阅读说明：本技术 一种机载激光雷达光学扫描装置 (Airborne laser radar optical scanning device ) 是由 蒋媛 于 2019-11-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及激光雷达技术领域,公开了一种机载激光雷达光学扫描装置,本发明的扫描头机构不仅能够绕XYZ轴进行旋转扫描,而且扫描头机构也可以实现自身转动,并能够旋摆运动,可以有效的提高扫描的范围,同时,本发明扫描头在所述主轴上具有第一状态位置和第二状态位置,在所述第一状态位置时,所述扫描头能够由所述旋转驱动电机驱动绕所述Z轴转动；在所述第二状态位置时,所述扫描头能够由所述旋摆组件以一圆环形轨道旋摆运动,且所述扫描头在该圆形轨道旋摆运动时,所述扫描头的轴线与所述主轴的轴线具有一锐角的夹角,提高其扫描的不同状态的切换,便于根据实际所需扫描情况来进行状态改变式的扫描,提高扫描能力。(The invention relates to the technical field of laser radars, and discloses an airborne laser radar optical scanning device.A scanning head mechanism not only can perform rotary scanning around XYZ axes, but also can realize self rotation and can perform rotary and oscillating motion, so that the scanning range can be effectively improved, and meanwhile, the scanning head has a first state position and a second state position on a main shaft, and can be driven by a rotary driving motor to rotate around the Z axis when in the first state position; when the scanning head moves in the second state, the rotary swing component can rotate and swing around a circular track, and when the scanning head moves in the circular track in a rotary swing mode, the axis of the scanning head and the axis of the main shaft form an acute included angle, so that the scanning of different states is switched, state change type scanning is facilitated according to actual required scanning conditions, and the scanning capacity is improved.)

1. An airborne laser radar optical scanning device comprises an airborne base (2), a rotating disk mechanism (3), a lower scanning seat (4) and a scanning head mechanism (6), wherein the lower end of the airborne base (2) is connected with the rotating disk mechanism (3) which can rotate around an X axis, the bottom of the rotating disk mechanism is fixedly provided with the lower scanning seat (4), the lower scanning seat is provided with the scanning head mechanism (6) which can rotate around a Y axis, a scanning head of the scanning head mechanism (6) can rotate around a Z axis, and the X axis, the Y axis and the Z axis are arranged vertically in pairs; it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the scanning head mechanism (6) comprises an installation cylinder (18), a rotary driving motor (17), a main shaft (19), a scanning head (23) and a rotary swing component, wherein the rotary driving motor (17) is arranged at one end in the installation cylinder (18), the rotary driving motor (17) drives the main shaft to rotate, the rotary swing component is sleeved at the front end of the main shaft, the scanning head (23) is provided with a first state position and a second state position on the main shaft, and when the first state position is adopted, the scanning head (23) can be driven by the rotary driving motor (17) to rotate around the Z axis; when the scanning head moves in the second state position, the rotating and swinging assembly can rotate and swing in a circular track, and when the scanning head rotates and swings in the circular track, an acute included angle is formed between the axis of the scanning head and the axis of the main shaft.

2. An airborne lidar optical scanning apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a fixed bracket disc (27) is sleeved on a front portion of the spindle, a driving and status switching disc (25) is disposed on the spindle at a front portion of the bracket disc, a switching seat (22) is connected to a front end of the spindle through a universal ball joint (24), the driving and status switching disc (25) is slidably and non-rotatably disposed on the spindle, and the driving and status switching disc (25) is at the first status position when located at an end far from the switching seat (22), and in the first status position, the driving and status switching disc (25) is supported on the spindle and at the second status position when located at an end close to and abutting against the switching seat (22), and under the second state position, the driving and state conversion disk (25) is supported on the conversion seat (22) and can swing around the universal spherical hinge (24) along with the conversion seat, and the scanning head is installed at the end part of the driving and state conversion disk (25).

3. The airborne lidar optical scanning apparatus of claim 1, wherein the front portion of the main shaft is provided with a sliding positioning shoulder, and the sliding portion of the driving and status switching disk (25) is provided with a clamping shoulder which can be clamped on the switching seat (22).

4. An airborne lidar optical scanning apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the fixture plate (27) is provided with a positioning seat (20) on a side facing the drive and state switching plate (25), and the positioning seat is provided with the swing assembly for driving the drive and state switching plate (25) to swing down in the second state position.

