阅读说明：本技术 限界测量仪、限界测量系统及测量方法 (Clearance measuring instrument, clearance measuring system and measuring method ) 是由 刘伟斌 王瑞民 李国华 甄勇 黄敏珍 孔垂云 刘洋 石岭 宁涛 乔丽 钟立民 于 2019-10-21 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及测量技术领域,公开了一种限界测量仪、限界测量系统及测量方法,该限界测量仪包括：支架、定位部件和测距仪,支架搭设在铁道轨面上,测距仪安装于支架,定位部件安装于支架,并能够抵在铁道轨面上,使得测距仪位于铁道轨面；限界测量系统包括移动设备和限界测量仪；测量方法的步骤包括：建立坐标系,测距仪测量以及测量数据的坐标转换。本发明实施例利用定位部件使得安装于支架上的测距仪位于铁道轨面,以测距仪的位置作为建立的坐标系的坐标原点,测距仪测出的测量结果,不需要重新计算即可记录在坐标系中,测量快速且准确性高,便于携带。(The invention relates to the technical field of measurement, and discloses a limit measuring instrument, a limit measuring system and a measuring method, wherein the limit measuring instrument comprises: the distance measuring device comprises a support, a positioning component and a distance measuring instrument, wherein the support is arranged on a railway track surface in an overlapping mode, the distance measuring instrument is arranged on the support, and the positioning component is arranged on the support and can be abutted against the railway track surface so that the distance measuring instrument is positioned on the railway track surface; the clearance measuring system comprises a mobile device and a clearance measuring instrument; the measuring method comprises the following steps: establishing a coordinate system, measuring by the distance measuring instrument and converting coordinates of measured data. According to the embodiment of the invention, the distance measuring instrument arranged on the bracket is positioned on the railway track surface by utilizing the positioning component, the position of the distance measuring instrument is taken as the origin of coordinates of the established coordinate system, the measuring result measured by the distance measuring instrument can be recorded in the coordinate system without recalculation, the measurement is rapid, the accuracy is high, and the carrying is convenient.)

1. A clearance gauge, comprising: the distance measuring device comprises a support, a positioning component and a distance measuring instrument, wherein the support is erected on a railway rail surface, the distance measuring instrument is installed on the support, and the positioning component is installed on the support and can be abutted against the railway rail surface, so that the distance measuring instrument is located on the railway rail surface.

2. The clearance measuring instrument according to claim 1, wherein the bracket is provided with a scale such that a zero point of the scale and the distance measuring instrument are located at a center of the railway surface, and the scale is marked from the zero point to both sides.

3. The clearance measuring instrument according to claim 2, wherein a protrusion is formed at a middle position of the bottom of the bracket, a mounting hole is formed at the protrusion, a position of the mounting hole coincides with a zero point position of the scale, and the distance measuring instrument is hinged to the mounting hole.

4. The clearance gauge of claim 3, further comprising a rotating member connected to the distance meter and hinged to the mounting hole for rotating the probe of the distance meter.

5. The clearance measuring instrument of claim 4, wherein the rotating member includes a screw and a macro knob fixed to the screw, the mounting hole has a thread adapted to the screw, the screw passes through the distance measuring instrument and is screwed into the mounting hole, and the distance measuring instrument is fixed to the macro knob, and the micro knob can rotate a probe of the distance measuring instrument.

6. The clearance measuring instrument of claim 2, wherein the positioning member comprises a bi-directional telescoping rod disposed parallel to the bracket, the telescoping portions of the bi-directional telescoping rod abutting against the inner side of the rail.

7. The clearance gauge of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the bracket is made of an insulating material and has a length of 1600 mm to 2000 mm.

8. The clearance gauge of any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the scale extends from the zero point to both sides by at least 800 mm.

9. A clearance measuring system comprising a mobile device and a clearance measuring instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the mobile device comprising a first communication module and a coordinate system processing module, the distance measuring instrument comprising a second communication module, the first communication module being communicatively connected to the second communication module for transmitting measurement data detected by the distance measuring instrument, the coordinate system processing module being configured to convert the measurement data detected by the distance measuring instrument into data of a rail plane coordinate system.

10. A method of measuring a clearance measurement system according to claim 9, comprising:

establishing a geodetic coordinate system XOY and a rail surface coordinate system X 'OY': the distance measuring instrument is used as a coordinate origin O of a geodetic coordinate system and a rail surface coordinate system, the positive direction of X 'is the direction of a connecting line passing through the coordinate origin O and a steel rail on the right side of the coordinate origin O, and the positive direction of Y' is the upward direction perpendicular to the plane of the top surface of the steel rail passing through the coordinate origin; the positive direction of X is parallel to the right direction of the earth through the origin of coordinates, and the positive direction of Y is perpendicular to the upward direction of the earth through the origin of coordinates;

adjusting a distance meter to face a target to be measured, measuring the horizontal distance and the vertical distance between the target to be measured and the distance meter, and recording the distances in the geodetic coordinate system XOY;

converting, by the coordinate system processing module of the mobile device, coordinates in the geodetic coordinate system XOY in combination with the line base information into coordinates in a rail plane coordinate system X 'OY'.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of measurement, in particular to a limit measuring instrument, a limit measuring system and a limit measuring method.

Background

The railway building clearance is key basic data for guaranteeing the safe transportation of railway goods. The traditional limit data measuring tool mainly comprises a tape measure, a steel rule and a laser range finder, adopts a manual measuring method, cannot ensure the precision of measured data, is complex in measuring process, can be completed by cooperation of multiple persons, and is low in working efficiency.

In recent years, domestic experts and scholars successively propose that a laser range finder is adopted to assist a measuring trolley and a measuring platform to carry out limit measurement, but the method does not clearly establish a measuring coordinate system. And measuring the limit data by adopting two coordinate systems based on the earth and the rail surface respectively, converting the measurement result by a formula, and finally obtaining the building limit data based on the rail surface coordinate system. The existing method does not describe the coordinate origin of a measurement coordinate system, although the measurement based on a geodetic coordinate system is satisfied, the measurement based on a rail surface coordinate system cannot be satisfied, the measurement result needs to be converted into a specified coordinate system, and a certain error exists in the conversion process. The distance measuring device based on the measuring trolley is developed in domestic scientific research institutions and colleges, some notebook computers and the measuring device are integrated, some gradienters are additionally arranged as measuring platforms, and therefore on one hand, measuring tools are too large and heavy, long-distance carrying is not facilitated, and on the other hand, unnecessary production cost is increased.

The existing measuring tools in China mostly adopt a measuring method based on a geodetic coordinate system, the establishment of the measuring coordinate system and the selection of the origin of coordinates are not described in detail. In practical applications of the limit data, ultimately required is the limit data based on the rail surface coordinate system, and particularly on curved lines, the measurement data based on the geodetic coordinate system needs to be converted into data based on the rail surface coordinate system (factors such as the height of the steel rail, the radius of the curve, the height of the outer rail and the like need to be considered), and the data conversion result may be wrong without specifying the measurement coordinate system and the coordinate origin.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

An embodiment of the present invention provides a limit measuring instrument, a limit measuring system and a measuring method, so as to solve at least one of the technical problems in the prior art that the establishment of an origin of a measured coordinate system is ambiguous, which results in a large error during the transformation of the coordinate system.

(II) technical scheme

In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides a limit measuring instrument, including: the distance measuring device comprises a support, a positioning component and a distance measuring instrument, wherein the support is erected on a railway rail surface, the distance measuring instrument is installed on the support, and the positioning component is installed on the support and can be abutted against the railway rail surface, so that the distance measuring instrument is located on the railway rail surface.

The scale is arranged on the support, so that the zero point of the scale and the distance meter are both positioned in the center of the railway track surface, and the scale is marked from the zero point to two sides.

The range finder is hinged to the mounting hole.

The range finder comprises a range finder body and a rotating part, wherein the rotating part is connected with the range finder body and hinged to the mounting hole and used for driving a probe of the range finder body to rotate.

The rotating part comprises a screw and a micro-distance knob fixed on the screw, threads matched with the screw are arranged in the mounting hole, the screw penetrates through the distance meter and is screwed into the mounting hole, the distance meter is fixed with the micro-distance knob, and the micro-distance knob can drive a probe of the distance meter to rotate.

The positioning component comprises a bidirectional telescopic rod, the bidirectional telescopic rod is arranged in parallel with the support, and the telescopic part of the bidirectional telescopic rod is respectively abutted against the inner side face of the rail.

Wherein, the support is made of insulating materials, and the length is 1600 mm-2000 mm.

Wherein the scale extends at least 800 mm from the zero point to both sides.

The invention also discloses a clearance measuring system, which comprises mobile equipment and the clearance measuring instrument, wherein the mobile equipment comprises a first communication module and a coordinate system processing module, the distance measuring instrument comprises a second communication module, the first communication module is in communication connection with the second communication module and is used for transmitting the measuring data detected by the distance measuring instrument, and the coordinate system processing module is used for converting the measuring data detected by the distance measuring instrument into data of a rail surface coordinate system.

The invention also includes a method of measuring a clearance measurement system of the invention, comprising:

establishing a geodetic coordinate system XOY and a rail surface coordinate system X 'OY': the distance measuring instrument is used as a coordinate origin O of a geodetic coordinate system and a rail surface coordinate system, the positive direction of X 'is the direction of a connecting line passing through the coordinate origin O and a steel rail on the right side of the coordinate origin O, and the positive direction of Y' is the upward direction perpendicular to the plane of the top surface of the steel rail passing through the coordinate origin; the positive direction of X is parallel to the right direction of the earth through the origin of coordinates, and the positive direction of Y is perpendicular to the upward direction of the earth through the origin of coordinates;

adjusting a distance meter to face a target to be measured, measuring the horizontal distance and the vertical distance between the target to be measured and the distance meter, and recording the distances in the geodetic coordinate system XOY;

converting, by the coordinate system processing module of the mobile device, coordinates in the geodetic coordinate system XOY in combination with the line base information into coordinates in a rail plane coordinate system X 'OY'.

(III) advantageous effects

According to the clearance measuring instrument, the clearance measuring system and the clearance measuring method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the distance measuring instrument arranged on the bracket is positioned on the railway track surface by utilizing the positioning component, the position of the distance measuring instrument is taken as the origin of coordinates of the established coordinate system, the measuring result measured by the distance measuring instrument can be recorded in the coordinate system without recalculation, and the measurement is rapid, high in accuracy and convenient to carry.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a clearance measuring instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of establishing a geodetic coordinate system and a rail plane coordinate system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

1: a support; 2: a positioning member; 3: a range finder; 4: steel rail: 5: and (3) calibration: 6: a rotating member; 7: a mobile device.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a limit measuring instrument, including: the distance measuring device comprises a support 1, a positioning component 2 and a distance measuring instrument 3, wherein the support 1 is erected on a railway track surface, the distance measuring instrument 3 is installed on the support 1, and the positioning component 2 is installed on the support 1 and can be abutted against the railway track surface, so that the distance measuring instrument 3 is located on the railway track surface.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, the distance meter 3 is mounted on the carriage 1, and the positioning member 2 positions the distance meter 3 on the surface of the railway rail, and preferably, the distance meter 3 is positioned at the center of the surface of the railway rail. The centre of the rail face refers to the midpoint of the line between the two parallel rails 4 of a rail. And establishing a corresponding coordinate system by taking the position of the distance measuring instrument 3 as the coordinate origin of the geodetic coordinate system and the rail surface coordinate system.

The positioning part 2 is used for moving the positions of the bracket 1 and the distance measuring instrument 3, so that the position of the distance measuring instrument 3 is always kept at the midpoint of a connecting line between the two parallel steel rails 5.

The support 1 is erected on a railway track surface and used as a supporting component of the positioning component 2 and the distance measuring instrument 3, and the distance measuring instrument 3 is guaranteed to be stably placed.

The distance meter 3 in this embodiment may be a laser distance meter, and since a gravity-based angle sensor is integrated in a general laser distance meter, the measured data is the horizontal distance, the vertical distance, and the linear distance of the target to be measured in the geodetic coordinate system. The laser range finder can adopt a handheld laser range finder, a cloud service laser range finder or a telescope type laser range finder and the like. Preferably, the cloud service laser range finder is adopted, and the measured data on the laser range finder can be transmitted to a mobile terminal such as a mobile phone and a tablet personal computer in real time through Bluetooth; can be with data transmission to high in the clouds server through wifi networking, at the real-time shared measured data of long-range construction partner. This embodiment adopts laser range finder to carry out non-contact measurement, and operating personnel reads measured data through mobile terminal, keeps away from the rail, greatly reduced personal safety risk.

According to the clearance measuring instrument, the clearance measuring system and the clearance measuring method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the distance measuring instrument arranged on the support is positioned on the railway track surface by utilizing the positioning component, the position of the distance measuring instrument is taken as the origin of coordinates of the established coordinate system, the measuring result measured by the distance measuring instrument can be recorded in the coordinate system without recalculation, the measurement is quick, the accuracy is high, the carrying is convenient, the requirement of measuring the clearance of buildings of multiple specialties such as railway engineering, electric service, power supply, building construction, communication and freight transportation is met, and all-weather measurement can be carried out on equipment such as tunnels, bridges, signal machines, platforms, rain sheds, power pillars and contact networks. Meanwhile, the limit measurement of buildings on two sides of a railway straight line and a curve line is met respectively, and the method has wide application prospect.

Wherein, be equipped with scale 5 on the support 1 for the zero point of scale 5 and distancer 3 all are located the center of railway track face, and scale 5 is from zero point to both sides mark. In this embodiment, the bracket 1 is marked with a scale 5, and an operator can verify whether the distance measuring instrument 3 is positioned at the center of the rail surface by reading the number on the scale 5. Specifically, the zero point of the scale 5 in this embodiment is located in the middle, and the scale 5 extends to both sides for marking, and under the condition that the numerical values of the scales 5 of the two rails 4 are ensured to be the same, that is, the zero point of the scale 5 is considered to be located in the center of the rail surface, and at this time, the distance measuring instrument 3 is also located in the center of the rail surface.

Further, a protruding portion is formed in the middle of the bottom of the support 1, a mounting hole is formed in the protruding portion, the position of the mounting hole coincides with the zero point position of the scale 5, and the distance meter 3 is hinged to the mounting hole. The range finder 3 in this embodiment is rotatably installed in the mounting hole for the probe of range finder 3 can rotate, fixes a position the target that awaits measuring. The position of the mounting hole is at the zero point of the scale 5, namely the center position of the railway track surface, and the mounting position of the distance measuring instrument 3 is ensured at the zero point of the coordinate system.

Wherein, still include rotary part 6, rotary part 6 is connected and articulates in the mounting hole with distancer 3 for it is rotatory to drive the probe of distancer 3. The rotating part 6 can adopt a knob, a crank connecting rod or a ball screw and other structures to realize the probe rotation of the distance measuring instrument 3. Preferably, rotary part 6 includes the screw rod and fixes the microspur knob on the screw rod, is equipped with the screw thread with screw rod looks adaptation in the mounting hole, and the screw rod passes distancer 3 and twists in the mounting hole, and distancer 3 is fixed with the microspur knob, and the microspur knob can drive the probe rotation of distancer 3. In this embodiment, the probe rotation angle of the distance measuring instrument 3 is controlled by using the microspur knob, so that the target to be measured can be rapidly and accurately positioned.

The positioning part 2 comprises a bidirectional telescopic rod, the bidirectional telescopic rod is arranged in parallel with the support 1, and the telescopic parts of the bidirectional telescopic rod are respectively abutted against the inner side face of the rail. The two-way telescopic rod in the embodiment is used for driving the bracket 1 and adjusting the distance measuring instrument 3 to the central position of the railway track surface. In the embodiment, a push rod which can be synchronously stretched in two directions can be adopted, when the handle is pulled, the push rod is pushed out to two sides simultaneously, and the distance measuring instrument is ensured to be positioned in the center of a railway track surface. Can also adopt the flexible electric putter of a two-way synchronization among the chinese patent, including motor outer tube and push rod mechanism, motor outer tube middle part is equipped with two axle motors, two axle motor both ends all are equipped with synchromesh gear case, thereby synchromesh gear case is connected with push rod mechanism and drives the synchronous flexible of push rod mechanism at two axle motor both ends, this electric putter's mid point is corresponding with the zero point of scale, two pars contractilis of two-way telescopic pole are the same, and support respectively in the medial surface of rail, it can accurately guarantee that the flexible volume of push rod to both sides is unanimous, and then ensure that the distancer is located the center of railway rail face, reduce the time of artifical adjustment support and distancer position, it is high to measure the accuracy. In addition, the end part of the telescopic rod can be contacted with the inner side of the steel rail through a spring.

Wherein, the bracket 1 is made of insulating materials and has a length of 1600 mm-2000 mm. Because the distance between the steel rails 4 is 1435 mm, the bracket 1 in the embodiment is slightly larger than the distance between the steel rails 4, so that the bracket can be lapped on the steel rails 4; the bracket 1 can be made of insulating light materials such as bakelite plates, diphenyl ether plates, organic silicon plates and the like, is preferably made of plastic steel materials, has light weight and high strength, does not influence a steel rail circuit, meets the all-weather use requirement, and is convenient to carry in a long distance.

Wherein the scale 5 extends at least 800 mm from the zero point to both sides. In particular, since the length of the support 1 is at least 1600 mm, the left and right scales from the zero point can be marked at least up to 800 mm, the scale 5 being in the minimum unit of mm, each 10 mm being marked with a number.

The embodiment of the invention also discloses a clearance measuring system which comprises a mobile device 7 and the clearance measuring instrument, wherein the mobile device 7 comprises a first communication module and a coordinate system processing module, the distance measuring instrument 3 comprises a second communication module, the first communication module is in communication connection with the second communication module and is used for transmitting the measuring data detected by the distance measuring instrument 3, and the coordinate system processing module is used for converting the measuring data detected by the distance measuring instrument into the data of a rail surface coordinate system.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, the line basic information is entered in the mobile device 7, for example: the curve radius and the outer rail are ultrahigh, and the data measured by the distance meter are coordinates of a geodetic coordinate system, so that limit data based on a rail surface coordinate system can be calculated by combining the coordinates of the geodetic coordinate system with line basic information, an xml format data file is generated, the limit data file is seamlessly connected with an existing limit management information system, the workload of manual entry is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved.

The embodiment of the invention also discloses a measuring method, which comprises the following steps:

as shown in fig. 2, a geodetic coordinate system XOY and a rail-plane coordinate system X 'OY' are established: the distance measuring instrument 3 is used as a coordinate origin O of a geodetic coordinate system and a rail surface coordinate system, the positive direction of X 'is the direction of a connecting line passing through the coordinate origin O and a right steel rail 7 thereof, and the positive direction of Y' is the upward direction perpendicular to the plane of the top surface of the steel rail passing through the coordinate origin; the positive direction of X is parallel to the right direction of the earth through the origin of coordinates, and the positive direction of Y is perpendicular to the upward direction of the earth through the origin of coordinates;

adjusting the distance meter 3 to face the target to be measured, measuring the horizontal distance and the vertical distance between the target to be measured and the distance meter 3, and recording the distances in the geodetic coordinate system XOY;

the coordinates in the geodetic coordinate system XOY in combination with the route base information are converted into coordinates in the rail-plane coordinate system X 'OY' by the coordinate system processing module of the mobile device 7.

The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.