阅读说明：本技术 一种齿轮热处理方法及装置 (Gear heat treatment method and device ) 是由 魏耀坤 于 2021-08-06 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及热处理技术领域,具体公开了一种齿轮热处理方法及装置,包括炉体、加热器、盖体、轴杆和多个摆放组件,加热器置于炉体的内部,盖体与炉体拆卸连接,轴杆与盖体转动连接,并位于炉体的内部,轴杆的外部设置有多个摆放组件。通过将齿轮挂在挂持体上,然后将齿轮放入至炉体中,加热器启动,对齿轮进行热处理,其中由于齿轮在炉体中处于悬挂状态,能够使得热气与齿轮表面接触更加充分,使得齿轮受热更加均匀,提升齿轮的产品质量。(The invention relates to the technical field of heat treatment, and particularly discloses a gear heat treatment method and device. Hang on the body of holding through hanging the gear, then put into the furnace body with the gear, the heater starts, carries out heat treatment to the gear, wherein because the gear is in the suspension state in the furnace body, can make steam and gear surface contact more abundant for the gear is heated more evenly, promotes the product quality of gear.)

1. A gear heat treatment device is characterized in that,

the furnace comprises a furnace body (1), a heater (2), a cover body (3), a shaft lever (4) and a plurality of placing components (5), wherein the heater (2) is arranged inside the furnace body (1), the cover body (3) is detachably connected with the furnace body (1), the shaft lever (4) is rotatably connected with the cover body (3) and is positioned inside the furnace body (1), and the plurality of placing components (5) are arranged outside the shaft lever (4);

each placing assembly (5) comprises a cross rod (51), a plurality of connecting parts (52) and a hanging body (53), the cross rod (51) is fixedly connected with the shaft rod (4), the connecting parts (52) are arranged below the cross rod (51), and the hanging body (53) is arranged below the connecting parts (52).

2. The gear heat treatment apparatus according to claim 1,

the lower end face of the cross rod (51) is provided with a T-shaped groove (511), the connecting part (52) comprises a T-shaped block (521) and a mounting block (522), the T-shaped block (521) is in sliding connection with the T-shaped groove (511), and the mounting block (522) is fixedly connected with the T-shaped block (521) and is located below the T-shaped block (521).

3. The gear heat treatment apparatus according to claim 2,

hang and hold body (53) including montant (531) and crosspiece (532), montant (531) with installation piece (522) fixed connection, and be located the below of installation piece (522), crosspiece (532) with montant (531) fixed connection, just the axial centerline of crosspiece (532) with the axial centerline mutually perpendicular of montant (531).

4. The gear heat treatment apparatus according to claim 3,

the hanging body (53) further comprises a limiting block (533), and the limiting block (533) is fixedly connected with the transverse bar (532) and is positioned at one end, far away from the vertical bar (531), of the transverse bar (532).

5. The gear heat treatment apparatus according to claim 4,

the gear heat treatment device further comprises two lifting lugs (6), the two lifting lugs (6) are respectively and fixedly connected with the cover body (3) and are located above the cover body (3), and the two lifting lugs (6) are symmetrically arranged.

6. A heat treatment method for a gear heat treatment apparatus according to claim 5, comprising the steps of:

putting the gear into a pickling tank, adding a corrosion inhibitor into the pickling tank according to the proportion of 0.3-0.6 g per liter, installing a pickling stirring machine above the pickling tank, stirring in the pickling tank, pickling for 20-30min at the pickling temperature of 50-65 ℃, washing the gear with acid liquor at the concentration of 15-24%, taking out the gear, and washing the gear with high-pressure clear water for 3 times;

then hanging the shaft center hole of the gear on the transverse baffle (532), starting the heater (2), raising the furnace temperature to 200 ℃ and 250 ℃, and preserving the temperature for 5 hours;

then the temperature of the furnace is raised to 800-900 ℃ and the temperature is kept for 2 hours;

cooling for 5-10min after discharging, putting the gear into quenching oil at 920-950 ℃, and quenching and cooling for 2 hours;

then the gear is put into a tempering furnace for tempering treatment, the furnace temperature is raised to 680-710 ℃, the temperature is reduced by 80-90 ℃ per hour for 5 hours, and finally the gear is taken out of the furnace and cooled to room temperature.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of heat treatment, in particular to a gear heat treatment method and device.

Background

Gears are one of the most widely used components in mechanical transmissions and function to transmit power and motion at a specified speed ratio. In operation, the stress condition of the gear is complex, the root part of the gear is subjected to alternating bending stress, the tooth surface is subjected to large contact stress and generates strong friction, and the gear is also subjected to certain impact load during gear shifting, starting and poor meshing. The main failure modes of gears are fatigue tooth breakage, fatigue pitting, and excessive wear of the tooth surfaces. According to the stress condition and failure analysis of the gear, the gear generally needs to be subjected to proper heat treatment so as to improve the bearing capacity and prolong the service life.

