阅读说明：本技术 一种三氧化二钇弥散强化铜合金的制备方法 (Preparation method of yttrium oxide dispersion strengthened copper alloy ) 是由 陈如明 姜蕻 蔡勇 于 2020-07-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种三氧化二钇弥散强化铜合金的制备方法,包括以下步骤：步骤1：按重量百分比配制Cu-Y合金；步骤2：将称量好的金属原料混合熔炼合金锭；步骤3：将合金锭破碎后放入石英管中制备Cu-Y非晶；步骤4：将合金试料熔化；步骤5：熔化后的合金试料喷射到水冷铜辊上,获得非晶态条带；步骤6：将制得的非晶条带放入真空退火炉中；步骤7：将非晶条带和Cu(99.99％)混合熔炼；步骤8：得到成品三氧化二钇弥散强化铜合金。本发明通过Cu-Y非晶中间合金的氧化,获得比重与基体Cu接近的Cu-Y2O3结合体,以此为基础直接熔炼制得了组织均匀、可控的ODS-Cu合金；同时省略了繁琐的制粉和粉料处理过程,采用直接铸造合金的方法保证了合金成分的均匀,可实用性强。(The invention discloses a preparation method of a yttrium oxide dispersion strengthened copper alloy, which comprises the following steps: step 1: preparing Cu-Y alloy according to weight percentage; step 2: mixing and smelting the weighed metal raw materials into an alloy ingot; and step 3: crushing an alloy ingot and then putting the alloy ingot into a quartz tube to prepare Cu-Y amorphous alloy; and 4, step 4: melting an alloy test material; and 5: spraying the melted alloy sample on a water-cooling copper roller to obtain an amorphous strip; step 6: putting the prepared amorphous strip into a vacuum annealing furnace; and 7: mixing and smelting the amorphous strip and Cu (99.99%); and 8: and obtaining the finished product of the yttrium oxide dispersion strengthened copper alloy. According to the invention, a Cu-Y2O3 combination with the specific gravity close to that of matrix Cu is obtained through oxidation of a Cu-Y amorphous intermediate alloy, and an ODS-Cu alloy with uniform and controllable tissues is prepared by direct smelting on the basis; meanwhile, complicated powder preparation and powder treatment processes are omitted, the uniformity of alloy components is ensured by adopting a direct alloy casting method, and the practicability is high.)

1. A preparation method of a yttrium oxide dispersion strengthened copper alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1: preparing Cu-Y alloy by using Cu (99.99%) and Y (99.9%) as metal raw materials according to weight percentage;

step 2: mixing the weighed metal raw materials, placing the mixture into a water-cooled copper crucible of a non-consumable arc melting furnace, and melting an alloy ingot under the protection of protective gas;

and step 3: crushing an alloy ingot, putting the crushed alloy ingot into a quartz tube, and preparing Cu-Y amorphous alloy by using a vacuum copper roller single-roller rotary quenching technology;

and 4, step 4: crushing a Cu-Y amorphous alloy ingot, and then putting the crushed alloy ingot into a quartz tube, and putting the quartz tube into an induction heating coil to melt an alloy test material;

and 5: spraying the melted alloy sample on a water-cooling copper roller to obtain an amorphous strip;

step 6: putting the prepared amorphous strip into a vacuum annealing furnace;

and 7: mixing the amorphous strips and Cu (99.99%) as raw materials, putting the mixture into a water-cooled copper crucible of a non-consumable arc melting furnace, and melting under the protection of protective gas;

and 8: and (3) performing cold drawing processing on the alloy obtained by smelting in the step (7) to obtain a dispersion strengthened copper alloy, and detecting to eliminate unqualified products to obtain a finished product of the yttrium oxide dispersion strengthened copper alloy.

2. The method for preparing the yttrium oxide dispersion-strengthened copper alloy according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step 1, the weight percentage of Cu is 30-40%, and the weight percentage of Y is 50-80%.

3. The method for preparing the yttrium oxide dispersion-strengthened copper alloy according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step 2, the working current of the arc melting in the non-consumable arc melting furnace is 60-150A.

4. The method for preparing the yttrium oxide dispersion-strengthened copper alloy according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step 3, the crushed alloy ingot needs to be screened by a 100-mesh sieve before being put into a quartz tube.

5. The method for preparing the yttrium oxide dispersion-strengthened copper alloy according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step 6, the annealing time of the vacuum annealing furnace is 2-4h, and the annealing temperature is 350-500 ℃.

