阅读说明：本技术 一种核壳结构的制备方法、核壳结构及应用 (Preparation method of core-shell structure, core-shell structure and application ) 是由 王伟 常文娟 高原 王快社 于 2021-07-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种核壳结构的制备方法、核壳结构及应用,其中,核壳结构的制备方法包括：步骤一,取石墨烯,将其分散于去离子水与乙醇的混合溶液中,得到溶液A,将溶液A进行水域超声处理后,并进行粉碎,得到溶液B；步骤二,取盐酸和硅酸钠的混合溶液得到溶液C,将溶液B进行搅拌,在搅拌过程中向溶液B中加入氨水和溶液C固化后得到溶液D；步骤三,将溶液D离心后,用去离子水和乙醇进行洗涤后得到离心产物,将离心产物进行干燥后得到核壳结构,本发明的制备方法反应过程中没有其他杂质的产生,得到的纳米SiO-(2)颗粒大小尺寸均匀,制备方法简单,易于操作。(The invention discloses a preparation method of a core-shell structure, the core-shell structure and application, wherein the preparation method of the core-shell structure comprises the following steps: step by stepTaking graphene, dispersing the graphene in a mixed solution of deionized water and ethanol to obtain a solution A, carrying out water area ultrasonic treatment on the solution A, and crushing to obtain a solution B; step two, taking a mixed solution of hydrochloric acid and sodium silicate to obtain a solution C, stirring the solution B, and adding ammonia water and the solution C into the solution B in the stirring process to obtain a solution D after solidification; step three, after the solution D is centrifuged, washing the solution D by deionized water and ethanol to obtain a centrifugal product, and drying the centrifugal product to obtain a core-shell structure 2 The size of the particles is uniform, the preparation method is simple, and the operation is easy.)

1. A method for preparing a core-shell structure, comprising:

taking graphene, dispersing the graphene in a mixed solution of deionized water and ethanol to obtain a solution A, carrying out water area ultrasonic treatment on the solution A, and crushing to obtain a solution B;

step two, taking a mixed solution of hydrochloric acid and sodium silicate to obtain a solution C, stirring the solution B, and adding ammonia water and the solution C into the solution B in the stirring process to obtain a solution D after solidification;

and step three, centrifuging the solution D, washing with deionized water and ethanol to obtain a centrifugal product, and drying the centrifugal product to obtain the core-shell structure.

2. The preparation method of the core-shell structure according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the graphene, the deionized water and the ethanol in the first step is 1: 48-60: 60-80.

3. The method for preparing a core-shell structure according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, the concentration of the solution B is 0.7% -1%.

4. The method for preparing a core-shell structure according to claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of the mixed solution of hydrochloric acid and sodium silicate, ammonia water and solution B in the second step is 1: 0.56-0.67: 1.25-1.8, magnetically stirring the mixed solution of hydrochloric acid and sodium silicate for 30-60 min to uniformly mix the mixed solution to obtain a solution C.

5. The method for preparing a core-shell structure according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, the solution A is subjected to water-area ultrasonic treatment for 30-50 min, and is crushed on a cell crusher for 90-180 min.

6. The preparation method of the core-shell structure according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the solution B is magnetically stirred at a temperature of 30-40 ℃ at a rate of 350 rad/min-450 rad/min, and after the ammonia water and the solution C are added into the solution B during stirring, the solution B is continuously magnetically stirred for 4-5 h, and the curing time is 2-3 h.

7. The core-shell structure prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 6, which comprises a graphene-based layer and silica particles deposited on the graphene-based layer, wherein the silica particles have a particle size of 180nm to 240 nm.

8. Use of the core-shell structure prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 or the core-shell structure according to claim 7 as a lubricant for preparing zirconium alloy extrusion.

9. The use of claim 8, wherein the zirconium alloy extrusion lubricant is prepared by a process comprising:

and dispersing the binder and the core-shell structure in the aqueous solution to obtain a solution E, and magnetically stirring the solution E for 30-50 min at the stirring temperature of 40-90 ℃ at the stirring speed of 900-1100 rad/min to obtain the zirconium alloy extrusion lubricant.

