阅读说明：本技术 一种机载双谱段偏振全天时海上目标搜索系统 (Airborne dual-spectral-band polarization all-time offshore target searching system ) 是由 付强 邓宇 李英超 史浩东 姜会林 刘壮 于 2019-10-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种机载双谱段偏振全天时海上目标搜索系统,属于光电成像技术领域,包括卡式望远光学子系统、偏振成像子系统、信息融合处理子系统、探测跟踪转台子系统、偏振照明子系统以及总控系统,卡式望远光学子系统、偏振成像子系统以及信息融合处理子系统均设置在探测跟踪转台子系统上,卡式望远光学子系统与偏振成像子系统光学连接,且与信息融合处理子系统电学连接；偏振成像子系统与信息融合处理子系统电学连接；信息融合处理子系统、探测跟踪转台子系统以及偏振照明子系统均与总控系统电学连接。本发明将光的红外信息、强度信息和偏振信息有机组合,可实现红外、强度、偏振成像三个功能,是对传统成像探测的有益补充。(An airborne double-spectral-band polarization all-time offshore target searching system belongs to the technical field of photoelectric imaging, and comprises a card type telescopic optical subsystem, a polarization imaging subsystem, an information fusion processing subsystem, a detection tracking turntable subsystem, a polarization illumination subsystem and a master control system, wherein the card type telescopic optical subsystem, the polarization imaging subsystem and the information fusion processing subsystem are all arranged on the detection tracking turntable subsystem, and the card type telescopic optical subsystem is optically connected with the polarization imaging subsystem and is electrically connected with the information fusion processing subsystem; the polarization imaging subsystem is electrically connected with the information fusion processing subsystem; the information fusion processing subsystem, the detection tracking turntable subsystem and the polarized illumination subsystem are electrically connected with the master control system. The invention organically combines infrared information, intensity information and polarization information of light, can realize three functions of infrared imaging, intensity imaging and polarization imaging, and is beneficial supplement to the traditional imaging detection.)

1. An airborne dual-spectral-band polarization all-time marine target search system is characterized in that: the system comprises a clamping type telescopic optical subsystem (1), a polarization imaging subsystem (2), an information fusion processing subsystem (3), a detection tracking turntable subsystem (4), a polarization illumination subsystem (5) and a master control system (6), wherein the clamping type telescopic optical subsystem (1), the polarization imaging subsystem (2) and the information fusion processing subsystem (3) are all arranged on the detection tracking turntable subsystem (4), and the clamping type telescopic optical subsystem (1) is in optical connection with the polarization imaging subsystem (2) and is electrically connected with the information fusion processing subsystem (3); the polarization imaging subsystem (2) is electrically connected with the information fusion processing subsystem (3); the information fusion processing subsystem (3), the detection tracking turntable subsystem (4) and the polarized illumination subsystem (5) are electrically connected with the master control system (6);

the clamping type telescopic optical subsystem (1) comprises a clamping type telescopic optical unit (7) and an optical collimation unit (8), wherein the clamping type telescopic optical unit (7) and the optical collimation unit (8) are arranged in series along the same optical axis and are positioned on the left side of the optical collimation unit (8);

the polarization imaging subsystem (2) comprises a galvanometer (9), a spectroscope I (10), an imaging lens I (11), a near infrared polarization detector (12), a spectroscope II (13), an imaging lens II (14), a long-wave infrared polarization detector (15), an imaging lens III (16) and a visible light polarization detector (17), wherein the galvanometer (9), the spectroscope I (10), the spectroscope II (13), the imaging lens III (16) and the visible light polarization detector (17) are coaxial and are longitudinally arranged in series; the spectroscope I (10), the imaging lens I (11) and the near-infrared polarization detector (12) are coaxial and arranged in series transversely; the spectroscope II (13), the imaging lens II (14) and the long-wave infrared polarization detector (15) are coaxial and arranged in series transversely;

the information fusion processing subsystem (3) comprises an information processing unit (18), an image display unit (19) and a signal unit (20), a long-wave infrared polarization detector (15), a visible light polarization detector (17) and a near infrared polarization detector (12) acquire image information and acquire the image information to the information processing unit (18); the information processing unit (18) is electrically connected with the image display unit (19); the image display unit (19) is electrically connected with the signal unit (20);

the polarized illumination subsystem (5) comprises an Nd, YAG laser (21), a plano-concave lens I (22), a plano-convex lens II (23), a polarizing plate (24), an 1/4 wave plate (25), an illumination mode conversion component (26) and a polarization state conversion component (27), wherein the Nd, YAG laser (21) is electrically connected with a master control system (6), the Nd, YAG laser (21) emits laser, laser beam expansion is carried out through the plano-concave lens I (22) and the plano-convex lens II (23), polarization is carried out through the polarizing plate (24), plane polarized light is converted into circularly polarized light through the 1/4 wave plate (25), the light intensity of the polarized light is adjusted through the illumination mode conversion component (26), and the polarization state of the polarized light is adjusted through the polarization state conversion component (27).

