阅读说明：本技术 一种利用硫酸盐还原菌的砂岩型铀矿的找矿方法 (Ore searching method for sandstone-type uranium ore by using sulfate reducing bacteria ) 是由 耿海波 安丽平 张加赢 陈力 杜娜 于 2020-12-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种利用硫酸盐还原菌的砂岩型铀矿的找矿方法,步骤如下：采取待测区域的地下水样,将水样分成体积相等的两份,分别装入灭菌的玻璃瓶中；将一份水样在80-105℃下加热0.5-1.5min,备用；取加热后的水样和未做处理的水样,分别经系列梯度稀释后,加入Starkey培养基于试管中,在温度为28-37℃下深层厌氧培养,每个梯度系列平行做5根试管；培养后观察实验现象为阳性的试管数,根据MPN计数法得出水样中芽孢数量和硫酸盐还原菌菌体总量；通过与周围环境对比获得地球生物化学异常,进而圈定隐伏矿具体位置。该方法操作简便、投入低,周期短,同时具有易开展、准确度高等优点。(The invention relates to an ore searching method for sandstone-type uranium ore by using sulfate reducing bacteria, which comprises the following steps: taking an underground water sample of an area to be detected, dividing the water sample into two parts with equal volume, and respectively filling the two parts into sterilized glass bottles; heating a water sample at 80-105 deg.C for 0.5-1.5 min; diluting the heated water sample and the untreated water sample respectively by series of gradients, adding into Starkey culture medium test tubes, and performing deep anaerobic culture at 28-37 deg.C to obtain 5 test tubes in parallel for each gradient series; observing the number of test tubes with positive experimental phenomena after culture, and obtaining the number of spores and the total amount of the sulfate reducing bacteria in the water sample according to an MPN counting method; and obtaining the geochemical anomaly of the earth by comparing with the surrounding environment, and further delineating the specific position of the blind mine. The method has the advantages of simple operation, low investment, short period, easy development, high accuracy and the like.)

1. An ore searching method for sandstone-type uranium ore by using sulfate reducing bacteria is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, water sample collection: taking an underground water sample of an area to be detected, dividing the water sample into two parts with equal volume, respectively filling the two parts into sterilized glass bottles, and marking the two parts as a water sample A and a water sample B;

s2, water sample treatment: heating the water sample A at 80-105 ℃ for 0.5-1.5min for later use;

s3, thallus culture: diluting the water sample A heated in S2 and the water sample B heated in S1 with a series of ladders, respectively, adding the diluted water samples into Starkey culture medium test tubes, and carrying out deep anaerobic culture at 28-37 ℃, wherein 5 test tubes are parallelly made for each gradient series;

s4, counting thalli: observing the number of test tubes with positive experimental phenomena after culture, and obtaining the number of spores and the total amount of the sulfate reducing bacteria in the water sample according to an MPN counting method;

s5, positioning an ore deposit: and comparing with the surrounding environment to obtain geochemical abnormities, wherein the abnormities comprise the change of the number of sulfate reducing bacteria and the change of the number of spores/total amount of bacteria on the basis, and further delineating the specific position of the blind ore.

2. The method for searching for ores in sandstone-type uranium ores by using sulfate-reducing bacteria, according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises: the volume of the water sample A and the water sample B in the S1 is 0.5L.

3. The method for searching for ores in sandstone-type uranium ores by using sulfate-reducing bacteria, according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises: the positive test result in S4 is that the culture solution in the test tube produces black precipitate accompanied by H₂S is generated.

4. The method for searching for ores in sandstone-type uranium ores by using sulfate-reducing bacteria, according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises: the geochemical abnormality in the S5 is represented by that the total amount of sulfate reducing bacteria in the area to be detected is more than 3 times of the background data of the surrounding area, and on the basis, the number of spores/the total amount of bacteria is less than 10 percent, namely the geochemical environment is favorable; if the total amount of sulfate reducing bacteria in the area to be detected is more than 3 times of background data of the surrounding area and the spore number/thallus number is more than 80% on the basis, the area to be detected is the industrial uranium ore body.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of biological ore finding modes and application, in particular to an ore finding method for sandstone-type uranium ores by using sulfate reducing bacteria.

