阅读说明：本技术 一种外加磁场的自动焊接装备及方法 (Automatic welding equipment and method with external magnetic field ) 是由 刘德政 李炎 罗静 朱文利 王友 赵敬 于 2019-11-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种外加磁场的自动焊接装备及方法,所述自动焊接装备包括：第一位置调节机构、焊枪单元、线圈单元、第二位置调节机构和第三位置调节机构,焊枪单元包括相连的焊枪和第一驱动件,第一驱动件与第一位置调节机构的第一端相连；线圈单元包括相连的磁线圈和第二驱动件,第二驱动件与第一位置调节机构的第二端相连,驱动方向与第一驱动件的驱动方向平行；第二位置调节机构与第一位置调节机构相连,其调节方向与第一位置调节机构相垂直；第三位置调节机构与第二位置调节机构相连,其调节方向与第一位置调节机构相平行,且与第二位置调节机构相垂直。本发明通过磁场对电弧的控制,改善了焊缝成形,提高了焊接质量。(The invention discloses an automatic welding device and method with an external magnetic field, wherein the automatic welding device comprises: the welding gun unit comprises a welding gun and a first driving piece which are connected, and the first driving piece is connected with a first end of the first position adjusting mechanism; the coil unit comprises a magnetic coil and a second driving piece which are connected, the second driving piece is connected with the second end of the first position adjusting mechanism, and the driving direction is parallel to that of the first driving piece; the second position adjusting mechanism is connected with the first position adjusting mechanism, and the adjusting direction of the second position adjusting mechanism is vertical to that of the first position adjusting mechanism; the third position adjusting mechanism is connected with the second position adjusting mechanism, and the adjusting direction of the third position adjusting mechanism is parallel to the first position adjusting mechanism and is vertical to the second position adjusting mechanism. The invention improves the welding seam forming and improves the welding quality by controlling the electric arc through the magnetic field.)

1. An applied magnetic field automatic welding apparatus, comprising:

a first position adjustment mechanism;

the welding gun unit comprises a welding gun and a first driving piece which are connected, and the first driving piece is connected with the first end of the first position adjusting mechanism;

the coil unit comprises a magnetic coil and a second driving piece which are connected, the second driving piece is connected with a second end which is arranged on the first position adjusting mechanism and opposite to the first end, and the driving direction of the second driving piece is parallel to that of the first driving piece; the first position adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the relative distance between the coil unit and the welding gun unit;

the second position adjusting mechanism is connected with the first position adjusting mechanism, and the adjusting direction of the second position adjusting mechanism is vertical to that of the first position adjusting mechanism;

and the third position adjusting mechanism is connected with the second position adjusting mechanism, and the adjusting direction of the third position adjusting mechanism is parallel to the first position adjusting mechanism and is vertical to the second position adjusting mechanism.

2. The automatic welding equipment with external magnetic field as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the first position adjusting mechanism comprises a bottom plate, and a cam, a third driving piece, a first auxiliary piece and a second auxiliary piece which are arranged on the bottom plate; the third driving piece is connected with the cam, and the driving direction of the third driving piece is parallel to the driving directions of the first driving piece and the second driving piece;

one end of the first auxiliary part and one end of the second auxiliary part are respectively connected with two opposite sides of the cam, and the other ends of the first auxiliary part and the second auxiliary part are respectively connected with the first driving part and the second driving part; when the cam is driven by the third driving piece to move, the first auxiliary piece and the second auxiliary piece move oppositely.

3. The automatic welding equipment with external magnetic field as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the first auxiliary part and the second auxiliary part have the same structure and respectively comprise a wheel, an elastic rod and a guide block;

the wheel is in contact with the side wall of the cam;

the guide block is arranged on the bottom plate;

one end of the elastic rod is connected with the wheel, and the other end of the elastic rod penetrates through the guide block and then is connected with the corresponding first driving piece or second driving piece;

when the cam is driven to move by the third driving member, the wheels of the first and second auxiliary members move along the cam surfaces, so that the first and second driving members move towards each other.

4. The automatic welding equipment with external magnetic field as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the first driving piece and the second driving piece are both cylinders.

5. The automatic welding equipment with external magnetic field as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the adjusting direction of the second position adjusting mechanism is the horizontal direction, and the adjusting directions of the first position adjusting mechanism and the third position adjusting mechanism are the vertical direction.

6. The automatic welding equipment with external magnetic field as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the automatic welding equipment with the external magnetic field further comprises a chassis and a driving device, and the first position adjusting mechanism is arranged on the chassis; the driving device comprises a power assembly, a rolling assembly and a force transmission assembly, and the power assembly is positioned on the chassis; the rolling assembly is rotatably connected with the chassis and connected with the power assembly through the force transmission assembly to drive the automatic welding equipment with the external magnetic field to move to a specified position.