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the system comprises: light in the card type telescopic optical system (1) sequentially passes through the card type telescopic optical unit (7) and the optical collimation unit (8) to collect visible light, near infrared light and long-wave infrared light of a target and a background.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein the system comprises: after light rays in the polarization imaging subsystem (2) are emitted from the optical collimating unit (8), the light rays are reflected by the galvanometer (9), reflected by the spectroscope I (10) and transmitted by the imaging lens I (11), and then near-infrared polarization imaging is carried out on the near-infrared polarization detector (12); the transmission light of the spectroscope I (10) is reflected by the spectroscope II (13), and the long-wave infrared polarization imaging is carried out on a long-wave infrared polarization detector (15) after the transmission light of the imaging lens II (14) is transmitted; and the transmission light of the spectroscope II (13) is transmitted through the imaging lens III (16) and then is subjected to visible light polarization imaging on the visible light polarization detector (17).

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the system comprises: an information processing unit (18) in the information fusion processing subsystem (3) controls the detection tracking turntable subsystem (4) to work according to the acquired miss distance information, performs information fusion and image splicing, and transmits a fused image to an image display unit (19); the image display unit (19) carries out target positioning through an embedded positioning navigation chip and carries out splicing display on the acquired images; the signal unit (20) is used for returning the image acquisition information.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the system comprises: the detection tracking rotary table subsystem (4) is used for space target tracking.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of photoelectric imaging, and particularly relates to an airborne double-spectral-band polarization all-time marine target searching system.

Background

The marine background environment is different from the land background environment, and has complexity and specificity. In the process of searching the offshore targets, the problems of complex sea surface illumination, poor target environment contrast, solar radiation flare interference and serious sea surface fog influence exist, so that the offshore targets are difficult to search and the high-quality imaging information of the targets is difficult to accurately obtain.

The problems of uneven search technology, relatively backward aging of search equipment and the like commonly exist in the current maritime target search system, so that the search system is directly unstable and the advanced equipment is lacked, and the development of maritime target search career in China is severely restricted. The existing marine target search system is mostly an infrared system, the performance of an imaging system penetrating sea fog only adopting an infrared technology is limited, the polarization imaging and the dual-spectrum technology are combined, and the airborne dual-spectrum polarization marine target search system in all-day time is provided. Although the research on visible light, infrared and polarization imaging technologies is developed in the aspects of visible light, infrared and polarization detection in China, the method is mainly applied to the fields of meteorological detection, space environment, earth science and the like, an airborne dual-spectrum polarization all-day-long marine target searching system is not developed, all-day-long searching of marine targets cannot be realized, and a great obstacle exists in the working efficiency of marine target searching. Therefore, there is a need in the art for a new solution to solve this problem.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the airborne double-spectrum polarization all-time marine target search system organically combines infrared information, intensity information and polarization information of light, can realize three functions of infrared imaging, intensity imaging and polarization imaging, and is beneficial supplement to traditional imaging detection. The system can realize the detection and search of the marine target all day long, meet the working requirement of the system for 24 hours on the premise of ensuring the precision, and improve the imaging image contrast, thereby improving the working efficiency.