Background

The interlayer oxidized zone sandstone-type uranium ore has the characteristics of large ore quantity, low development cost, small environmental pollution and high output benefit, becomes the uranium ore type which has the development prospect and market competitiveness in the world in recent years, and is also a key object for the exploration and development of the uranium ore in China. In the past, the ore searching work of hidden uranium ores is mainly limited to a physical and chemical exploration technology, and the selected ore searching method generally has the characteristics of large investment, large workload, long period and the like. The search for a simple, efficient and accurate uranium ore prospecting method is always a subject to be solved by people.

The existing research shows that microorganisms play an important role in the uranium ore mineralization process, and particularly, the biogeochemical distribution of sulfate reducing bacteria has a close relationship with the uranium ore. However, under the influence of subject span, geological scientific researchers are more inclined to the existing physical and chemical methods to carry out ore exploration, the application of microorganisms in the field of uranium ore exploration is rarely mentioned, and how to carry out ore exploration by utilizing microorganisms with high correlation degree with uranium ore is urgent to solve the problems of establishing a new method and a new technology besides physical and chemical exploration.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved is as follows: aiming at the defects of large investment, large workload, long period and the like of the existing ore searching method, the invention provides the ore searching method of sandstone-type uranium ore by using sulfate reducing bacteria, and the method has the advantages of simple and convenient operation, low investment, short period, easy development, high accuracy and the like.

The technical scheme is as follows: an ore searching method for sandstone-type uranium ores by using sulfate reducing bacteria comprises the following steps:

s1, water sample collection: taking an underground water sample of an area to be detected, dividing the water sample into two parts with equal volume, respectively filling the two parts into sterilized glass bottles, and marking the two parts as a water sample A and a water sample B;

s2, water sample treatment: heating the water sample A at 80-105 ℃ for 0.5-1.5min for later use;

s3, thallus culture: diluting the water sample A heated in S2 and the water sample B heated in S1 with a series of ladders, respectively, adding the diluted water samples into Starkey culture medium test tubes, and carrying out deep anaerobic culture at 28-37 ℃, wherein 5 test tubes are parallelly made for each gradient series;

s4, counting thalli: observing the number of test tubes with positive experimental phenomena after culture, and obtaining the number of spores and the total amount of the sulfate reducing bacteria in the water sample according to an MPN counting method;

s5, positioning an ore deposit: and comparing with the surrounding environment to obtain geochemical abnormities, wherein the abnormities comprise the change of the number of sulfate reducing bacteria and the change of the number of spores/total amount of bacteria on the basis, and further delineating the specific position of the blind ore.

The volume of the water sample A and the water sample B in the S1 is 0.5L.

The sterilization method of the glass bottle in S1 is to sterilize the glass bottle by dry heat at 160-170 ℃ for 2h or by high pressure steam at 121 ℃ for 15 min.

The above-mentioned experimental phenomenon in S4 was positive, and was characterized in that the culture solution in the test tube produced a black precipitate accompanied by H₂S is generated.

The geochemical abnormality in the S5 is expressed by that the total amount of sulfate reducing bacteria in the area to be detected is more than 3 times of the background data of the surrounding area, and on the basis, the number of spores/the total amount of bacteria is less than 10 percent, namely the geochemical environment is favorable; if the total amount of sulfate reducing bacteria in the area to be detected is more than 3 times of background data of the surrounding area and the spore number/thallus number is more than 80% on the basis, the area to be detected is the industrial uranium ore body.

Has the advantages that: the ore searching method for sandstone-type uranium ore by using sulfate reducing bacteria provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the ore finding method provided by the invention can be used for judging the beneficial ore-forming area of the uranium ore and the area where the industrial uranium ore is located by using a microbiological method and only detecting the quantity and the proportion of the bacteria and spores of the sulfate reducing bacteria in the underground water sample;

2. the method has the advantages of simple and convenient operation, low labor intensity, short required time and convenient implementation of the ore finding work;

3. the microbiological method is used for carrying out the ore searching work of the sandstone-type uranium ores, can replace a physicochemical exploration technology or be combined with the physicochemical exploration technology for use, and improves the ore searching success rate.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments in order to make the objects, contents and advantages of the invention clearer.

