阅读说明：本技术 一种电弧增材制造熔池动态检测装置及方法 (Dynamic detection device and method for arc additive manufacturing molten pool ) 是由 张天雷 马春伟 沈艳涛 明灿 顾青山 高庆伟 徐刚 于 2019-11-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种电弧增材制造熔池动态检测装置及方法,所述装置包括基板、样品、电弧焊炬、焊丝和弧焊电源,在样品的附近设有用于拍摄熔池的摄像机,所述摄像机的镜头上设有复合滤光镜,所述复合滤光镜从外到内依次由UV镜、长波通滤光镜以及红外截止滤光镜组成,所述摄像机信号连接有计算机。本发明可以在无背光光源的条件下实时检测电弧增材制造过程中熔池的形状及动态波动,为电弧增材制造过程后续的熔池分析及焊接参数调整提供依据,进而有效保证了电弧增材制造的质量,检测装置结构简单,使用方便,检测方法简单,检测成本低廉,检测结果准确可靠。(The invention discloses a dynamic detection device and a method for an electric arc additive manufacturing molten pool, wherein the device comprises a substrate, a sample, an electric arc welding torch, a welding wire and an arc welding power supply, a camera for shooting the molten pool is arranged near the sample, a lens of the camera is provided with a composite filter, the composite filter consists of a UV (ultraviolet) mirror, a long-wave-pass filter and an infrared cut-off filter in sequence from outside to inside, and the camera is connected with a computer in a signal mode. The invention can detect the shape and dynamic fluctuation of the molten pool in the electric arc additive manufacturing process in real time under the condition of no backlight light source, provides basis for subsequent molten pool analysis and welding parameter adjustment in the electric arc additive manufacturing process, and further effectively ensures the quality of electric arc additive manufacturing.)

1. The dynamic detection device for the arc additive manufacturing molten pool comprises a base plate, a sample, an arc welding torch, a welding wire and an arc welding power supply, wherein the sample is arranged on the top of the base plate; the arc welding torch is connected with an arc welding power supply, the arc welding torch is positioned right above the sample, and the welding wire is positioned between the arc welding torch and the sample; the welding wire is connected with a wire feeding mechanism used for conveying the welding wire, and the arc welding torch is used for generating an arc to melt a sample to form a molten pool and guiding the welding wire into the molten pool; the method is characterized in that: be equipped with the camera that is used for shooing the molten bath near the sample, be equipped with compound optical filter on the camera lens of camera, compound optical filter comprises UV mirror, long wave pass optical filter and infrared cut-off optical filter from outer to interior in proper order, camera signal connection has the computer.

2. The arc additive manufacturing molten pool dynamic detection device of claim 1, wherein: the visible light transmittance of the UV mirror is 0.2-1%.

3. The arc additive manufacturing molten pool dynamic detection device of claim 1, wherein: the long-wavelength pass filter can filter light below 620nm wavelength.

4. The arc additive manufacturing molten pool dynamic detection device of claim 1, wherein: the infrared cut filter can filter light with the wavelength of more than 700 nm.

5. The arc additive manufacturing molten pool dynamic detection device of claim 1, wherein: the arc welding robot further comprises a robot and a robot control system for controlling the robot, wherein the robot is respectively connected with the sample and the arc welding torch and used for moving the sample and the arc welding torch.

6. The arc additive manufacturing molten pool dynamic detection device of claim 1, wherein: the arc welding torch further comprises an inert gas cylinder for providing inert gas, and the inert gas cylinder is communicated with the arc welding torch.

7. The arc additive manufacturing molten pool dynamic detection device of claim 1, wherein: the position of the camera and the angle of the lens can be adjusted.

8. A dynamic detection method for an electric arc additive manufacturing molten pool is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

a) setting electric arc additive manufacturing parameters;

b) mounting the composite filter lens on a lens of a camera, placing the camera near a sample, aligning the lens of the camera with the sample, and adjusting the focal length of the camera until an image is clear;

c) starting an arc welding power supply, generating an arc by an arc welding torch, melting the top of the sample to form a molten pool under the action of the arc, feeding the welding wire between the arc welding torch and the sample by a wire feeding mechanism, and melting and guiding the welding wire into the molten pool by the arc welding torch;

d) when the molten pool appears, the camera starts to shoot the molten pool and transmits the shot data to the computer.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a dynamic detection device and method for an electric arc additive manufacturing molten pool, and belongs to the technical field of electric arc additive manufacturing.

