阅读说明：本技术 一种异型轧制钢丝的退火工艺 (Annealing process of special-shaped rolled steel wire ) 是由 姜敏 于 2021-07-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种异型轧制钢丝的退火工艺,涉及热处理技术领域；包括如下步骤：装炉：待处理型材经机械设备导入清洗装置；碱溶液清洗：调配碱溶液及其PH数值,轧制后的型材,通过装有碱液的槽中,在30-45°C下,经1-3分钟浸泡；酸溶液清洗：碱溶液洗后的型材,再用稀盐酸清洗2-5分钟；干燥：上述处理后的型材,经超声波震动下、无水乙醇酒精溶液清洗30-60秒,然后立即烘干或冷风吹干；加热退火：再将型材放入通有氨气的退火炉中,退火炉起始温度为20-25°C,先升温到400-500°C,再以4-6°C/分钟的升温速率将温度升到450-560°C,其中温度误差控制在±1°C。加热到450-560°C进行10-30分钟的退火；冷却：退火后的型材随炉冷却到20-40°C,取出获得表明干净的型材。(The invention discloses an annealing process of a special-shaped rolled steel wire, relating to the technical field of heat treatment; the method comprises the following steps: charging: leading the section to be treated into a cleaning device through mechanical equipment; washing with an alkali solution: preparing an alkali solution and the PH value thereof, and soaking the rolled section in a tank filled with the alkali solution at 30-45 ℃ for 1-3 minutes; acid solution cleaning: washing the section bar washed by the alkali solution for 2-5 minutes by dilute hydrochloric acid; and (3) drying: washing the treated section bar for 30-60 seconds by absolute ethyl alcohol solution under ultrasonic vibration, and then immediately drying or drying by cold wind; heating and annealing: then the section is put into an annealing furnace filled with ammonia, the initial temperature of the annealing furnace is 20-25 ℃, the temperature is firstly raised to 400-560 ℃, and then the temperature is raised to 450-560 ℃ at the temperature raising rate of 4-6 ℃ per minute, wherein the temperature error is controlled to +/-1 ℃. Heating to 450-560 ℃ for annealing for 10-30 minutes; and (3) cooling: and cooling the annealed profile to 20-40 ℃ along with the furnace, and taking out to obtain the profile with clean surface.)

1. An annealing process in a profiled steel wire rolling process is characterized by comprising the following steps:

charging: guiding the section to be treated into annealing equipment through mechanical equipment;

washing with an alkali solution: preparing an alkali solution and the PH value thereof, and soaking the rolled section for 1-3 minutes at 30-45 ℃ in a tank filled with the alkali solution;

acid solution cleaning: washing the section bar washed by the alkali solution for 2-5 minutes by dilute hydrochloric acid;

and (3) drying: washing the treated section bar for 30-60 seconds by absolute ethyl alcohol solution under ultrasonic vibration, and then immediately drying or blow-drying;

heating and annealing: the cleaned and dried section is put into an annealing furnace filled with ammonia gas and heated to the temperature of 450-560 ℃ for annealing;

and (3) cooling: and cooling the annealed section to 20-40 ℃ along with the furnace, and taking out the section which is clean and bright silver.

2. The process of annealing of the profiled steel wire rolling process according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the dilute hydrochloric acid in the step of acid solution washing is between 3% and 5%.

3. The annealing process of the profiled steel wire rolling process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the initial temperature of the annealing furnace is 20-100 ℃, the temperature is raised to 560 ℃ of 450-.

4. The process for annealing a profiled steel wire rolling process according to claim 3, characterized in that the annealing time of the heat annealing is 10-30 minutes.

5. The annealing process of the profiled steel wire rolling process according to claim 3, wherein the flow rate of the ammonia gas for the heat annealing is 120-280 ml/min.

6. Annealing process of the profiled steel wire rolling process according to claim 5, characterized in that the rate of temperature rise is 30-45 ℃/min.