6. The method for preparing the yttrium oxide dispersion-strengthened copper alloy according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step 2 and the step 7, the protective gas is pure argon protective gas, and the pressure value of the pure argon protective gas is 0.02-0.06 MPa.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of reinforced copper alloy, in particular to a preparation method of yttrium oxide dispersion-reinforced copper alloy.

Background

Dispersion strengthening refers to a means of strengthening a material by incorporating hard particles into a homogeneous material. Refers to a metallic material reinforced with an ultrafine second phase (reinforcing phase) insoluble in the base metal. In order to make the second phase uniformly distributed in the base metal, it is generally manufactured by a powder metallurgy method. The second phase is typically a high melting point oxide or carbide, nitride, the strengthening of which can be maintained to a higher temperature. If the compound is dispersed or granular in the solid solution grains, the strength and hardness of the alloy can be obviously improved, the plasticity and toughness are not greatly reduced, and the finer the grains are, the more the grains are dispersed and uniformly distributed, the better the strengthening effect is.

The dispersion strengthening copper alloy is a copper-based composite material with high strength and high conductivity. By adding a small amount of second phase particles, the dispersion strengthened copper improves the mechanical strength while maintaining good electric and thermal conductivity of the copper alloy. Because dispersion strengthened copper has excellent comprehensive characteristics, the dispersion strengthened copper has been widely applied in the industrial fields of automobiles, batteries, electronic packaging and the like, and is an excellent material for preparing electric welding electrodes, switch contact bridges, integrated circuit lead frames, overhead conductors and the like. By adding a small amount of second phase particles, the dispersion strengthened copper maintains good electric and thermal conductivity of the copper alloy and simultaneously improves the mechanical strength of the copper alloy. The essence of dispersion strengthening is that the even dispersion ultrafine particles are utilized to block dislocation movement so as to improve the mechanical property of the material under the high temperature condition, and the strengthening effect of the even dispersion second phase not only improves the high temperature strength and hardness of the material, but also can not obviously reduce the conductivity of the alloy, so that the material has good comprehensive performance.

The traditional oxidation method for preparing the ODS-Cu alloy has a mature process, but has the defects of complex process, long period, more influencing factors, difficulty in accurately controlling the product quality and the like. On the other hand, because the room temperature strength of the Cu-Al2O3 type ODS-Cu is low and the room temperature plasticity is insufficient, the large-scale production is difficult to realize and increasingly severe service performance requirements are met.

Rare earth oxides represented by Y2O3 are suitable as a strengthening phase to prepare a novel high-strength and high-conductivity ODS-Cu alloy. First, the fluorite-like Y2O3 particles are stable at high temperatures, as are the spinel-structured Al2O3 particles; secondly, Y2O3 with a fluorite-like structure and a Cu matrix can form a coherent interface, and the cutting mechanism which cannot be generated by Al2O3 particles with a spinel structure is strengthened to generate a strengthening effect similar to a coherent precipitation phase in a PH-Cu alloy; thirdly, the solid solubility and the diffusion rate of the rare earth elements in the Cu matrix are low, so that the segregation and the growth of rare earth oxides can be prevented, and the mechanical property and the high-temperature softening resistance of the ODS-Cu alloy are improved. Therefore, the development and preparation of Cu-Y2O3 type ODS-Cu have become the research direction of the current novel high-strength high-conductivity copper alloy.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a yttrium oxide dispersion strengthened copper alloy, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a preparation method of a yttrium oxide dispersion strengthened copper alloy comprises the following steps:

step 1: preparing Cu-Y alloy by using Cu (99.99%) and Y (99.9%) as metal raw materials according to weight percentage;

step 2: mixing the weighed metal raw materials, placing the mixture into a water-cooled copper crucible of a non-consumable arc melting furnace, and melting an alloy ingot under the protection of protective gas;

and step 3: crushing an alloy ingot, putting the crushed alloy ingot into a quartz tube, and preparing Cu-Y amorphous alloy by using a vacuum copper roller single-roller rotary quenching technology;

and 4, step 4: crushing a Cu-Y amorphous alloy ingot, and then putting the crushed alloy ingot into a quartz tube, and putting the quartz tube into an induction heating coil to melt an alloy test material;

and 5: spraying the melted alloy sample on a water-cooling copper roller to obtain an amorphous strip;

step 6: putting the prepared amorphous strip into a vacuum annealing furnace;

and 7: mixing the amorphous strips and Cu (99.99%) as raw materials, putting the mixture into a water-cooled copper crucible of a non-consumable arc melting furnace, and melting under the protection of protective gas;

and 8: and (3) performing cold drawing processing on the alloy obtained by smelting in the step (7) to obtain a dispersion strengthened copper alloy, and detecting to eliminate unqualified products to obtain a finished product of the yttrium oxide dispersion strengthened copper alloy.