5. The airborne lidar optical scanning apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the pendulum assembly comprises a plurality of varying electromagnetic blocks (20) and a plurality of cooperating magnets (28), wherein the varying electromagnetic blocks (20) are circumferentially arranged in a dense array on the positioning base (20), at least one of the cooperating magnets (28) is arranged on the driving and status switching disk (25) at a corresponding position on a side facing the positioning base (20), and the varying electromagnetic blocks (20) are controlled by the controller so as to sequentially energize and sequentially de-energize each adjacent varying electromagnetic block (20), so that the cooperating magnets (28) are sequentially attracted to each varying electromagnetic block (20) by the magnetic variation of each varying electromagnetic block, thereby realizing the rotation of the switching base around the universal ball hinge (24).

6. An airborne lidar optical scanning apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the carriage plate (27) is further provided with a motorized drive lever (26) for driving the drive and state switching plate (25) to switch between the first state position and the second state position.

7. An airborne lidar optical scanning device according to claim 4, characterized in that the rotating disc mechanism (3) comprises a drive shaft (1) and a rotating disc body, the drive shaft extends into the airborne base (2), and the drive shaft drives the rotating disc body to rotate, and the lower scanning base (4) is fixed at the bottom of the rotating disc body.

8. An onboard lidar optical scanning device according to claim 4, wherein the lower scanning base (4) is provided with a rotary drum (5) rotatably arranged on the lower scanning base (4), and the scanning head mechanism is arranged on the rotary drum (5).

9. An airborne lidar optical scanning device according to claim 8, wherein a protective collar is provided around the rotary cylinder (5) to protect it.

10. An airborne lidar optical scanning device according to claim 7, characterized in that the rotary disc is connected to a drive motor for driving the drive shaft (1) in rotation via a connecting flange.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of laser radars, in particular to an airborne laser radar optical scanning device.

Background

As a novel active multi-sensor integrated complex system, airborne laser radar optical scanning has the advantages of being fast, efficient, full-time, strong in penetrability, multiple in echo, high in data precision and the like, and is convenient for fast acquiring a high-resolution digital terrain model, so that the airborne laser radar optical scanning has unique advantages in the fields of terrain surveying and mapping, digital city modeling, forest investigation, disaster monitoring, environment monitoring and the like.

However, the conventional optical scanning device for laser radar is not stable enough when being connected with an airborne device, and is easily affected by the flying angle of the device body when flying, so that the whole scanning result is affected, and meanwhile, in the scanning process, the device is easily collided with other objects in the air, so that the scanning head is damaged, and the maintenance cost is high.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to an optical scanning device for airborne lidar, which solves the above problems.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

an airborne laser radar optical scanning device comprises an airborne base, a rotating disc mechanism, a lower scanning seat and a scanning head mechanism, wherein the lower end of the airborne base is connected with the rotating disc mechanism which can rotate around an X axis, the lower scanning seat is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the rotating disc mechanism, the scanning head mechanism which can rotate around a Y axis is arranged on the lower scanning seat, and a scanning head of the scanning head mechanism can rotate around a Z axis, wherein the X axis, the Y axis and the Z axis are arranged vertically in pairs; it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the scanning head mechanism comprises an installation cylinder, a rotary driving motor, a main shaft, a scanning head and a rotary pendulum component, wherein the rotary driving motor is arranged at one end in the installation cylinder, the rotary driving motor drives the main shaft to rotate, the rotary pendulum component is sleeved at the front end of the main shaft, the scanning head is provided with a first state position and a second state position on the main shaft, and the scanning head can be driven by the rotary driving motor to rotate around the Z axis when the first state position is reached; when the scanning head moves in the second state position, the rotating and swinging assembly can rotate and swing in a circular track, and when the scanning head rotates and swings in the circular track, an acute included angle is formed between the axis of the scanning head and the axis of the main shaft.