7. The process of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the alkali solution is a mixture of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.

8. The annealing process of the profiled steel wire rolling process according to claim 6, wherein the pH of the lye is 9-11.6.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of heat treatment, in particular to an annealing process of a special-shaped rolled steel wire.

Background

Before 30 years, in the Japanese and American canyons (Toyota, Fute, etc.), steel oil rings were used successively to replace cast iron rings to reduce

The friction force between the oil ring and the cylinder body is reduced, and the pollutant discharge and the environmental pollution in the process of electroplating the cast iron ring are reduced. At present, the number of the current day,

the market for high quality piston rings, in particular oil rings (also called piston ring third rings) is short. Unfortunately, oil rings are produced

The required heat treatment process of the special-shaped steel wire is not over-closed, so that the problems of insufficient dimensional precision, over-large residual stress and the like of the special-shaped steel wire cannot be caused

High quality oil rings (e.g., japanese wire) are produced. At present, the development of suitable heat treatment process and equipment for the shaped steel wire is forced

The eyebrow and eyelash can be cleaned.

The raw material of the deformed steel wire is high-carbon high-chromium 6Cr13Mo martensitic stainless steel which is independently researched and developed in China and is developed from Cr13

And (5) unfolding the materials. However, the heat treatment system is not completely applicable to the shaped steel wire for oil rings. The reasons are: 1) and Cr13 series

Compared with the prior art, the Mo element is added; 2) the minimum working allowance of the rolled section is 0.7mm, and the heat treatment of the rolled section needs to be controlled

Deformation, otherwise, machining cannot be carried out; 3) the small-sized crystal grains of the rolled section are easy to grow at high temperature, thereby reducing the mechanics

Performance; 4) most of the existing high-temperature heating equipment are pit furnaces or box furnaces, and local deformation caused by uneven heating is easy to occur

Too large, 6Cr13Mo is mostly used for bearings, spring steel, medical scalpels and the like, and has no corresponding foreign brands. From Germany

x65Cr13 was close to this, but the carbon content was too high and Mo was not contained. Thus, foreign heat treatment processes are also only referenced.

Considering that the 6Cr13Mo profiled steel wire (the thinnest part is 0.3mm, the thickest part is 2.5 mm) is composed of steel wires with the diameter of 3.5mm

Is obtained by rolling. The heat treatment process of the 6Cr13Mo deformed steel wire with small size (the effective thickness is less than 5 mm) is not reported after the knowledge of net and patent search. The reason is that: for the small-diameter 6Cr13Mo steel wire used as the raw material of the oil ring special-shaped steel wire, because the consumption is less in the initial stage of the test, a plurality of large-sized steel enterprises are unwilling to produce, and the steel wire produced by small steel mills is unstable, the research and development progress is slower, along with the national emphasis on environmental protection and the implementation of the national VI standard of vehicle emission, the electroplating of the cast iron piston ring can cause serious pollution, and the steel piston ring replaces the cast iron piston ring, which is a necessary trend in the development of the engine piston ring. The heat treatment process is more environment-friendly, energy-saving and efficient. For domestic 6Cr13Mo, it is urgent to determine the heat treatment process parameters and establish high-temperature continuous heat treatment equipment for steel oil ring profiled wires, which promotes the development of high-quality oil rings and fills the gap in the direction in China.

At present, the piston ring section bar needs a plurality of times to finish the forming of the section bar in the rolling process. However, annealing is required between rolling passes, so that the hardness is reduced, the residual stress is reduced, and the smooth rolling of subsequent passes is ensured. In practice, it was found that

After the treatment of the existing annealing process parameters, the surface of the section still has the defects of hard oxide skin and the like, and the continuous rolling is severely restricted. Eyes of a user

The former method is that the defective part is manually polished, and local unevenness is found in the sample processing process after polishing

And the size of the final section bar cannot reach the precision. The primary reason is analyzed to be that the section bar after the first rolling is lubricated

The oil, in the heated state, produces harder oxides which are intimately associated with the matrix, resulting in subsequent roll-forming

It is difficult to accomplish smoothly. The annealing between rolling passes is a necessary condition for preparing high-quality 6Cr13Mo deformed steel wires. According to the present

The annealing process of (2) finds that the final plate has good formability, but has high hardness and is difficult to punch and machine. An effective solution to the problems in the related art has not been proposed yet.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an annealing process of a special-shaped rolled steel wire, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

an annealing process of a special-shaped rolled steel wire comprises the following steps:

charging: leading the section to be treated into a cleaning device through mechanical equipment;

washing with an alkali solution:

preparing alkaline solution and its PH value, rolling the shaped material, passing it through a tank containing alkaline solution at 30-45 deg.C

Soaking for 1-3 minutes;

acid solution cleaning: washing the section bar washed by the alkali solution for 2-5 minutes by dilute hydrochloric acid;

and (3) drying: washing the treated section bar with absolute ethyl alcohol solution for 30-60 seconds under ultrasonic vibration, and then

Drying immediately or drying by cold wind;

heating and annealing: then the section is put into an annealing furnace filled with ammonia gas and heated to the temperature of 450 ℃ and 560 ℃ for annealing;

and (3) cooling: and cooling the annealed section to 20-40 ℃ along with the furnace, and taking out to obtain a clean and silver bright section.

As a further scheme of the invention: the concentration of the dilute hydrochloric acid in the step of washing the acid solution is between 3 and 5 percent.

As a still further scheme of the invention: the atmosphere of the annealing furnace is ammonia gas, the initial temperature is 20-25 ℃, the temperature is firstly raised to 400-560 ℃, and then the temperature is raised to 450-560 ℃ at the temperature raising rate of 4-6 ℃ per minute, wherein the temperature error is controlled to +/-1 ℃.

As a still further scheme of the invention: the annealing time of the heating annealing is 10-30 minutes.

As a still further scheme of the invention: the alkali liquor is a mixed liquor of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.

As a still further scheme of the invention: the pH value of the alkali liquor is 9-11.6.

As a still further scheme of the invention: the heating rate from 20-25 ℃ to 400-500 ℃ is 30-45 ℃ per minute.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention overcomes the defects of the prior art, can improve the annealing quality of the section, refine the texture, evenly form powder and the texture, and the like, has stable annealing, smooth surface and stable hardness, can be suitable for continuous production, can be applied to improve the unqualified texture of the raw material, and can realize online operation and improve the production efficiency and stability compared with the original manual grinding process.

Drawings

Figure 1 shows the rolled profile.

Figure 2 shows the annealed profile obtained in example 3.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments.

In the embodiment of the invention, the annealing process of the special-shaped steel wire rolling process comprises the following steps

The method comprises the following steps:

charging, alkali solution cleaning, acid solution cleaning, drying, heating annealing and cooling, and the method comprises the following specific steps:

charging: guiding the rolled section into annealing equipment through mechanical equipment, wherein the rolling speed is based on the rolling speed;

washing with an alkali solution: preparing an alkali solution and the PH value thereof, and soaking the rolled section in a tank filled with the alkali solution at 30-45 ℃ for 1-3 minutes;

acid solution cleaning: washing the section bar washed by the alkali solution for 2-5 minutes by dilute hydrochloric acid;

and (3) drying: washing the treated section bar for 30-60 seconds by using an absolute ethyl alcohol solution under ultrasonic vibration, and then immediately drying or drying by using cold air;

heating and annealing: then the section is put into an annealing furnace filled with ammonia gas and heated to the temperature of 450 ℃ and 560 ℃ for annealing;

and (3) cooling: and cooling the annealed section to 20-40 ℃ along with the furnace, and taking out to obtain the section with a clean surface.

The concentration (mass percentage) of the dilute hydrochloric acid in the step of washing by the acid solution is 3-5%.

The atmosphere of the annealing furnace is ammonia gas, the initial temperature is 20-25 ℃, the temperature is firstly raised to 400-550 ℃, and then the temperature is raised to 450-550 ℃ at the temperature raising rate of 4-6 ℃ per minute, wherein the temperature error is controlled to +/-1 ℃.

The annealing time of the heating annealing is 10-30 minutes.

The alkali liquor is a mixed liquor of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.

The pH value of the alkali liquor is 9-11.6.

The flow rate of the ammonia gas is 120-280 ml/min

The heating rate from 20-25 ℃ to 400-500 ℃ is 30-45 ℃ per minute.

Example 1:

charging: guiding the rolled section with the sectional area of 6 square millimeters into a cleaning device through mechanical equipment;

washing with an alkali solution: preparing an alkali solution and leading the pH value of the alkali solution to be 11.6, guiding the rolled section bar into a groove filled with the alkali solution, and soaking for 1 minute at the temperature of 45 ℃;

acid solution cleaning: washing the section bar washed by the alkali solution for 2 minutes by using dilute hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 5 percent;

and (3) drying: ultrasonically cleaning the treated section in an absolute ethyl alcohol solution (99%) for 30 seconds, and immediately drying the section by cold wind;

heating and annealing: then putting the section into an annealing furnace with the flow rate of ammonia gas being 120 ml/min, wherein the initial temperature of the annealing furnace is 25 ℃, heating to 400 ℃ at the heating rate of 30 ℃ per minute, heating to 450 ℃ at the heating rate of 4 ℃ per minute, and annealing for 30 minutes; wherein the temperature error is controlled to be +/-1 ℃.

And (3) cooling: and cooling the annealed section to 40 ℃ along with the furnace, and taking out to obtain the section with a clean and gray surface.

Example 2:

charging: guiding the rolled section with the sectional area of 6 square millimeters into a cleaning device through mechanical equipment;

washing with an alkali solution: preparing an alkali solution and adjusting the pH value of the alkali solution to 9.0, guiding the rolled section into a tank filled with the alkali solution, and soaking for 3 minutes at the temperature of 30 ℃;

acid solution cleaning: washing the section bar washed by the alkali solution for 5 minutes by using dilute hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 3 percent;

drying: ultrasonically cleaning the treated section in an absolute ethyl alcohol solution (99%) for 60 seconds, and then immediately drying;

heating and annealing: then the section bar is put into an annealing furnace with the flow rate of ammonia gas of 280 ml/min, and the initial temperature of the annealing furnace

At 20 ℃, the temperature is increased to 450 ℃ at the temperature increase rate of 45 ℃ per minute, and then is increased to 450 ℃ at the temperature increase rate of 6 ℃ per minute

560 ℃, annealing time of 10 minutes; wherein the temperature error is controlled to be +/-1 ℃.

And (3) cooling: and cooling the annealed section to 20 ℃ along with the furnace, and taking out to obtain the section with a clean and gray surface.

Example 3:

charging: guiding the rolled section with the sectional area of 6 square millimeters into a cleaning device through mechanical equipment;

washing with an alkali solution: preparing an alkali solution and adjusting the pH value of the alkali solution to 10.2, introducing the rolled section into a tank filled with the alkali solution, and soaking for 4 minutes at 35 ℃;

acid solution cleaning: washing the section bar washed by the alkali solution for 4 minutes by using dilute hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 4 percent;

and (3) drying: ultrasonically cleaning the treated section in an absolute ethyl alcohol solution (99%) for 45 seconds, and immediately drying the section by cold wind;

heating and annealing: then putting the section into an annealing furnace with ammonia gas flowing speed of 200 ml/min, wherein the initial temperature of the annealing furnace is 22 ℃, heating to 440 ℃ at the heating rate of 40 ℃ per minute, then heating to 540 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃ per minute, and the annealing time is 15 minutes; wherein the temperature error is controlled to be +/-1 ℃.

And (3) cooling: and cooling the annealed section to 25 ℃ along with the furnace, and taking out to obtain the section with a clean and bright silver surface.

Comparative example 1:

charging: guiding the rolled section with the sectional area of 6 square millimeters into a cleaning device through mechanical equipment;

washing with an alkali solution: preparing an alkali solution and adjusting the pH value of the alkali solution to 10.2, introducing the rolled section into a tank filled with the alkali solution, and soaking for 4 minutes at 35 ℃;

acid solution cleaning: washing the section bar washed by the alkali solution for 4 minutes by using dilute hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 4 percent;

and (3) drying: ultrasonically cleaning the treated section in an absolute ethyl alcohol solution (99%) for 45 seconds, and immediately drying the section by cold wind;

heating and annealing: then putting the section into an annealing furnace in an atmospheric atmosphere, wherein the initial temperature of the annealing furnace is 22 ℃, the temperature is increased to 440 ℃ at the heating rate of 40 ℃ per minute, then the temperature is increased to 540 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃ per minute, and the annealing time is 15 minutes; wherein the temperature error is controlled to be +/-1 ℃.

And (3) cooling: and cooling the annealed section to 25 ℃ along with the furnace, and taking out to obtain the section with a clean and gray black surface.

Comparative example 2:

charging: guiding the rolled section with the sectional area of 6 square millimeters into a cleaning device through mechanical equipment;

washing with an alkali solution: preparing an alkali solution and adjusting the pH value of the alkali solution to 10.2, introducing the rolled section into a tank filled with the alkali solution, and soaking for 4 minutes at 35 ℃;

acid solution cleaning: washing the section bar washed by the alkali solution for 4 minutes by using dilute hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 4 percent; and (3) drying: ultrasonically cleaning the treated section in an absolute ethyl alcohol solution (99%) for 45 seconds, and immediately drying the section by cold wind;

heating and annealing: then putting the section into an annealing furnace which is filled with high-purity argon (99.99%) and has the flow rate of 200 ml/min, wherein the initial temperature of the annealing furnace is 22 ℃, the temperature is increased to 440 ℃ at the temperature increase rate of 40 ℃ per minute, then the temperature is increased to 540 ℃ at the temperature increase rate of 5 ℃ per minute, and the annealing time is 15 minutes; wherein the temperature error is controlled to be +/-1 ℃.

And (3) cooling: and cooling the annealed section to 25 ℃ along with the furnace, and taking out to obtain the section with a clean and gray surface.

The section prepared by the embodiment of the invention is subjected to microhardness test, surface roughness evaluation and color observation at room temperature. The Rockwell hardness of the annealed section is tested according to GB/T230.1-2018 Metal Rockwell hardness test, and the surface roughness after annealing and the color change of the annealed section are evaluated according to GB/T1031-2009 surface roughness parameters and numerical values of product geometric technical Specifications (GPS) surface structure contour method. The above-mentioned index test was carried out for inventive examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2, and the results are shown in Table 1, wherein 9.8N was used as the load of Rockwell hardness.

Table 1 test and observation results 1 for the above test samples.

	Rockwell hardness/(N/mm)2）	Surface roughness/Ra	Surface color
				Example 1	32	1.8	Grayish bright
Example 2	28	1.7	Grayish bright
				Example 3	30	1.6	Yinliang
Comparative example 1	30	2.0	Grey black
				Comparative example 2	30	1.8	Grayish bright

In summary, the following steps: the invention provides an annealing process of a special-shaped rolled steel wire, which reduces/overcomes the defects of the prior art, can improve the annealing quality of a section bar between rolling passes, thin the structure, evenly form powder, the structure and the like, stably anneal, have smooth surface and stable hardness, can be suitable for continuous production, and can also be applied to improve the unqualified structure of raw materials.

The invention is particularly suitable for 6Cr13MoV special-shaped steel wires.

While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.