The glass bottles used in the following examples were sterilized by autoclaving at 121 ℃ for 15min and then stored.

The formula of the Starkey culture medium is as follows: k₂HPO₄：0.5g；NH₄Cl：1.0g；Na₂SO₄：1.0g；CaCl₂•2H₂O：0.1g；MgSO₄•7H₂O: 2.0 g; 70% sodium lactate solution: 5.0 mL; distilled water: 1000 mL; pH = 7.0-7.5; in addition, 1% ammonium ferrous sulfate solution is prepared, and 5mL of ammonium ferrous sulfate solution is added into each 100mL of culture medium before use. The Starkey culture medium and the ferrous ammonium sulfate solution are respectively sterilized in an autoclave at 121 ℃ for 30min for later use.

The MPN counting method is referred to the standard HJ/T347-2007.

Example 1

And (3) collecting and analyzing a sulfate reducing bacteria sample in the uranium deposit of the decared beach rock type in Xinjiang.

Geological background: an interbedded oxidation zone type sandstone uranium deposit of Xinjiang decahong beach uranium deposit is positioned on an Aiding slope zone at the south edge of a Tou-Ha artesian basin, an ore-containing aquifer is present in coal-containing clastic rock of a west mountain kiln group of a Zhongraviola water west channel group, the main lithologies are conglomerate, coarse conglomerate-containing and medium-grain feldspar quartz sandstone, pore pressure bearing water is present, modern underground water flows from south to north generally, and the underground water is high-salinity Cl₄Na type water, the uranium content in underground water can reach 2.2451 x 10^-3g/L, which is predominantly UO₂(CO₃)₂The form migrates. On the regionThe beneficial groundwater supply-discharge system is a precondition for forming the deposit, the local structure is used as a local supply source to influence the flow direction of groundwater, so that the formation and the distribution direction of an interlayer oxidation zone and uranium mineralization are controlled, and the uranium mineralization is mainly produced in loose sandstone with relatively good aquifer permeability.

In this embodiment, the mining area is taken as an example, and the method of the present invention is used for analysis to verify the feasibility and reliability of the method of the present invention. The specific method comprises the following steps:

s1, water sample collection: taking an underground water sample of the place, dividing the water sample into two parts with the volume of 0.5L, respectively filling the two parts into glass bottles, and marking the two parts as a water sample A and a water sample B;

s2, water sample treatment: heating the water sample A at 90 ℃ for 1min to kill the vegetative somatic cells in the water sample A, then putting the water sample A into tap water for cooling for later use, and carrying out no treatment on the water sample B;

s3, thallus culture: respectively taking 1mL of the water sample A heated in the S2 and 1mL of the water sample B heated in the S1, diluting the water samples A and B by 10 times and 100 times respectively through a series of ladders, adding the water samples A and B into Starkey culture medium test tubes, carrying out deep anaerobic culture at the temperature of 30 ℃, and parallelly preparing 5 test tubes for each gradient series;

s4, counting thalli: after incubation, the culture medium was observed to produce a black precipitate with H in the tube₂S is generated, namely the experimental phenomenon is positive, the number of test tubes of which the experimental phenomenon is positive in the water sample A and the water sample B are respectively counted, the number of spores in the water sample and the total amount of thalli of sulfate reducing bacteria are obtained according to an MPN counting method, for example, in a three-group gradient concentration experiment of the water sample A with a redox zone, the number of positive test tubes is respectively (4, 1 and 1), and the Most Probable Number (MPN) table in the standard HJ/T347-; in three groups of gradient concentration experiments of the water sample B, the number of positive test tubes is respectively (5, 5 and 1), the number of sulfate reducing bacteria in the water sample B is found to be 35/mL by looking up a table, and the number of the sulfate reducing bacteria and spores in the water samples in other areas is solved in the same way;

s5, positioning an ore deposit: the measured data show that the number of the sulfate reducing bacteria in the groundwater in the surrounding area counted by the MPN counting method is 10/mL, the number of the sulfate reducing bacteria in the redox zone is 45/mL, the number of spores is 2/mL, and the number of spores/total amount of bacteria is 5.7%, so that the area is a favorable mineralization environment; the number of sulfate reducing bacteria in the reduction zone is 40/mL, the number of spores is 36/mL, and the number of spores/total amount of bacteria is 90%, so that the zone is an industrial uranium ore zone.