Preferably, in step 1, the weight percentage of Cu is 30-40%, and the weight percentage of Y is 50-80%.

Preferably, in the step 2, the working current of the arc melting in the non-consumable arc melting furnace is 60-150A.

Preferably, in step 3, the crushed alloy ingot is screened through a 100-mesh sieve before being placed in a quartz tube.

Preferably, in step 6, the annealing time of the vacuum annealing furnace is 2-4h, and the annealing temperature is 350-500 ℃.

Preferably, in step 2 and step 7, the protective gas is pure argon protective gas, and the pressure value of the pure argon protective gas is 0.02-0.06 MPa.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the invention, a Cu-Y2O3 combination with the specific gravity close to that of matrix Cu is obtained through oxidation of a Cu-Y amorphous intermediate alloy, and an ODS-Cu alloy with uniform and controllable tissues is prepared by direct smelting on the basis; meanwhile, complicated powder preparation and powder treatment processes are omitted, the uniformity of alloy components is ensured by adopting a direct alloy casting method, and the practicability is high.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1:

the invention provides a technical scheme that: a preparation method of a yttrium oxide dispersion strengthened copper alloy comprises the following steps:

step 1: preparing a Cu-Y alloy by using metal raw materials of Cu (99.99%) and Y (99.9%) according to weight percentage, wherein the weight percentage of Cu is 35%, and the weight percentage of Y is 65%;

step 2: mixing the weighed metal raw materials, putting the metal raw materials into a water-cooled copper crucible of a non-consumable electric arc melting furnace, and melting an alloy ingot under the protection of protective gas, wherein the working current of electric arc melting in the non-consumable electric arc melting furnace is 60A;

and step 3: crushing the alloy ingot, putting the crushed alloy ingot into a quartz tube, preparing Cu-Y amorphous alloy by using a vacuum copper roller single-roller rotary quenching technology, and screening the crushed alloy ingot through a 100-mesh sieve before putting the crushed alloy ingot into the quartz tube;

and 4, step 4: crushing a Cu-Y amorphous alloy ingot, and then putting the crushed alloy ingot into a quartz tube, and putting the quartz tube into an induction heating coil to melt an alloy test material;

and 5: spraying the melted alloy sample on a water-cooling copper roller to obtain an amorphous strip;

step 6: putting the prepared amorphous strip into a vacuum annealing furnace, wherein the annealing time of the vacuum annealing furnace is 2 hours, and the annealing temperature is 350 ℃;

and 7: mixing the amorphous strips and Cu (99.99%) as raw materials, putting the mixture into a water-cooled copper crucible of a non-consumable arc melting furnace, and melting under the protection of protective gas;

and 8: and (3) performing cold drawing processing on the alloy obtained by smelting in the step (7) to obtain a dispersion strengthened copper alloy, and detecting to eliminate unqualified products to obtain a finished product of the yttrium oxide dispersion strengthened copper alloy.

In the step 2 and the step 7, the protective gas is pure argon protective gas, and the pressure value of the pure argon protective gas is 0.02 MPa.

Example 2:

the invention provides a technical scheme that: a preparation method of a yttrium oxide dispersion strengthened copper alloy comprises the following steps:

step 1: preparing a Cu-Y alloy by using metal raw materials of Cu (99.99%) and Y (99.9%) according to weight percentage, wherein the weight percentage of Cu is 55%, and the weight percentage of Y is 45%;

step 2: mixing the weighed metal raw materials, putting the metal raw materials into a water-cooled copper crucible of a non-consumable electric arc melting furnace, and melting an alloy ingot under the protection of protective gas, wherein the working current of electric arc melting in the non-consumable electric arc melting furnace is 100A;

and step 3: crushing the alloy ingot, putting the crushed alloy ingot into a quartz tube, preparing Cu-Y amorphous alloy by using a vacuum copper roller single-roller rotary quenching technology, and screening the crushed alloy ingot through a 100-mesh sieve before putting the crushed alloy ingot into the quartz tube;

and 4, step 4: crushing a Cu-Y amorphous alloy ingot, and then putting the crushed alloy ingot into a quartz tube, and putting the quartz tube into an induction heating coil to melt an alloy test material;

and 5: spraying the melted alloy sample on a water-cooling copper roller to obtain an amorphous strip;

step 6: putting the prepared amorphous strip into a vacuum annealing furnace, wherein the annealing time of the vacuum annealing furnace is 3 hours, and the annealing temperature is 400 ℃;

and 7: mixing the amorphous strips and Cu (99.99%) as raw materials, putting the mixture into a water-cooled copper crucible of a non-consumable arc melting furnace, and melting under the protection of protective gas;

and 8: and (3) performing cold drawing processing on the alloy obtained by smelting in the step (7) to obtain a dispersion strengthened copper alloy, and detecting to eliminate unqualified products to obtain a finished product of the yttrium oxide dispersion strengthened copper alloy.

