阅读说明：本技术 一种应用激光干涉改善零件表面功能性的方法 (Method for improving surface functionality of part by applying laser interference ) 是由 杜春燕 赵晖 于 2019-12-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于激光技术领域,尤其涉及一种激光干涉模式来对零部件表面进行功能性改善。其利用直接激光干涉模式,根据零件表面性能特点,来改善零件表格功能性。其包括利用两道激光束交叉在零件表面形成纹理,根据两个激光束的快慢程度、交叉的角度不同,在零件表面所形成的纹理不同。(The invention belongs to the technical field of laser, and particularly relates to a laser interference mode for functionally improving the surface of a part. The direct laser interference mode is utilized to improve the part table functionality according to the surface performance characteristics of the part. The method comprises the steps of forming textures on the surface of a part by crossing two laser beams, wherein the textures formed on the surface of the part are different according to different speeds and crossing angles of the two laser beams.)

1. A method for improving the surface functionality of a part by applying laser interference is characterized by comprising the steps of forming textures on the surface of the part by utilizing two laser beams to intersect, wherein the textures formed on the surface of the part are different according to different speeds and different intersecting angles of the two laser beams.

2. The method of claim 1 for improving the surface functionality of a part using laser interference, wherein: and melting the surface material of the part to be removed by using a laser beam.

3. The method of claim 2 for improving the surface functionality of a part using laser interference, wherein: the laser beam is utilized to melt the surface material of the part to be removed, the redundant oxide layer on the surface of the part is removed, the laser interference is set to be a fixed interference area, the laser energy is improved, the laser speed is improved, and the oxide layer is eliminated while the substrate below the oxide layer is protected from being damaged.

4. The method of claim 1 for improving the surface functionality of a part using laser interference, wherein: two laser beams are crossed on the surface of the part to form texture, and for a surface structure formed by two materials, wherein the material with high melting point is positioned on the surface of the part, two different patterns can be obtained according to the laser energy; if lower laser energy is used, the lower layer of molten material will cause deformation of the upper layer, resulting in a periodic pattern with a lower depth of structure; if the intensity of the laser is increased so that the upper layer reaches the melting point, the upper layer is eliminated after the laser interference, and another pattern is obtained.

5. A method for improving the surface functionality of a part using laser interference according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: when the laser speed is constant and the included angle between two beams of laser is smaller than 90 degrees, a first pattern is formed on the surface of the part, so that the roughness of the surface of the part is higher, and the area for removing the surface of the part is smaller; when the included angle between the two beams of laser is smaller than 90 degrees, a second pattern is formed on the surface of the part, and the period of the waveform of the first pattern is larger than that of the waveform of the second pattern; the roughness of the surface of the part is low, and the area for removing the surface of the part is large.

6. A method for improving the surface functionality of a part using laser interference according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: when the included angle of the laser beam and the laser energy are fixed, the slower the laser beam speed is, the deeper a molten pool formed on the surface of the part is, and correspondingly, the higher the roughness formed on the surface of the part is; the higher the speed, the shallower the melt pool formed on the surface of the part, and the lower the roughness of the surface of the part.

7. The method of claim 1 for improving the surface functionality of a part using laser interference, wherein: for metal materials, the processing speed of the direct laser interference mode is lower than 0.5m²Min; for high molecular materials, the processing speed of the direct laser interference mode is lower than 1m²/min。

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of laser, and particularly relates to a laser interference mode for functionally improving the surface of a part.

Background

With the rapid development of science and technology, more and more equipment has higher and higher requirements on parts and precision of the parts. In the medical and semiconductor industries, for example, the requirement for precision of parts is very high, and for some functional parts, such as corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant parts, a corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating is usually coated on the surface of the part. However, according to the requirements of equipment, the functional coating is coated on all the surfaces of the parts instead of coating the required surfaces, and the surfaces can be grooves, bulges or assembly surfaces. In coating these surfaces, there is also the problem of coating the unwanted surfaces with the coating, which requires manual repair.

However, the manual repair is low in efficiency on one hand, and low in repeatability on the other hand, and the repair effect of different people is inconsistent.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a method for improving the surface functionality of a part by applying laser interference, which utilizes a direct laser interference mode to improve the part table functionality according to the surface performance characteristics of the part, thereby not only improving the roughness of the part surface, but also repairing the coating boundary of the part surface.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that the method for improving the surface functionality of the part by applying laser interference comprises the steps of forming textures on the surface of the part by utilizing two laser beams in a crossed mode, wherein the textures formed on the surface of the part are different according to different speeds and different crossed angles of the two laser beams.

The method for improving the surface functionality of a part using laser interference further comprises using a laser beam to melt the surface material of the part to be removed.

Furthermore, the laser beam is utilized to melt the surface material of the part to be removed, the redundant oxide layer on the surface of the part is removed, the laser interference sets a fixed interference area, the laser energy is improved, the laser speed is improved, and the oxide layer is eliminated while the substrate below the oxide layer is protected from being damaged.

Furthermore, two laser beams are crossed on the surface of the part to form texture, and for a surface structure formed by two materials, wherein the material with high melting point is positioned on the surface of the part, two different patterns can be obtained according to the laser energy; if lower laser energy is used, the lower layer of molten material will cause deformation of the upper layer, resulting in a periodic pattern with a lower depth of structure; if the intensity of the laser is increased so that the upper layer reaches the melting point, the upper layer is eliminated after the laser interference, and another pattern is obtained.

Further, when the laser speed is constant (fixed) and the included angle between the two beams of laser is smaller than 90 degrees, a first pattern is formed on the surface of the part, so that the roughness of the surface of the part is higher, and the area for removing the surface of the part is smaller; when the included angle between the two beams of laser is smaller than 90 degrees, a second pattern is formed on the surface of the part, and the period of the waveform of the first pattern is larger than that of the waveform of the second pattern; the roughness of the surface of the part is low, and the area for removing the surface of the part is large.

Further, when the included angle of the laser beam and the laser energy are fixed, the slower the laser beam speed is, the deeper a molten pool formed on the surface of the part is, and correspondingly, the higher the roughness formed on the surface of the part is; the higher the speed, the shallower the melt pool formed on the surface of the part, and the lower the roughness of the surface of the part.

Further, for metal materials, the processing speed of the direct laser interference mode is lower than 0.5m²Min; for high molecular materials (such as plastics), the processing speed of the direct laser interference mode is lower than 1m²/min。

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects.

For the parts needing to improve the surface roughness, the invention does not need auxiliary sand blasting materials and can directly improve the surface roughness of the parts by using the interference pattern.

The invention adopts a direct laser form, and can meet the high-precision requirement of precision parts.

The invention can replace the manual work for some parts with coatings and needing to repair the coating boundary, thereby improving the production efficiency.

Drawings

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description. The scope of the invention is not limited to the following expressions.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a direct laser interference mode of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the shape of the laser beam of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is an example of a pattern that can be formed by laser interference in accordance with the present invention.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1, the method for improving the functionality of the part surface 1 by using laser interference includes forming a texture on the part surface by intersecting two laser beams (a first laser beam 2 and a second laser beam 3), wherein the texture formed on the part surface is different according to the speed and the intersecting angle of the two laser beams.

The method for improving the surface functionality of a part using laser interference further comprises using a laser beam to melt the surface material of the part to be removed.

Specifically, different from the traditional laser technology, the laser interference of the invention is that two laser emitting holes are arranged on the same equipment, the position angle of the holes can be adjusted, different angles can be set so as to form different laser patterns, and finally the energy reaching the surface of a part depends on the number of laser beams, the wavelength of the laser and the angle of the laser beams. As shown in fig. 2, the beams 4, 5 and 6 are laser beams of different shapes, different widths and lengths.

