阅读说明：本技术 一种利用钒酸钙制备钒铝合金的方法 (Method for preparing vanadium-aluminum alloy by using calcium vanadate ) 是由 于继洋 李东明 李兰杰 卢明亮 张苏新 郎宗峰 于 2020-11-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及合金冶炼技术领域,具体公开一种利用钒酸钙制备钒铝合金的方法。所述利用钒酸钙制备钒铝合金的方法具体为：将铝粉和钒酸钙按0.45～0.7:1的质量比混匀,在惰性气氛中加热至1400～1600℃进行反应,冷却、去渣,得到所述钒铝合金。本发明实现了直接利用钒酸钙为原料来制备钒铝合金,节省了将钒酸钙转化成五氧化二钒的中间工序,且无需额外加入熔剂。同时,整个反应过程无喷溅,节约了大量人力成本和原料成本。本发明提供的制备方法为钒铝合金的生产提供了一种全新的方法。(The invention relates to the technical field of alloy smelting, and particularly discloses a method for preparing a vanadium-aluminum alloy by using calcium vanadate. The method for preparing the vanadium-aluminum alloy by using the calcium vanadate specifically comprises the following steps: and uniformly mixing aluminum powder and calcium vanadate according to the mass ratio of 0.45-0.7: 1, heating to 1400-1600 ℃ in an inert atmosphere for reaction, cooling, and removing slag to obtain the vanadium-aluminum alloy. The method realizes the preparation of the vanadium-aluminum alloy by directly using the calcium vanadate as the raw material, saves the intermediate process of converting the calcium vanadate into the vanadium pentoxide, and does not need to additionally add a flux. Meanwhile, the whole reaction process has no splashing, and a large amount of labor cost and raw material cost are saved. The preparation method provided by the invention provides a brand new method for producing the vanadium-aluminum alloy.)

1. A method for preparing vanadium-aluminum alloy by using calcium vanadate is characterized by comprising the following steps: and uniformly mixing aluminum powder and calcium vanadate according to the mass ratio of 0.45-0.7: 1, heating to 1400-1600 ℃ in an inert atmosphere for reaction, cooling, and removing slag to obtain the vanadium-aluminum alloy.

2. The method for preparing the vanadium-aluminum alloy by using the calcium vanadate according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the particle diameters of the calcium vanadate and the aluminum powder are both less than or equal to 125 mu m.

3. The method for preparing vanadium-aluminum alloy using calcium vanadate according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the calcium vanadate comprises the following components in percentage by mass: v₂O₅：36％～55.5％，CaO：44％～63％，SiO₂: 0.02-0.08%, Al: 0.01-0.04%, Fe: 0.01 to 0.05% and inevitable impurities.

4. The method for preparing vanadium-aluminum alloy using calcium vanadate according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the aluminum powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: more than or equal to 99.5 percent of Al, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.12 percent of Fe and inevitable impurities.

5. The method for preparing the vanadium-aluminum alloy by using the calcium vanadate according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the heating process is carried out in a graphite crucible, and the indexes of the graphite crucible are as follows: the volume density is more than or equal to 1.7g/cm³The flexural strength is more than or equal to 9.8MPa, the ash content is less than or equal to 0.3 percent, and the porosity is less than or equal to 15 percent.

6. The method for preparing the vanadium-aluminum alloy by using the calcium vanadate according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the inert atmosphere is argon atmosphere.

7. The method for preparing the vanadium-aluminum alloy by using the calcium vanadate according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the reaction time is 30-60 min.

8. The method for preparing the vanadium-aluminum alloy by using the calcium vanadate according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the final temperature of cooling is less than or equal to 50 ℃.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of alloy smelting, in particular to a method for preparing a vanadium-aluminum alloy by using calcium vanadate.

Background

The vanadium-aluminum alloy is used as an intermediate alloy and can be used as an additive for producing titanium alloy-TiAl₆V₄。TiAl₆V₄The method is widely applied to the fields of aerospace, war industry, civil use and the like.

