阅读说明：本技术 白桦脂酮酸衍生物在制备治疗神经系统疾病药物中的应用 (Application of betulonic acid derivative in preparation of medicine for treating nervous system diseases ) 是由 陈广通 吴艳妮 徐天怡 陆游佳 范博义 宋妍 于 2021-09-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于医药技术领域,公开了一类白桦脂酮酸衍生物在制备治疗神经系统疾病药物中的应用。本发明利用微生物转化技术,对白桦脂酮酸成功地进行了结构修饰,获得了16个具有母核结构修饰的新型的化合物,通过体外神经小胶质细胞炎症试验证实,这些化合物具有较好的抗神经炎症活性,可以作为治疗神经退行性疾病、创伤性脑损伤、中风药物的活性成分,具有广泛的用途。(The invention belongs to the technical field of medicines, and discloses an application of betulonic acid derivatives in preparation of medicines for treating nervous system diseases. The invention successfully carries out structural modification on the betulonic acid by utilizing a microbial transformation technology to obtain 16 novel compounds with mother nucleus structural modification, and the compounds have better anti-neuritis activity and can be used as active ingredients of medicaments for treating neurodegenerative diseases, traumatic brain injury and stroke as proved by in vitro neuroglia cell inflammation tests, thereby having wide application.)

1. An application of betulonic acid derivative or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt with any structural formula shown in the specification in preparing medicine for treating nervous system diseases,

2. the use of claim 1, wherein the agent for treating a neurological condition is an anti-neuritic agent.

3. The use of claim 1, wherein the medicament further comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.

4. The use according to claim 3, wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable excipient is one or more of a diluent, an excipient, a filler, a binder, a wetting agent, a disintegrant, an absorption enhancer, a surfactant, an adsorptive carrier and a lubricant.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of medicines, and particularly relates to an application of betulonic acid derivatives in preparation of medicines for treating nervous system diseases.

Background

With the aging process, the incidence of nervous system diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases, traumatic brain injury and stroke is increasing year by year. At present, clinical medicines can only relieve part of symptoms, and cannot effectively prevent diseases, improve cognitive states of patients and prevent disease development. The search for positive and effective treatment methods has become an irresistible task in related disciplines such as neuroscience. During the occurrence and development of the above diseases, damage, loss or death of nerve cells in the brain is the most basic pathological change, and the nerve function is often seriously damaged, so that hemiplegia, aphasia, dysnoesia or coma and even death are caused. Research has shown that during the development and development of neurodegenerative diseases, there is always an inflammatory reaction in the brain, which is mainly characterized by activation of glial cells. Therefore, the importance of neuroinflammation throughout the neurological field is becoming more and more evident.

Betulonic acid is also called betulonic acid, liquidambaric acid, etc., is a lupane type pentacyclic triterpene compound, mainly comes from the bark of birch, and is also present in plants such as apple, rangooncreeper fruit, negundo chastetree fruit and boxwood. Modern pharmacological research finds that betulonic acid has the biological activities of resisting tumors, viruses and inflammation, and the like, and is known for resisting melanoma. Betulonic acid is used as an oxidation product of betulinic acid which is an important intermediate for synthesizing antitumor drugs, and is also one of main objects of medicinal chemistry research. In the prior art, the sites of chemical structure modification are mainly carbonyl at the 3-position and carboxyl at the 28-position of betulonic acid. Due to the structural particularity of the pentacyclic triterpenoid, the parent nucleus lacks active groups, the number of reaction sites is small, the structure of the parent nucleus is difficult to modify by adopting a conventional chemical reaction method, and derivatives with modifications of hydroxyl, carbonyl and the like on the parent nucleus are obtained, so that the betulonic acid derivatives with the modified structure of the parent nucleus and chemical and pharmacological researches thereof are few.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide an application of betulonic acid derivatives in the preparation of drugs for treating nervous system diseases, and the betulonic acid derivatives or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof can be used for preparing drugs for treating nervous system diseases.