In addition, the mechanism of the present invention is to utilize the interference pattern of high power pulsed laser light to irradiate the sample surface and produce direct, periodic and local heating through the photothermal interaction between the light and the surface of the part (e.g., metal).

Furthermore, the laser beam is utilized to melt the surface material of the part to be removed, the redundant oxide layer on the surface of the part is removed, the laser interference sets a fixed interference area, the laser energy is improved, the laser speed is improved, and the oxide layer is eliminated while the substrate below the oxide layer is protected from being damaged.

Furthermore, two laser beams are crossed on the surface of the part to form texture, and for a surface structure formed by two materials, wherein the material with high melting point is positioned on the surface of the part, two different patterns can be obtained according to the laser energy; if lower laser energy is used, the lower layer of molten material will cause deformation of the upper layer, resulting in a periodic pattern with a lower depth of structure; if the intensity of the laser is increased so that the upper layer reaches the melting point, the upper layer is eliminated after the laser interference, and another pattern is obtained.

Further, as shown in a in fig. 3, when the laser speed is constant (fixed) and the included angle between two beams of laser is smaller than 90 °, a first pattern is formed on the surface of the part, so that the roughness of the surface of the part is higher, and the area for removing the surface of the part is smaller; as shown in b in fig. 3, when the included angle between the two laser beams is smaller than 90 °, a second pattern is formed on the surface of the part, and the period of the waveform of the first pattern is larger than that of the waveform of the second pattern; the roughness of the surface of the part is low, and the area for removing the surface of the part is large.

Further, when the included angle of the laser beam and the laser energy are fixed, the slower the laser beam speed is, the deeper a molten pool formed on the surface of the part is, and correspondingly, the higher the roughness formed on the surface of the part is; the higher the speed, the shallower the melt pool formed on the surface of the part, and the lower the roughness of the surface of the part. The laser interference parameters are set according to different requirements of different parts.

Further, for metal materials, the processing speed of the direct laser interference mode is lower than 0.5m²Min; for high molecular materials (such as plastics), the processing speed of the direct laser interference mode is lower than 1m²/min。

The method for improving the surface function of the part has the advantages that on one hand, different texture patterns can be formed according to the speed and the angle of the laser beam, and the surface of the part has different functionalities due to the difference of the texture patterns; another aspect is that the laser beam can be used to melt the surface material of the part that is desired to be removed.

For increasing the surface roughness of the part, the laser energy is set to reach the melting point of the material, the material is melted at the position where the laser interferes, and a pattern is formed on the surface of the material, so that the surface roughness of the part is improved.

For the condition that the redundant oxide layer on the surface of the part needs to be removed, laser interference can set a fixed interference area, laser energy is improved, laser speed is improved, and when the oxide layer is melted, the oxide layer is eliminated, and meanwhile, a substrate below the oxide layer is protected from being damaged. In both cases, no waste material is produced, pollutants are reduced, and cleanliness is improved.

In general, the use of direct laser interference modes can improve the roughness of the surface of the part on the one hand and remove some unwanted excess coating boundaries, machining burrs, etc. on the other hand. By using the method, the precision of the precision parts can be improved, the manual operation procedures can be reduced, and the efficiency can be improved. Can meet the functional requirements of the surfaces of different parts.

The specific technical scheme is as follows: (1) there are other requirements to specify whether the surface of the part needs to be improved in surface roughness or to remove an excess oxide layer.

(2) The size and the position of the area of the surface of the part are definitely needed to be improved, and the laser interference path is set.

(3) According to the surface requirement of the part, the energy of the initial laser beam, the included angle of the two laser beams and other related parameters are set.

(4) For metal materials, the processing speed of the direct laser interference mode is lower than 0.5m²/min。

(5) For high polymer materials such as plastics, the processing speed of direct laser interference mode is less than 1m²/min。

The technical scheme can be applied to the surfaces of parts in different fields made of different materials.