阅读说明：本技术 一种汽车万向节十字轴的热处理系统及其处理方法 (Heat treatment system and heat treatment method for universal joint cross shaft of automobile ) 是由 鲁立权 于 2020-06-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种汽车万向节十字轴的热处理系统及其处理方法,包括进料机构、正火机构、输送机构、渗碳淬火机构和回火机构,所述渗碳淬火机构包括工作台、支撑架和渗碳淬火炉,所述工作台的顶部与输送机构的底部固定连接,所述输送机构的顶部活动连接有装料机构,本发明涉及热处理系统技术领域。该汽车万向节十字轴的热处理系统及其处理方法,通过装料台内壁的顶部与底部之间固定连接有隔板,且隔板的正面与背面均转动连接有螺纹杆,在对十字轴进行装料固定时,能够将固定机构根据十字轴的尺寸进行对应的调节,适用于多种尺寸的十字轴,使用方便,不需要频繁更换装料机构,提高了加工效率,降低了生产厂家的设备投入成本。(The invention discloses a heat treatment system and a heat treatment method for an automobile universal joint cross shaft, and the heat treatment system comprises a feeding mechanism, a normalizing mechanism, a conveying mechanism, a carburizing and quenching mechanism and a tempering mechanism, wherein the carburizing and quenching mechanism comprises a workbench, a support frame and a carburizing and quenching furnace, the top of the workbench is fixedly connected with the bottom of the conveying mechanism, and the top of the conveying mechanism is movably connected with a charging mechanism. According to the heat treatment system and the heat treatment method for the universal joint cross shaft of the automobile, the partition plate is fixedly connected between the top and the bottom of the inner wall of the charging platform, the front and the back of the partition plate are rotatably connected with the threaded rods, when the cross shaft is charged and fixed, the fixing mechanism can be correspondingly adjusted according to the size of the cross shaft, the heat treatment system is suitable for the cross shafts with various sizes, is convenient to use, does not need to frequently replace the charging mechanism, improves the processing efficiency, and reduces the equipment input cost of manufacturers.)

1. The utility model provides a heat treatment system of car universal joint cross, includes feed mechanism (1), normalizing mechanism (2), conveying mechanism (3), carburization quenching mechanism (4) and tempering mechanism (5), its characterized in that: the carburizing and quenching mechanism (4) comprises a workbench (41), a support frame (42) and a carburizing and quenching furnace (43), the top of the workbench (41) is fixedly connected with the bottom of the conveying mechanism (3), and the top of the conveying mechanism (3) is movably connected with a charging mechanism (6);

the loading mechanism (6) comprises a loading table (61), a partition plate (62) is fixedly connected between the top and the bottom of the inner wall of the loading table (61), the front and the back of the partition plate (62) are rotatably connected with a threaded rod (63), one end, far away from the partition plate (62), of the threaded rod (63) penetrates through the loading table (61) and extends to the outside of the loading table (61), sleeves (64) are respectively in threaded connection with the two sides of the surface of the threaded rod (63), supporting plates (65) are respectively and fixedly connected with the tops of the two sleeves (64), movable blocks (66) are respectively and fixedly connected with the bottoms of the two sleeves (64), the bottoms of the movable blocks (66) are respectively in sliding connection with the bottom of the inner wall of the loading table (61) through sliding rails, a crank (67) is fixedly connected with one end, extending to the outside of the loading table (61), a through groove (68) matched with the supporting plates (65) is formed in the top, a placing groove (7) is formed in the top of the supporting plate (65), and clamping mechanisms (8) are fixedly connected to the two sides of the top of the loading platform (61) and the two sides of the loading platform, which are located on the through groove (68).

2. The heat treatment system for the universal joint cross of the automobile according to claim 1, wherein: the clamping mechanism (8) comprises a fixing plate (81), the bottom of the fixing plate (81) is fixedly connected with the top of the charging stand (61), a fixing rod (82) is fixedly connected with the top and the bottom of one side, close to the supporting plate (65), of the fixing plate (81), and a vertical plate (83) is fixedly connected with one end, far away from the fixing plate (81), of the fixing rod (82).

3. The heat treatment system for the universal joint cross of the automobile according to claim 2, wherein: one side threaded connection that riser (83) were kept away from in fixed plate (81) has lead screw (84), the screw thread end of lead screw (84) runs through fixed plate (81) and riser (83) in proper order and extends to the outside of riser (83), lead screw (84) extend to the outside one end fixedly connected with splint (85) of riser (83).

4. The heat treatment system for the universal joint cross of the automobile according to claim 1, wherein: conveying mechanism (3) are including action wheel (31), the left back of workstation (41) inner wall is connected with the back rotation of action wheel (31), the outside that workstation (41) and workstation (41) are run through to the one end at workstation (41) inner wall back is kept away from in action wheel (31), it is connected with from driving wheel (32) to rotate between the front and the back on workstation (41) inner wall right side, the transmission is connected with conveyer belt (33) between the surface of action wheel (31) and the surface from driving wheel (32).

5. The heat treatment system for the universal joint cross of the automobile according to claim 4, wherein: workstation (41) positive left side fixedly connected with actuating mechanism (9), and the output of actuating mechanism (9) and action wheel (31) extend to the outside one end fixed connection of workstation (41), the equal fixedly connected with baffle (10) in both sides that just are located conveyer belt (33) of the front and the back on workstation (41) top right side.

6. The heat treatment system for the universal joint cross of the automobile according to claim 1, wherein: the furnace comprises a carburizing and quenching furnace (43), a furnace door (11) is hinged to the bottom of the left side and the bottom of the right side of the carburizing and quenching furnace (43), first heating pipes (12) are fixedly connected to the top of the left side and the top of the right side of the inner wall of the carburizing and quenching furnace (43), second heating pipes (13) are fixedly connected to the front side and the back side of the inner wall of the carburizing and quenching furnace (43), a carburizing box (14) is fixedly connected to the top of the carburizing and quenching furnace (43), and an air pump (15) is fixedly connected to the back side of.

7. The heat treatment system for the universal joint cross of the automobile according to claim 6, wherein: the top of carburization quenching furnace (43) inner wall is through installation pole fixedly connected with disc (16), and the bottom fixedly connected with shower nozzle (17) of disc (16), the gas outlet of air pump (15) is linked together through the top of outlet duct with disc (16), the inside fixedly connected with heat preservation (18) of carburization quenching furnace (43), the left side fixedly connected with temperature sensor (19) at carburization quenching furnace (43) inner wall top.

8. The heat treatment system for the universal joint cross of the automobile according to claim 1, wherein: normalizing mechanism (2) include normalizing furnace (21), the front of normalizing furnace (21) articulates there is chamber door (22), equal fixedly connected with heater strip (23) in both sides of normalizing furnace (21) inner wall.

9. A method of performing a heat treatment of an automotive universal joint cross according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps:

s1, firstly, conveying a cross shaft workpiece into a normalizing furnace (21) through a feeding mechanism (1), closing a box door (22), heating the normalizing furnace (21) through a heating wire (23), normalizing the cross shaft through the normalizing furnace (21), cooling the cross shaft to room temperature after the normalization is finished, then carrying out carburizing and quenching on the cross shaft, starting a first heating pipe (12) and a second heating pipe (13) before the carburizing and quenching, heating a carburizing and quenching furnace (43), detecting the temperature in the furnace through a temperature sensor (19), then loading the cross shaft, placing two arms of the cross shaft in a placing groove (7) between two supporting plates (65) in parallel, then holding a screw rod (84) by hand, rotating the screw rod (84), driving a clamping plate (85) to approach to the middle of the cross shaft through the screw rod (84), and clamping the cross shaft through the clamping plate (85), finishing charging;

s2, according to the size of the cross shaft, the crank (67) is held to rotate positively to drive the threaded rod (63) to rotate, the threaded rod (63) rotates, the two sleeves (64) on the surface of the threaded rod move relatively under the guiding action of the movable block (66), the sleeves (64) can drive the two support plates (65) to move relatively, the distance between the support plates (65) is adjusted to adapt to the size of the cross shaft, and similarly, the crank (67) is held to rotate negatively to drive the two support plates (65) to move in opposite directions;

s3, after loading, opening the furnace door (11), starting the driving mechanism (9), driving the driving wheel (31) to rotate by the driving mechanism (9), so as to drive the conveyor belt (33) to convey, conveying the loading table (61) into the carburizing and quenching furnace (43) by the conveyor belt (33), closing the furnace door (11) and the conveying mechanism (3), starting the air pump (15), extracting methane gas from the carburizing box (14) by the air pump (15) through an air inlet pipe, conveying the methane gas into the disc (16) through an air outlet pipe, carburizing the cross shaft on the loading table (61) through the spray head (17), raising the temperature in the furnace again through the first heating pipe (12) and the second heating pipe (13) after carburizing, and quenching the cross shaft;

s4, after carburizing and quenching, placing the quenched cross shaft into a tempering mechanism (5) for tempering, keeping the temperature for a period of time, and cooling the tempered cross shaft to room temperature to complete the heat treatment process of the universal joint cross shaft.

10. The method of heat treating an automotive universal joint cross according to claim 9, characterized in that: the temperature sensor (19) in the step S1 detects the temperature in the carburizing and quenching furnace (43), and controls the temperature in the furnace through an external control mechanism, and the temperature in the furnace is prevented from losing through the heat insulation layer (18) when the cross shaft is quenched in the step S3.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of heat treatment systems, in particular to a heat treatment system and a heat treatment method for an automobile universal joint cross shaft.

Background

The universal joint cross shaft is also called cross joint, namely universal joint, is a part for realizing variable angle power transmission, is used for needing to change the position of the transmission axis direction, it is the joint part of the universal transmission device of the car driving system, the cross shaft type rigid universal joint is the non-constant velocity universal joint widely used on the car, allow the maximum angle of intersection of the adjacent two shafts to be 15-20 degrees, the cross shaft is one of the key components of the cross shaft type rigid universal joint, and the heat treatment means that the material is in the solid state, through means of heating, heat preservation and cooling, in order to obtain a kind of metal hot working process of the anticipated organization and performance, in the course of advancing from the stoneware age to the copper ware age and the ironware age, the effect of the heat treatment is gradually known, the metal heat treatment is one of the important processes in the mechanical manufacturing, compared with other working processes, the heat treatment does not change the shape and the whole chemical composition of the work piece generally, but rather, the operational performance of the workpiece is imparted or improved by altering the microstructure within the workpiece, or by altering the chemical composition of the workpiece surface.

Referring to the heat treatment process of the automobile universal joint cross with the Chinese patent application number of CN201710817309.3, the cooling speed is increased by improving the temperature of carburization and quenching and the carbon potential, ammonia gas is introduced in the continuous stage of the quenching temperature, the hardenability of the cross is increased, and the performance of the automobile universal joint cross is improved.

Referring to a charging device for carburizing and quenching a differential spider, which has the Chinese patent application number of CN201720087074.2, after the charging device is processed by the scheme, the verticality of four arms of the differential spider does not exceed 0.13mm, the qualification rate reaches 100%, the production cost is reduced, and the production quality is improved, however, the above referenced patents still have the following defects:

1) in the heat treatment process, the automobile universal joint cross shaft is directly carburized and quenched, but the mode can not ensure that a stable metallographic structure and grain size can not be obtained during carburization, the structure of the cross shaft is easy to deform, martensite is still easy to generate at last, and the quality of the cross shaft is poor.

2) When the charging mechanism is used for charging materials in carburizing and quenching, the charging mechanism can not adjust the mechanism for fixing the cross shaft according to the size of the cross shaft, the application range is small, the equipment investment cost of manufacturers is increased, and the use is inconvenient.

3) The cross shaft is fixed behind the charging mechanism, the mode safety that the charging mechanism pushes the carburizing and quenching furnace is poor, and because the carburizing and quenching furnace is preheated before charging, the mode of hand pushing easily causes the human body to be injured, and potential safety hazards exist.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a heat treatment system and a heat treatment method for an automobile universal joint cross shaft, and solves the problems that the existing automobile universal joint cross shaft is directly carburized and quenched, the structure of the cross shaft is easy to deform, a charging mechanism cannot adjust a mechanism for fixing the cross shaft according to the size of the cross shaft during carburizing, quenching and charging, the application range is small, and the safety of the mode for pushing the charging mechanism into a carburizing and quenching furnace is poor.

(II) technical scheme

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the heat treatment system comprises a feeding mechanism, a normalizing mechanism, a conveying mechanism, a carburizing and quenching mechanism and a tempering mechanism, wherein the carburizing and quenching mechanism comprises a workbench, a support frame and a carburizing and quenching furnace, the top of the workbench is fixedly connected with the bottom of the conveying mechanism, and the top of the conveying mechanism is movably connected with a charging mechanism.

The feeding mechanism comprises a charging platform, a partition plate is fixedly connected between the top and the bottom of the inner wall of the charging platform, a threaded rod is rotatably connected to the front side and the back side of the partition plate, one end, far away from the partition plate, of the threaded rod penetrates through the charging platform and extends to the outside of the charging platform, a sleeve is in threaded connection with the two sides of the surface of the threaded rod, a supporting plate and two supporting plates are fixedly connected to the top of the sleeve, a movable block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sleeve, the bottom of the movable block is in sliding connection with the bottom of the inner wall of the charging platform through a sliding rail, a crank is fixedly connected to one end, extending to the outside of the charging platform, a through groove matched with the supporting plate is formed in the top of the supporting plate, a placing groove is formed in the.

Preferably, the clamping mechanism comprises a fixing plate, the bottom of the fixing plate is fixedly connected with the top of the charging platform, fixing rods are fixedly connected to the top and the bottom of one side, close to the supporting plate, of the fixing plate, and a vertical plate is fixedly connected to one end, far away from the fixing plate, of each fixing rod.

Preferably, one side threaded connection that the riser was kept away from to the fixed plate has the lead screw, the screw thread end of lead screw runs through fixed plate and riser in proper order and extends to the outside of riser, the lead screw extends to the outside one end fixedly connected with splint of riser.

Preferably, conveying mechanism includes the action wheel, the left back of workstation inner wall is connected with the back rotation of action wheel, the one end that the workstation inner wall back was kept away from to the action wheel runs through the workstation and extends to the outside of workstation, it is connected with from the driving wheel to rotate between the front on workstation inner wall right side and the back, the transmission is connected with the conveyer belt between the surface of action wheel and the surface from the driving wheel.

Preferably, the positive left side fixedly connected with actuating mechanism of workstation, and actuating mechanism's output and action wheel extend to the outside one end fixed connection of workstation, the front and the back on workstation top right side just are located the equal fixedly connected with baffle in both sides of conveyer belt.

Preferably, the bottom on the left side and the bottom on the right side of the carburizing and quenching furnace are both hinged with furnace doors, the top on the left side and the top on the right side of the inner wall of the carburizing and quenching furnace are both fixedly connected with first heating pipes, the front side and the back side of the inner wall of the carburizing and quenching furnace are both fixedly connected with second heating pipes, the top of the carburizing and quenching furnace is fixedly connected with a carburizing box, and the back side of the top of the carburizing and quenching furnace is fixedly connected with an air pump.

Preferably, the top of the inner wall of the carburizing and quenching furnace is fixedly connected with a disc through a mounting rod, the bottom of the disc is fixedly connected with a spray head, an air outlet of an air pump is communicated with the top of the disc through an air outlet pipe, the inside of the carburizing and quenching furnace is fixedly connected with a heat insulation layer, and the left side of the top of the inner wall of the carburizing and quenching furnace is fixedly connected with a temperature sensor.

Preferably, normalizing mechanism includes the normalizing furnace, the front of normalizing furnace articulates there is the chamber door, the equal fixedly connected with heater strip in both sides of normalizing furnace inner wall.

The invention also discloses a heat treatment method of the automobile universal joint cross shaft, which specifically comprises the following steps:

s1, firstly, conveying a cross shaft workpiece into a normalizing furnace through a feeding mechanism, closing a box door, heating the normalizing furnace through a heating wire, normalizing the cross shaft through the normalizing furnace, cooling the cross shaft to room temperature after the normalizing is finished, then performing carburizing quenching on the cross shaft, starting a first heating pipe and a second heating pipe before the carburizing quenching, heating the carburizing quenching furnace, detecting the temperature in the furnace through a temperature sensor, then loading the cross shaft, placing two arms of the cross shaft in a placing groove between two supporting plates in parallel, then holding a screw rod by hand, rotating the screw rod, driving a clamping plate to approach to the middle part of the cross shaft through the screw rod, clamping the cross shaft through the clamping plate, and finishing the loading;

s2, simultaneously, according to the size of the cross shaft, the crank is held to rotate forward to drive the threaded rod to rotate, the threaded rod rotates, the two sleeves on the surface of the threaded rod move relatively under the action of the lead of the movable block, the sleeves can drive the two supporting plates to move relatively, the distance between the supporting plates is adjusted to adapt to the size of the cross shaft, and similarly, the crank is held to rotate backward to drive the two supporting plates to move in opposite directions;

s3, after charging, opening the furnace door, starting the driving mechanism, driving the driving wheel to rotate by the driving mechanism, driving the conveyor belt to convey, conveying the charging platform to the carburizing and quenching furnace by the conveyor belt, closing the furnace door and the conveying mechanism, starting the air pump, pumping methane gas from the carburizing box by the air pump through the air inlet pipe, conveying the methane gas to the disc through the air outlet pipe, carburizing the cross shaft on the charging platform through the spray head, raising the temperature in the furnace again through the first heating pipe and the second heating pipe after carburizing, and quenching the cross shaft;

s4, after carburizing and quenching, placing the quenched cross shaft in a tempering mechanism for tempering, keeping the temperature for a period of time, and cooling the tempered cross shaft to room temperature to finish the heat treatment process of the universal joint cross shaft.

Preferably, in step S1, the temperature sensor detects the temperature in the carburizing and quenching furnace, and the temperature in the furnace is controlled by an external control means.

(III) advantageous effects

The invention provides a heat treatment system and a heat treatment method for an automobile universal joint cross shaft. Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the normalizing mechanism comprises a normalizing furnace, the front of the normalizing furnace is hinged with a box door, heating wires are fixedly connected to the two sides of the inner wall of the normalizing furnace, the cross shaft is normalized firstly before being carburized and quenched, a stable metallographic structure and a stable grain size guarantee are provided for carburization, the structure is not excessively changed during carburization, deformation is small during carburization, martensite is uniformly refined, and the processing quality of the cross shaft is improved.

(2) The heat treatment system and the heat treatment method of the universal joint cross shaft of the automobile are characterized in that a partition plate is fixedly connected between the top and the bottom of the inner wall of a charging platform, threaded rods are rotatably connected on the front surface and the back surface of the partition plate, one end, far away from the partition plate, of each threaded rod penetrates through the charging platform and extends to the outside of the charging platform, sleeves are respectively in threaded connection with the two sides of the surface of each threaded rod, supporting plates are respectively and fixedly connected with the tops of the two sleeves, movable blocks are respectively and fixedly connected with the bottoms of the two sleeves, the bottoms of the movable blocks are in sliding connection with the bottom of the inner wall of the charging platform through sliding rails, a crank is fixedly connected with one end, extending to the outside of the charging platform, through grooves matched with the supporting plates are formed in the tops of the supporting plates, placing grooves are formed in the tops of the, the universal joint pin fixing mechanism has the advantages that the fixing mechanism can be correspondingly adjusted according to the size of the universal joint pin, the universal joint pin fixing mechanism is suitable for universal joint pins with various sizes, the use is convenient, the charging mechanism does not need to be frequently replaced, the processing efficiency is improved, and the equipment investment cost of manufacturers is reduced.

(3) The heat treatment system of the universal joint cross shaft of the automobile and the treatment method thereof comprise a driving wheel through a conveying mechanism, the back face of the left side of the inner wall of a workbench is connected with the back face of the driving wheel in a rotating mode, one end, far away from the back face of the inner wall of the workbench, of the driving wheel penetrates through the workbench and extends to the outside of the workbench, a driven wheel is connected between the front face and the back face of the right side of the inner wall of the workbench in a rotating mode, a conveying belt is connected between the surface of the driving wheel and the surface of the driven wheel in a transmission mode, a driving mechanism is fixedly connected to the left side of the front face of the workbench, the output end of the driving mechanism and one end, extending to the outside of the workbench, of the driving mechanism are fixedly connected, an automatic conveying mechanism is arranged.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the architecture of the system of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the carburizing and quenching mechanism of the invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of the invention at A in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a side view of the internal structure of the loading station of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the clamping mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the conveying mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a rear view of the internal structure of the carburizing and quenching mechanism of the invention;

FIG. 8 is a plan view of the internal structure of the carburizing and quenching furnace of the invention;

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a carburizing and quenching furnace structure of the invention;

fig. 10 is a perspective view of the structure of the normalizing mechanism of the invention.

In the figure, 1 feeding mechanism, 2 normalizing mechanism, 21 normalizing furnace, 22 box door, 23 heating wire, 3 conveying mechanism, 31 driving wheel, 32 driven wheel, 33 conveyor belt, 4 carburizing and quenching mechanism, 41 workbench, 42 support frame, 43 carburizing and quenching furnace, 5 tempering mechanism, 6 charging mechanism, 61 charging platform, 62 clapboard, 63 threaded rod, 64 sleeve, 65 support plate, 66 movable block, 67 crank, 68 through groove, 7 placing groove, 8 clamping mechanism, 81 fixed plate, 82 fixed rod, riser 83, 84 screw rod, 85 splint, 9 driving mechanism, 10 baffle, 11 furnace door, 12 first heating pipe, 13 second heating pipe, 14 carburizing box, 15 air pump, 16 disc, 17 spray head, 18 heat preservation layer and 19 temperature sensor.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 10, an embodiment of the present invention provides a technical solution: a heat treatment system of an automobile universal joint cross shaft comprises a feeding mechanism 1, a normalizing mechanism 2, a conveying mechanism 3, a carburizing and quenching mechanism 4 and a tempering mechanism 5, wherein the feeding mechanism 1, the normalizing mechanism 2 and the tempering mechanism 5 in the heat treatment system are all known in the prior art and are irrelevant to the problems to be solved by the invention, so that the detail description is omitted, the normalizing mechanism 2 comprises a normalizing furnace 21, the front side of the normalizing furnace 21 is hinged with a box door 22, both sides of the inner wall of the normalizing furnace 21 are fixedly connected with heating wires 23, the heating wires 23 are controlled by a control switch and are connected with an external power supply through wires, the conveying mechanism 3 comprises a driving wheel 31, the back side of the left side of the inner wall of a workbench 41 is rotatably connected with the back side of the driving wheel 31, one end of the driving wheel 31, which is far away from the back side of the inner wall of the workbench 41, a driven wheel 32 is rotatably connected between the front side and the back side of the right side of the inner wall of the workbench 41, a transmission belt 33 is connected between the surface of the driving wheel 31 and the surface of the driven wheel 32 in a transmission way, the transmission belt 33 is made of a high-temperature resistant steel structure, the carburizing and quenching mechanism 4 comprises the workbench 41, a supporting frame 42 and a carburizing and quenching furnace 43, the top of the inner wall of the carburizing and quenching furnace 43 is fixedly connected with a disc 16 through a mounting rod, the bottom of the disc 16 is fixedly connected with a plurality of spray heads 17, the spray heads 17 are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the disc 16, an air outlet of an air pump 15 is communicated with the top of the disc 16 through an air outlet pipe, a heat-insulating layer 18 is fixedly connected inside the carburizing and quenching furnace 43, the heat-insulating layer 18 is made of polyurethane material, a temperature sensor 19 is, the temperature in the furnace is detected by a temperature sensor 19, the model of the temperature sensor 19 is DS18B20, the bottoms of the left side and the right side of a carburizing and quenching furnace 43 are hinged with a furnace door 11, the tops of the left side and the right side of the inner wall of the carburizing and quenching furnace 43 are fixedly connected with a plurality of first heating pipes 12, the first heating pipes 12 are uniformly distributed on the left side and the right side of the inner wall of the carburizing and quenching furnace 43, the front side and the back side of the inner wall of the carburizing and quenching furnace 43 are fixedly connected with a second heating pipe 13, the second heating pipes 13 are uniformly distributed on the front side and the back side of the inner wall of the carburizing and quenching furnace 43, the top of the carburizing and quenching furnace 43 is fixedly connected with a carburizing box 14, the carburizing box 14 introduces external methane gas into the carburizing box 14 through a communicating pipe on the top, the back side of the top of the carburizing and quenching furnace, the left side of the front surface of the workbench 41 is fixedly connected with a driving mechanism 9, the driving mechanism 9 is a motor, the driving mechanism is controlled by an external control switch and is connected with an external power supply through a lead, the output end of the driving mechanism 9 is fixedly connected with one end of the driving wheel 31 extending to the outside of the workbench 41, the front surface and the back surface of the right side of the top of the workbench 41 are fixedly connected with baffle plates 10 at two sides of the conveyor belt 33, the baffle plates 10 are arranged to limit the charging mechanism 6, so that the charging mechanism 6 is not easy to slide out of the conveyor belt 33, the top of the workbench 41 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the conveyor mechanism 3, the top of the conveyor mechanism 3 is movably connected with the charging mechanism 6, the charging mechanism 6 comprises a charging table 61, a partition plate 62 is fixedly connected between the top and the bottom of the inner wall of the charging table 61, the front surface and the back surface of the partition plate 62 are rotatably connected, the two sides of the surface of the threaded rod 63 are in threaded connection with sleeves 64, the tops of the two sleeves 64 are fixedly connected with supporting plates 65, the bottoms of the two sleeves 64 are fixedly connected with movable blocks 66, the bottoms of the movable blocks 66 are in sliding connection with the bottoms of the inner walls of the charging platform 61 through sliding rails, one end, extending to the outside of the charging platform 61, of the threaded rod 63 is fixedly connected with a crank 67, the crank 67 is arranged to facilitate rotation of the threaded rod 63, the top of the charging platform 61 is provided with a through groove 68 matched with the supporting plates 65, the top of the supporting plate 65 is provided with a placing groove 7, the placing groove 7 is designed to be wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, arms of cross shafts with various diameters can be placed, the two sides of the top of the charging platform 61 and the two sides located in the through groove 68 are fixedly connected with clamping mechanisms 8, and the clamping mechanisms 8 are arranged, clamping mechanism 8 includes fixed plate 81, one side threaded connection that riser 83 was kept away from to fixed plate 81 has lead screw 84, the screw thread end of lead screw 84 runs through fixed plate 81 and riser 83 in proper order and extends to the outside of riser 83, lead screw 84 extends to the outside one end fixedly connected with splint 85 of riser 83, splint 85 is circular, with the intermediate portion adaptation of cross, the bottom of fixed plate 81 and the top fixed connection of charging deck 61, the top that fixed plate 81 is close to backup pad 65 one side is close to with the equal fixedly connected with dead lever 82 in bottom, and the one end fixedly connected with riser 83 of fixed plate 81 is kept away from to dead lever 82.

The invention also discloses a heat treatment method of the automobile universal joint cross shaft, which specifically comprises the following steps:

s1, firstly, the cross shaft workpiece is conveyed into the normalizing furnace 21 through the feeding mechanism 1, the box door 22 is closed, the heating wire 23 heats the normalizing furnace 21, normalizing the cross axle by a normalizing furnace 21, cooling the cross axle to room temperature after the normalization is finished, then the cross shaft is carburized and quenched, the first heating pipe 12 and the second heating pipe 13 are started before carburization and quenching, the carburization and quenching furnace 43 is heated, the temperature sensor 19 detects the temperature in the furnace, after the temperature reaches the carburization and quenching temperature, the first heating pipe 12 and the second heating pipe 13 are closed, then the cross is loaded, the two arms of the cross are placed in parallel in the placing groove 7 between the two supporting plates 65, then the screw 84 is held by hand, the screw rod 84 is rotated, the screw rod 84 drives the clamping plate 85 to approach to the middle of the cross shaft, and the clamping plate 85 clamps the cross shaft to complete charging;

s2, according to the size of the cross shaft, the crank 67 is held to rotate forward to drive the threaded rod 63 to rotate, the threaded rod 63 rotates, the two sleeves 64 on the surface of the threaded rod move relatively under the guiding action of the movable block 66, the sleeves 64 can drive the two supporting plates 65 to move relatively, the distance between the supporting plates 65 is adjusted to adapt to the size of the cross shaft, and similarly, the crank 67 is held to rotate backward to drive the two supporting plates 65 to move in opposite directions;

s3, after loading, opening the furnace door 11, starting the driving mechanism 9, driving the driving wheel 31 to rotate by the driving mechanism 9, driving the conveyor belt 33 to convey, conveying the loading table 61 into the carburizing and quenching furnace 43 by the conveyor belt 33, closing the furnace door 11 and the conveying mechanism 3, starting the air pump 15, pumping methane gas from the carburizing box 14 by the air pump 15 through the air inlet pipe, then conveying the methane gas into the disc 16 through the air outlet pipe, carburizing the cross shaft on the loading table 61 through the spray head 17, refining the metallographic structure and the grain size inside the cross shaft, reducing the austenite content, uniformly refining the martensite, raising the temperature in the furnace again through the first heating pipe 12 and the second heating pipe 13 after carburizing, quenching the cross shaft, and improving the hardness of the cross shaft;

s4, after carburizing and quenching, placing the quenched cross shaft in a tempering mechanism 5 for tempering, keeping the temperature for a period of time, and cooling the tempered cross shaft to room temperature to complete the heat treatment process of the universal joint cross shaft.

In the present invention, the temperature sensor 19 detects the temperature in the carburizing and quenching furnace 43 in step S1, and controls the temperature in the furnace by an external control means, and the temperature in the furnace is prevented from being lost by the heat insulating layer 18 when the cross shaft is quenched in step S3.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.