阅读说明：本技术 一种细化晶粒的3d打印用金属粉末的制备方法 (Preparation method of refined-grain metal powder for 3D printing ) 是由 沈宝祥 于 2019-09-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提出了一种细化晶粒的3D打印用金属粉末的制备方法,包括以下步骤：1)细化剂预处理：将细化剂粉末加入至氯化铵溶液中,得到悬浊液,静置悬浊液至分层,倒掉上清液,得到粘稠状中间产物,粘稠状中间产物进行洗涤干燥即可获得细化剂粉末；2)基体金属处理：采用真空感应熔炼炉将基体金属进行熔化处理,得到基体金属熔液；3)将细化剂粉末加入到基体金属熔液进行搅拌至细化剂完全熔化,得到金属熔液；4)去除金属熔液中的气体及夹杂物,浇铸到金属模具中,冷却后得到铸锭；5)粉碎铸锭并精磨后即可。该方法通过对细化剂预处理增加晶粒细化剂粉末与基体粉末的相容性,提高3D打印用的金属材料的力学性能,并且含氧量低。(The invention provides a preparation method of kinds of metal powder for 3D printing of refined grains, which comprises the following steps of 1) refining agent pretreatment, namely adding refining agent powder into an ammonium chloride solution to obtain a suspension, standing the suspension until the suspension is layered, pouring out supernatant to obtain a viscous intermediate product, washing and drying the viscous intermediate product to obtain refining agent powder, 2) base metal treatment, namely melting base metal by using a vacuum induction melting furnace to obtain base metal melt, 3) adding the refining agent powder into the base metal melt, stirring until the refining agent is completely melted to obtain metal melt, 4) removing gas and impurities in the metal melt, casting the metal melt into a metal mold, cooling to obtain cast ingots, and 5) crushing and finely grinding the cast ingots.)

1, kinds of preparation methods of metal powder for 3D printing of refined crystal grain, characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) pretreating a refiner: adding the refiner powder into an ammonium chloride solution to obtain a suspension, standing the suspension until layering, pouring off a supernatant to obtain a viscous intermediate product, and washing and drying the viscous intermediate product to obtain the refiner powder;

2) treating base metal: melting the base metal by using a vacuum induction melting furnace to obtain base metal melt;

3) adding refiner powder into the base metal melt, and stirring until the refiner is completely melted to obtain the metal melt;

4) steps of removing gas and inclusions in the molten metal through electroslag remelting and vacuum consumable melting, casting the molten metal into a metal mold, and cooling to obtain a cast ingot;

5) and crushing the cast ingot and finely grinding to obtain the refined grain metal powder for 3D printing.

2. The method for preparing a metal powder for 3D printing of refined grains according to claim 1, wherein the refining of step 1) is performedThe powder is TiSi₂。

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the ammonium chloride melt has a mass concentration of 8 to 15%.

4. The method for preparing a metal powder for 3D printing of refined grains according to claim 1, wherein the base metal of step 2) is aluminum or aluminum alloy.

5. The method for preparing the metal powder for 3D printing of the refined grains according to claim 4, wherein the melting temperature in the step 2) is 700-800 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 20-30 min after the aluminum or the aluminum alloy is melted.

6. The method of manufacturing a metal powder for 3D printing with refined crystal grains according to claim 1, wherein after the ingot is crushed, coarse particles of 100 mesh or more are removed by a sieve.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of 3D printing, and particularly relates to a preparation method of metal powder for 3D printing, which relates to refined crystal grains.

Background

The 3D printing technology mainly has the advantages of simplifying the design process, reducing the production cost and quickening the production period, and the material form of 3D metal printing mainly comprises powder and metal wires, and the application of the metal powder is more extensive.

The mechanical properties of the metal material mainly depend on the internal structure and structure, and important characteristic parameters in the structure are grain size, so grain size refinement and grain size control are particularly important two methods for grain refinement at present, wherein types are methods for adding grain refiners into the metal melt, and types are methods for adopting physical vibration, wherein the types of the grain refiners are limited, like commercial Al-Ti-B intermediate alloys commonly used in aluminum and aluminum alloys, the grain refiners cannot be used for grain refinement of high-purity aluminum, and the solidification segregation of alloys cannot be effectively inhibited.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a preparation method of kinds of metal powder for 3D printing with refined grains, which increases the compatibility of grain refiner powder and matrix powder through the pretreatment of a refiner, improves the mechanical property of a metal material for 3D printing and has low oxygen content.

The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:

preparation method of metal powder for 3D printing of refined grains, comprising the following steps:

1) pretreating a refiner: adding the refiner powder into an ammonium chloride solution to obtain a suspension, standing the suspension until layering, pouring off a supernatant to obtain a viscous intermediate product, and washing and drying the viscous intermediate product to obtain the refiner powder;

2) treating base metal: melting the base metal by using a vacuum induction melting furnace to obtain base metal melt;

3) adding refiner powder into the base metal melt, and stirring until the refiner is completely melted to obtain the metal melt;

4) steps of removing gas and inclusions in the molten metal through electroslag remelting and vacuum consumable melting, casting the molten metal into a metal mold, and cooling to obtain a cast ingot;

5) and crushing the cast ingot and finely grinding to obtain the refined grain metal powder for 3D printing.

Preferably, the refiner powder of step 1) is TiSi₂。

Preferably, the mass concentration of the ammonium chloride solution is 8-15%.

Preferably, the base metal of step 2) is aluminum or an aluminum alloy.

Preferably, the melting temperature in the step 2) is 700-800 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 20-30 min after the aluminum or the aluminum alloy is melted.

Preferably, after the ingot is crushed, coarse particles of 100 mesh or more are removed by a sieve.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the refiner powder is pretreated by ammonium chloride solution, so that impurities and oil stains on the surface of the refiner are removed, the surface activity of the refiner powder is improved, the compatibility of the refiner powder and matrix powder is improved, the refiner powder and the matrix powder are uniformly mixed, the performance of printed parts is improved, and the mechanical property of metal parts is improved from the source.

2. examples of the present invention in which the refiner powder is TiSi₂The aluminum alloy is not the traditional Al-Ti-C series and Al-Ti-B series ternary intermediate alloy, has more remarkable effect on refining grains of aluminum or aluminum alloy and good thermal stability, and also solves the problems of high alloy content, easy oxidation and poor molten steel fluidity and thus great powder making difficulty.

3. The metal powder for 3D printing obtained by the preparation method disclosed by the invention is good in yield strength and fatigue property, and the oxygen content is less than 200 ppm.

Detailed Description