The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:

an application of betulonic acid derivative or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt with any structural formula shown in the specification in preparing medicine for treating nervous system diseases,

the preparation method of the betulonic acid derivative comprises the following steps:

1) fermenting and culturing microorganism, adding betulonic acid into culture medium with concentration of 2-5000 μ g/mL, performing transformation culture, and removing mycelium to obtain fermentation broth, wherein the microorganism is Rhizopus, Absidia, Mucor or Coptomyces;

2) extracting the fermentation liquor by using an organic solvent, and evaporating the extract to obtain a converted crude extract, wherein the organic solvent is preferably ethyl acetate;

3) the crude extract was subjected to reverse phase silica gel column chromatography with methanol: performing gradient elution by using water as a mobile phase, collecting fractions, analyzing and combining by using HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) to obtain 5 components, wherein the gradient elution condition preferably adopts methanol: water 20:80-40:60-60:40-80:20-100: 0;

4) purifying the components by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography to obtain the betulonic acid derivative.

Further, the medicament for treating the nervous system diseases is a medicament for repairing nerve injury.

Further, the medicament for treating the nervous system disease is an anti-neuritis medicament.

Further, the nerve injury comprises central nerve injury caused by neurodegenerative disease, trauma or stroke.

Further, the neurodegenerative disease includes alzheimer's disease, parkinson's disease, huntington's disease, or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Furthermore, the medicine also contains pharmaceutically acceptable auxiliary materials.

Further, the pharmaceutically acceptable auxiliary materials are one or more of diluents, excipients, fillers, binders, wetting agents, disintegrants, absorption enhancers, surfactants, adsorption carriers and lubricants.

Compared with the prior art, the betulonic acid derivatives are obtained by successfully carrying out structural modification on the betulonic acid by utilizing a microbial transformation technology, and the compounds have good nerve cell injury repair and neuritis resistance activities, can be used as active ingredients of medicaments for treating neurodegenerative diseases, stroke, brain injury and the like and have wide application as proved by nerve cell injury protection tests and neurogliocyte inflammation tests.

Detailed Description

In order to further illustrate the present invention, the following detailed description will be given of the technical solutions provided by the present invention with reference to examples.

Example 1 preparation of Compounds of formula I-XVI

The compound is prepared by adopting a microbial conversion method and taking betulonic acid as a raw material through the steps of fermentation, extraction, separation and the like. The strain of Rhizopus can be purchased from China academy of sciences (CGMCC), and is preserved in a solid slant culture medium at 4 deg.C in a refrigerator.

Taking Rhizopus arrhizus CGMCC 3.868 as an example, the process for preparing the compound with the structural formula I-XVI is as follows:

1) fermentation, transformation and extraction

Rhizopus arrhizus CGMCC 3.868 was inoculated into 2 250mL triangular flasks (containing 100mL potato medium) as seed solutions. After shaking culture on a shaking table at 160rpm and 26 ℃ for 1 day, 1mL of seed solution was aspirated by a sterile pipette and added to 20 1000mL shake flasks (containing 400mL potato medium) until the hyphae growth was in vigorous phase. After 1 day of shake culture, 20mg betulonic acid (0.2mL, 100mg/mL DMSO solution) was added to each flask, for a total of 400mg substrate. Continuing to transform for 7 days under the same conditions, filtering the fermentation broth, filtering to remove mycelium, extracting the filtrate with equal volume of ethyl acetate for 3 times, and concentrating the extractive solution under reduced pressure to dryness to obtain about 0.78g of crude extract of the transformed extract.

2) Reversed phase column chromatography

The crude extract was separated by reverse phase silica gel column chromatography ODS-C18(100g, 60X 3cm, 50. mu.M). Methanol: water gradient elution (20:80, 40:60, 60:40, 80:20, 100: 0). Collecting fractions, analyzing by HPLC, and mixing to obtain mixed components A-E.

3) Purification by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography

The combined fractions A-E were purified by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography, respectively. The preparation conditions were a column for semi-preparative YMC ODS A-5 μm, 10.0X 250mm, acetonitrile-water (35:65, 42:58, 55:45, 58:42, V/V), flow rate 2.5mL/min, and detection wavelength 203 nm. 16 transformation products of the formulae I to XVI are obtained, the mass spectra and the spectral data of which are shown below.

A compound I: 7 beta-acetoxy betulinic acid (3-oxo-7 beta-acetoxy-lup-20 (29) -en-28-oic acid); melting point 286-288 ℃; optical rotationMain absorption peak (KBr) v of infrared spectrum_max：3562,3029,2921,1741,1707,1693,1376,1214,1061cm^-1(ii) a High resolution mass spectrometry M/z 511.3426[ M-H [ ]]^-(calcd.for C₃₂H₄₇O₅511.3423); the NMR data are shown in Table 1.

Compound ii: 11 alpha, 15 alpha-dihydroxy betulinic acid (3-oxo-11 alpha, 15 alpha-dihydroxy-lup-20 (29) -en-28-oic acid); melting point 324-325 ℃; optical rotationMain absorption peak (KBr) v of infrared spectrum_max：3457,3035,2943,1745,1712,1382,1241,1076cm^-1(ii) a High resolution mass spectrometry M/z 485.3264[ M-H [ ]]^-(calcd.for C₃₀H₄₅O₅485.3267); the NMR data are shown in Table 1.

Compound iii: 7 beta, 11 beta-dihydroxy betulinic acid (3-oxo-7 beta, 11 beta-dihydroxy-lup-20 (29) -en-28-oic acid); melting point 318-; optical rotationMain absorption peak (KBr) v of infrared spectrum_max：3524,3041,2938,1742,1705,1365,1231,1086cm^-1(ii) a High resolution mass spectrometry M/z 485.3266[ M-H [ ]]^-(calcd.for C₃₀H₄₅O₅485.3267); the NMR data are shown in Table 1.

A compound IV: 7 beta-hydroxy-30-acetoxy betulinic acid (3-oxo-30-acetoxy-7 beta-hydroxy-lup-20 (29) -en-28-oic acid); melting point 304-305 ℃; optical rotationMain absorption peak (KBr) v of infrared spectrum_max：3481,3036,2952,1738,1715,1698,1388,1235,1057cm^-1(ii) a High resolution mass spectrometry M/z 527.3372[ M-H [ ]]^-(calcd.for C₃₂H₄₇O₆527.3373); the NMR data are shown in Table 1.

Compound v: 15 alpha-hydroxy-30-acetoxy betulinic acid (3-oxo-30-acetoxy-15 alpha-hydroxy-lup-20 (29) -en-28-oic acid); melting point 297-299 ℃; optical rotationMain absorption peak (KB) of infrared spectrumr)ν_max：3506,3041,2953,1748,1711,1695,1368,1227,1050cm^-1(ii) a High resolution mass spectrometry M/z 527.3370[ M-H [ ]]^-(calcd.for C₃₂H₄₇O₆527.3373); the NMR data are shown in Table 2.

Compound vi: 30-hydroperoxy betulonic acid (3-oxo-30-hydroperoxyl-lup-28-oic acid); melting point 296-; optical rotationMain absorption peak (KBr) v of infrared spectrum_max：3577,3039,2963,1735,1701,1371,1243,1075cm^-1(ii) a High resolution mass spectrometry M/z 485.3264[ M-H [ ]]^-(calcd.for C₃₀H₄₅O₅485.3267); the NMR data are shown in Table 2.

And (3) a compound VII: 7 beta, 23-dihydroxy betulinic acid (3-oxo-7 beta, 23-dihydroxy-lup-20(29) -en-28-oic acid); melting point 322-324 ℃; optical rotationMain absorption peak (KBr) v of infrared spectrum_max：3497,3044,2962,1753,1712,1384,1207,1055cm^-1(ii) a High resolution Mass Spectrometry M/z 509.3239[ M + Na ]]⁺(calcd.for C₃₀H₄₆O₅Na, 509.3243); the NMR data are shown in Table 2.

Compound viii: 7 beta, 15 alpha, 23-trihydroxy betulonic acid (3-oxo-7 beta, 15 alpha, 23-trihydroxy-lup-20(29) -en-28-oic acid); melting point 343-; optical rotationMain absorption peak (KBr) v of infrared spectrum_max：3559,3035,2955,1751,1714,1379,1235,1033cm^-1(ii) a High resolution mass spectrometry M/z 501.3215[ M-H [ ]]^-(calcd.for C₃₀H₄₅O₆501.3216); the NMR data are shown in Table 2.

A compound IX: 7 beta-hydroxy-23-acetoxy betulinic acid (3-oxo-23-acetoxy-7 beta-hydroxy-l)up-20(29) -en-28-oic acid); melting point 311-312 ℃; optical rotationMain absorption peak (KBr) v of infrared spectrum_max：3543,3032,2941,1742,1715,1697,1376,1214,1028cm^-1(ii) a High resolution mass spectrometry M/z 527.3373[ M-H [ ]]^-(calcd.for C₃₂H₄₇O₆527.3373); the NMR data are shown in Table 3.

Compound x: 15 alpha-hydroxy-23-acetoxy betulinic acid (3-oxo-23-acetoxy-15 alpha-hydroxy-lup-20 (29) -en-28-oic acid); melting point 305-; optical rotationMain absorption peak (KBr) v of infrared spectrum_max：3537,3046,2938,1750,1712,1698,1384,1228,1031cm^-1(ii) a High resolution mass spectrometry M/z 527.3376[ M-H [ ]]^-(calcd.for C₃₂H₄₇O₆527.3373); the NMR data are shown in Table 3.

Compound xi: 2-carbonyl-3 beta, 7 beta-dihydroxy betulinic acid (2-oxo-3 beta, 7 beta-dihydroxy-lup-20 (29) -en-28-oic acid); melting point 332 and 334 ℃; optical rotationMain absorption peak (KBr) v of infrared spectrum_max：3455,3046,2936,1724,1706,1388,1215,1024cm^-1(ii) a High resolution mass spectrometry M/z 485.3263[ M-H [ ]]^-(calcd.for C₃₀H₄₅O₅485.3267); the NMR data are shown in Table 3.

Compound XII: 2 alpha, 7 beta-dihydroxy betulinic acid (3-oxo-2 alpha, 7 beta-dihydroxy-lup-20 (29) -en-28-oic acid); melting point 315-; optical rotationMain absorption peak (KBr) v of infrared spectrum_max：3527,3046,2981,1746,1701,1382,1237,1022cm^-1(ii) a High resolution mass spectrum m/z 485.3262[M–H]^-(calcd.for C₃₀H₄₅O₅485.3267); the NMR data are shown in Table 3.

Compound XIII: 7 beta, 22 beta-dihydroxy betulinic acid (3-oxo-7 beta, 22 beta-dihydroxy-lup-20 (29) -en-28-oic acid); melting point 324-325 ℃; optical rotationMain absorption peak (KBr) v of infrared spectrum_max：3471,3053,2973,1757,1711,1379,1213,1027cm^-1(ii) a High resolution mass spectrometry M/z 485.3261[ M-H [ ]]^-(calcd.for C₃₀H₄₅O₅485.3267); the NMR hydrogen and carbon spectra data are shown in Table 4.

Compound XIV: 20(S) -7 beta-hydroxy-29-acetoxy betulinic acid (20(S) -3-oxo-7 beta-hydroxy-29-acetoxy-lup-28-oic acid); melting point 302-; optical rotationMain absorption peak (KBr) v of infrared spectrum_max：3538,2963,1745,1713,1702,1369,1223,1033cm^-1(ii) a High resolution mass spectrometry M/z 529.3531[ M-H [ ]]^-(calcd.for C₃₂H₄₉O₆529.3529); the NMR hydrogen and carbon spectra data are shown in Table 4.

Compound XV: 20(S) -7 beta-hydroxy-29-acetoxy betulinic acid (20(R) -3-oxo-7 beta-hydroxy-29-acetoxy-lup-28-oic acid); melting point 311-313 ℃; optical rotationMain absorption peak (KBr) v of infrared spectrum_max：3533,2977,1744,1716,1701,1361,1227,1039cm^-1(ii) a High resolution mass spectrometry M/z 529.3533[ M-H [ ]]^-(calcd.for C₃₂H₄₉O₆529.3529); the NMR hydrogen and carbon spectra data are shown in Table 4.

Compound XVI: 7 beta-hydroxybetulinic acid-28-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (3-oxo-7 beta-hydroxy-lup-20 (29) -en-28-oic acid-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester); fusion furnacePoint 386-388 ℃; optical rotationMain absorption peak (KBr) v of infrared spectrum_max：3575,3047,2967,1741,1709,1355,1237,1035cm^-1(ii) a High resolution mass spectrometry M/z 631.3847[ M-H [ ]]^-(calcd.for C₃₆H₅₅O₉631.3846); the NMR hydrogen and carbon spectra data are shown in Table 4.

TABLE 1 nuclear magnetic hydrogen and carbon spectra data (deuterated chloroform) of Compound I, Compound II, Compound III, and Compound IV

TABLE 2 nuclear magnetic hydrogen and carbon spectra data (deuterated chloroform) of Compound V, Compound VI, Compound VII, and Compound VIII

TABLE 3 nuclear magnetic hydrogen and carbon spectra data (deuterated chloroform) of Compound IX, Compound X, Compound XI, and Compound XII

TABLE 4 nuclear magnetic hydrogen and carbon spectra data (deuterated chloroform) of Compound XIII, Compound XIV, Compound XV, and Compound XVI

The above results indicate that the obtained compound has the correct structure.

EXAMPLE 2 anti-neuritic Activity of Compounds I-XVI of the invention

1) Experimental Material

Instruments and reagents: CO2 incubator (Joean IGO 150); microplate reader (Bio-TEK ELx 800); fluorescence inverted microscope (Olympus IX 51); MTT cell proliferation and cytotoxicity detection kit (Biyuntian biotechnology research institute), RPM I1640 culture medium (Gibcol BRL), glial cell BV-2, RNase A, fetal bovine serum, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), trypsin (Shanghai bioengineering Co., Ltd.).

Test samples: betulinic acid and the compounds I-IV synthesized in the example 1 have the purity of more than 95 percent; meanwhile, L-monomethyl arginine (L-NMMA) is selected as a positive control drug, and each compound is dissolved in DMSO and then diluted.

2) Experimental methods

The MTT method is adopted to determine the influence of each tested compound on the activity of the BV-2 cells of the glial cells: collecting BV-2 cells in logarithmic growth phase, and adjusting cell concentration to 5 × 10 with DMEM culture solution containing 10% calf serum and 1% penicillin-streptomycin double-antibody solution⁴And each cell/mL is inoculated in a 96-well culture plate, 100 mu L of cell suspension is added into each well of a drug treatment group and a cell control group, each group is provided with 3 multiple wells, a blank control group is only added with DMEM full culture medium, and each well is provided with 100 mu L and 3 multiple wells. Placing 96-well culture plate at 37 deg.C and 5% CO₂After 24h of incubation in an incubator, test samples of different concentrations were added to a final concentration of 0.1-100. mu.M, and incubation was continued for 72 h. Measuring absorbance (A) at 490nm by MTT method in microplate reader, and calculating inhibition rate (1-experiment group A value/control group A value) × 100%]。

The effect of each test compound on LPS-induced release of NO from BV-2 cells was determined using Griess method: adjusting the cell concentration to 2X 10⁵And each cell/mL is inoculated in a 96-well culture plate, each well contains 1mL of cell suspension, each group is provided with 3 multiple wells, a blank control group is added with only DMEM full culture medium, and 3 multiple wells are arranged. Placing 96-well culture plate at 37 deg.C and 5% CO₂After 24h of incubation in an incubator, test samples of different concentrations were added to a final concentration of 0.1-100. mu.M, and after 12h of further incubation, the supernatant was taken and the level of NO in the culture broth was measured according to the kit instructions. The data were analyzed and processed using SPSS Statistics 25 software to calculate the half Inhibitory Concentration (IC) for each test sample to inhibit NO release₅₀)。

3) Results of the experiment

According to the test results of MTT method and Griess method, the influence of betulonic acid and the compounds I-XVI of the invention on the NO release of BV-2 cells induced by LPS is calculated, and the results are shown in Table 5.

TABLE 5 results of test samples inhibiting LPS-induced NO release from BV-2 cells

The results show that the compound I-XVI of the invention has NO obvious cell inhibition effect on BV-2, can obviously reduce the release level of BV-2 cell inflammatory factor NO induced by LPS, has good anti-neuritis activity, and can be used as an active component of an anti-neuritis medicament.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.