阅读说明：本技术 一种染色助剂及其在涤纶染色中的应用 (Dyeing auxiliary and application thereof in polyester dyeing ) 是由 顾志锋 沈忠安 董治昌 于 2020-11-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种染色助剂及其在涤纶染色中的应用,属于染整技术领域。本发明所述的染色助剂的组分包括混合酸和醋酸钠,所述的混合酸包括甲酸、柠檬酸、硫酸、DL-苹果酸和双酸化合物,甲酸、柠檬酸、硫酸、DL-苹果酸和双酸化合物的质量比为10～1：2～10：1～10：2～10：1～10；所述的混合酸与醋酸钠的质量比为1～10：1～10。将本发明所述的染色助剂应用到涤纶染色中,上染率可以达到98.2％以上,色牢度强,且涤纶织物强力几乎没有受损。(The invention discloses a dyeing auxiliary and application thereof in polyester dyeing, belonging to the technical field of dyeing and finishing. The dyeing auxiliary comprises mixed acid and sodium acetate, wherein the mixed acid comprises formic acid, citric acid, sulfuric acid, DL-malic acid and a diacid compound, and the mass ratio of the formic acid to the citric acid to the sulfuric acid to the DL-malic acid to the diacid compound is (10-1): 2-10: 1-10: 2-10: 1-10; the mass ratio of the mixed acid to the sodium acetate is 1-10: 1 to 10. When the dyeing auxiliary agent disclosed by the invention is applied to polyester dyeing, the dye-uptake can reach more than 98.2%, the color fastness is strong, and the strength of polyester fabric is hardly damaged.)

1. A diacid compound having the structural formula shown in formula 1:

wherein R ═ C₁₆H₃₃。

2. A process for preparing the diacid compound of claim 1 comprising the steps of:

(1) preparation of compound a:

adding 1, 3-acetone diethyl dicarboxylate, triethyl orthoformate and urea into xylene, stirring and refluxing for 5 hours at 150 ℃, then carrying out reduced pressure rotary evaporation to remove ethanol generated in the reaction process, continuing stirring and refluxing for 1 hour to fully react, cooling, filtering, washing and drying to obtain a light yellow powder compound a;

(2) preparation of Compound b

Respectively adding a compound a, 1-bromohexadecane and anhydrous potassium carbonate into a solvent N, N-dimethylformamide, reacting at 80 ℃ for 12h, cooling, filtering, concentrating the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain a crude product, dissolving the crude product in dichloromethane, washing, drying an organic phase with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtering, concentrating the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain an oily liquid, and performing column chromatography separation and purification to obtain a yellow viscous oily compound b;

(3) preparation of the diacid compound:

adding 0.5M NaOH solution into the ethanol solution dissolved with the compound b, and stirring at room temperature overnight; removing ethanol under reduced pressure, adding 1M HCl solution into the residual solution for neutralization, filtering, and washing with water until pH is neutral to obtain the diacid compound.

3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the xylene, diethyl 1, 3-acetonedicarboxylate, triethyl orthoformate and urea are used in the amount ratio of 300 mL: 0.50 mol: 1.00 mol: 0.75 mol.

4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the amount ratio of the N, N-dimethylformamide, the compound a, 1-bromohexadecane and anhydrous potassium carbonate in the step (2) is 300 mL: 11.95 g: 18.25 g: 9.66 g.

5. The method according to claim 2, wherein the amount ratio of the compound b to the NaOH solution in the step (3) is 8.15 g: 100 mL.

6. A dyeing assistant containing the diacid compound of claim 1, wherein the components comprise mixed acid and sodium acetate, the mixed acid comprises formic acid, citric acid, sulfuric acid, DL-malic acid and diacid compound, and the mass ratio of the formic acid, the citric acid, the sulfuric acid, the DL-malic acid and the diacid compound is 10-1: 2-10: 1-10: 2-10: 1 to 10.

7. The dyeing assistant according to claim 6, wherein the mass ratio of the mixed acid to the sodium acetate is 1-10: 1 to 10.

8. Process for the preparation of the dyeing assistant according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

mixing the raw materials in a mass ratio of 10-1: 2-10: 1-10: 2-10: 1-10 parts of formic acid, citric acid, sulfuric acid, DL-malic acid, a diacid compound and sodium acetate are uniformly mixed to obtain the emulsion-shaped dyeing auxiliary agent.

9. Use of the dyeing assistant according to claim 6 or 7 for dyeing polyester.

10. The application according to claim 9, characterized in that it is specifically:

dissolving a disperse dye in water, adding a dyeing auxiliary agent to adjust the pH value to 4-6, and uniformly mixing to obtain a dye solution; then, putting the polyester fabric into a dye solution for dyeing; and after dyeing is finished, reducing, cleaning and drying to obtain the dyed polyester fabric.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a dyeing auxiliary and application thereof in polyester dyeing, belonging to the technical field of dyeing and finishing.

Background

The research on the dyeing auxiliary agent which is more environment-friendly, energy-saving and low in cost is an inevitable problem in the development of dyeing and finishing enterprises at present. From the aspect of demand, China is an important textile production base in the world, and the yield of chemical fiber fabrics, particularly polyester fabrics, is relatively high. In the prior dyeing method of the terylene, the terylene is dyed at high temperature and high pressure most commonly.

In the process of dyeing the terylene by using the disperse dye under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure, the pH control of the dye bath is crucial, the pH of the dye bath not only influences the diffusivity, the dye uptake and the level dyeing degree of the dye, but also obviously influences the color light, which is caused by the self property of the disperse dye. Each dye has a suitable pH range, and high dye uptake and stable shade can be obtained by dyeing in the range. Most disperse dyes must dye within the pH range of 4-6, and part of acid and alkali resistant dyes can obtain better dyeing quality within the pH range of 2-9. If the pH range of the dye is exceeded, some amino group-containing dyes tend to absorb hydrogen ions and generate amino cations when the acidity is too strong. When the alkalinity is too strong, some dyes containing ester group, phthalein amido group, cyano group, nitroso group or azo structure dyes can form one or more carboxyl groups under the condition of alkalinity and high temperature and change color.

In the current terylene cloth dyeing industry production, the most commonly used dyeing acid buffer system is still an acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer system. Glacial acetic acid has long industrial use history, mature dyeing control process, stable quality and good effect, but has a plurality of defects, the glacial acetic acid has larger pungent smell and has irritant effect on eyes, mouth and nose by steam; the low temperature is easy to freeze, especially COD and BOD are higher, and the dyeing rate of the hydrophobic fiber is not ideal. In addition, the market has limited sources and higher use cost.

Therefore, the development of a dyeing assistant with low cost, good dyeing effect and environmental protection is a problem which needs to be solved at present.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve at least one problem, the invention provides a diacid compound, the diacid compound is mixed with other acids to form a dyeing auxiliary agent, and then the dyeing auxiliary agent is used for dyeing terylene, so that the dyeing effect is good, the cost is low, and the environment is protected.

The first purpose of the invention is to provide a diacid compound, the structural formula of which is shown as formula 1:

wherein R ═ C₁₆H₃₃。

In one embodiment of the present invention, the synthesis route of the diacid compound is:

the second object of the present invention is a method for synthesizing the diacid compound of the present invention, comprising the steps of:

(1) preparation of compound a:

adding 1, 3-acetone diethyl dicarboxylate, triethyl orthoformate and urea into xylene, stirring and refluxing for 5 hours at 150 ℃, then carrying out reduced pressure rotary evaporation to remove ethanol generated in the reaction process, continuing stirring and refluxing for 1 hour to fully react, cooling, filtering, washing and drying to obtain a light yellow powder compound a;

(2) preparation of Compound b

Respectively adding a compound a, 1-bromohexadecane and anhydrous potassium carbonate into a solvent N, N-dimethylformamide, reacting at 80 ℃ for 12h, cooling, filtering, concentrating the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain a crude product, dissolving the crude product in dichloromethane, washing, drying an organic phase with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtering, concentrating the filtrate under reduced pressure to obtain an oily liquid, and performing column chromatography separation and purification to obtain a yellow viscous oily compound b;

(3) preparation of the diacid compound:

adding 0.5M NaOH solution into the ethanol solution dissolved with the compound b, and stirring at room temperature overnight; removing ethanol under reduced pressure, adding 1M HCl solution into the residual solution for neutralization, filtering, and washing with water until pH is neutral to obtain the diacid compound.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the xylene, diethyl 1, 3-acetonedicarboxylate, triethyl orthoformate and urea in step (1) are used in a ratio of 300 mL: 0.50 mol: 1.00 mol: 0.75 mol.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the amount ratio of the N, N-dimethylformamide, the compound a, 1-bromohexadecane and anhydrous potassium carbonate in the step (2) is 300 mL: 11.95 g: 18.25 g: 9.66 g.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the amount ratio of the compound b to the NaOH solution in step (3) is 8.15 g: 100 mL.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the method for synthesizing the diacid compound specifically includes the following steps:

(1) adding diethyl 1, 3-acetonedicarboxylate (0.50mol), triethyl orthoformate (1.00mol) and urea (0.75mol) into xylene (300mL), and stirring and refluxing at 150 ℃ for 5 hours; then, carrying out reduced pressure rotary evaporation to remove ethanol generated in the reaction process, continuously stirring and refluxing for reaction for 1h to ensure that the reaction is complete, cooling to room temperature, filtering to obtain a crude product, fully washing the crude product with dichloromethane, and carrying out vacuum drying at 60 ℃ to obtain a light yellow powder compound a;

(2) adding a compound a (11.95g), 1-bromohexadecane (18.25g) and anhydrous potassium carbonate (9.66g) into a solvent N, N-dimethylformamide (300mL), reacting at 80 ℃ for 12h, cooling to room temperature, filtering, dissolving a crude product obtained by concentrating a filtrate under reduced pressure into dichloromethane, fully washing with saturated saline and water for more than 3 times, drying an organic phase with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtering, and separating and purifying an oily liquid obtained by concentrating the filtrate under reduced pressure by column chromatography to obtain a yellow viscous oily compound b;

(3) to an ethanol solution containing 8.15g (20mmol) of Compound b was added 0.5M NaOH solution (100mL), and the mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight; removing ethanol under reduced pressure, adding 1M HCl solution into the residual solution for neutralization, filtering, and washing with water until pH is neutral; obtaining the diacid compound.

The third purpose of the invention is to provide a dyeing assistant containing the diacid compound, which comprises the components of mixed acid and sodium acetate, wherein the mixed acid comprises formic acid, citric acid, sulfuric acid, DL-malic acid and the diacid compound, and the mass ratio of the formic acid to the citric acid to the sulfuric acid to the DL-malic acid to the diacid compound is 10-1: 2-10: 1-10: 2-10: 1-10; more preferably 10: 2: 1: 2: 1.

in one embodiment of the invention, the mass ratio of the mixed acid to the sodium acetate is 1-10: 1-10; more preferably 1: 1.

a fourth object of the present invention is a process for preparing the dyeing assistant according to the present invention, comprising the steps of:

mixing the raw materials in a mass ratio of 10-1: 2-10: 1-10: 2-10: 1-10 parts of formic acid, citric acid, sulfuric acid, DL-malic acid and a diacid compound, and sodium acetate are uniformly mixed to obtain the emulsion-shaped dyeing auxiliary agent

The fifth purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the dyeing auxiliary agent in polyester dyeing.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the application specifically is:

dissolving a disperse dye in water, adding a dyeing auxiliary agent to adjust the pH value to 4-6, and uniformly mixing to obtain a dye solution; then, putting the polyester fabric into a dye solution for dyeing; and after dyeing is finished, reducing, cleaning and drying to obtain the dyed polyester fabric.

In one embodiment of the invention, the disperse dye is one or more of disperse blue HA-2R, disperse red GS and disperse orange GL.

In one embodiment of the invention, the disperse dyes are used in an amount of 0.5 to 2% (owf), more preferably 1% (owf).

In one embodiment of the present invention, the bath ratio of the dyeing is 1: 20-40, more preferably 1: 30.

in one embodiment of the present invention, the dyeing conditions are specifically: setting a high-temperature high-pressure dyeing machine to heat from room temperature to 75 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min; then heating from 75 ℃ to 125 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min; dyeing at 125 deg.C for 30min, and cooling to below 80 deg.C.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the reduction cleaning is cleaning with a reduction cleaning solution, and the reduction cleaning solution comprises the following components: 2g/L of sodium hydrosulfite (sodium hydrosulfite), 2g/L of sodium hydroxide, bath ratio of 1:30, of a nitrogen-containing gas; the reducing and cleaning conditions are that the temperature is 80 ℃ and the time is 15 min.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the dyeing auxiliary agent has strong acidity stability, has stronger buffering capacity on alkali than acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer solution, and can ensure the stability of the pH value of the dye bath.

(2) After the dyeing assistant disclosed by the invention is used for dyeing terylene, the dyeing rate of the terylene is high and reaches more than 98.2%, the color fastness is strong, and the strength of the terylene fabric is hardly damaged.

(3) Compared with acetic acid, the acidity of the dyeing auxiliary agent is slightly higher, so that in practical application, the consumption of the dyeing auxiliary agent is less than that of the acetic acid, the dyeing cost is lower, and the dyeing auxiliary agent is suitable for industrialization.

(4) The dyeing auxiliary of the invention has a dispersing function, so that in practical application, a dispersing agent can be avoided.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a NMR spectrum of the diacid compound of example 1.

FIG. 2 is a mass spectrum of the diacid compound of example 1.

FIG. 3 is a process flow of dyeing polyester.

Detailed Description

The following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is provided for the purpose of better illustrating the invention and is not intended to limit the invention thereto.

The test method comprises the following steps:

1. and (3) dye liquor pH test: the dye pH was measured using a pH scan20 pen acidimeter each sample was tested three times and the average was taken.

2. And (3) testing the color difference of the fabric: the color depth and the color difference of the dyeing assistant dyed cloth sample are measured on a datacolor 680 color measuring and matching instrument by taking a dye bath dyed cloth sample with the pH value of 5.3 regulated by an acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer system as a standard sample.

3. And (3) testing the dye uptake of the disperse dye: 2mL of dye solution is respectively taken before and after dyeing, and the volume is determined in a 25mL volumetric flask by taking acetone as a solvent. Testing an absorbance curve of the dye solution on an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer, and calculating the dye uptake of the dye; determining the maximum absorption wavelength of the dye solution through the absorption wavelength corresponding to the highest point of the absorbance curve, and then determining the absorbance of the dye solution corresponding to the maximum absorption wavelength; finally, calculating the dye-uptake percentage according to a formula; the specific calculation formula is as follows:

percent dye uptake (%) - (amount of dye on fiber/total amount of dye input) × 100%

X (total amount of dye-amount of dye in dye liquor)/total amount of dye) 100%

The ratio of (initial dye liquor optical density-dye liquor optical density at certain dyeing moment)/initial dye liquor optical density ] x 100%

4. Soaping fastness: according to the standard GB/T3921-2008 soaping color fastness of textile color fastness test, an SW-12A type color fastness to washing tester is used for measuring the soaping fastness of the dyed fabric.

5. Color fastness to staining: the staining fastness of the sample is evaluated according to GB/T251 and 2008 'Gray sample card for assessing staining'.

6. Rubbing fastness: according to the standard of GB/T3920-. Both dry and wet rubfastness were tested and the staining fastness of the samples was assessed according to GB/T251-2008 Grey sample card for assessment of staining.

7. And (3) strength test: according to the test standard GB/T3923.1-2013 'determination strip sample method for tensile property, breaking strength and breaking elongation of fabric', a YG-026A type electronic fabric strength machine is used for determining the breaking elongation and the breaking strength of the dyed fabric in the warp direction.

Example 1

The preparation method of the diacid compound comprises the following steps:

(1) adding diethyl 1, 3-acetonedicarboxylate (0.50mol), triethyl orthoformate (1.00mol) and urea (0.75mol) into xylene (300mL), stirring and refluxing for 5h at 150 ℃, and then generating a large amount of yellow product precipitate; performing reduced pressure rotary evaporation to remove ethanol generated in the reaction process, continuously stirring and refluxing for reaction for 1h to ensure that the reaction is complete, cooling to room temperature, and filtering to obtain a crude product, and fully washing the crude product with dichloromethane for more than 3 times until the washing liquid is colorless; then vacuum drying at 60 ℃ to obtain a light yellow powder compound a;

the result of the nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectrum of the compound a is as follows:¹H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.18(s,1H),8.19(s,2H),4.18(q,J＝7.3Hz,4H),1.25(t,J＝7.3Hz,6H)。

(2) adding a compound a (11.95g), 1-bromohexadecane (18.25g) and anhydrous potassium carbonate (9.66g) into a solvent N, N-dimethylformamide (300mL), stirring at 80 ℃ for reaction for 12 hours, cooling to room temperature, filtering, dissolving a crude product obtained by concentrating a filtrate under reduced pressure into dichloromethane (400mL), fully washing with saturated saline and water for more than 3 times, drying an organic phase with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtering, and separating and purifying an oily liquid obtained by concentrating the filtrate under reduced pressure by column chromatography (N-hexane: ethyl acetate: 3: 1) to obtain a yellow viscous oily compound b;

the result of the nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectrum of the compound b is as follows:¹H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.03(s,2H),4.36(q,J＝7.1Hz,4H),3.84(t,J＝7.4Hz,2H),1.94–1.78(m,2H),1.45–1.19(m,32H),0.88(t,J＝6.8Hz,3H)。HRMS-ESI:calculated for[M+Na]+(C₂₇H₄₅O₅N₁Na)：m/z 486.3,found:m/z 486.4。

(3) dropwise adding a 0.5M NaOH solution (100mL) into an ethanol solution (200mL) in which 8.15g of the compound b is dissolved, and stirring at room temperature overnight; ethanol was removed under reduced pressure, and the remaining solution was neutralized with 1M HCl (60mL), filtered, and washed with water to neutral pH to give the diacid compound.

The specific synthetic route is as follows:

wherein R ═ C₁₆H₃₃。

The nmr hydrogen spectrum (fig. 1) of the final product (diacid compound) results in:

¹H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ14.28(s,2H),8.87(s,2H),4.26(t,J＝7.4Hz,2H),1.78(m,J＝13.8,7.0Hz,2H),1.25(s,26H),0.86(t,J＝6.8Hz,3H)。HRMS-ESI:calculated for[M+H]⁺(C₂₃H₃₇O₅NH₁)：m/z 408.2,found:m/z 408.2。

example 2

A preparation method of a dyeing auxiliary comprises the following steps:

according to the mass ratio of the mixed acid to the sodium acetate of 1: 1, the mass ratio of formic acid, citric acid, sulfuric acid, DL-malic acid and the diacid compound of example 1 in the mixed acid is 10: 2: 1: 2: 1, mixing all the components, and stirring at the stirring speed of 1000rpm for 10min at 25 ℃ to uniformly mix to obtain the dyeing auxiliary agent.

Example 3

The mass ratios of formic acid, citric acid, sulfuric acid, DL-malic acid and the diacid compound of example 1 in example 2 were adjusted as shown in table 1, and the others were kept the same as in example 2 to obtain a dyeing assistant.

The dyeing auxiliary obtained in examples 2 and 3 is used for dyeing terylene as shown in figure 3, and specifically comprises the following steps:

dissolving disperse scarlet GS (with the dosage of 1% owf) in water, adding a dyeing auxiliary agent to adjust the pH value to 5.3, and uniformly mixing to obtain a dye solution; then putting the polyester fabric into a dye liquor, and controlling the bath ratio to be 1: and 30, setting a high-temperature high-pressure dyeing machine to heat up to 75 ℃ from room temperature at the speed of 3 ℃/min, then heating up to 125 ℃ from 75 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min, dyeing for 30min at 125 ℃, then cooling to 80 ℃ at full speed, dyeing, then carrying out reduction cleaning (the formula of reduction cleaning solution is 2g/L of sodium hydrosulfite (sodium hydrosulfite), 2g/L of sodium hydroxide, the bath ratio is 1:30, the temperature is 80 ℃, the time is 15min), and drying to obtain the dyed polyester fabric.

The performance test of the dyed polyester fabric is carried out, and the test result is shown in table 1:

table 1 results of the dyeing tests of example 2 and example 3

Comparative example 1

The dyeing assistant in example 2 was adjusted to be an acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer system (the ratio of acetic acid to sodium acetate was 1: 1), and the rest was kept the same as example 2 to obtain the dyeing assistant.

Comparative example 2

The dyeing assistant in example 2 was adjusted to a sulfuric acid solution (concentration: 0.1mol/L), and the other examples were conducted in the same manner as in example 2 to obtain a dyeing assistant.

The dyeing auxiliary obtained in the example 2 and the comparative examples 1 and 2 is used for dyeing terylene, and specifically comprises the following steps:

dissolving disperse scarlet GS, disperse orange GL and disperse blue HA-2R (the dosage is 1% owf) in water, adding a dyeing auxiliary agent to adjust the pH value to 5.3, and uniformly mixing to obtain a dye solution; then putting the polyester fabric into a dye liquor, and controlling the bath ratio to be 1: and 30, setting a high-temperature high-pressure dyeing machine to heat up to 75 ℃ from room temperature at the speed of 3 ℃/min, then heating up to 125 ℃ from 75 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min, dyeing for 30min at 125 ℃, then cooling to 80 ℃ at full speed, dyeing, then carrying out reduction cleaning (the formula of reduction cleaning solution is 2g/L of sodium hydrosulfite (sodium hydrosulfite), 2g/L of sodium hydroxide, the bath ratio is 1:30, the temperature is 80 ℃, the time is 15min), and drying to obtain the dyed polyester fabric.

The performance test of the dyed polyester fabric is carried out, and the test results are shown in tables 2 to 7:

TABLE 2 dye uptake for example 2, control 1 and control 2

Table 3 pH before and after dyeing of example 2, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2

Table 4 color test results of example 2

Dye material	Δ L (lightness)	Delta a (Red-green color difference)	Delta b (yellow-blue color difference)	Delta E (Total color difference)
					Disperse Red GS	0.16	0.08	0.52	0.55
Disperse orange GL	0.05	-0.22	-0.16	0.28
					Disperse blue HA-2R	-0.15	-0.13	0.34	0.40

Table 5 results of soaping fastness test of example 2 and comparative example 1

Table 6 test results of rubfastness of example 2 and comparative example 1

Table 7 test results of the strengths of example 2 and comparative example 1

Index (I)	Original polyester fabric	Comparative example 1	Example 2
				Elongation at break/%	17.5	18.8	18.2
Breaking strength/N	825	821	823

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.