阅读说明：本技术 一种多自由度调节激光电弧复合焊枪结构 (Multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment laser arc composite welding gun structure ) 是由 孙宏伟 王威 洪元 李占 史超 蔡明智 严顶 张秉坤 范小卿 王成龙 于 2019-10-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种多自由度调节激光电弧复合焊枪结构,包括激光焊枪、电弧焊枪、固定支撑件、直线调节机构、焊枪角度调节机构；所述直线调节机构包括X轴调节机构、Y轴调节机构、Z轴调节机构；所述X轴调节机构与Y轴调节机构相连,所述Z轴调节机构与X轴调节机构相连；所述激光焊枪通过固定支撑件与直Y轴调节机构固定；所述焊枪角度调节机构与Z轴调节机构相连；所述电弧焊枪与焊枪角度调节机构相连；所述直线调节机构用于调整电弧焊枪的水平横向、水平纵向、垂直方向的位置,以调整电弧焊枪相对激光焊枪的位置；所述焊枪角度调节机构用于调整电弧焊枪轴向与激光焊枪轴向的夹角。本发明可实现多自由度、高精度的调整焊枪位置。(The invention discloses a multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment laser arc composite welding gun structure which comprises a laser welding gun, an arc welding gun, a fixed support piece, a linear adjusting mechanism and a welding gun angle adjusting mechanism, wherein the laser welding gun is fixed on the fixed support piece; the linear adjusting mechanism comprises an X-axis adjusting mechanism, a Y-axis adjusting mechanism and a Z-axis adjusting mechanism; the X-axis adjusting mechanism is connected with the Y-axis adjusting mechanism, and the Z-axis adjusting mechanism is connected with the X-axis adjusting mechanism; the laser welding gun is fixed with the straight Y-axis adjusting mechanism through a fixed support piece; the welding gun angle adjusting mechanism is connected with the Z-axis adjusting mechanism; the arc welding gun is connected with the welding gun angle adjusting mechanism; the linear adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the positions of the arc welding gun in the horizontal transverse direction, the horizontal longitudinal direction and the vertical direction so as to adjust the position of the arc welding gun relative to the laser welding gun; the welding gun angle adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting an included angle between the axial direction of the electric arc welding gun and the axial direction of the laser welding gun. The invention can realize the multi-degree-of-freedom and high-precision adjustment of the position of the welding gun.)

1. A multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment laser arc composite welding gun structure is characterized by comprising a laser welding gun (1), an arc welding gun (2), a fixed support piece (3), a linear adjusting mechanism (4) and a welding gun angle adjusting mechanism (5);

the linear adjusting mechanism (4) comprises an X-axis adjusting mechanism, a Y-axis adjusting mechanism and a Z-axis adjusting mechanism; the X-axis adjusting mechanism is connected with the Y-axis adjusting mechanism, and the Z-axis adjusting mechanism is connected with the X-axis adjusting mechanism; the laser welding gun (1) is fixed with the straight Y-axis adjusting mechanism through a fixed support piece (3); the welding gun angle adjusting mechanism (5) is connected with the Z-axis adjusting mechanism; the electric arc welding gun (2) is connected with the welding gun angle adjusting mechanism (5); the linear adjusting mechanism (4) is used for adjusting the positions of the arc welding gun (2) in the horizontal transverse direction, the horizontal longitudinal direction and the vertical direction so as to adjust the position of the arc welding gun (2) relative to the laser welding gun (1); the welding gun angle adjusting mechanism (5) is used for adjusting an included angle between the axial direction of the electric arc welding gun (2) and the axial direction of the laser welding gun (1).

2. The laser arc hybrid welding gun structure according to claim 1, wherein the X-axis adjusting mechanism, the Y-axis adjusting mechanism and the Z-axis adjusting mechanism are identical in structure and each comprises a bearing support seat (41), a fixing plate (43), an adjusting lead screw (42), a slide block (44) and a guide rod (45); bearing supporting seats (41) are respectively fixed at two ends of the fixing plate (43), and two ends of the adjusting screw rod (42) are supported through the bearing supporting seats (41); the sliding block (44) is in threaded connection with the adjusting screw rod (41); a guide rod (45) is arranged between the two bearing supporting seats (41), and the guide rod (45) penetrates through the sliding block (44) to guide the sliding block (44); a fixing plate (43) of the X-axis adjusting mechanism is connected with a sliding block (44) of the Y-axis adjusting mechanism through a connecting plate (47); a fixed plate (43) of the Z-axis adjusting mechanism is connected with a slide block (44) of the X-axis adjusting mechanism; and a knob (46) is arranged on the adjusting screw rod (42).

3. The laser arc hybrid torch structure according to claim 2, wherein the guide rod (45) is engaged with the slider (44) in a dovetail pair structure.

4. The laser arc hybrid torch structure according to claim 1, wherein the torch angle adjustment mechanism (5) comprises a precision manual angular displacement adjustment structure (51) and an angular displacement mounting structure (52); the precise manual angular displacement adjusting structure (51) is fixed with an angular displacement mounting structure (52), and the angular displacement mounting structure (52) is connected with a sliding block (44) of the Z-axis adjusting mechanism; the precise manual angular displacement adjusting structure (51) comprises two angle adjusting mechanisms with the same structure, the adjusting directions of the two angle adjusting mechanisms are perpendicular to each other, and the angle postures of the arc welding gun assembly (2) in the two directions are adjusted.

5. The laser arc hybrid welding gun structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle adjusting mechanism comprises an upper arc mounting plate (61), an arc turbine (62), a worm (63), a lower arc mounting plate (65), two arc guide rails (64);

the arc turbine (62) is fixed with the upper arc mounting plate (61); two ends of the worm (63) are connected with the lower arc-shaped mounting plate (65) through bearings (67); the worm (63) is matched with the arc-shaped turbine (62); arc-shaped guide rails (64) are respectively arranged on two sides of the worm (63); the two arc guide rails (64) are fixed with the lower arc mounting plate (65); the lower end of the upper arc-shaped mounting plate (61) is provided with a sliding chute which is matched with the arc-shaped guide rail (64); the upper arc-shaped mounting plate (61) can slide in an arc shape relative to the arc-shaped guide rail (64); a hand wheel (68) is arranged on the worm (63); the lower arc-shaped mounting plate (65) of one angle adjusting mechanism is fixed with the lower arc-shaped mounting plate (65) of the other angle adjusting mechanism, and the worms (63) of the two angle adjusting mechanisms are axially vertical.

6. The laser arc hybrid welding gun structure according to claim 5, characterized in that the angle adjusting mechanism is further provided with an angle scaling mechanism; the angle scale mechanism comprises a pointer (69) and a graduated scale (66); the pointer is fixed with the upper arc-shaped mounting plate (61); the graduated scale (66) is fixed with the lower arc-shaped mounting plate (65); an arc-shaped groove (661) is arranged on the graduated scale (66); the pointer penetrates through the arc-shaped groove (661), and angle scales are arranged along the side edge of the arc-shaped groove (661).

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of laser-arc hybrid welding, and particularly relates to a multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment laser-arc hybrid welding gun structure.

Background

The laser-arc hybrid welding combines the advantages of the laser and the arc, greatly avoids the disadvantages of the laser and the arc, has the advantages of high energy density, high energy utilization rate, high arc stability, lower precision requirement of working equipment and the like, and becomes a novel welding heat source with great application prospect. At present, laser-arc hybrid welding is applied to the fields of automobiles, shipbuilding, heavy industry, aerospace, railway transportation and the like.

The laser welding gun and the electric arc welding gun are required to work cooperatively when the laser electric arc hybrid welding works, and for the laser welding gun and the electric arc welding gun with different structural parameters and different technical parameters, the relative position of the laser welding gun and the electric arc welding gun during working needs to be adjusted according to actual process requirements. For the same laser welding gun and arc welding gun, the relative position of the laser welding gun and the arc welding gun also needs to be adjusted according to the difference of workpieces to be welded.

The laser-arc hybrid welding gun can be mainly divided into two structural forms of laser-arc paraxial hybrid and laser-arc coaxial hybrid. The laser arc paraxial composite mode has the characteristics of large influence of the welding gun posture on the welding effect, relatively easy adjustment of welding parameters, limitation of welding directionality and the like; the laser and electric arc coaxial composite mode has the characteristics of small absorption of electric arc to laser energy, no directional limitation, serious burning loss of a hollow tungsten electrode, difficult adjustment of welding parameters and the like. In order to adapt to a laser arc welding gun structure with higher power and more abundant technical parameters, a paraxial compound mode is adopted to be more ideal, and a series of problems that a mounting structure is stable and reliable, multiple degrees of freedom are adjustable, an adjusting structure is accurate and operable and the like need to be considered when a paraxial laser arc compound welding gun with good compatibility is applied to engineering, and a practical laser arc compound welding gun structure with high adaptability and adjustable multiple degrees of freedom is lacked at the present stage.