At present, the production of vanadium-aluminum alloy mainly comprises a one-step process and a two-step process, however, no matter which process is adopted, vanadium pentoxide, metal aluminum and a slag former are used as raw materials. Wherein, the vanadium pentoxide is prepared by converting an intermediate product sodium vanadate or calcium vanadate in the vanadium extraction process into ammonium vanadate. In addition, a flux is required to be added in the process of producing the vanadium-aluminum alloy, the reaction temperature requirement is extremely strict, various phenomena of uncontrollable reaction time and heat exist in the reaction process, and multiple times of heating treatment are usually required, so that the preparation process of the vanadium-aluminum alloy is complex and the quality is difficult to ensure due to the various reasons. Moreover, in the prior art, in the process of preparing the vanadium-aluminum alloy by carrying out aluminothermic reduction reaction on metal aluminum and vanadium pentoxide, the instantaneous heat generated by the reaction is large, and the splashing is very easy to occur. Therefore, it is of great significance to find a safe and controllable vanadium-aluminum alloy preparation method with high production efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems of complex preparation process, easy splashing and uncontrollable reaction heat of the existing vanadium-aluminum alloy, the invention provides a method for preparing the vanadium-aluminum alloy by using calcium vanadate.

In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the embodiment of the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a method for preparing a vanadium-aluminum alloy by using calcium vanadate comprises the steps of uniformly mixing aluminum powder and calcium vanadate according to the mass ratio of 0.45-0.7: 1, heating to 1400-1600 ℃ in an inert atmosphere for reaction, cooling, and removing slag to obtain the vanadium-aluminum alloy.

According to the method for preparing the vanadium-aluminum alloy by using the calcium vanadate, the specific ratio of the calcium vanadate to the aluminum powder is set, the calcium vanadate and the aluminum powder can be directly used for obtaining the vanadium-aluminum alloy at a specific temperature in one step, the vanadium-aluminum alloy is prepared by directly using the calcium vanadate as a raw material, an intermediate process for converting the calcium vanadate into vanadium pentoxide is saved, and a flux is not required to be additionally added. In addition, compared with the prior art, the preparation method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the whole reaction process is free from splashing, the heat in the reaction process is stably released by controlling the temperature of the heating reaction, the intensity of the reaction is effectively controlled, the effective control of the reaction heat in the vanadium-aluminum alloy preparation process is realized, the preparation of the vanadium-aluminum alloy can be completed by only one heating, the process of multiple electrode ignition heating due to uncontrollable reaction heat in the traditional preparation process is omitted, a large amount of labor cost and raw material cost are saved, and the production efficiency of the vanadium-aluminum alloy is improved. Meanwhile, the vanadium-aluminum alloy prepared by the method has high purity and less slag production, completely meets the industrial standard, and provides a brand new method for preparing the vanadium-aluminum alloy.

Preferably, the particle diameters of the calcium vanadate and the aluminum powder are both less than or equal to 125 microns.

The preferable particle size selection of the calcium vanadate and the aluminum powder can further accelerate the full reaction of the calcium vanadate and the aluminum powder, and improve the purity and the reaction efficiency of the vanadium-aluminum alloy.

Preferably, the calcium vanadate comprises the following components in percentage by mass: v₂O₅：36％～55.5％，CaO：44％～63％，SiO₂: 0.02-0.08%, Al: 0.01-0.04%, Fe: 0.01 to 0.05% and inevitable impurities.

The content of each element of the preferable calcium vanadate can further improve the purity of the prepared vanadium-aluminum alloy, and ensure the quality and stability of the product.

Preferably, the aluminum powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: more than or equal to 99.5 percent of Al, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.12 percent of Fe and inevitable impurities.

Preferably, the heating process is performed in a graphite crucible, and the indexes of the graphite crucible are as follows: the volume density is more than or equal to 1.7g/cm³The flexural strength is more than or equal to 9.8MPa, the ash content is less than or equal to 0.3 percent, and the porosity is less than or equal to 15 percent.

The selection of the technical indexes of the graphite crucible can reduce the doping of C in the preparation process of the vanadium-aluminum alloy, and further improve the quality of the vanadium-aluminum alloy.

Preferably, the inert atmosphere is an argon atmosphere.

Preferably, the reaction time is 30-60 min.

Preferably, the end point temperature of the cooling is less than or equal to 50 ℃.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a process flow chart of preparing a vanadium-aluminum alloy by using calcium vanadate in embodiment 1 of the invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

Example 1

A method for preparing vanadium-aluminum alloy by using calcium vanadate comprises the following process steps:

(1) and uniformly mixing 1g of calcium vanadate and 0.7g of aluminum powder for 10 min.

Wherein the particle diameters of the calcium vanadate and the aluminum powder are both less than or equal to 125 mu m.