And dividing the regions according to the measured experimental data, and determining that the specific distribution region of the uranium ore is consistent with the actual uranium ore zonation.

Example 2

And (3) collecting and analyzing a sulfate reducing bacteria sample in the Ornithobium ore deposit of Oridosite Ornithoea of Oridosite Ore.

Geological background: the sandstone-type uranium ore in the east-win region is characterized by existing in a Jurassic direct-Arctic group and is divided into an upper lithologic section and a lower lithologic section, and the upper lithologic section and the lower lithologic section are in two distinct deposition environments during deposition, wherein the upper part of the lower section is gray green mudstone and gray green sandstone, the lower part is gray middle sandstone, which is a main uranium mineralization layer, and the ore control stratum is a multi-stage braided river sand body; the upper section of the direct-spiral group is mudstone, mauve fine sandstone and grayish green sandstone, the rock structure is loose, and the thickness of a sand body is 20-40 m. The ore-containing layer contains more organic matters such as carbon dust, plant debris and the like. The geochemical zonation of the rock with oxidation zone-redox zone-reduction zone is developed from north to south in turn.

In this embodiment, the mining area is taken as an example, and the method of the present invention is used for analysis to verify the feasibility and reliability of the method of the present invention. The specific method comprises the following steps:

s1, water sample collection: taking an underground water sample of the place, dividing the water sample into two parts with the volume of 0.5L, respectively filling the two parts into glass bottles, and marking the two parts as a water sample A and a water sample B;

s2, water sample treatment: heating the water sample A at 90 ℃ for 1min to kill the vegetative somatic cells in the water sample A, then putting the water sample A into tap water for cooling for later use, and carrying out no treatment on the water sample B;

s3, thallus culture: respectively taking 1mL of the water sample A heated in S2 and 1mL of the water sample B heated in S1, diluting the water samples respectively through a series of ladders, adding the water samples into Starkey culture medium test tubes, carrying out deep anaerobic culture at the temperature of 30 ℃, and parallelly preparing 5 test tubes for each gradient series;

s4, counting thalli: culturingPost-observation, when the culture solution in the test tube produced a black precipitate accompanied by H₂S is generated, namely the experimental phenomenon is positive, the number of test tubes of which the experimental phenomenon is positive in the water sample A and the water sample B are respectively counted, the number of spores in the water sample and the total amount of thalli of sulfate reducing bacteria are obtained according to an MPN counting method, for example, in a three-group gradient concentration experiment of the water sample A with a redox zone, the number of positive test tubes is respectively (5, 1 and 2), and the number of spores in the water sample A is known to be 6/mL by checking a Most Probable Number (MPN) table in a standard HJ/T347-; in three sets of gradient concentration experiments of the water sample B, the number of positive test tubes is respectively (5, 5 and 3), the number of sulfate reducing bacteria in the water sample B is 92/mL by looking up a table, and the number of the sulfate reducing bacteria and spores in the water samples in other areas is calculated in the same way;

s5, positioning an ore deposit: the measured data show that the number of sulfate reducing bacteria in the surrounding area is 15/mL, the number of sulfate reducing bacteria in a redox zone is 85/mL, the number of spores is 6/mL, and the number of spores/total amount of bacteria is 7.1% according to the statistics of an MPN counting method, so that the area is a favorable mineralization environment; the number of sulfate reducing bacteria in the reduction zone is 60/mL, the number of spores is 55/mL, and the number of spores/total amount of bacteria is 91.7%, so that the zone is an industrial uranium ore zone.

And dividing the regions according to the measured experimental data, and determining that the specific distribution region of the uranium ore is consistent with the actual uranium ore zonation.

While the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments of the present invention can be practiced without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims.