阅读说明：本技术 镜内液压缸 (Hydraulic cylinder in mirror ) 是由 S·特恩布尔 于 2019-05-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：公开了一种用作外液压缸(10)中的缸空心杆的液压缸(1),该液压缸包括具有活塞(2)和活塞压盖(3)的内杆(4),其中缸空心杆(1)可纵向移置地保持在缸壳体(10)中。该系统还具有缸基座(5)和位于液压缸(10)的外壳上的纤维罩(14)。该系统还具有对应于四个腔室(分别为6、7、8和9)的流体端口(11、12和13)。根据本发明,当向腔室(7)施加压力时,内部杆(4)伸入腔室(6)中,从而移置其质量,并显著增加腔室(6)中的压力。该移置实际上是内部泵,其可以在杆(1)的给定冲程内多次激活。(A hydraulic cylinder (1) for use as a cylinder hollow rod in an outer hydraulic cylinder (10) is disclosed, comprising an inner rod (4) with a piston (2) and a piston gland (3), wherein the cylinder hollow rod (1) is held in a cylinder housing (10) so as to be longitudinally displaceable. The system also has a cylinder base (5) and a fabric cover (14) on the housing of the hydraulic cylinder (10). The system also has fluid ports (11, 12 and 13) corresponding to the four chambers (6, 7, 8 and 9, respectively). According to the invention, when pressure is applied to the chamber (7), the internal rod (4) protrudes into the chamber (6), thereby displacing its mass and significantly increasing the pressure in the chamber (6). This displacement is in fact an internal pump which can be activated several times within a given stroke of the rod (1).)

1. A hydraulic cylinder assembly, comprising: a cylindrical hollow rod having a piston, a piston gland and an inner rod and being longitudinally displaceably retained within an outer cylindrical housing.

2. The cylindrical hollow rod of claim 1 having a hydraulic port at a top end for flowing fluid in its body, the hydraulic port being external to the hydraulic cylinder assembly, and further having an additional hydraulic port near its base for flowing fluid in its body, the additional hydraulic port being internal to the hydraulic cylinder assembly.

3. The cylindrical hollow rod of claim 1 having a hollow rod fixed in the piston gland, the inner rod of the cylindrical hollow rod being extended and retracted by sliding in the hollow rod.

4. The outer cylindrical housing of claim 1 having a cylinder base and a hydraulic port for flowing the fluid adjacent the cylinder base, and further having an additional hydraulic port for flowing the fluid in a body thereof, the hydraulic port and the additional hydraulic port both external to the body of the outer cylindrical housing.

5. The outer cylindrical shell of claim 1 having a coating of fibrous material on its body, the fibrous material being carbon fibers or nanotube fibers.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a hydraulic cylinder and more particularly to an intrascope (intrascic) arranged hydraulic cylinder having a coaxial cylindrical hollow rod therein, which serves as a piston rod, thereby enabling it to produce a variety of changes in force, velocity, pressure and force and flow for its application in areas beyond the scope of conventional hydraulic cylinders.

Background

Hydraulic cylinders are widely used in various industrial applications to provide linear motion control. These cylinders comprise a cylindrical metal housing with a piston rod assembly that moves back and forth within the housing. The piston rod assembly divides the volume within the cylinder housing into two separate chambers, e.g., a front chamber and a rear chamber. For a single rod cylinder, these two volumes are referred to as: a rod end volume (front chamber) in which the rod end is the end of the cylinder from which the rod extends; and a head end volume (back chamber) in which the head end has no stem.

When these volumes are pressurized, hydrostatic pressure due to the pressurized fluid acts on the surface of the vessel containing the fluid. Thus, the force acting on the piston rod assembly moves it, thereby extending or retracting the rod out of or into the cylinder housing. An external load may be attached to the cylinder rod and as the piston rod assembly moves, the force exerted on the load causes the load to move along a linear path. For a cylinder that is retracted, flow leaving the head end will first exit through the port and then return to the rest of the hydraulic circuit through the cylinder port. The cylinder stops when the piston reaches the end of its stroke, or when the piston contacts the end cap. Typically, a cylinder port spear (spear) and a collar are attached to either side of the piston to help slow it down before contacting the end cap during retraction or before reaching the other end during extension.

Thus, a conventional double-acting hydraulic cylinder having a rear chamber and a front chamber essentially functions by telescoping the piston rod assembly within the inner surface of the cylinder housing. Under normal circumstances, the piston rod assembly will extend faster than it retracts. Which means that it moves at different speeds in both directions. The reason for this difference can be understood by considering the following facts: when the pump pushes a certain amount of fluid, it will pass the valve to the back end or to the front end. In fact, much more fluid is required to push the piston out in the rear chamber than to push the piston back in the front chamber. Thus, when the prevailing pressure is introduced to the rear of the cylinder, the rod slowly extends, and when a similar pressure is applied to the front of the cylinder, it will retract more quickly.

This can be achieved by controlling the fluid flow when it is desired to control the speed of the piston rod assembly during extension or retraction. A common approach is to install a flow control device in the hydraulic circuit between the valve and the fluid inlet/outlet of the rear or front chamber.

As reported in the prior art documents, many attempts have been made to create multiple power cylinders, but they all involve external solutions. The invention disclosed herein is a solution that is fully integrated into and controls a separate hydraulic cylinder. No external pressure booster, secondary hydraulic line with high pressure, or any other compromise is required.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem

Since conventional hydraulic cylinders rely on the pressure and flow provided by hydraulic pumps and valves, their maneuverability is greatly limited. Conventional cylinders are limited by limited pressure and flow input and therefore may not work where large forces are required. For applications requiring greater force, a relatively larger cylinder may be required in place of a smaller cylinder. As a result, the larger cylinders will extend and retract more slowly. Therefore, there is a strong need for an efficient and compact hydraulic cylinder that can operate over a wide range of required forces.

Solution to the problem

As disclosed in the present invention, the arrangement within the mirror of multiple cylinders inside each other makes its own pressure higher than that provided by a conventional hydraulic circuit. This transforms the cylinder into a cylinder-pump.

The in-mirror cylinder of the present invention can work as fast as a small cylinder, but has the additional capability of generating a large force when needed. In most applications, the hydraulic cylinder will use only a small amount of its potential strength, but needs to be large enough to generate occasional peak loads. The present invention allows the cylinder to be smaller, lighter and faster, but still have the ability to generate large forces when needed.

The invention has the advantages of

The in-mirror hydraulic cylinder of the present invention may be used in a variety of applications that use conventional hydraulic cylinders as well as in applications where standard hydraulic cylinders are found to be inadequate. The main uses of the present invention are reinforcement, shifting, variable load, variable force and greater force than conventional hydraulic cylinders of the same size.

Drawings

FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of the in-mirror hydraulic cylinder of the present invention in one embodiment.

Fig. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the in-mirror hydraulic cylinder of the present invention in a second embodiment.

Figure 3 shows the test results of a prototype of the hydraulic cylinder of the present invention.

Fig. 4 shows a graphical representation of the test results shown in fig. 3.

Reference numerals in the drawings

1 cylinder hollow rod

2 piston

3 piston gland

4 inner rod

5 jar bases

6 chamber

7 chamber

8 chamber

9 Chamber

10 jar

11 hydraulic port

12 hydraulic port

13 Hydraulic Port

14 fiber

15 hollow bar

Detailed Description

The details of preferred embodiments of the present invention and the inventive steps will now be described in detail to solve the problems outlined in the background and prior art. There may be several other possible embodiments of the invention that employ the key inventive steps described herein, and therefore, the scope and intent of the patent is not to be limited.

The in-mirror cylinder of the invention is envisaged as a combination of two hydraulic cylinders integrated into one cylinder, the outer shell or envelope of which is practically similar to a standard cylinder. Thus, in this concept, the inverted smaller hydraulic cylinder inside the outer cylinder functions similarly to the piston rod assembly of a conventional hydraulic cylinder. This elegant design allows for more than two chambers (front and rear) for a single cylinder, as with conventional hydraulic cylinders with a greater number of hydraulic ports. In such elaborate designs, when pressure is applied to one of the chambers, its internal rod will extend into the opposite chamber, thereby displacing (displacing) its mass and significantly increasing the pressure within it. This displacement is in effect an internal pump that can be activated multiple times within a given stroke of the modified rod (i.e., inside the inverted smaller cylinder inside the outer cylinder).

The above concept is entirely "novel" and to our knowledge there has not been any previous report of this. Furthermore, the inventive features of the invention are described below by way of possible embodiments in the following examples:

examples of the invention

Fig. 1 shows a possible embodiment of the invention, in which the outer cylinder 10 and the base 5 have inside them a smaller cylinder, called "cylinder hollow rod" 1, which acts like the rod of a conventional hydraulic cylinder, and the outer cylinder 10 and the base 5 are more or less like the casing of a conventional hydraulic cylinder. The difference between this elaborate design and a conventional hydraulic cylinder is that the embodiment of fig. 1 now has a plurality of ports 11, 12 and 13 for fluid corresponding to the four chambers 6, 7, 8 and 9. The rod end of the smaller inner cylinder 1 is hollow and contains a piston 2, a gland 3 and an inner rod 4. The outer cylinder 10 is similar to a conventional double acting cylinder. When pressure is applied to the chamber 7, the inner rod 4 projects into the chamber 6, displacing its mass and significantly increasing the pressure in the chamber 6. This displacement is in fact an internal pump which can be activated several times within a given stroke of the rod 1.

By passing pressure into chamber 6 and then, after being challenged, subsequently into chamber 7, rod 4 will displace the existing pressurised chamber 6 and increase the pressure in that chamber. The cylinder 10 will generate more force transmitted through the rod 1 than a conventional cylinder of the same cylinder diameter.

By transmitting pressure into chamber 7 after chamber 6 has reached its maximum possible force at the system or predetermined pressure, rod 4 will displace the fluid in chamber 6, thereby increasing the pressure in chamber 6 beyond that previously transmitted by the hydraulic supply or "system pressure". This enables the in-mirror cylinder to generate forces that previously could not be achieved in a normal size envelope and in a hydraulic system that could not provide infinite pressure.

The concept of hydraulic cylinders that are integrated within each other can be practiced in many different embodiments. Fig. 2 depicts another embodiment of the invention, in which the inner rod 4 slides inside the hollow rod 15.

In this embodiment of fig. 2, when pressure is applied to the chamber 6 and subsequently to the chamber 7, the piston 2 forces the rod 4 into the chamber 6 and subsequently the hollow rod 15 into the chamber 6, thereby generating a variety of speeds and forces.

Thus, conventional hydraulic cylinders rely on the pressure and flow provided by the hydraulic pump, valves and external pressure intensifier, but the in-mirror cylinder of the present invention itself generates a higher pressure than that supplied by the conventional hydraulic circuit. This transforms the cylinder into a cylinder/pump.

Buckling and band strength are two significant challenges in the manufacture of hydraulic cylinders, where the present invention overcomes by making the inner rod 1 wide and hollow. It is noted that the rod 4 and the backstop 5 do not collide as shown in fig. 1.

Bending (i.e., expansion of the outer cylinder 10 (fig. 1)) is another problem area in hydraulic cylinders, which can be avoided herein by additionally covering the outer cylinder 10 of the in-mirror hydraulic cylinder of the present invention with a fibrous material (i.e., carbon fiber or nanotube fiber) 14.

Best mode for carrying out the invention and industrial applicability

To demonstrate the industrial applicability of the present invention, a prototype cylinder on a laboratory scale was fabricated according to the design shown in fig. 1. The chambers 6 and 7 of the cylinder are equipped with suitable pressure gauges to monitor the pressure inside these chambers while allowing the fluid to enter the interior through the ports of the chamber 6 at a given external pressure. As shown in fig. 3, the pressure in chambers 6 and 7 is observed with respect to the supply pressure of chamber 6. Figure 4 shows a graphical representation of the pressure observed in the chamber 6 due to the in-lens increase in pressure within the cylinder. It can be seen that at relatively low pressures of about 50 bar it is possible to obtain pressures up to 135 bar.