阅读说明：本技术 一种基于vcsel混合激光的空间微弱目标红外探测系统 (VCSEL (vertical cavity surface emitting laser) -mixed laser-based space weak target infrared detection system ) 是由 代京京 赵思思 王智勇 张景豪 于 2020-07-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于VCSEL混合激光的空间微弱目标红外探测系统,属于空间微弱目标探测技术领域,其包括：包括：VCSEL混合激光系统,VCSEL混合激光系统作为待测空间微弱目标的主动辐照光源,用于出射高频与大功率连续混合红外激光；其中,大功率红外激光作为空间的基础光,高频红外激光用于在基础光的基础上捕捉待测空间微弱目标；红外探测器,用于探测待测空间微弱目标的反射激光信号；计算系统,用于根据反射激光信号获取待测空间微弱目标的信息。本发明提高了整个探测系统的探测精度,可以实现全天时全天候探测；VCSEL红外激光器光束质量好,有利于适配的光学系统的设计。(The invention discloses a VCSEL mixed laser-based spatial weak target infrared detection system, which belongs to the technical field of spatial weak target detection and comprises the following components: the method comprises the following steps: the VCSEL hybrid laser system is used as an active irradiation light source of a weak target in a space to be detected and is used for emitting high-frequency and high-power continuous hybrid infrared laser; the high-power infrared laser is used as basic light of a space, and the high-frequency infrared laser is used for capturing a weak target of the space to be detected on the basis of the basic light; the infrared detector is used for detecting a reflected laser signal of a weak target in a space to be detected; and the computing system is used for acquiring the information of the weak target in the space to be detected according to the reflected laser signal. The invention improves the detection precision of the whole detection system and can realize all-weather detection all day long; the VCSEL infrared laser has good beam quality and is beneficial to the design of an adaptive optical system.)

1. A VCSEL mixed laser-based spatial weak target infrared detection system is characterized by comprising:

the VCSEL hybrid laser system is used as an active irradiation light source of a weak target in a space to be detected and is used for emitting high-frequency and high-power continuous hybrid infrared laser; the high-power infrared laser is used as basic light of a space, and the high-frequency infrared laser is used for capturing a weak target of the space to be detected on the basis of the basic light;

the infrared detector is used for detecting a reflected laser signal of a weak target in a space to be detected;

and the computing system is used for acquiring the information of the weak target in the space to be detected according to the reflected laser signal.

2. The detection system of claim 1, wherein the VCSEL hybrid laser system comprises two types of VCSEL lasers;

a high power infrared VCSEL laser with a power of 1KW-10 KW;

an infrared high-frequency VCSEL laser with the frequency of 40GHz-100 GHz.

3. The detection system of claim 1, further comprising:

the incident optical system is used for carrying out incident light treatment on the high-frequency and high-power continuous mixed infrared laser to form a high-brightness active irradiation light source for irradiating a space target to be measured; wherein the incident light processing comprises one or more of expanding beam, collimating, adjusting divergence angle, adjusting shape, and adjusting polarization state.

4. The detection system of claim 1, further comprising:

the reflection optical system is used for carrying out reflected light processing on the reflected laser signal, and the processed reflected light is detected by the infrared detector; wherein the reflected light processing includes narrow band filtering and optical imaging.

5. The detection system of claim 1, wherein the weak target in the space to be detected is a space debris with a diameter of 1-10 cm.

6. The detection system of claim 1, wherein the computing system is configured to identify the weak target in the space to be detected by separating the space debris from the background sidereal by the reflected signal using a gating mode of high repetition frequency pulse laser and multi-pulse superposition.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of space weak target detection, in particular to a VCSEL mixed laser-based space weak target infrared detection system.

Background

In recent decades, as the number of spacecraft launches has increased, the number of failed spacecraft, as well as space debris formed by falls, collisions, explosions, etc., has also increased year by year. Since 1957, 4500 space vehicles were launched into space, approximately 220 remaining on orbit. Of these, only about 450 are still in use. The large and medium space debris mainly comes from discarded satellites, rockets, and their casts, and the tiny debris mainly includes satellite surface casts, engine ejected debris, debris from collisions or explosions, and the like. Due to the increasing number of fragments in recent years, it has become an important factor affecting (threatening) the safety of human aerospace activities. Therefore, the research of the evolution process of knowing the distribution of the fragments and then performing fragment environment becomes the focus of the current space fragment work.

The detection is the basis for mastering the distribution condition of the space debris, and the detection data is an important basis for establishing a distribution mode, so the detection is a vital work in the space debris research. The abandoned spacecraft or the large space debris are easy to observe and catalog, and a large amount of medium and small space debris and a large amount of space tiny debris are difficult to observe.

Because the space debris is not a light source, the detector needs to receive electromagnetic waves reflected by the debris to obtain debris information; because the space debris is small in size and high in relative operation speed, the emitted signals are weak and easy to annihilate in fixed stars and air background radiation, so that the detector is difficult to detect weak debris signals and further difficult to acquire debris information.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a VCSEL mixed laser-based spatial weak target infrared detection system.

The invention discloses a VCSEL mixed laser-based spatial weak target infrared detection system, which comprises:

the VCSEL hybrid laser system is used as an active irradiation light source of a weak target in a space to be detected and is used for emitting high-frequency and high-power continuous hybrid infrared laser; the high-power infrared laser is used as basic light of a space, and the high-frequency infrared laser is used for capturing a weak target of the space to be detected on the basis of the basic light;

the infrared detector is used for detecting a reflected laser signal of a weak target in a space to be detected;

and the computing system is used for acquiring the information of the weak target in the space to be detected according to the reflected laser signal.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the VCSEL hybrid laser system includes two types of VCSEL lasers;

a high power infrared VCSEL laser with a power of 1KW-10 KW;

an infrared high-frequency VCSEL laser with the frequency of 40GHz-100 GHz.

As a further improvement of the invention, the method also comprises the following steps:

the incident optical system is used for carrying out incident light treatment on the high-frequency and high-power continuous mixed infrared laser to form a high-brightness active irradiation light source for irradiating a space target to be measured; wherein the incident light processing comprises one or more of expanding beam, collimating, adjusting divergence angle, adjusting shape, and adjusting polarization state.

As a further improvement of the invention, the method also comprises the following steps:

the reflection optical system is used for carrying out reflected light processing on the reflected laser signal, and the processed reflected light is detected by the infrared detector; wherein the reflected light processing includes narrow band filtering and optical imaging.

As a further improvement of the invention, the weak target of the space to be measured is a space debris with the diameter of 1-10 cm.

As a further improvement of the invention, the computing system is used for adopting a gating mode of high repetition frequency pulse laser and multi-pulse superposition, distinguishing space debris from background stars through reflected signals and identifying a weak target in a space to be detected.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention improves the detection precision of the whole detection system and can realize all-weather detection all day long; the VCSEL infrared laser has good beam quality, is beneficial to the design of an adaptive optical system, has low imaging noise and high imaging precision, has small system volume, low power consumption and light weight, and is suitable for carrying and using in space.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a VCSEL-mixed-laser-based spatial weak target infrared detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:

as shown in fig. 1, the present invention discloses a VCSEL mixed laser based spatial weak target infrared detection system, which includes: the device comprises a VCSEL hybrid laser system, an incident optical system, a reflection optical system, an infrared detector and a computing system; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the VCSEL hybrid laser system is used as an active irradiation light source of a weak target in a space to be detected and is used for emitting high-frequency and high-power continuous hybrid infrared laser; the high-power infrared laser is used as basic light of a space and is mainly used for illuminating the space lacking illuminance in the space so as to distinguish spontaneous irradiation electromagnetic waves of a space background and counteract interference of a space background light radiation signal and a background star reflection signal on a weak target of the space to be detected during detection; the high-frequency infrared laser is used for capturing a fast moving weak target in a space to be detected on the basis of basic light;

further, the VCSEL hybrid laser system comprises two types of VCSEL lasers, namely a high-power infrared VCSEL laser with the power of 1KW-10KW and an infrared high-frequency VCSEL laser with the frequency of 40GHz-100 GHz. Still further, the VCSEL infrared laser source may be a VCSEL single tube infrared laser source, and more generally, a VCSEL array infrared laser source. In particular, the VCSEL array infrared laser source can use the same VCSEL single tube to form an array, and can also use different VCSEL single tubes to form an array to emit dual-wavelength laser or multi-wavelength laser. Further, the VCSEL infrared laser source is not limited to a VCSEL infrared laser source product with a specific wavelength, but refers to all vertical cavity surface emitting semiconductor lasers, and each VCSEL monotube infrared laser source operates with a stable single wavelength, and the emission wavelengths include, but are not limited to 808nm, 850nm, 860nm, 945nm, 975nm, and 1064 nm.

Furthermore, the VCSEL infrared laser source may be integrated with the space debris detector for use, or may be separated from the space debris detector, but it should be ensured that the laser emitted from the VCSEL infrared laser source may be reflected to the space debris detector via the detected space debris. Furthermore, VCSEL infrared laser sources have to be adapted to the corresponding space debris detectors. The method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of adapting the emitting wavelength of a VCSEL infrared laser source to the receiving waveband of a space debris detector, adapting the output power of the VCSEL infrared laser source to the detection threshold of the space debris detector, adapting the pulse frequency of the VCSEL infrared laser source to the scanning frequency of the space debris detector, and adapting the illumination range of the VCSEL infrared laser source to the detection range of the space debris detector.

Further, the weak target of the space to be detected is a space fragment or fragment group with the diameter of 1-10 cm.

The incident optical system is used for carrying out incident light treatment on high-frequency and high-power continuous mixed infrared laser to form a high-brightness active irradiation light source for irradiating a space target to be detected; the incident light processing comprises one or more of expanding beam, collimating, adjusting divergence angle, adjusting shape and adjusting polarization state.

The reflective optical system is used for carrying out reflective light processing on a reflected laser signal, and the processed reflective light is detected by an infrared detector; wherein the reflected light processing includes narrow band filtering and optical imaging.

Furthermore, the signal filtering system plays a role in narrow-band filtering on the laser reflected by the space target and inhibits optical signals in other interference wavelength environments; and the optical imaging system is used for imaging the space target signal to be detected after passing through the narrow-band filtering system onto the high-frequency high-sensitivity infrared detector.

The infrared detector is used for detecting the processed reflected light signal of a weak target in a space to be detected;

further, the infrared detector includes two types of infrared detectors, one is a non-refrigeration type infrared detector, and the other is a refrigeration type infrared detector. The non-refrigeration type detector is mainly used for detecting a space background light radiation signal and a background star reflection signal, and the refrigeration type infrared detector is mainly used for detecting a small target signal moving fast in a space.

The computing system is used for acquiring the information of the weak target in the space to be detected according to the reflected laser signal;

furthermore, the computing system of the invention can respectively extract the space background star signal and the weak space debris through the technologies of amplification, filtering and the like, and separate the space background star signal and the weak space debris target signal to calculate the space debris signal.

Based on the detection system, the invention provides a VCSEL mixed laser-based spatial weak target infrared detection method, which comprises the following steps:

a) providing a VCSEL infrared laser source;

b) emitting laser light of a specific wavelength from a VCSEL infrared laser source;

c) irradiating the emitted laser beam to the surface of the measured space debris after passing through a certain optical system;

d) the detector detects the reflected laser of the detected space debris;

e) and the computing system calculates and obtains the information of the weak target in the space to be detected based on the reflected laser detected by the detector.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention adopts a VCSEL high-frequency laser and high-power laser superposed signal irradiation mode, a space background fixed star and centimeter-level space debris moving at high speed can effectively transmit irradiation signals to an infrared detector with high frequency and high resolution, and a control system adopts a high-repetition-frequency pulse laser and multi-pulse superposed gating mode and can distinguish the space debris from the background fixed star through reflected signals, thereby achieving the effect of identifying centimeter and space debris targets. The detection technology has low imaging noise; the imaging precision is high, and system is small, low power consumption, light in weight, is applicable to the space and carries and use.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.