In step 2 and step 7, the protective gas is pure argon protective gas, and the pressure value of the pure argon protective gas is 0.04 MPa.

Example 3:

the invention provides a technical scheme that: a preparation method of a yttrium oxide dispersion strengthened copper alloy comprises the following steps:

step 1: preparing Cu-Y alloy by using metal raw materials of Cu (99.99%) and Y (99.9%) according to the weight percentage, wherein the weight percentage of Cu is 60%, and the weight percentage of Y is 40%;

step 2: mixing the weighed metal raw materials, putting the metal raw materials into a water-cooled copper crucible of a non-consumable electric arc melting furnace, and melting an alloy ingot under the protection of protective gas, wherein the working current of electric arc melting in the non-consumable electric arc melting furnace is 150A;

and step 3: crushing the alloy ingot, putting the crushed alloy ingot into a quartz tube, preparing Cu-Y amorphous alloy by using a vacuum copper roller single-roller rotary quenching technology, and screening the crushed alloy ingot through a 100-mesh sieve before putting the crushed alloy ingot into the quartz tube;

and 4, step 4: crushing a Cu-Y amorphous alloy ingot, and then putting the crushed alloy ingot into a quartz tube, and putting the quartz tube into an induction heating coil to melt an alloy test material;

and 5: spraying the melted alloy sample on a water-cooling copper roller to obtain an amorphous strip;

step 6: putting the prepared amorphous strip into a vacuum annealing furnace, wherein the annealing time of the vacuum annealing furnace is 4h, and the annealing temperature is 500 ℃;

and 7: mixing the amorphous strips and Cu (99.99%) as raw materials, putting the mixture into a water-cooled copper crucible of a non-consumable arc melting furnace, and melting under the protection of protective gas;

and 8: and (3) performing cold drawing processing on the alloy obtained by smelting in the step (7) to obtain a dispersion strengthened copper alloy, and detecting to eliminate unqualified products to obtain a finished product of the yttrium oxide dispersion strengthened copper alloy.

In step 2 and step 7, the protective gas is pure argon protective gas, and the pressure value of the pure argon protective gas is 0.06 MPa.

According to the invention, a Cu-Y2O3 combination with the specific gravity close to that of matrix Cu is obtained through oxidation of a Cu-Y amorphous intermediate alloy, and an ODS-Cu alloy with uniform and controllable tissues is prepared by direct smelting on the basis; meanwhile, complicated powder preparation and powder treatment processes are omitted, the uniformity of alloy components is ensured by adopting a direct alloy casting method, and the practicability is high.

Application method

A preparation method of a yttrium oxide dispersion strengthened copper alloy comprises the following steps:

step 1: preparing Cu-Y alloy by using Cu (99.99%) and Y (99.9%) as metal raw materials according to weight percentage;

step 2: mixing the weighed metal raw materials, placing the mixture into a water-cooled copper crucible of a non-consumable arc melting furnace, and melting an alloy ingot under the protection of protective gas;

and step 3: crushing an alloy ingot, putting the crushed alloy ingot into a quartz tube, and preparing Cu-Y amorphous alloy by using a vacuum copper roller single-roller rotary quenching technology;

and 4, step 4: crushing a Cu-Y amorphous alloy ingot, and then putting the crushed alloy ingot into a quartz tube, and putting the quartz tube into an induction heating coil to melt an alloy test material;

and 5: spraying the melted alloy sample on a water-cooling copper roller to obtain an amorphous strip;

step 6: putting the prepared amorphous strip into a vacuum annealing furnace;

and 7: mixing the amorphous strips and Cu (99.99%) as raw materials, putting the mixture into a water-cooled copper crucible of a non-consumable arc melting furnace, and melting under the protection of protective gas;

and 8: and (3) performing cold drawing processing on the alloy obtained by smelting in the step (7) to obtain a dispersion strengthened copper alloy, and detecting to eliminate unqualified products to obtain a finished product of the yttrium oxide dispersion strengthened copper alloy.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.