An airborne dual-spectral-band polarization all-time marine target search system is characterized in that: the system comprises a card type telescopic optical subsystem, a polarization imaging subsystem, an information fusion processing subsystem, a detection tracking turntable subsystem, a polarization illumination subsystem and a master control system, wherein the card type telescopic optical subsystem, the polarization imaging subsystem and the information fusion processing subsystem are all arranged on the detection tracking turntable subsystem, and the card type telescopic optical subsystem is optically connected with the polarization imaging subsystem and is electrically connected with the information fusion processing subsystem; the polarization imaging subsystem is electrically connected with the information fusion processing subsystem; the information fusion processing subsystem, the detection tracking turntable subsystem and the polarized illumination subsystem are electrically connected with the master control system;

the card type telescopic optical subsystem comprises a card type telescopic optical unit and an optical collimation unit, wherein the card type telescopic optical unit and the optical collimation unit are arranged in series along the same optical axis and are positioned on the left side of the optical collimation unit;

the polarization imaging subsystem comprises a galvanometer, a spectroscope I, an imaging lens I, a near infrared polarization detector, a spectroscope II, an imaging lens II, a long-wave infrared polarization detector, an imaging lens III and a visible light polarization detector, wherein the galvanometer, the spectroscope I, the spectroscope II, the imaging lens III and the visible light polarization detector are coaxial and are longitudinally arranged in series; the spectroscope I, the imaging lens I and the near-infrared polarization detector are coaxial and are arranged in series transversely; the spectroscope II, the imaging lens II and the long-wave infrared polarization detector are coaxial and are transversely arranged in series;

the information fusion processing subsystem comprises an information processing unit, an image display unit and a signal unit, wherein a long wave infrared polarization detector, a visible light polarization detector and a near infrared polarization detector acquire image information and acquire the image information to the information processing unit; the information processing unit is electrically connected with the image display unit; the image display unit is electrically connected with the signal unit;

the polarized illumination subsystem comprises an Nd-YAG laser, a plano-concave lens I, a plano-convex lens II, a polarizing plate, an 1/4 wave plate, an illumination mode conversion assembly and a polarization state conversion assembly, wherein the Nd-YAG laser is electrically connected with the master control system, emits laser, expands laser beams through the plano-concave lens I and the plano-convex lens II, is polarized through the polarizing plate, converts plane polarized light into circularly polarized light through a 1/4 wave plate, adjusts the light intensity of the polarized light through the illumination mode conversion assembly, and adjusts the polarization state of the polarized light through the polarization state conversion assembly.

Light rays in the clamping type telescopic optical system sequentially pass through the clamping type telescopic optical unit and the optical collimation unit to collect visible light, near infrared light and long-wave infrared light of a target and a background.

After light rays in the polarization imaging subsystem exit from the optical collimation unit and are reflected by the galvanometer, the spectroscope I and the imaging lens I in sequence, near-infrared polarization imaging is carried out on the near-infrared polarization detector; the transmission light of the spectroscope I is reflected by the spectroscope II, and the long-wave infrared polarization imaging is carried out on the long-wave infrared polarization detector after the transmission light of the imaging lens II is transmitted; and the transmission light of the spectroscope II is transmitted by the imaging lens III and then is subjected to visible light polarization imaging on the visible light polarization detector.

An information processing unit in the information fusion processing subsystem controls the detection tracking turntable subsystem to work according to the acquired miss distance information, performs information fusion and image splicing, and transmits a fused image to an image display unit; the image display unit carries out target positioning through the embedded positioning navigation chip and carries out splicing display on the acquired images; the signal unit is used for returning the image acquisition information.

The detection tracking rotary table subsystem is used for tracking a space target.

Through the design scheme, the invention can bring the following beneficial effects: the airborne double-spectrum polarization all-day marine target search system organically combines infrared information, intensity information and polarization information of light, can realize three functions of infrared imaging, intensity imaging and polarization imaging, is beneficial supplement to traditional imaging detection, can realize all-day detection and search of marine targets, meets the working requirement of the system for 24 hours on the premise of ensuring the precision, improves the image contrast of imaging, and further improves the working efficiency. Wherein the intensity information reflects the detection distance, the shape of the target, the size of the target, and the like; the infrared information reflects the difference of the outward radiation energy of the marine target and the background, and the system can work around the clock, and the like; the polarization information reflects the material, the roughness and the contrast with the background of the target; the intensity, infrared and polarization three-dimensional information are jointly applied, the image contrast can be improved by 2-3 times, so that the working distance is improved by 30%, the target detection probability is improved, and the large-scale searching work of the marine target in all days is effectively realized.

Drawings

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the components of an airborne dual-spectral-band polarized all-time marine target search system.

FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of an airborne dual-spectral-band polarized all-time marine target search system.

FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a flow of an information fusion processing subsystem of an airborne dual-spectral-band polarized all-day marine target search system according to the present invention.

In the figure, a 1-telescope-type optical subsystem, a 2-polarization imaging subsystem, a 3-information fusion processing subsystem, a 4-detection tracking turntable subsystem, a 5-polarization illumination subsystem, a 6-master control system, a 7-telescope-type optical unit, an 8-optical collimation unit, a 9-galvanometer, a 10-spectroscope I, an 11-imaging lens I, a 12-near infrared polarization detector, a 13-spectroscope II, a 14-imaging lens II, a 15-long wave infrared polarization detector, a 16-imaging lens III, a 17-visible light polarization detector, an 18-information processing unit, a 19-image display unit, a 20-signal unit, a 21-Nd YAG laser, a 22-plano-concave lens I, a 23-plano-convex lens II, a, 24-polarizer, 25-1/4 wave plate, 26-illumination mode conversion component, and 27-polarization state conversion component.

Detailed Description

An airborne dual-spectral-band polarization all-time marine target search system is shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2 and comprises a card type telescopic optical subsystem 1, a polarization imaging subsystem 2, an information fusion processing subsystem 3, a detection tracking turntable subsystem 4, a polarization illumination subsystem 5 and a master control system 6, wherein the card type telescopic optical subsystem 1, the visible light polarization, near infrared polarization and long wave infrared polarization imaging subsystem 2 and the information fusion processing subsystem 3 are jointly placed on the tracking turntable subsystem 4; the card type telescopic optical system 1 is optically connected with the polarization imaging subsystem 2, the polarization imaging subsystem 2 is electrically connected with the information fusion processing subsystem 3, and the card type telescopic optical system 1 and the polarization imaging subsystem 2 couple light beams through a galvanometer; the information fusion processing subsystem 3 is electrically connected with the tracking turntable subsystem 4;

the card type telescopic optical subsystem 1 finishes collecting visible light, near infrared and long-wave infrared light of a target and a background; the visible light polarization, near infrared polarization and long wave infrared polarization imaging subsystem 2 completes the polarization detection imaging of near infrared, long wave infrared and visible light; the information fusion processing subsystem 3 carries out information fusion processing and image display, and controls the detection tracking turntable subsystem 4 to work according to the acquired miss distance information; the detection tracking rotary table subsystem 4 realizes the tracking of the offshore target; the polarized illumination subsystem 5 provides a light source for the card type telescopic optical subsystem; and the master control system 6 realizes instruction control of the whole system.

The card type telescopic optical subsystem 1 consists of an EB02-05-B model card type telescopic optical unit 7 of Thorlabs company and a D-ZK3 model optical collimation unit 8 of Thorlabs company; the card type telescopic optical unit 7 and the optical collimation unit 8 are coaxial, and the card type telescopic optical unit 7 is positioned at the left side of the optical collimation unit 8 and arranged in series; the light rays sequentially pass through the clamping type telescopic optical unit 7 and the optical collimation unit 8 to finish the collection of visible light, near infrared and long-wave infrared light of the target and the background.

The polarization imaging subsystem 2 comprises a large constant photoelectric GCM-08056 model galvanometer 9, an SL-800M model spectroscope I10 of Thorlabs company, a large constant photoelectric GCL-010109 model imaging lens I11, an ML1550G40 model near infrared polarization detector 12 of Thorlabs company, an SL-800M model spectroscope II 13 of Thorlabs company, a large constant photoelectric GCL-010109 model imaging lens II 14, an FD1672P model long wave infrared polarization detector 15 of Fluxdata company, a large constant photoelectric GCL-010109 model imaging lens III 16 and a PDA8GS model visible light polarization detector 17 of Thorlabs company. The galvanometer 9, the spectroscope I10, the spectroscope II 13, the imaging lens III 16 and the visible light polarization detector 17 are coaxial and are longitudinally arranged in series; the spectroscope I10, the imaging lens I11 and the near-infrared polarization detector 12 are coaxial and are arranged in series transversely; the spectroscope II 13, the imaging lens II 14 and the long-wave infrared polarization detector 15 are coaxial and are arranged in series transversely; after the light rays sequentially pass through the galvanometer 9 and the spectroscope I10, one path of light rays pass through the imaging lens I11, and near infrared polarization imaging is completed on the near infrared polarization detector 12; the other path of light is transmitted to a spectroscope II 13, and after the light passes through the spectroscope II 13, one path of light passes through an imaging lens II 14 to complete long-wave infrared polarization imaging on a long-wave infrared polarization detector 15; the other light passes through an imaging lens III 16, and visible light polarization imaging is completed on a visible light polarization detector 17.

The information fusion processing subsystem 3 consists of an MZXJ-1MODBUS model information processing unit 18 of the Rosemount corporation, USA, an MW5255-P3-D model image display unit 19 of the astronautic security corporation and an FPV-40-RC model signal unit 20 of the Shenzhen Chuanjian digital communication Limited. The information processing unit 18, the image display unit 19, and the signal unit 20 are arranged in series in the longitudinal direction and electrically connected. The image information obtained by the three imaging units of the near-infrared polarization imaging unit 12, the long-wave infrared polarization imaging unit 15 and the visible light polarization imaging unit 17 is acquired to an information processing unit 18, on one hand, the information processing unit 18 controls the tracking turntable subsystem to work according to the acquired miss distance information, on the other hand, information fusion and image splicing are carried out, a fused image is transmitted to an image display unit 19, the image display unit 19 utilizes an embedded Beidou high-precision positioning navigation chip to position a target position and splice and display the acquired image so as to realize large-range no-dead-angle search of the offshore target, and the signal unit 20 realizes real-time return of the image acquisition information.

The information fusion processing subsystem mainly performs fusion processing on the acquired polarization images according to discrete wavelet transform, and the fusion flow is shown in fig. 3.

And carrying out space matching on the source polarization parameter image, and carrying out wavelet decomposition on the source polarization image. And according to the characteristics of each decomposition layer, performing fusion processing by adopting a fusion rule based on the maximum coefficient absolute value. And performing two-dimensional discrete wavelet inverse transformation on the obtained image to obtain a fused image.

The polarized illumination subsystem 5 is manufactured by the company quantel SpitLight400 model 532 nmNd: YAG laser 21, Hexagon optical H-ZF7LA model plano-concave lens I22, Hexagon optical GLH-11K9 model plano-convex lens II 23, great-constant photoelectric GCL-05 model polaroid 24, great-constant photoelectric GCL-060601 model 1/4 wave plate 25, Beijing glazing instruments Limited 104-BG86394 lighting mode conversion module 26 and France Weno optical company HP11896A model polarization state conversion module 27. The Nd is formed by transversely arranging and optically connecting a YAG laser 21, a plano-concave lens I22, a plano-convex lens II 23, a polarizing plate 24, an 1/4 wave plate 25, an illumination mode conversion assembly 26 and a polarization state conversion assembly 27 from right to left in sequence. YAG laser 21 sends out laser, finishes laser beam expanding through plano-concave lens I22 and plano-convex lens II 23, polarizes through polaroid 24, converts plane polarized light into circularly polarized light through 1/4 wave plate 25, adjusts the polarized light intensity through illumination mode conversion component 26, adjusts the polarized light polarization state through polarization state conversion component 27, provides the polarized light source suitable for searching different targets for the system, finishes searching different targets at night.

The working process of the invention is as follows: the card type telescopic optical unit 7 collects visible light, near infrared and long wave infrared light of a target and a background, and the visible light, the near infrared and long wave infrared light respectively reach the near infrared polarization imaging unit 12, the long wave infrared polarization imaging unit 15 and the visible light polarization imaging unit 17 after passing through the light splitting unit and the imaging lens unit, and corresponding near infrared polarization images, long wave infrared polarization images and visible light polarization images are obtained. The image is transmitted to the information fusion processing subsystem 3, the information processing unit 18 controls the detection tracking turntable subsystem 4 to work according to the acquired miss distance information on one hand, and performs information fusion and image splicing on the other hand, the fused image is transmitted to the image display unit 19 to be displayed after fusion processing, and the signal unit 20 realizes real-time return of the image acquisition information. The detection tracking turntable subsystem 4 tracks the marine target according to the miss distance information given by the information fusion processing unit 3 so as to stably image. YAG laser 21 emits laser light, laser beam expansion is completed through a plano-concave lens I22 and a plano-convex lens II 23, polarization is performed through a polarizing film 24, plane polarized light is converted into circularly polarized light through an 1/4 wave plate 25, the light intensity of the polarized light is adjusted through an illumination mode conversion assembly 26, the polarization state of the polarized light is adjusted through a polarization state conversion assembly 27, a polarized light source suitable for searching different targets is provided for the system, and searching of different targets at night is completed. The master control system 6 sends out an operation instruction to carry out overall control on the information fusion processing subsystem 3, the detection tracking turntable subsystem 4 and the polarized illumination subsystem 5.