10. The method for preparing the zirconium alloy extrusion lubricant as claimed in claim 9, wherein the binder is aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, and the mass fraction ratio of the core-shell structure to the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate is 1: 0.27 to 0.4.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of machining lubricants, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a core-shell structure, the core-shell structure and application.

Background

The zirconium alloy has excellent nuclear performance, moderate mechanical performance and good processing performance, is an important component material of a nuclear reactor, but the high-quality zirconium material cannot be produced in large batch at present in China because of the high extrusion temperature, the high deformation resistance during extrusion and easy die sticking of the zirconium alloy. Therefore, the quality of the lubrication treatment in the extrusion process directly affects the quality of the zirconium alloy extruded pipe and the loss of the die.

Graphene (Graphene) is a novel two-dimensional nanomaterial, and carbon atoms of the Graphene are stacked in a single layer hybridized by sp2 to form a honeycomb two-dimensional atomic crystal, and the chemical form of the Graphene is similar to the surface of a carbon nano tube. The graphene has the advantages that the shearing force between the graphene sheets is small, the graphene sheets have a lower friction coefficient than that of the graphite sheets, and have excellent heat conduction performance and friction resistance. However, graphene is easily oxidized to carbon monoxide (CO) at temperatures above 400 ℃ and to carbon dioxide (CO) at temperatures above 500 ℃₂) Substantially degrading graphene above 700 ℃ to form CO₂. Therefore, the shear strength of graphene is reduced due to a severe oxidation reaction occurring at a high temperature, and the corresponding pore volume and permeability are increased. In addition, surface CO and CO₂The removal of (a) further promotes the oxidation reaction and burnout of the graphene.

Because the nano-silica has the advantages of low cost, high temperature resistance, convenient preparation and the like, and simultaneously can be used as an additive to be added into grease to improve the extreme pressure wear resistance of products, the nano-silica is widely used for improving the tribological properties of certain lubricants in the metal forming process, such as machining, drilling and the like, and the silicon dioxide and the graphene are subjected to reactionChemical method for preparing silicon dioxide and graphene (SiO)₂The @ Graphene) core-shell structure can effectively reduce the oxidation of Graphene, and (SiO)₂@ Graphene) core-shell structures can produce better synergy.

At present, the existing core-shell structure is prepared by a hydrothermal method, the method needs a high-temperature and high-pressure operation environment, the requirement on equipment is high, the hydrothermal reaction time is too long, the operation is inconvenient and unsafe, and the prepared silicon dioxide and graphene (SiO)₂The @ Graphene) core-shell structure is easy to agglomerate under high-temperature and high-pressure environments, so that silicon dioxide and Graphene (SiO)₂@ Graphene) core-shell structure multilayer stacking, thereby preparing silicon dioxide and Graphene (SiO)₂@ Graphene) core-shell structure size is great, and the zirconium alloy extrusion lubricant prepared through the method can influence frictional force in the use friction process, and the oversize is unfavorable for the reduction of frictional force and can increase frictional force on the contrary, so that the increase of friction coefficient and the lubrication effect are poor.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of a core-shell structure, the core-shell structure and application, and solves the problems in the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a method of making a core-shell structure, comprising: taking graphene, dispersing the graphene in a mixed solution of deionized water and ethanol to obtain a solution A, carrying out water area ultrasonic treatment on the solution A, and crushing to obtain a solution B; step two, taking a mixed solution of hydrochloric acid and sodium silicate to obtain a solution C, stirring the solution B, and adding ammonia water and the solution C into the solution B in the stirring process to obtain a solution D after solidification; and step three, centrifuging the solution D, washing with deionized water and ethanol to obtain a centrifugal product, and drying the centrifugal product to obtain the core-shell structure.