7. The automatic welding equipment with external magnetic field as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the power assembly comprises a first motor; the rolling assembly comprises four wheels, a first rotating shaft and a second rotating shaft, and the wheels are respectively and rotatably arranged at the bottom of the chassis; two ends of the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are respectively connected with corresponding wheels and are rotatably arranged at the bottom of the chassis; the power transmission assembly comprises a first gear, a second gear and a first belt, the first gear is connected with an output shaft of the first motor, the second gear is connected with the first rotating shaft, and the first belt is connected to the first gear and the second gear.

8. A welding method of an automatic welding device based on an applied magnetic field according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that:

based on a calculation formula of total magnetic induction intensity at the welding seam, calculating a position relation parameter between the welding seam position and a magnetic coil in a coil unit:

and adjusting the positions of the welding gun unit and the coil unit by utilizing the first position adjusting mechanism, the second position adjusting mechanism and the second position adjusting mechanism based on the position relation parameter, so that the positions of the coil unit and the welding seam are matched with the position relation parameter.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the step of applying a magnetic field comprises: the calculation formula of the total magnetic induction intensity is as follows:

wherein, B_rFor radial magnetic induction at any point in the space of a limited long-pass electromagnetic coil, B_cFor tangential magnetic induction, B_zAxial magnetic induction intensity; Δ h₁＝L-h，Δh₂＝L-h；μ₀Is the spatial magnetic permeability; i is the energizing current in the magnetic coil; r is the magnetic coil radius; r is the distance from the center of the cross section of the magnetic coil to the weld joint; l is the length of the magnet coil and h is the distance of the weld location projected in the direction of the length of the magnet coil to the center of the length of the magnet coil.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein the step of applying a magnetic field comprises: the step of adjusting the positions of the welding gun unit and the coil unit by using the first position adjusting mechanism, the second position adjusting mechanism and the second position adjusting mechanism based on the position parameters further comprises the following steps:

the first position adjusting mechanism, the second position adjusting mechanism, and the second position adjusting mechanism are transported to a specified position by a driving device so that a weld is located between the welding gun unit and the coil unit.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of welding equipment, and particularly relates to automatic welding equipment and method with an external magnetic field.

Background

The traditional thick plate welding needs a large groove, so that the cost is high, and the large groove welding seam is easy to form stress concentration, so that the defects of cracks, air holes and the like are caused, and the welding quality is seriously influenced. In recent years, magnetic control welding derived by connecting a magnetic field with a welding technology is emphasized due to the advantage of improving the mechanical property of a welding joint, the magnetic control welding technology introduces the magnetic field in the welding, crystal grains can be refined due to the stirring effect of the magnetic field, the mechanical property of the welding joint is improved, and the control of the magnetic field on the swing of an electric arc can reasonably distribute welding heat input on the side wall and the bottom, so that a well-formed welding joint is obtained.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems of overlarge groove and overlarge consumption of welding materials in traditional thick plate welding and poor welding quality, the invention provides automatic welding equipment and method with an externally applied magnetic field.

The technical purpose is achieved, the technical effect is achieved, and the invention is realized through the following technical scheme:

in a first aspect, the present invention provides an automatic welding device with an applied magnetic field, comprising:

a first position adjustment mechanism;

the welding gun unit comprises a welding gun and a first driving piece which are connected, and the first driving piece is connected with the first end of the first position adjusting mechanism;

the coil unit comprises a magnetic coil and a second driving piece which are connected, the second driving piece is connected with a second end which is arranged on the first position adjusting mechanism and opposite to the first end, and the driving direction of the second driving piece is parallel to that of the first driving piece; the first position adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the relative distance between the coil unit and the welding gun unit;

the second position adjusting mechanism is connected with the first position adjusting mechanism, and the adjusting direction of the second position adjusting mechanism is vertical to that of the first position adjusting mechanism;

the third position adjusting mechanism is connected with the second position adjusting mechanism; the adjusting direction of the first position adjusting mechanism is parallel to the first position adjusting mechanism and is vertical to the second position adjusting mechanism.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the first position adjustment mechanism includes a bottom plate, and a cam, a third driving member, a first auxiliary member and a second auxiliary member provided on the bottom plate; the third driving piece is connected with the cam, and the driving direction of the third driving piece is parallel to the driving directions of the first driving piece and the second driving piece;

one end of the first auxiliary part and one end of the second auxiliary part are respectively connected with two opposite sides of the cam, and the other ends of the first auxiliary part and the second auxiliary part are respectively connected with the first driving part and the second driving part; when the cam is driven by the third driving piece to move, the first auxiliary piece and the second auxiliary piece move oppositely.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the first auxiliary member and the second auxiliary member have the same structure, and each of the first auxiliary member and the second auxiliary member includes a wheel, an elastic rod and a guide block;