The existing side-axis type laser electric arc composite welding gun structure mainly comprises two types, wherein one type is a highly integrated fixed structure, the main representative is a laser electric arc composite welding gun structure developed by Fronius company of Austria, the structure is small in geometric dimension, convenient to install and high in focal length adjustment precision, but the structure only supports a single standard type laser welding gun and an electric arc welding gun during design. Chinese patent No. CN201320060021.3 discloses a laser-arc hybrid welding head adjusting device, which adjusts the position and angle of an arc welding gun mainly by adjusting a manual adjusting mechanical mounting structure, and the adjusting method is inconvenient, and the accuracy of manually determining the mounting position is poor. In summary, a laser-arc composite welding gun structure which is strong in comprehensive adaptive energy, good in practicability and adjustable in multiple degrees of freedom is still lacking in the related application field at present.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment laser arc composite welding gun structure, which is capable of achieving multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment, strong operability and high adjustment precision.

The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:

a multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment laser arc composite welding gun structure comprises a laser welding gun, an arc welding gun, a fixed support piece, a linear adjusting mechanism and a welding gun angle adjusting mechanism;

the linear adjusting mechanism comprises an X-axis adjusting mechanism, a Y-axis adjusting mechanism and a Z-axis adjusting mechanism; the X-axis adjusting mechanism is connected with the Y-axis adjusting mechanism, and the Z-axis adjusting mechanism is connected with the X-axis adjusting mechanism; the laser welding gun is fixed with the straight Y-axis adjusting mechanism through a fixed support piece; the welding gun angle adjusting mechanism is connected with the Z-axis adjusting mechanism; the arc welding gun is connected with the welding gun angle adjusting mechanism; the linear adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the positions of the arc welding gun in the horizontal transverse direction, the horizontal longitudinal direction and the vertical direction so as to adjust the position of the arc welding gun relative to the laser welding gun; the welding gun angle adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting an included angle between the axial direction of the electric arc welding gun and the axial direction of the laser welding gun.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages:

(1) the laser-arc composite welding gun structure is provided with the linear adjusting mechanism and the welding gun angle adjusting mechanism, has the multi-degree-of-freedom adjustable function, can adjust the position of the arc welding gun relative to the laser welding gun and the axial included angle of the arc welding gun relative to the laser welding gun at the same time, and can meet the requirements of various processes in engineering practice.

(2) The linear adjusting mechanism adopts a grinding lead screw for transmission, a dovetail pair guide rail is used for guiding, the adjusting precision is high, and the operability is strong.

(3) The welding gun angle adjusting mechanism is driven by a precise worm gear and a guide rail in an arc shape, so that the angles of two directions of the arc welding gun assembly can be accurately adjusted, and meanwhile, the structure has a self-locking function and strong adjusting operability.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the general structure of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the connection of the arc welding gun to the angle adjustment mechanism.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the connection between the angle adjusting mechanism and the linear adjusting mechanism.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the angle adjusting mechanism.

FIG. 5 is an exploded view of the angle scale mechanism.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and embodiments.

With reference to fig. 1, the multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment laser arc composite welding gun structure comprises a laser welding gun 1, an arc welding gun 2, a fixed support member 3, a linear adjustment mechanism 4 and a welding gun angle adjustment mechanism 5;

the linear adjusting mechanism 4 comprises an X-axis adjusting mechanism, a Y-axis adjusting mechanism and a Z-axis adjusting mechanism; the X-axis adjusting mechanism is connected with the Y-axis adjusting mechanism, and the Z-axis adjusting mechanism is connected with the X-axis adjusting mechanism; the laser welding gun 1 is fixed with the straight Y-axis adjusting mechanism through a fixed support piece 3; the welding gun angle adjusting mechanism 5 is connected with the Z-axis adjusting mechanism; the electric arc welding gun 2 is connected with a welding gun angle adjusting mechanism 5; the linear adjusting mechanism 4 is used for adjusting the positions of the arc welding gun 2 in the horizontal transverse direction, the horizontal longitudinal direction and the vertical direction so as to adjust the position of the arc welding gun 2 relative to the laser welding gun 1; the welding gun angle adjusting mechanism 5 is used for adjusting an included angle between the axial direction of the electric arc welding gun 2 and the axial direction of the laser welding gun 1.

Furthermore, the X-axis adjusting mechanism, the Y-axis adjusting mechanism and the Z-axis adjusting mechanism have the same structure and respectively comprise a bearing support seat 41, a fixed plate 43, an adjusting screw 42, a slide block 44 and a guide rod 45; bearing supporting seats 41 are respectively fixed at two ends of the fixing plate 43, and two ends of the adjusting screw rod 42 are supported by the bearing supporting seats 41; the sliding block 44 is in threaded connection with the adjusting screw rod 41; a guide rod 45 is arranged between the two bearing supporting seats 41, and the guide rod 45 penetrates through the sliding block 44 to guide the sliding block 44; the fixed plate 43 of the X-axis adjusting mechanism is connected with the slide block 44 of the Y-axis adjusting mechanism through a connecting plate 47; the fixed plate 43 of the Z-axis adjusting mechanism is connected with the slide block 44 of the X-axis adjusting mechanism; the adjusting screw 42 is provided with a knob 46, so that the knob 46 is rotated to drive the adjusting screw to rotate. The welding gun angle adjusting mechanism 5 is connected with a slide block 44 of the Z-axis adjusting mechanism. The fixed support 3 is connected to a fixed plate 43 of the Y-axis adjusting mechanism.

Further, the guide rod 45 and the slide block 44 are matched by adopting a dovetail pair structure.

Further, the welding gun angle adjusting mechanism 5 comprises a precise manual angular displacement adjusting structure 51 and an angular displacement mounting structure 52; the precise manual angular displacement adjusting structure 51 is fixed with an angular displacement mounting structure 52, and the angular displacement mounting structure 52 is connected with the sliding block 44 of the Z-axis adjusting mechanism; the precise manual angular displacement adjustment structure 51 precisely adjusts the angular postures of the arc welding gun assembly 2 in two directions.

Further, the precise manual angular displacement adjusting structure 51 comprises two angle adjusting mechanisms with the same structure, and the adjusting directions of the two angle adjusting mechanisms are perpendicular to each other; the angle adjusting mechanism comprises an upper arc-shaped mounting plate 61, an arc-shaped turbine 62, a worm 63, a lower arc-shaped mounting plate 65 and two arc-shaped guide rails 64;

the arc turbine 62 and the upper arc mounting plate 61 are fixed together through screws; two ends of the worm 63 are connected with the lower arc-shaped mounting plate 65 through bearings 67; the worm 63 cooperates with the arc-shaped worm wheel 62; arc-shaped guide rails 64 are respectively arranged on two sides of the worm 63; the two arc-shaped guide rails 64 are fixed with the lower arc-shaped mounting plate 65; the lower end of the upper arc-shaped mounting plate 61 is provided with a sliding groove which is matched with the arc-shaped guide rail 64; the upper arc-shaped mounting plate 61 can slide in an arc shape relative to the arc-shaped guide rail 64; a hand wheel 68 is arranged on the worm 63 to facilitate the rotation of the worm 63. The lower arc-shaped mounting plate 65 of one angle adjusting mechanism is fixed with the lower arc-shaped mounting plate 65 of the other angle adjusting mechanism, and the worms 63 of the two angle adjusting mechanisms are axially vertical. The matching side of the arc-shaped worm wheel 62 and the worm 63 is a tooth-shaped structure, and the tooth-shaped structure is fixed on the arc-shaped plate.

Furthermore, the angle adjusting mechanism is also provided with an angle scaling mechanism; the angle scale mechanism comprises a pointer 69, a graduated scale 66; the pointer is fixed with the upper arc-shaped mounting plate 61; the graduated scale 66 is fixed with the lower arc-shaped mounting plate 65; an arc-shaped groove 661 is arranged on the graduated scale 66; angle scales are arranged along the side edge of the arc-shaped groove 661; the pointer passes through the arc-shaped groove 661; the pointer is provided with a marked line, and the marked line points to the angle scale. Manual rotation hand wheel, worm 63 and turbine 62 cooperation drive arc mounting panel 61 and realize the arc line along arc guide 64 and remove, realize the function of manual angle displacement regulation, go up arc mounting panel 61 and drive the pointer and rotate, and the pointer rotates relative to the scale, instructs turned angle. The welding gun is fixed with the upper arc-shaped mounting plate 61 through the clamping block 22. The arc-shaped worm wheel 62 and the worm 63 are adopted for driving, so that the self-locking capability is realized, and the precision and the stability of angle adjustment are ensured.

The laser-arc composite welding gun structure is provided with the linear adjusting mechanism and the welding gun angle adjusting mechanism, has the multi-degree-of-freedom adjustable function, can adjust the position of the arc welding gun relative to the laser welding gun and the axial included angle of the arc welding gun relative to the laser welding gun at the same time, and can meet the requirements of various processes in engineering practice. The linear adjusting mechanism adopts a grinding lead screw for transmission, a dovetail pair guide rail is used for guiding, the adjusting precision is high, and the operability is strong. The welding gun angle adjusting mechanism is driven by a precise worm gear and a guide rail in an arc shape, so that the angles of two directions of the arc welding gun assembly can be accurately adjusted, and meanwhile, the structure has a self-locking function and strong adjusting operability.