The mass ratio of the graphene to the deionized water to the ethanol in the first step is 1: 48-60: 60-80.

In the first step, the concentration of the solution B is 0.7% -1%.

And in the second step, the volume ratio of the mixed solution of hydrochloric acid and sodium silicate, ammonia water and the solution B is 1: 0.56-0.67: 1.25-1.8, magnetically stirring the mixed solution of hydrochloric acid and sodium silicate for 30-60 min to uniformly mix the mixed solution to obtain a solution C.

In the first step, the solution A is subjected to water area ultrasonic treatment for 30min to 50min and is crushed on a cell crusher for 90min to 180 min.

In the second step, the solution B is magnetically stirred at the temperature of 30-40 ℃ at the rate of 350 rad/min-450 rad/min, ammonia water and the solution C are added into the solution B in the stirring process, then the solution B is continuously magnetically stirred for 4-5 h, and the curing time is 2-3 h.

A core-shell structure comprises a graphene base layer and silica particles deposited on the base layer, wherein the particle size of the silica particles is 180 nm-240 nm.

An application of a core-shell structure in preparing a zirconium alloy extrusion lubricant.

The preparation process of the zirconium alloy extrusion lubricant comprises the following steps: and dispersing the binder and the core-shell structure in the aqueous solution to obtain a solution E, and magnetically stirring the solution E for 30-50 min at the stirring temperature of 40-90 ℃ at the stirring speed of 900-1100 rad/min to obtain the zirconium alloy extrusion lubricant.

The adhesive is aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, and the mass fraction ratio of the core-shell structure to the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate is 1: 0.27 to 0.4.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the invention adopts a sol-gel method to prepare silicon dioxide and graphene (SiO)₂@ Graphene) core-shell structure, the so-called core-shell structure being a nano-scale particle with Graphene (Graphene) as a core and nano-silica as a shell. On silicon dioxide and graphene (SiO)₂In the preparation process of the @ Graphene) core-shell structure material, a cell crusher is adopted to crush Graphene (Graphene), and silicon dioxide and Graphene (SiO)₂@ Graphene) core-shell structure is formed on Graphene by a sol-gel methodIn situ generation of SiO on a (Graphene) sheet₂The nano particles do not generate other impurities in the reaction process, and the obtained silicon dioxide and graphene (SiO)₂@ Graphene) SiO on the surface of the core-shell structure₂The particles are uniform in size and distribution, and the preparation method is simple and easy to operate.

(2) The zirconium alloy extrusion lubricant prepared by the invention adopts silicon dioxide and graphene (SiO)₂@ Graphene) as a lubricant base, SiO₂Attached to the surface of Graphene (Graphene), ensuring that Graphene (Graphene) is not oxidized under the high-temperature extrusion working condition, storing a large amount of Graphene, and passing through the interlayer shearing force of Graphene and SiO₂The rolling bearing effect can effectively improve the lubricating effect of the lubricant, the lubricant and a matrix material (zirconium alloy) still have good binding force at high temperature and high pressure due to the addition of the binder, the friction force in the use process is reduced, the use effect of the lubricant is further improved, the lubricant shows good high-temperature oxidation resistance, and meanwhile, the lubricant has the excellent characteristics of easiness in cleaning, environmental friendliness, simplicity in operation and the like.

The present invention will be explained in further detail with reference to examples.

Drawings

FIG. 1 shows silica and graphene (SiO) prepared according to the present invention₂@ Graphene) XRD pattern of core-shell structure;

FIG. 2 shows silica and graphene (SiO) prepared according to the present invention₂@ Graphene) schematic representation of the core-shell structure;

FIG. 3 shows silica and graphene (SiO) prepared according to the present invention₂@ Graphene) SEM micrograph of core-shell structure;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a lubricant prepared according to the present invention adhering to a zirconium alloy;

FIG. 5 is a tribological curve of a lubricant prepared according to the present invention after a high temperature friction test;

FIG. 6 is a tribological curve of the lubricant prepared in comparative example 1 after a high temperature friction test;

FIG. 7 is a tribological curve of the lubricant prepared in comparative example 2 after a high temperature friction test;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view showing that the lubricant prepared in comparative example 3 adheres to the zirconium alloy;

FIG. 9 is a tribological curve of the lubricant prepared in comparative example 3 after a high temperature friction test.

Detailed Description

The present invention is described below with reference to specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains can make several simple deductions or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and all of them should be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention.

The starting materials used in the following examples of the invention: graphene, commercially available; deionized water, commercially available; ethanol, commercially available; hydrochloric acid, commercially available; sodium silicate, commercially available.

A core-shell structure: the nano-scale particles take Graphene (Graphene) as a core and nano silicon dioxide as a shell.

Example 1

This example presents a silica and graphene (SiO)₂A method for preparing a @ Graphene) core-shell structure, comprising:

dispersing 0.25g of graphene into a mixed solution of 12ml of deionized water and 15ml of ethanol to obtain a solution A, carrying out water area ultrasound on the obtained solution A for 30min, and then crushing the solution A on a cell crusher for 90min to obtain a solution B; mixing 4ml of hydrochloric acid and 8ml of sodium silicate solution, and then magnetically stirring for 30min to uniformly mix the hydrochloric acid and the sodium silicate solution to obtain solution C; performing magnetic stirring on the solution B at the temperature of 30 ℃ at 350-rad/min, adding 8ml of ammonia water and the solution C in the magnetic stirring process, and then performing magnetic stirring for about 4 hours; solidifying for 2 hours to obtain solution D, centrifuging the solution D in a centrifuge, washing with deionized water and ethanol for 3 times, and drying the obtained centrifugal product in a freeze drying oven to obtain silicon dioxide and graphene (SiO)₂@ Graphene) core-shell structure.

The XRD pattern of the core-shell junction prepared in this example is shown in FIG. 1, and the curves at the top in FIG. 1 are silicon dioxide and graphene (SiO)₂@ Graphene) core-shell structure, located inIn the middle curve is SiO₂The bottom most curve is the XRD curve of Graphene (Graphene), and by analysis of the top most curve, silica and Graphene (SiO)₂@ Graphene) core-shell structure XRD curve and SiO₂The diffraction angle positions of the characteristic peaks are consistent and the shapes are similar, which shows that the silicon dioxide and the graphene (SiO) are prepared by a sol-gel method₂The @ Graphene) core-shell structure can only detect SiO generated on the surface of Graphene (Graphene) in situ by an XRD (X-ray diffraction) substance-based analytical detection method₂Nanoparticles, illustrative of SiO₂Graphene (Graphene) has been encapsulated to form silicon dioxide and Graphene (SiO)₂@ Graphene) core-shell structure.

FIG. 2 shows the silicon dioxide and graphene (SiO) prepared in this example₂A schematic diagram of a @ Graphene) core-shell structure, and SiO is generated in situ on the surface of a Graphene (Graphene) nanosheet layer by a sol-gel method₂Nanoparticles of SiO₂And uniformly coating Graphene (Graphene).

FIG. 3 shows the silica and graphene (SiO) prepared in this example₂The SEM electron microscope image of the @ Graphene) core-shell structure clearly shows that SiO with uniform size is generated in situ on the surface layer of Graphene (Graphene) in FIG. 3₂Spherical nanoparticles, SiO generated in situ on Graphene (Graphene) surface₂The diameter of the spherical nano-particles is in the range of 180nm to 240 nm.