The calcium vanadate comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: v₂O₅：36.17％，CaO：62.8％，SiO₂: 0.04%, Al: 0.02%, Fe: 0.035% and unavoidable impurities;

the aluminum powder comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: al: 99.6%, Si: 0.08%, Fe: 0.09% and other inevitable impurities.

(2) And putting the uniformly mixed calcium vanadate and aluminum powder into a graphite crucible, introducing argon at the flow rate of 0.9L/min, and heating to 1500 ℃ in an argon atmosphere to react for 40 min.

Wherein, the technical indexes of the graphite crucible are as follows: bulk density 1.8g/cm³The flexural strength is 10.2MPa, the ash content is 0.21 percent, and the porosity is 12 percent.

(3) Naturally cooling to 50 ℃, removing a slag layer to obtain the AlV55 vanadium-aluminum alloy which meets the requirements of the industry standard (YS/T579-2014).

Example 2

(1) And uniformly mixing 1g of calcium vanadate and 0.6g of aluminum powder for 15 min.

Wherein the particle diameters of the calcium vanadate and the aluminum powder are both less than or equal to 125 mu m.

The calcium vanadate comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: v₂O₅：41.3％，CaO：58.4％，SiO₂: 0.05%, Al: 0.03%, Fe: 0.04% and inevitable impurities;

the aluminum powder comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: al: 99.6%, Si: 0.07%, Fe: 0.10% and inevitable impurities.

(2) And putting the uniformly mixed calcium vanadate and aluminum powder into a graphite crucible, introducing argon at the flow rate of 0.9L/min, and heating to 1550 ℃ in an argon atmosphere to react for 60 min.

Wherein, the technical indexes of the graphite crucible are as follows: bulk density 1.8g/cm³The flexural strength is 10.2MPa, the ash content is 0.21 percent, and the porosity is 12 percent.

(3) Naturally cooling to 45 ℃, removing a slag layer to obtain AlV65 vanadium-aluminum alloy which meets the requirements of the industry standard (YS/T579-2014).

Example 3

(1) 1g of calcium vanadate and 0.5g of aluminum powder are taken and stirred uniformly for 18 min.

Wherein the particle diameters of the calcium vanadate and the aluminum powder are both less than or equal to 125 mu m.

The calcium vanadate comprises the following components in percentage by massElements: v₂O₅：52.1％，CaO：47.6％，SiO₂: 0.045%, Al: 0.035%, Fe: 0.042% and inevitable impurities;

the aluminum powder comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: al: 99.7%, Si: 0: 07%, Fe: 0.05% and inevitable impurities.

(2) And putting the uniformly mixed calcium vanadate and aluminum powder into a graphite crucible, introducing argon at the flow rate of 0.8L/min, and heating to 1600 ℃ in an argon atmosphere to react for 30 min.

Wherein, the technical indexes of the graphite crucible are as follows: bulk density 1.8g/cm³The flexural strength is 10.2MPa, the ash content is 0.21 percent, and the porosity is 12 percent.

(3) Naturally cooling to 48 ℃, removing a slag layer to obtain the AlV75 vanadium-aluminum alloy which meets the requirements of the industry standard (YS/T579-2014).

Example 4

(1) 1g of calcium vanadate and 0.45g of aluminum powder are taken and stirred uniformly for 18 min.

Wherein the particle diameters of the calcium vanadate and the aluminum powder are both less than or equal to 125 mu m.

The calcium vanadate comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: v₂O₅：55.3％，CaO：44.5％，SiO₂: 0.039%, Al: 0.031%, Fe: 0.047% and inevitable impurities;

the aluminum powder comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: al: 99.6%, Si: 0: 05%, Fe: 0.06% and inevitable impurities.

(2) And putting the uniformly mixed calcium vanadate and aluminum powder into a graphite crucible, introducing argon at the flow rate of 0.9L/min, and heating to 1400 ℃ in an argon atmosphere to react for 60 min.

Wherein, the technical indexes of the graphite crucible are as follows: bulk density 1.8g/cm³The flexural strength is 10.2MPa, the ash content is 0.21 percent, and the porosity is 12 percent.

(3) Naturally cooling to 50 ℃, removing a slag layer to obtain the AlV85 vanadium-aluminum alloy which meets the requirements of the industry standard (YS/T579-2014).

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents or improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.