Background

The electric arc additive manufacturing technology is an advanced digital manufacturing technology which gradually forms metal parts from a line-surface-body according to a three-dimensional digital model under the control of a program by utilizing a layer-by-layer cladding principle, adopting an electric arc as a heat source and adding wires. The method has the advantages of low technical cost, high production efficiency, simple equipment and the like, and becomes an important means for realizing economic and rapid forming of metal parts.

In the electric arc additive manufacturing process, the detection control of the shape of a molten pool is the key for determining the manufacturing quality. At present, the detection of the molten pool in the field mainly depends on the means of combining a backlight source imaging system and an image acquisition system, the detection effect is not ideal, the detection method is relatively complex, and the implementation process is relatively difficult.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a dynamic detection apparatus and method for an arc additive manufacturing molten pool.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the dynamic detection device for the arc additive manufacturing molten pool comprises a base plate, a sample, an arc welding torch, a welding wire and an arc welding power supply, wherein the sample is arranged on the top of the base plate; the arc welding torch is connected with an arc welding power supply, the arc welding torch is positioned right above the sample, and the welding wire is positioned between the arc welding torch and the sample; the welding wire is connected with the thread feeding mechanism who is used for carrying the welding wire, the arc welding torch is used for producing electric arc melting sample in order to form the molten bath to guide the welding wire to get into the molten bath, be equipped with the camera that is used for shooing the molten bath near the sample, be equipped with compound optical filter on the camera lens of camera, compound optical filter comprises UV mirror, long wave pass optical filter and infrared end optical filter from outside to inside in proper order, camera signal connection has the computer.

In one embodiment, the UV mirror has a visible light transmittance of 0.2 to 1%, preferably 0.3%.

As one embodiment, the long wavelength pass filter may filter light below a wavelength of 620 nm.

As one embodiment, the infrared cut filter may filter light above 700nm wavelengths.

As an embodiment, a robot and a robot control system for controlling the robot are also included, the robot being connected to the sample and the arc torch for moving the sample and the arc torch, respectively.

As an embodiment, the arc welding torch further comprises an inert gas cylinder for providing inert gas, wherein the inert gas cylinder is communicated with the arc welding torch.

As an embodiment, the position of the camera and the angle of its lens are adjustable.

A dynamic detection method for an arc additive manufacturing molten pool comprises the following steps:

a) setting electric arc additive manufacturing parameters;

b) mounting the composite filter lens on a lens of a camera, placing the camera near a sample, aligning the lens of the camera with the sample, and adjusting the focal length of the camera until an image is clear;

c) starting an arc welding power supply, generating an arc by an arc welding torch, melting the top of the sample to form a molten pool under the action of the arc, feeding the welding wire between the arc welding torch and the sample by a wire feeding mechanism, and melting and guiding the welding wire into the molten pool by the arc welding torch;

d) when the molten pool appears, the camera starts to shoot the molten pool and transmits the shot data to the computer.

In one embodiment, the arc torch is connected to a cylinder of inert gas and the arc generated by the arc torch melts the sample in an inert gas atmosphere. The inert gas is argon, and the flow of the argon is 5-15 liters per minute.

In the process of manufacturing the arc additive, the voltage of an arc welding power supply is 150-200V, the current is 25-35A, and the pulse frequency is 100-200 Hz; the wire feeding speed of the wire feeding mechanism is 7-8 m/min; the welding speed of the arc welding torch is 15-20 cm/min, and the arc swinging speed is 185-195 radians/min.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:

the invention can detect the shape and dynamic fluctuation of the molten pool in the electric arc additive manufacturing process in real time under the condition of no backlight light source, provides basis for subsequent molten pool analysis and welding parameter adjustment in the electric arc additive manufacturing process, and further effectively ensures the quality of electric arc additive manufacturing.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an arc additive manufacturing molten pool dynamic detection device provided in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the connection between a camera and a composite filter lens according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a molten pool picture taken by an arc additive manufacturing molten pool dynamic detection device provided in an embodiment of the invention;

the numbers in the figures are as follows: 1. a substrate; 2. a sample; 3. an arc welding torch; 4. welding wires; 5. an arc welding power supply; 6. a molten pool; 7. a camera; 8. compounding a filter lens; 81. a UV mirror; 82. a long-wave pass filter; 83. an infrared cut filter; 9. a computer; 10. a robot; 11. a robot control system; 12. and an inert gas cylinder.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.