阅读说明：本技术 一种无人机机翼变展长变后掠机构 (Wing expanding length-variable sweepback-variable mechanism of unmanned aerial vehicle ) 是由 甘文彪 张浩宇 马铁林 王红波 张毅 于 2020-12-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种无人机机翼变展长变后掠机构：属于变形翼无人飞行器结构技术领域；包括变后掠同步丝杠机构、两副变展长丝杠驱动机构、变后掠内侧机翼和变后掠变展长外侧机翼,外侧机翼可收缩于内侧机翼中。所述变后掠同步丝杠机构中的双头电机通过正反转驱动铰链转动,实现机翼的变后掠；所述变展长丝杠驱动机构,通过电机正反转驱动外侧机翼伸出或收缩于内侧机翼,改变机翼展长。变展长机构和变后掠机构能够根据飞行状态的不同改变机翼的布局方式,以较高气动效率飞行。无人机机翼变展长变后掠机构的灵活运用可以提高无人飞行器对不同飞行状态的适应能力。(The invention provides a wing expanding length and sweepback changing mechanism of an unmanned aerial vehicle, which comprises the following components: belongs to the technical field of a deformable wing unmanned aerial vehicle structure; the variable-sweep variable-span variable-length wing aircraft comprises a variable-sweep synchronous screw mechanism, two pairs of variable-span screw driving mechanisms, a variable-sweep inner wing and a variable-sweep variable-span outer wing, wherein the outer wing can be retracted into the inner wing. The double-end motor in the sweepback-varying synchronous screw rod mechanism drives the hinge to rotate through positive and negative rotation, so that sweepback variation of the wing is realized; the variable-span length screw driving mechanism drives the outer wing to extend out or contract into the inner wing through the forward and reverse rotation of the motor, so that the span length of the machine is changed. The variable span-length mechanism and the variable sweepback mechanism can change the layout mode of the wings according to different flight states, and fly with high aerodynamic efficiency. The flexible application of the wing span-variable and sweep-variable mechanism of the unmanned aerial vehicle can improve the adaptability of the unmanned aerial vehicle to different flight states.)

1. An unmanned aerial vehicle wing expanding-length-variable sweepback mechanism is characterized by comprising a sweepback-variable synchronous screw rod mechanism, two pairs of sweepback-variable screw rod driving mechanisms, a sweepback-variable inner wing and a sweepback-variable expanding-length outer wing, wherein the outer wing can be retracted into the inner wing; the double-end motor in the sweepback-varying synchronous screw rod mechanism drives the hinge to rotate through positive and negative rotation, so that sweepback variation of the wing is realized; the variable-span length screw driving mechanism drives the outer wing to extend out or contract into the inner wing through the forward and reverse rotation of the motor, so that the span length of the machine is changed.

2. The wing sweep-variable synchronous lead screw mechanism of the unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the sweep-variable mechanism consists of a double-head motor (9), a left-handed lead screw (8), a right-handed lead screw (10), a matched left-handed lead screw sleeve (7) and a matched right-handed lead screw sleeve (11), and the sweep-variable wings are respectively arranged at two sides of the body; the lead screw mechanism is arranged on a mounting base (5) in the machine body, the double-head motor (9) is arranged on a motor slide rail (4), two side shafts of the double-head motor (9) are respectively connected with a left-right rotating lead screw, and a left-right rotating lead screw sleeve is connected to the front edge of a wing root of the left-right sweepback variable wing through a motion conversion mechanism (16) which is fixedly connected; the wings are connected with the machine body through wing rotating mechanisms (15) connected with the fixed mounting seats (5); the wings on the two sides of the engine body synchronously control the change of the sweepback angle of the wings through the coaxial left-right rotating screw rods.

3. The wing spreading-variable lead screw driving mechanism of the unmanned aerial vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spreading-variable mechanism is composed of a motor (6), a lead screw (3) and a lead screw sleeve (13), the motor (6) is located at the wing root of the inner wing, the lead screw (3) penetrates through the middle part of the inner wing, and the lead screw sleeve (13) is located on the rib at the wing root end of the outer wing; the spanwise beam of the outboard wing is sleeved on the guide rod (12) of the inboard wing through a sleeve (14), and the motor (6) drives the screw sleeve (13) to move along the screw (3) through positive and negative rotation according to the requirement of aerodynamic appearance, so that the outboard wing is controlled to extend out or retract to the inboard wing, and the change of wing span length of the aircraft is realized.

4. The wing span-changing and sweep-back mechanism of the unmanned aerial vehicle as claimed in claims 1, 2 and 3, wherein the sweep-back synchronous screw mechanism and the sweep-back screw driving mechanism are independent of each other in their actuation processes, do not interfere with each other, and can synchronously realize continuous changes of span-length and sweep-back angle.

Technical Field

The embodiment of the invention relates to a deformable wing of an unmanned aerial vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of deformable unmanned aerial vehicle structures.

Background

Conventional aircraft can only perform a relatively single flight mission in the same atmospheric environment due to the substantially constant geometry or only a single changing profile layout.

The deformable unmanned aerial vehicle means that the appearance of the aerial vehicle can be changed in the flying process so as to adapt to widely-changed flying environments, complete various mission missions, effectively implement control, improve the maneuvering capability of the aerial vehicle and improve the flying performance. Smooth continuous deformation of the profile can be effectively achieved.

With the increasing complexity of the application of the aircraft, an aircraft which has a larger flight airspace and speed range, can realize high and low airspaces and high and low speeds and can execute various complex tasks such as reconnaissance, attack and the like is needed. Conventional aircraft are difficult to adapt to such wide variations in flight environment parameters and maintain excellent performance at all times. The deformable aircraft is a multipurpose and polymorphic aircraft with a brand-new concept, can be adaptively deformed according to the requirements of flight environment, flight profile, combat missions and the like, and enables the maneuvers such as flight path, flight height, flight speed and the like to be variable, flexible and free, so as to exert the optimal flight performance of the aircraft. The deformable aircraft can be applied to the traditional civil aircraft and the small unmanned aerial vehicle, so that the economic benefit is more outstanding.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a wing span-length-variable and sweep-back mechanism of an unmanned aerial vehicle, which can continuously change the span length and sweep-back angle of a deformable unmanned aerial vehicle wing through the driving of different motors, thereby improving the adaptability of the unmanned aerial vehicle to different flight states and improving the flight efficiency.

The wing span-variable and sweep-variable mechanism of the unmanned aerial vehicle comprises a sweep-variable synchronous screw mechanism, two pairs of sweep-variable screw driving mechanisms, a sweep-variable inner wing and a sweep-variable outer wing. The variable sweepback synchronous screw mechanism comprises an installation base (5), a motor slide rail (4), a double-head motor (9), a left-handed screw (8), a right-handed screw (10), a matched left-handed screw sleeve (7), a matched right-handed screw sleeve (11), a wing rotating mechanism (15) and a motion conversion mechanism (16). The variable-span length lead screw driving mechanism comprises a driving motor (6), a lead screw (3) and a lead screw sleeve (13), wherein the span-wise beam sleeve (14) of the outer wing is sleeved on an inner wing guide rod (12), and different motors enable the lead screw sleeve to move along the lead screw through positive rotation and reverse rotation, so that sweepback and span length change of the wing are realized.

The motor sliding rail (4) and the wing rotating mechanism (15) are respectively arranged on the base (5), and the double-head motor (9) is arranged on the motor sliding rail (4). Left and right screw rods are respectively fixed on two sides of the double-head motor (9), and then corresponding screw rod sleeves and a motion conversion mechanism (16) are installed on the screw rods to realize the change of the variable sweepback angle. The double-end motor (9) drives the screw sleeve to move, the motion conversion mechanism converts the linear motion of the screw sleeve along the screw into the circular motion of the wing around the rotating shaft, and then the change of the rotation angle of the motion conversion mechanism (16) is controlled. The variable mechanism controls the sweepback angle of the wing to be increased or decreased by forward rotation or reverse rotation of the double-head motor.

The variable-span long lead screw driving mechanism is characterized in that a motor (6) is positioned at the wing root of an inner wing, a lead screw (3) penetrates through the middle of the inner wing, and a lead screw sleeve (13) is positioned on a rib at the wing root end of an outer wing; the span-wise beam of the outboard wing is sleeved on the inboard wing guide rod (12) in a sleeving manner (14), and the motor (6) drives the screw rod sleeve (13) to move along the screw rod (3) through positive and negative rotation according to the requirement of aerodynamic appearance, so that the outboard wing is controlled to extend out of or retract into the inboard wing along the inboard wing guide rod (12), and the change of the span length of the aircraft is realized.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an exemplary diagram of an application of a wing span-length-variable and sweep-back mechanism of an unmanned aerial vehicle on the unmanned aerial vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of a wing variable-span length and sweep-back mechanism of an unmanned aerial vehicle in a fully extended state according to an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of a state in which an extended portion of a wing variable-extension and variable-sweep mechanism of an unmanned aerial vehicle provided by an embodiment of the invention is retracted into an inner wing;

fig. 4 is a schematic state diagram of an unmanned aerial vehicle wing variable span and variable sweep mechanism provided by the embodiment of the invention when the sweep angle is increased;

fig. 5 is a schematic state diagram of the unmanned aerial vehicle provided by the embodiment of the invention when the wing span-length-variable sweepback mechanism sweepback angle is reduced;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a state in which a sweep angle of a wing variable-span and variable-sweep mechanism of an unmanned aerial vehicle provided by an embodiment of the invention is maximum and an outer wing is partially retracted into an inner wing;

fig. 7 is a schematic view of a sweepback-varying synchronous screw mechanism of a wing span-varying length-varying sweepback-varying mechanism of an unmanned aerial vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

description of reference numerals:

1: the wing is changed from sweepback to span-length; 2: a variable sweep wing; 3: a variable-length lead screw driving mechanism lead screw; 4: a motor slide rail; 5: installing a base; 6: a motor; 7: a left-handed screw sleeve; 8: a left-handed lead screw; 9: a double-headed motor; 10: a right-handed screw; 11: a right-handed screw sleeve; 12: an inboard wing guide bar; 13: a variable-length lead screw driving mechanism lead screw sleeve; 14: an outboard wing spar tube; 15: a wing rotation mechanism; 16: a motion conversion mechanism.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing

The wing spreading length and sweep-variable mechanism of the unmanned aerial vehicle comprises a sweep-variable synchronous screw rod mechanism and two independent control mechanisms of two pairs of spreading length-variable screw rod driving mechanisms. The variable-span long lead screw driving mechanism comprises a driving motor, a lead screw sleeve and guiding devices (comprising a span-wise beam sleeve of an outer wing and an inner wing guiding rod) on inner and outer wings. The variable-span length lead screw driving mechanism consists of a motor, a lead screw sleeve and a guide structural member, wherein the motor enables the lead screw sleeve to move along the lead screw through positive rotation and negative rotation, and the change of the span length of the machine is controlled. The variable sweepback synchronous lead screw mechanism comprises an installation base, a motor slide rail, a double-head motor, a left-right rotating lead screw, a matched lead screw sleeve, a wing rotating structure and a conversion structure.

The motor slide rail and the wing rotating mechanism are respectively positioned on the mounting base, and the motor slide rail can move back and forth in a small range along the direction of the airplane body. Left and right screw rods are fixed on two sides of the double-head motor, and then corresponding screw rod sleeves and a motion conversion mechanism are installed on the screw rods. The double-end motor drives the screw rod sleeve to move, and the motion conversion mechanism converts the linear motion of the screw rod sleeve along the screw rod into the circular motion of the wings around the rotating shaft, so as to control the change of the sweepback angle of the wings. The variable sweepback mechanism controls the sweepback angle of the wing to be increased or decreased through forward rotation or reverse rotation of the double-head motor.

The variable-span long lead screw driving mechanism is characterized in that a motor is positioned at the wing root of an inner wing, a lead screw penetrates through the middle of the inner wing, and a lead screw sleeve is positioned on a rib at the wing root end of an outer wing; the span-wise beam sleeve of the outboard wing is sleeved on the guide rod of the inboard wing, the span-wise beam sleeve can reciprocate along the guide pipe, and the outboard wing can be retracted into the inboard wing to change the span length of the aircraft. According to the requirement of pneumatic appearance, the motor drives the screw sleeve to move along the screw rod through positive and negative rotation, and the outboard wing is controlled to extend out or contract from the inboard wing along the inboard wing guide rod, so that the span length of the aircraft wing is changed.

Working mode

(1) Variable length of spread

As shown in fig. 2, which is a schematic drawing of the extension of the variable-extension screw driving mechanism, when a motor of the mechanism drives a screw to rotate in a forward direction, a screw sleeve on a rib at the root end of an outboard wing controls the outboard and extends out of the inboard wing along a guide pipe, and the extension is lengthened; as shown in figure 3, when the motor of the mechanism drives the screw rod to rotate reversely, the outer wing retracts into the inner wing, and the expansion length is reduced.

(2) Variable sweep back

Referring to fig. 7, which is a schematic diagram of a variable-sweepback synchronous screw mechanism, referring to fig. 4, when the variable-sweepback double-head motor is controlled to rotate in the forward direction, the left-handed and right-handed screw sleeves are controlled to move in opposite directions along the screw, the wings on two sides are controlled to rotate around the rotating shafts relatively through the motion conversion mechanism, and the sweepback angle is increased. As shown in figure 5, when the double-head motor rotates reversely, the left-right screw sleeve is controlled to move relatively along the screw direction, and the sweepback angle is reduced.

The embodiment of the invention provides a wing expanding length and sweepback changing mechanism of an unmanned aerial vehicle. The equipped sweepback-changing and lengthening-changing mechanisms are relatively independent. According to different flight states, the sweep angle and the span length of the wing can be continuously changed according to actual flight state requirements.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, and not restrictive; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be modified in various ways, or equivalents may be substituted for some or all of the features thereof; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.