh, the neutral salt containing the sodium ion is used for treating the citrus, the inhibition of the acid rot germs in the storage of the picked fruits can be realized, the fresh-keeping effect is realized, and the medicament is small in dosage, safe and obvious in effect.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical measures:

the application of the neutral sodium ion salt in preparing the citrus acid rot pathogen inhibitor, which is prepared by taking the neutral sodium ion salt as a main effective component or one of the main effective components, belongs to the protection scope of the invention.

The application of neutral sodium ion salt in preparing the medicament for preventing and treating the postharvest acid rot of the citrus is realized by treating the citrus with the neutral salt containing the sodium ion, so that the inhibition of acid rot bacteria in the storage of postharvest fruits can be realized, and the fresh-keeping effect is realized.

In the above-described application, the concentration of sodium ions is preferably not less than 0.1M, more preferably not less than 0.1M and not less than 1M, when citrus is treated.

The application of neutral sodium ion salt in preparing medicament for inhibiting acid rot germs and keeping fruits fresh;

in the above application, preferably, the fruit is directly soaked by a neutral sodium ion salt aqueous solution, and then the fruit is stored and preserved conventionally; the concentration of sodium ions in the neutral sodium ion salt is not less than 0.1M and not less than 1M.

The classes of neutral sodium ion salts described above include, but are not limited to: sodium chloride, sodium nitrate and sodium sulphate.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:

the in vitro experiment and the fruit in vivo experiment prove that the neutral sodium ion salt can effectively inhibit citrus acidovorax and clarify the application prospect of the neutral sodium ion salt in the postharvest treatment of citrus. Meanwhile, the neutral sodium ion salt (such as sodium chloride and the like) is a nontoxic chemical reagent, is low in price and small in dosage, and therefore, the safety of the neutral sodium ion salt can be determined. The method is to apply the neutral sodium ion salt as an antiseptic preservative to the postharvest treatment of the citrus fruits for the first time at home and abroad.

The neutral sodium ion salt can effectively improve the storage and preservation capability of the citrus, increase the hardness of the fruit, induce the content of related active enzyme in the fruit epidermis to be increased, and enhance the self defense capability of the fruit. Therefore, the adopted citrus fruits can be treated by neutral sodium ion salts (such as sodium chloride and the like) so as to achieve the effects of inhibiting citrus acidovorax citrulli, controlling water loss to play a role in keeping freshness and keeping the fruit quality unchanged.

Drawings

FIG. 1 shows the growth of a species of Pythium citrosum on a PDA medium containing sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium nitrate and sodium sulfate;

a, culturing citrus acid rot fungi on a pure PDA culture medium;

b, culturing the citrus acid rot fungi on a PDA culture medium containing 0.6mol/L sodium chloride;

c, culturing the citrus acid rot fungi on a PDA culture medium containing 0.6mol/L potassium chloride;

d, culturing the citrus acid rot fungi on a PDA culture medium containing 0.6mol/L sodium nitrate;

and E, culturing the citrus acid rot fungi on a sodium sulfate PDA culture medium containing 0.6mol/L sodium ions.

FIG. 2 shows the inoculation experiment of 1mol/L sodium chloride solution for living navel orange of Wenzhou mandarin orange, national Qing I, and Newhall orange;

wherein, A is a living body inoculation experiment after 1mol/L sodium chloride solution is used for treating Wenzhou mandarin orange 'national Qing I' in different modes;

b, carrying out living inoculation experiments after treating the 'Newhall' navel orange by 1mol/L sodium chloride solution in different modes;

a, washing by distilled water and then inoculating citrus acid rot fungi;

b, soaking in 1mol/L sodium chloride solution for 2min, and then inoculating citrus acid rot fungi;

c, inoculating citrus acid rot fungi, and then putting the citrus acid rot fungi into 1mol/L sodium chloride solution for fumigation;

d Living body inoculation 1 × 10⁶CFU/ml citrus acid rot fungus and 1mol/L sodium chloride mixed solution.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the invention is a conventional mode in the field if not specifically stated; the reagents or materials, if not specifically mentioned, are commercially available. The experimental data obtained in the examples of the present invention were tested for differential significance using the SAS software ANOVA program (P < 0.05). The invention takes sodium chloride, sodium nitrate and sodium sulfate as examples to illustrate that neutral sodium ion salt can play a role in keeping freshness of citrus acidovorax and citrus, and other neutral sodium ion salts can play the same role.