Example 2:

this example presents the silica and graphene (SiO) prepared by example 1₂The preparation method for preparing the zirconium alloy extrusion lubricant with the @ Graphene) core-shell structure comprises the following steps:

uniformly mixing 0.2g of adhesive aluminum dihydrogen phosphate and 0.75g of core-shell structure, dispersing into an aqueous solution, magnetically stirring for 30min at 40 ℃ and 900rad/min to obtain the silicon dioxide and graphene (SiO)₂@ Graphene) core-shell structured zirconium alloy extrusion lubricant.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view showing that the lubricant prepared in this experimental example adheres to the zirconium alloy;

FIG. 5 is a drawing showingThe tribology curve of the lubricant prepared in this example after the high temperature friction test is stable as seen from fig. 4, and the average tribology coefficient measured by a friction machine is 0.3845, indicating that the silica and graphene (SiO) prepared in this example are₂The zirconium alloy extrusion lubricant prepared by the @ Graphene) core-shell structure has the capability of reducing friction force, can effectively reduce energy loss and improve the total production yield, has a smooth surface after extrusion forming of the zirconium alloy, ensures the quality of finished products, is easy to clean the lubricant remained on the surface, and is an environment-friendly lubricant.

Example 3:

this example presents a silica and graphene (SiO)₂A preparation method of a @ Graphene) core-shell structure, which comprises the following steps:

dispersing 0.25g of graphene into a mixed solution of 13ml of deionized water and 18ml of ethanol to obtain a solution A, carrying out water area ultrasound on the obtained solution A for 40min, and then crushing the solution A on a cell crusher for 120min to obtain a solution B; mixing 5ml of hydrochloric acid and 10ml of sodium silicate solution, and then magnetically stirring for 50min to uniformly mix the hydrochloric acid and the sodium silicate solution to obtain solution C; magnetically stirring the solution B at 35 ℃ at 400rad/min, adding 9ml of ammonia water and the solution C in the magnetic stirring process, and then magnetically stirring for about 4.5 hours; solidifying for 2.5 hours to obtain solution D, centrifuging the solution D in a centrifuge, washing with deionized water and ethanol for 3 times, and drying the obtained centrifugal product in a freeze drying oven to obtain silicon dioxide and graphene (SiO)₂@ Graphene) core-shell structure.

Silica and graphene (SiO) prepared in this example₂The XRD pattern of the @ Graphene) core-shell structure is shown in FIG. 1, and the curve at the top in FIG. 1 is silicon dioxide and Graphene (SiO)₂@ Graphene) core-shell structure, with SiO in the middle curve₂The bottom most curve is the XRD curve of Graphene (Graphene), and by analysis of the top most curve, silica and Graphene (SiO)₂@ Graphene) core-shell structure XRD curve and SiO₂The characteristic peak diffraction angle positions of (1) are consistent and the shapes are similar, tablePreparation of silica and graphene (SiO) by sol-gel method₂The @ Graphene) core-shell structure can only detect SiO generated on the surface of Graphene (Graphene) in situ by an XRD (X-ray diffraction) substance-based analytical detection method₂Nanoparticles, illustrative of SiO₂Graphene (Graphene) has been encapsulated to form silicon dioxide and Graphene (SiO)₂@ Graphene) core-shell structure.

FIG. 2 shows the silicon dioxide and graphene (SiO) prepared in this example₂A schematic diagram of a @ Graphene) core-shell structure, and SiO is generated in situ on the surface of a Graphene (Graphene) nanosheet layer by a sol-gel method₂Nanoparticles of SiO₂And uniformly coating Graphene (Graphene).

FIG. 3 shows the prepared silica and graphene (SiO) of this example₂The SEM electron microscope image of the @ Graphene) core-shell structure clearly shows that SiO with uniform size is generated in situ on the surface layer of Graphene (Graphene) in FIG. 3₂Spherical nanoparticles, SiO generated in situ on Graphene (Graphene) surface₂The diameter of the spherical nano-particles is in the range of 180nm to 240 nm.