the wheel is in contact with the side wall of the cam;

the guide block is arranged on the bottom plate;

one end of the elastic rod is connected with the guide block, and the other end of the elastic rod penetrates through the guide block and then is connected with the corresponding first driving piece or second driving piece;

when the cam is driven to move by the third driving member, the wheels of the first and second auxiliary members move along the cam surfaces, so that the first and second driving members move towards each other.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the first driving member and the second driving member are both air cylinders.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the adjustment direction of the second position adjustment mechanism is a horizontal direction, and the adjustment directions of the first position adjustment mechanism and the third position adjustment mechanism are vertical directions.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the automatic welding equipment with external magnetic field further comprises a chassis and a driving device, wherein the first position adjusting mechanism is arranged on the chassis; the driving device comprises a power assembly, a rolling assembly and a force transmission assembly, and the power assembly is positioned on the chassis; the rolling assembly is rotatably connected with the chassis and connected with the power assembly through the force transmission assembly to drive the automatic welding equipment with the external magnetic field to move to a specified position.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the power assembly includes a first motor; the rolling assembly comprises four wheels, a first rotating shaft and a second rotating shaft, and the wheels are respectively and rotatably arranged at the bottom of the chassis; two ends of the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are respectively connected with corresponding wheels and are rotatably arranged at the bottom of the chassis; the power transmission assembly comprises a first gear, a second gear and a first belt, the first gear is connected with an output shaft of the first motor, the second gear is connected with the first rotating shaft, and the first belt is connected to the first gear and the second gear.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides a welding method for an automatic welding device based on an applied magnetic field according to any one of the first aspect, wherein the method comprises:

based on a calculation formula of total magnetic induction intensity at the welding seam, calculating a position relation parameter between the welding seam position and a magnetic coil in a coil unit:

and adjusting the positions of the welding gun unit and the coil unit by utilizing the first position adjusting mechanism, the second position adjusting mechanism and the second position adjusting mechanism based on the position relation parameter, so that the positions of the coil unit and the welding seam are matched with the position relation parameter.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the calculation formula of the total magnetic induction intensity is:

wherein, B_rFor radial magnetic induction at any point in the space of a limited long-pass electromagnetic coil, B_cFor tangential magnetic induction, B_zAxial magnetic induction intensity; Δ h₁＝L-h，Δh₂＝L-h；μ₀Is the spatial magnetic permeability; i is the energizing current in the magnetic coil; r is the magnetic coil radius; r is the distance from the center of the cross section of the magnetic coil to the weld joint; l is the length of the magnet coil and h is the distance of the weld location projected in the direction of the length of the magnet coil to the center of the length of the magnet coil.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the step of adjusting the positions of the torch unit and the coil unit using the first position adjustment mechanism, the second position adjustment mechanism, and the second position adjustment mechanism based on the position parameter further includes:

the first position adjusting mechanism, the second position adjusting mechanism, and the second position adjusting mechanism are transported to a specified position by a driving device so that a weld is located between the welding gun unit and the coil unit.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

in the welding process, the radian of the arc swing (in the welding arc, a large amount of charged particles are concentrated in an arc column flashing bright area, the charged ions can bear Lorentz force in a magnetic field, and the swing of the arc can be controlled by controlling the size and the direction of an external magnetic field) is controlled by adjusting the magnetic induction intensity, the alternating-current magnetic field is synthesized, the interaction of the arc and a molten pool generates an electromagnetic stirring effect, the crystallization and heat transfer processes of liquid metal in the molten pool are changed, crystal grains are refined, and the mechanical property of a welding seam is improved.

The invention adds the alternating current magnetic field on the basis of the traditional electric arc welding, improves the welding seam formation and the welding quality by controlling the electric arc through the magnetic field, can be applied to the field of narrow gap welding by reasonably setting the magnetic field parameters, and has very strong application prospect.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of an automatic welding apparatus with an external magnetic field according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first position adjustment mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a third position adjustment mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

wherein:

1-a first position adjustment mechanism; 101-a base plate; 102-cam, 103-third driver; 104-wheels; 105-a resilient rod; 106-a guide block; 2-a second position adjustment mechanism; 3-a third position adjustment mechanism; 4-a welding torch unit; 401-a welding torch; 402-a first drive member; 5-a coil unit; 501-a magnetic coil; 502-a second driver; 6-a chassis; 7-a drive device; 701-a power assembly; 702-rolling assembly, 8-control box.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

The following detailed description of the principles of the invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings.