阅读说明：本技术 一种农业机械自动转向装置 (Automatic steering device of agricultural machine ) 是由 杜娟 印祥 金诚谦 于明群 王宪良 陈玉龙 倪有亮 于 2019-10-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种农业机械自动转向装置,与农业机械的转向桥连接,包括：数据获取单元,用于获取农业机械数据信息；所述农业机械数据信息包括农业机械的实际转向角度值、行驶位置和行驶方向；驱动单元,用于提供转动扭矩；转向单元,分别与所述驱动单元和所述转向桥连接,用于将所述转动扭矩传递给所述转向桥；控制单元,与所述数据获取单元和所述驱动单元连接,用于根据所述农业机械数据信息得到转向角度值,根据所述转向角度值控制所述驱动单元。本发明结构简单、可以适用于具有不同的转向角度范围的农业机械,且效率高,操作简单。(The invention discloses an automatic steering device of agricultural machinery, which is connected with a steering axle of the agricultural machinery, and comprises: the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring agricultural machine data information; the agricultural machine data information comprises an actual steering angle value, a driving position and a driving direction of the agricultural machine; a driving unit for providing a rotational torque; the steering unit is respectively connected with the driving unit and the steering axle and is used for transmitting the rotating torque to the steering axle; and the control unit is connected with the data acquisition unit and the driving unit and used for obtaining a steering angle value according to the agricultural machine data information and controlling the driving unit according to the steering angle value. The invention has simple structure, high efficiency and simple operation, and can be suitable for agricultural machinery with different steering angle ranges.)

1. The utility model provides an agricultural machine automatic steering device, is connected with agricultural machine's steering axle which characterized in that includes:

the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring agricultural machine data information; the agricultural machine data information comprises an actual steering angle value, a driving position and a driving direction of the agricultural machine;

a driving unit for providing a rotational torque;

the steering unit is respectively connected with the driving unit and the steering axle and is used for transmitting the rotating torque to the steering axle;

and the control unit is respectively connected with the data acquisition unit and the driving unit and is used for obtaining a steering angle value according to the agricultural machine data information and controlling the driving unit according to the steering angle value.

2. An agricultural machine automatic steering device according to claim 1, wherein the data acquisition unit includes:

the angle sensor is respectively connected with a steering knuckle arm in the steering axle and the control unit and is used for acquiring an actual steering angle value of the agricultural machine and sending the actual steering angle value to the control unit;

and the antenna subunit is connected with the control unit and used for acquiring the running position and the running direction of the agricultural machine, the control unit obtains an expected angle value according to the running position and the running direction, and the actual steering angle value and the expected angle value are subjected to difference to obtain the steering angle value.

3. An agricultural machine automatic steering device according to claim 1, wherein the steering unit includes:

the steering shaft penetrates through the whole steering unit, extends to the driving unit, is connected with the steering axle and is used for transmitting the rotating torque to the steering axle;

the torque limiting type coupling is connected with the driving unit through the steering shaft and used for limiting the rotating torque so that the actual steering angle value is within a set range;

and the steering column is sleeved outside the steering shaft and is respectively connected with the torque limiting type coupler and the steering axle to protect the steering shaft.

4. An agricultural machine automatic steering device according to claim 3, wherein the drive unit includes:

the speed reducing motor is connected with the torque limiting type coupling through the steering shaft and the control unit, and provides the rotating torque to the steering shaft under the control of the control unit;

a steering wheel for manually controlling a steering direction;

and the connecting flange is respectively connected with the steering wheel and the steering shaft and is used for connecting the steering wheel and the steering shaft.

5. An agricultural machine automatic steering device according to claim 2, wherein the antenna subunit comprises:

the positioning antenna is connected with the control unit and used for acquiring the driving position of the agricultural machine in real time and transmitting the driving position to the control unit;

and the directional antenna is connected with the control unit and used for acquiring the driving direction of the agricultural machine in real time and transmitting the driving direction to the control unit.

6. The automatic steering device for agricultural machines according to claim 4, further comprising:

and the fixed support is fixedly connected between the speed reducing motor and the steering column and used for stabilizing the driving unit and the steering unit.

7. The automatic steering device for agricultural machines according to claim 4, further comprising:

and the motor driver is respectively connected with the reducing motor and the control unit and drives the reducing motor to rotate positively and negatively and accelerate and decelerate under the control of the control unit.

8. The automatic steering device for agricultural machinery according to claim 4, wherein the speed reduction motor is a brushless DC motor.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of automatic control of agricultural machinery, in particular to an automatic steering device of agricultural machinery.

Background

The automatic navigation is an important aspect of the intelligent development of modern agricultural machinery, the agricultural machinery equipped with the automatic navigation can automatically run along a set route with higher precision, and the higher operation quality can be ensured while the labor intensity of workers is reduced.

Automatic steering is one of important supporting technologies for realizing the running control of agricultural machinery; the automatic steering device rotates the steering wheel to a specified angle according to a steering instruction sent by the navigation system, and adjusts the running state of the agricultural machine in real time to enable the agricultural machine to run along a set route. At present, agricultural machinery at home and abroad mostly adopts a mode of connecting a hydraulic circuit in parallel and additionally installing and controlling an electromagnetic proportional valve to realize an automatic steering function, the method has higher requirements on the professional technical level of installation personnel, more parts and complex structure, time and labor are wasted in the refitting process, and the use and maintenance cost is higher. Because of the difference of the agricultural machinery steering system structure, different machines have different steering angle ranges, and the calibration and calibration process is complex and time-consuming and labor-consuming.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an automatic steering device of agricultural machinery, which has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, high efficiency and wide adaptability.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an automatic steering device for an agricultural machine, which is connected to a steering axle of the agricultural machine, and comprises:

the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring agricultural machine data information; the agricultural machine data information comprises an actual steering angle value, a driving position and a driving direction of the agricultural machine;

a driving unit for providing a rotational torque;

the steering unit is respectively connected with the driving unit and the steering axle and is used for transmitting the rotating torque to the steering axle;

and the control unit is respectively connected with the data acquisition unit and the driving unit and is used for obtaining a steering angle value according to the agricultural machine data information and controlling the driving unit according to the steering angle value.

Preferably, the data acquisition unit includes:

the angle sensor is respectively connected with a steering knuckle arm in the steering axle and the control unit and is used for acquiring an actual steering angle value of the agricultural machine and sending the actual steering angle value to the control unit;

and the antenna subunit is connected with the control unit and used for acquiring the running position and the running direction of the agricultural machine, the control unit obtains an expected angle value according to the running position and the running direction, and the actual steering angle value and the expected angle value are subjected to difference to obtain the steering angle value.

Preferably, the steering unit includes:

the steering shaft penetrates through the whole steering unit, extends to the driving unit, is connected with the steering axle and is used for transmitting the rotating torque to the steering axle;

the torque limiting type coupling is connected with the driving unit through the steering shaft and used for limiting the rotating torque so that the actual steering angle value is within a set range;

and the steering column is sleeved outside the steering shaft and is respectively connected with the torque limiting type coupler and the steering axle to protect the steering shaft.

Preferably, the driving unit includes:

the speed reducing motor is connected with the torque limiting type coupling through the steering shaft and the control unit, and provides the rotating torque to the steering shaft under the control of the control unit;

a steering wheel for manually controlling a steering direction;

and the connecting flange is respectively connected with the steering wheel and the steering shaft and is used for connecting the steering wheel and the steering shaft.

Preferably, the antenna subunit includes:

the positioning antenna is connected with the control unit and used for acquiring the driving position of the agricultural machine in real time and transmitting the driving position to the control unit;

and the directional antenna is connected with the control unit and used for acquiring the driving direction of the agricultural machine in real time and transmitting the driving direction to the control unit.

Preferably, the automatic steering device of agricultural machine further comprises:

and the fixed support is fixedly connected between the speed reducing motor and the steering column and used for stabilizing the driving unit and the steering unit.

Preferably, the automatic steering device of agricultural machine further comprises:

and the motor driver is respectively connected with the reducing motor and the control unit and drives the reducing motor to rotate positively and negatively and accelerate and decelerate under the control of the control unit.

Preferably, the reduction motor is a dc brushless motor.

According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:

according to the invention, the data information is acquired through the data acquisition unit, the control unit is used for calculating and analyzing to obtain the steering angle and controlling the driving unit to provide the rotating torque, and the rotating torque is transmitted to the steering axle of the agricultural machine through the steering unit, so that the structure is simple, the accuracy is higher, meanwhile, the invention can adapt to various agricultural machines, and the operation is simple and convenient.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a structural exploded view of an automatic steering device of an agricultural machine according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a structural connection diagram of an automatic steering device of an agricultural machine according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the operation flow of each component of the automatic steering device of agricultural machine of the present invention.

Wherein: 1-data acquisition unit, 2-drive unit, 3-steering unit, 4-control unit, 6-fixed support, 5-motor driver, 11-angle sensor, 12-antenna subunit, 21-steering wheel, 22-connecting flange, 23-speed reducing motor, 31-torque limiting type coupling, 32-steering shaft, 33-steering column, 121-positioning antenna and 122-directional antenna.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The invention aims to provide an automatic steering device of agricultural machinery, which has the advantages of simple structure, easy operation, high efficiency and wide adaptability.

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the automatic steering device for agricultural machine according to the present invention, connected to a steering axle of agricultural machine, comprises: a data acquisition unit 1, a drive unit 2, a steering unit 3 and a control unit 4.

The data acquisition unit 1 is used for acquiring an actual steering angle value, a driving position and a driving direction of the agricultural machine. The actual steering angle value of the agricultural machine, the driving position and the driving direction are defined as agricultural machine data information.

The drive unit 2 is used to provide a rotational torque.

The steering unit 3 is respectively connected with the driving unit 2 and the steering axle, and the steering unit 3 is used for transmitting the rotating torque to the steering axle.

The control unit 4 is respectively connected with the data acquisition unit and the driving unit 2, and the control unit 4 is used for obtaining a steering angle value according to the agricultural machine data information and controlling the driving unit 2 according to the steering angle value.

As an alternative embodiment, the data acquisition unit 1 of the present invention includes: an angle sensor 11 and an antenna subunit 12.

The angle sensor 11 is respectively connected with a steering knuckle arm in the steering axle and the control unit 4, and is used for acquiring an actual steering angle value of the agricultural machine and sending the actual steering angle value to the control unit 4.

In this embodiment, the angle sensor 11 and the control unit 4 are connected in a wired manner, so that the accuracy of data is ensured.

The antenna subunit 12 is connected to the control unit 4 and configured to obtain the driving position and the driving direction, and the control unit 4 obtains an expected angle value according to the driving position and the driving direction, and obtains the steering angle value by subtracting the actual steering angle value from the expected angle value.

As an alternative embodiment, the antenna subunit 12 of the present invention includes: a positioning antenna 121 and a directional antenna 122.

The positioning antenna 121 is configured to acquire the driving position in real time and transmit the driving position to the control unit 4.

The directional antenna 122 is configured to obtain the driving direction in real time and transmit the driving direction to the control unit 4.

Further, the driving unit 2 is used for providing rotation torque.

As an alternative embodiment, the drive unit 2 according to the invention comprises: a gear motor 23, a steering wheel 21 and a connecting flange 22.

The speed reducing motor 23 is connected with the torque limiting type coupling through a steering shaft 32 and is connected with the control unit 4, and the speed reducing motor 23 provides the rotating torque to the steering shaft 32 under the control of the control unit 4.

The steering wheel 21 is connected with the steering shaft 32 through the connecting flange 22 and is used for manually controlling the steering direction; the manual and automatic integration of the agricultural machine is realized, and meanwhile, the rapid and effective treatment can be carried out under special conditions.

And the steering unit 3 is respectively connected with the driving unit 2 and the steering axle and is used for transmitting the rotating torque to the steering axle.

As an alternative embodiment, the steering unit 3 of the present invention comprises: a steering shaft 32, a torque-limiting coupling 31, and a steering column 33.

The steering shaft 32 extends through the entire steering unit 3 and to the drive unit 2, and is connected to the steering axle, and the steering shaft 32 is configured to transmit the turning torque to the steering axle.

The torque-limiting coupling 31 is connected to the driving unit 2 through the steering shaft 32, and the torque-limiting coupling 31 is configured to limit the turning torque so that the actual steering angle value is within a set range.

The steering column 33 is sleeved outside the steering shaft 32 and is respectively connected with the torque limiting type coupler 31 and the steering axle, and the steering column 33 is used for protecting the steering shaft 32.

The control unit 4 is connected with the data acquisition unit 1 and the speed reduction motor 23, and is used for obtaining a steering angle value according to the agricultural machine data information and controlling the driving unit 2 according to the steering angle value.

Preferably, in order to ensure the safe operation of the device, the automatic steering device of the agricultural machine further comprises: and a bracket 6 is fixed.

The fixed bracket 6 is fixedly connected between the speed reduction motor 23 and the steering column 33 and used for stabilizing the driving unit 2 and the steering unit 3.

Further, for more intelligent control of the speed reducing motor 23, the automatic steering device of the agricultural machine further includes: a motor driver 5.

The motor driver 5 is respectively connected with the speed reducing motor 23 and the control unit 4, and the motor driver 5 drives the speed reducing motor 23 to rotate positively and negatively and accelerate and decelerate under the control of the control unit 4.

In this embodiment, the reduction motor 23 is controlled to rotate in a direction with a small angular deviation, and the rotation speed calculation formula is as follows:

ω＝K_PE_i+K_D(E_i-E_i-1)+sign(E_i)*P；

in the formula: e_iAngle steering value, K, for the i-th steering_PAnd K_DRespectively, the adjustment coefficients, sign (E)_i) P is the minimum value of the control signal when the reduction motor starts to rotate.

Preferably, the reduction motor 23 is a dc brushless motor.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1) the invention can be manually and automatically switched at any time by arranging the speed reducing motor and the steering wheel, and can also take corresponding measures aiming at emergency;

2) the invention adopts the direct current brushless motor as the power source for automatic steering, can realize convenient and rapid installation, simple control mode and excellent performance, can ensure compact structure after being additionally provided with the brushless motor, is convenient for later maintenance, and is suitable for the vast agricultural machinery;

3) the control unit disclosed by the invention has good quick response characteristic and stability, and the control program can be changed at any time so as to meet the requirements of different steering mechanisms on the response speed and the steering angle range of the system;

4) the automatic steering device of the agricultural machine disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of easiness in control, high precision, low cost and the like, can promote the development and application of automatic navigation and unmanned driving in the field of agricultural machines, and has important significance in reducing the working intensity of workers and improving the working quality.

The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.

The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are presented solely to aid in the understanding of the apparatus and its core concepts; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.