Further, preferably, a fixed frame disc is sleeved and connected to the front portion of the main shaft, a driving and status switching disc is arranged on the main shaft and located at the front portion of the fixed frame disc, a switching seat is connected to the front end of the main shaft through a universal ball hinge, the driving and status switching disc is slidably and non-rotatably arranged on the main shaft, the driving and status switching disc is located at a first status position when located at one end far away from the switching seat, the driving and status switching disc is supported on the main shaft at the first status position, the driving and status switching disc is located at a second status position when located at one end close to and tightly abutting against the switching seat, and the driving and status switching disc is supported on the switching seat and can swing around the universal ball hinge along with the switching seat at the second status position, the scanning head is arranged at the end part of the driving and state conversion disk.

Preferably, a sliding positioning shoulder is arranged at the front part of the main shaft, and a clamping shoulder is arranged at the sliding part of the driving and state conversion disk and can be clamped on the conversion seat.

Preferably, a positioning seat is disposed on one side of the fixing frame disc facing the driving and state converting disc, and the positioning seat is provided with the swing assembly for driving the driving and state converting disc to swing under the second state position.

Further, as an optimization, the swing assembly comprises fluctuating electromagnetic blocks and matched magnets, wherein the fluctuating electromagnetic blocks are arranged on the positioning seat in an array with dense circumferences, at least one matched magnet is arranged on a corresponding position on one side, facing the positioning seat, of the driving and state conversion disc, the fluctuating electromagnetic blocks are controlled by a controller, so that each adjacent fluctuating electromagnetic block is sequentially electrified to obtain magnetism and is sequentially powered off, the matched magnets are sequentially attracted with each fluctuating electromagnetic block through magnetic change of each fluctuating electromagnetic block, and the conversion seat swings around the universal ball hinge.

Preferably, the fixed frame disc is further provided with an electric drive lever for driving the drive and state switching disc to switch between the first state position and the second state position.

Further, as preferred, the rotary disk mechanism includes a drive shaft and a rotary disk body, the drive shaft extends into the airborne base, and the drive shaft drives the rotary disk body to rotate, and the lower scanning seat is fixed at the bottom of the rotary disk body.

Further, as a preferred option, a rotary drum is arranged on the lower scanning seat, the rotary drum is rotatably arranged on the lower scanning seat, and the scanning head mechanism is arranged on the rotary drum.

Preferably, a protective collar for protecting the rotary cylinder is wound around the rotary cylinder.

Further, preferably, the rotary disc body is connected with a driving motor for driving the driving shaft to rotate through a connecting flange.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the scanning head mechanism can not only carry out rotary scanning around XYZ axes, but also realize self rotation and can rotate and swing, so that the scanning range can be effectively improved, meanwhile, the scanning head has a first state position and a second state position on the main shaft, and the scanning head can be driven by the rotary driving motor to rotate around the Z axis when in the first state position; when the scanning head moves in the second state, the rotary swing component can rotate and swing around a circular track, and when the scanning head moves in the circular track in a rotary swing mode, the axis of the scanning head and the axis of the main shaft form an acute included angle, so that the scanning of different states is switched, state change type scanning is facilitated according to actual required scanning conditions, and the scanning capacity is improved.

2. The conversion between the first state position and the second state position is simple and convenient, the conversion can be realized quickly, and the convenience of the conversion of scanning is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an optical scanning device for an airborne lidar;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a scanning head mechanism of an airborne lidar optical scanning apparatus in a first position;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a scanning head mechanism of an airborne lidar optical scanning apparatus when the scanning head mechanism is not swung in a second state position;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a scanning head mechanism of an airborne lidar optical scanning apparatus in a second state when the scanning head mechanism is swung;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a position relationship between a driving shaft and an airborne base in an airborne lidar optical scanning apparatus;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotary drum in an airborne laser radar optical scanning device;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a variable electromagnetic block in an airborne lidar optical scanning device;

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1 to 7, in the embodiment of the present invention, an airborne laser radar optical scanning device includes an airborne base 2, a rotating disk mechanism 3, a lower scanning seat 4, and a scanning head mechanism 6, wherein the lower end of the airborne base 2 is connected to the rotating disk mechanism 3 capable of rotating around an X axis, the lower scanning seat 4 is fixedly disposed at the bottom of the rotating disk mechanism, the scanning head mechanism 6 capable of rotating around a Y axis is disposed on the lower scanning seat, and a scanning head of the scanning head mechanism 6 can rotate around a Z axis, wherein the X axis, the Y axis, and the Z axis are perpendicular to each other; the scanning head mechanism 6 is characterized by comprising an installation cylinder 18, a rotary driving motor 17, a main shaft 19, a scanning head 23 and a rotary pendulum assembly, wherein the rotary driving motor 17 is arranged at one end in the installation cylinder 18, the rotary driving motor 17 drives the main shaft to rotate, the rotary pendulum assembly is sleeved at the front end of the main shaft, the scanning head 23 is provided with a first state position and a second state position on the main shaft, and the scanning head 23 can be driven by the rotary driving motor 17 to rotate around the Z axis in the first state position; when the scanning head moves in the second state position, the rotating and swinging assembly can rotate and swing in a circular track, and when the scanning head rotates and swings in the circular track, an acute included angle is formed between the axis of the scanning head and the axis of the main shaft.