Example 4:

this example presents silica and graphene (SiO) prepared according to example 3₂The preparation method for preparing the zirconium alloy extrusion lubricant with the @ Graphene) core-shell structure comprises the following steps:

0.25g of the binder aluminum dihydrogen phosphate was mixed with 0.75g of silica and graphene (SiO)₂Mixing and dispersing the @ Graphene) core-shell structure into an aqueous solution uniformly, and performing magnetic stirring for 40min at the temperature of 70 ℃ and the stirring speed of 1000 rad/min to obtain the product based on silicon dioxide and Graphene (SiO)₂@ Graphene) core-shell structured zirconium alloy extrusion lubricant.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view showing that the lubricant prepared in this experimental example adheres to the zirconium alloy;

FIG. 5 is a tribological curve of the lubricant prepared in this example after a high temperature friction test, and as can be seen from FIG. 4, the tribological curve of this example is smooth, and the average tribological coefficient measured by a friction machine is 0.3845, indicating that the silica prepared in this example is a silicaAnd graphene (SiO)₂The zirconium alloy extrusion lubricant prepared by the @ Graphene) core-shell structure has the capability of reducing friction force, can effectively reduce energy loss and improve the total production yield, has a smooth surface after extrusion forming of the zirconium alloy, ensures the quality of finished products, is easy to clean the lubricant remained on the surface, and is an environment-friendly lubricant.

Example 5:

this example presents a silica and graphene (SiO)₂A method for preparing a @ Graphene) core-shell structure, comprising:

dispersing 0.4g of graphene into a mixed solution of 15ml of deionized water and 20ml of ethanol to obtain a solution A, carrying out water area ultrasound on the obtained solution A for 50min, and then crushing the solution A on a cell crusher for 180min to obtain a solution B; mixing 6ml of hydrochloric acid and 12ml of sodium silicate solution, and then magnetically stirring for 60min to uniformly mix the hydrochloric acid and the sodium silicate solution to obtain solution C; magnetically stirring the solution B at 40 ℃ at 450rad/min, adding 10ml of ammonia water and the solution C in the magnetic stirring process, and then magnetically stirring for about 5 hours; solidifying for 3 hours to obtain solution D, centrifuging the solution D in a centrifuge, washing with deionized water and ethanol for 3 times, and drying the obtained centrifugal product in a freeze drying oven to obtain silicon dioxide and graphene (SiO)₂@ Graphene) core-shell structure.

Silica and graphene (SiO) prepared in this example₂The XRD pattern of the @ Graphene) core-shell structure is shown in FIG. 1, and the curve at the top in FIG. 1 is silicon dioxide and Graphene (SiO)₂@ Graphene) core-shell structure, with SiO in the middle curve₂The bottom most curve is the XRD curve of Graphene (Graphene), and by analysis of the top most curve, silica and Graphene (SiO)₂@ Graphene) core-shell structure XRD curve and SiO₂The diffraction angle positions of the characteristic peaks are consistent and the shapes are similar, which shows that the silicon dioxide and the graphene (SiO) are prepared by a sol-gel method₂The @ Graphene) core-shell structure can only detect SiO generated on the surface of Graphene (Graphene) in situ by an XRD (X-ray diffraction) substance-based analytical detection method₂Nanoparticles, illustrative of SiO₂Has already been prepared from graphiteWrapping with Graphene to form silicon dioxide and Graphene (SiO)₂@ Graphene) core-shell structure.

FIG. 2 shows the silicon dioxide and graphene (SiO) prepared in this example₂A schematic diagram of a @ Graphene) core-shell structure, and SiO is generated in situ on the surface of a Graphene (Graphene) nanosheet layer by a sol-gel method₂Nanoparticles of SiO₂And uniformly coating Graphene (Graphene).

FIG. 3 shows the prepared silica and graphene (SiO) of this example₂The SEM electron microscope image of the @ Graphene) core-shell structure clearly shows that SiO with uniform size is generated in situ on the surface layer of Graphene (Graphene) in FIG. 3₂Spherical nanoparticles, SiO generated in situ on Graphene (Graphene) surface₂The diameter of the spherical nano-particles is in the range of 180nm to 240 nm.

Example 6:

silica and graphene (SiO) prepared in this example₂The preparation method for preparing the zirconium alloy extrusion lubricant with the @ Graphene) core-shell structure comprises the following steps:

0.3g of the binder aluminum dihydrogen phosphate was mixed with 1.5g of silicon dioxide and graphene (SiO)₂Mixing and dispersing the @ Graphene) core-shell structure into an aqueous solution uniformly, and performing magnetic stirring for 50min at the temperature of 90 ℃ and the stirring speed of 1100rad/min to obtain the product based on silicon dioxide and Graphene (SiO)₂@ Graphene) zirconium alloy extrusion lubricant.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view showing that the lubricant prepared in this experimental example adheres to the zirconium alloy;

FIG. 5 is a tribology curve of the lubricant prepared in this example after a high temperature friction test, and as can be seen from FIG. 4, the tribology curve of this example is smooth, and the average tribology coefficient measured by a friction machine is 0.3845, indicating that the silica and graphene (SiO) prepared by this example₂The zirconium alloy extrusion lubricant prepared by the @ Graphene) core-shell structure has the capability of reducing friction force, can effectively reduce energy consumption and improve the total production yield, the surface of the zirconium alloy after extrusion molding is smooth, the quality of a finished product is ensured, the lubricant remaining on the surface is easy to clean,is an environment-friendly lubricant.

Comparative example 1:

comparative example 1 differs from example 1 in that comparative example 1 is an existing silica and graphene (SiO) prepared by a hydrothermal method₂The tribology curve of the zirconium alloy extrusion lubricant prepared by using the @ Graphene) core-shell structure as the raw material and subjected to the high-temperature friction experiment is shown in fig. 6, as can be seen from fig. 6, the fluctuation of the tribology curve of comparative example 1 is large and unstable, the average tribology coefficient detected by a friction machine is 0.4267, and the tribology coefficient is larger than that of example 1, which indicates that the existing silicon dioxide and Graphene (SiO) are provided₂@ Graphene) core-shell structure was weak in friction reducing ability as compared with example 2, and thus, the lubricating effect was poor.

Comparative example 2:

comparative example 2 differs from example 1 in that the amount of deionized water added in step two in the comparative example was 50ml, other conditions were maintained, and silica and graphene (SiO) prepared in the present comparative example were used₂SiO generated in situ on Graphene (Graphene) surface in @ Graphene) core-shell structure₂Nanoparticles larger, silica and graphene (SiO) prepared in this example₂The tribology curve of the zirconium alloy extrusion lubricant prepared by using the @ Graphene) core-shell structure as the raw material and subjected to the high-temperature friction experiment is shown in fig. 7, and as shown in fig. 7, it can be seen that the average tribology coefficient detected by a friction machine in the comparative example is 0.3936, which is slightly larger than that in example 2, and indicates that the existing silica and Graphene (SiO) are present₂@ Graphene) core-shell structure was weak in friction reducing ability as compared with example 2, and thus, the lubricating effect was poor.

Comparative example 3:

the difference between the comparative example 3 and the example 2 is that in the comparative example, the amount of the binder aluminum dihydrogen phosphate is 0.4g, other conditions are kept unchanged, the amount of the binder is increased to affect the quality of the coating, excessive use of the binder aluminum dihydrogen phosphate causes bubbles in the prepared zirconium alloy extrusion lubricant, severe cracks are generated after the zirconium alloy extrusion lubricant is solidified for a period of time when the zirconium alloy extrusion lubricant is coated on the surface of the alloy, as shown in fig. 8, severe cracking phenomenon is generated compared with the coating of the experimental example 1, the tribological curve of the prepared zirconium alloy extrusion lubricant based on silica and Graphene ([email protected] Graphene) after high-temperature friction experiment is performed, as shown in fig. 9, as can be seen from fig. 9, the friction coefficient fluctuation of the comparative example 3 is large, the average friction coefficient is 0.4089, the tribological coefficient is larger than that of the example 2, and the capability of the zirconium alloy extrusion lubricant for reducing the friction force is weaker than that of the example 2, therefore, the lubricating effect is poor.