In this embodiment, a fixed frame disc 27 is sleeved and connected to the front portion of the main shaft, a driving and status switching disc 25 is disposed on the main shaft and located at the front portion of the fixed frame disc, the front end of the main shaft is connected to a switching seat 22 through a universal ball joint 24, the driving and status switching disc 25 is slidably and non-rotatably disposed on the main shaft, and the driving and status switching disc 25 is located at an end far from the switching seat 22 and is the first status position, in the first status position, the driving and status switching disc 25 is supported on the main shaft, and is the second status position when the driving and status switching disc 25 is located at an end close to and abutting against the switching seat 22, and in the second status position, the driving and status switching disc 25 is supported on the switching seat 22 and can swing around the universal ball joint 24 along with the switching seat, the scanning head is mounted at the end of the drive and state transition disk 25.

In a preferred embodiment, a sliding positioning shoulder is disposed at the front of the spindle, and a clamping shoulder is disposed at the sliding portion of the driving and status switching disk 25, and the clamping shoulder can be clamped on the switching seat 22.

Wherein, a positioning seat 20 is disposed on one side of the fixing frame disc 27 facing the driving and status converting disc 25, and the positioning seat is provided with the swing assembly for driving the driving and status converting disc 25 to swing downwards at the second status position.

The swing assembly comprises fluctuating electromagnetic blocks 20 and matching magnets 28, wherein the fluctuating electromagnetic blocks 20 are arranged on the positioning seat 20 in an array with dense circumferences, at least one matching magnet 28 is arranged on the corresponding position of one side, facing the positioning seat 20, of the driving and state conversion disc 25, the fluctuating electromagnetic blocks 20 are controlled by a controller, so that the fluctuating electromagnetic blocks 20 adjacent to each other are sequentially electrified to obtain magnetism and are sequentially powered off, the matching magnets 28 are sequentially attracted with the fluctuating electromagnetic blocks 20 through the magnetic change of the fluctuating electromagnetic blocks, and the conversion seat is swung around the universal ball hinge 24.

The fixed frame disc 27 is further provided with an electric driving lever 26 for driving the driving and state switching disc 25 to switch between the first state position and the second state position. The rotary disk mechanism 3 comprises a driving shaft 1 and a rotary disk body, the driving shaft extends into the airborne base 2, the driving shaft drives the rotary disk body to rotate, and the lower scanning seat 4 is fixed at the bottom of the rotary disk body.

A rotary drum 5 is arranged on the lower scanning seat 4, the rotary drum is rotatably arranged on the lower scanning seat 4, and the scanning head mechanism is arranged on the rotary drum 5.

And a protective ring for protecting the rotating cylinder 5 is wound on the rotating cylinder. The rotary disc body is connected with a driving motor for driving the driving shaft 1 to rotate through a connecting flange.

The scanning head mechanism can not only carry out rotary scanning around XYZ axes, but also realize self rotation and can rotate and swing, so that the scanning range can be effectively improved, meanwhile, the scanning head has a first state position and a second state position on the main shaft, and the scanning head can be driven by the rotary driving motor to rotate around the Z axis when in the first state position; when the scanning head moves in the second state, the rotary swing component can rotate and swing around a circular track, and when the scanning head moves in the circular track in a rotary swing mode, the axis of the scanning head and the axis of the main shaft form an acute included angle, so that the scanning of different states is switched, state change type scanning is facilitated according to actual required scanning conditions, and the scanning capacity is improved. The conversion between the first state position and the second state position is simple and convenient, the conversion can be realized quickly, and the convenience of the conversion of scanning is improved.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention are equivalent to or changed within the technical scope of the present invention.