However, the existing gear is heated unevenly in the heat treatment process, and the quality of the gear is easily affected.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a gear heat treatment method and a gear heat treatment device, and aims to solve the technical problem that the quality of a gear is easily affected due to uneven heating in the heat treatment process of the gear in the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the gear heat treatment device comprises a furnace body, a heater, a cover body, a shaft lever and a plurality of placing components, wherein the heater is arranged inside the furnace body;

each placing assembly comprises a cross rod, a plurality of connecting parts and a hanging body, the cross rod is fixedly connected with the shaft rod, the connecting parts are arranged below the cross rod, and the hanging body is arranged below the connecting parts.

Through hanging the gear on hang the body of holding, then put into the gear in the furnace body, the heater starts, carries out heat treatment to the gear, wherein because the gear is in the suspension state in the furnace body, can make steam and gear surface contact more abundant for the gear is heated more evenly, promotes the product quality of gear.

The connecting part comprises a T-shaped block and a mounting block, the T-shaped block is connected with the T-shaped groove in a sliding mode, and the mounting block is fixedly connected with the T-shaped block and located below the T-shaped block.

Through the T-shaped block slides in the T-shaped groove, the mounting block can move, so that the hanging bodies are driven to move, and the distance between two adjacent hanging bodies can be adjusted according to the size of the gears.

The hanging and holding body comprises a vertical rod and a transverse bar, the vertical rod is fixedly connected with the mounting block and is positioned below the mounting block, the transverse bar is fixedly connected with the vertical rod, and the axial center line of the transverse bar is perpendicular to the axial center line of the vertical rod.

The montant is used for connecting the installation piece, the crosspiece is used for running through the axle center hole of gear to this is convenient to be hung and is held the gear, makes with steam contact more abundant during subsequent thermal treatment.

The hanging body further comprises a limiting block, the limiting block is fixedly connected with the transverse bar and is positioned at one end, far away from the vertical bar, of the transverse bar.

After the axle center hole of the gear is hung on the transverse bar, the position of the gear can be limited by the limiting block, and the gear is prevented from falling off from the transverse bar.

The gear heat treatment device further comprises two lifting lugs, the two lifting lugs are fixedly connected with the cover body respectively and are located above the cover body, and the two lifting lugs are symmetrically arranged.

The arrangement of the two support lugs can facilitate the hoisting machine to hoist the cover body, so that the gear in the furnace body can be hoisted out conveniently for subsequent operation.

The invention also provides a heat treatment method adopting the gear heat treatment device, which comprises the following steps:

putting the gear into a pickling tank, adding a corrosion inhibitor into the pickling tank according to the proportion of 0.3-0.6 g per liter, installing a pickling stirring machine above the pickling tank, stirring in the pickling tank, pickling for 20-30min at the pickling temperature of 50-65 ℃, washing the gear with acid liquor at the concentration of 15-24%, taking out the gear, and washing the gear with high-pressure clear water for 3 times;

then hanging the shaft center hole of the gear on the transverse baffle, starting the heater, raising the furnace temperature to 200 ℃ and 250 ℃, and preserving the temperature for 5 hours;

then the temperature of the furnace is raised to 800-900 ℃ and the temperature is kept for 2 hours;

cooling for 5-10min after discharging, putting the gear into quenching oil at 920-950 ℃, and quenching and cooling for 2 hours;

then the gear is put into a tempering furnace for tempering treatment, the furnace temperature is raised to 680-710 ℃, the temperature is reduced by 80-90 ℃ per hour for 5 hours, and finally the gear is taken out of the furnace and cooled to room temperature.

According to the gear heat treatment method and device, the gear is hung on the hanging body, then the gear is placed into the furnace body, the heater is started, and heat treatment is carried out on the gear, wherein hot air can be in contact with the surface of the gear more fully due to the fact that the gear is in the hanging state in the furnace body, the gear is heated more uniformly, and the product quality of the gear is improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a gear heat treatment apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the a-a line structure of fig. 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of the structure of fig. 2B according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a partial structure of the gear heat treatment apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of the structure of fig. 4C according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a flow chart of the steps of the gear heat treatment method of the present invention.

1-furnace body, 2-heater, 3-cover body, 4-shaft lever, 5-placing component, 51-cross bar, 511-T groove, 512-thread groove, 52-connecting component, 521-T block, 522-mounting block, 523-bolt, 53-hanging body, 531-vertical bar, 532-cross bar, 533-limiting block, 6-lifting lug, 7-motor, 8-speed reducer and 9-vent pipe.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the present invention provides a gear heat treatment apparatus, including a furnace body 1, a heater 2, a cover 3, a shaft rod 4 and a plurality of placing components 5, wherein the heater 2 is disposed inside the furnace body 1, the cover 3 is detachably connected to the furnace body 1, the shaft rod 4 is rotatably connected to the cover 3 and is located inside the furnace body 1, and a plurality of placing components 5 are disposed outside the shaft rod 4;

each holding assembly 5 comprises a cross rod 51, a plurality of connecting components 52 and a hanging body 53, wherein the cross rod 51 is fixedly connected with the shaft rod 4, the connecting components 52 are all arranged below the cross rod 51, and the hanging body 53 is arranged below the connecting components 52.

In this embodiment, the gear is hung on the hanging body 53, and then the gear is placed in the furnace body 1, the heater 2 is started to perform heat treatment on the gear, wherein the gear is in a hanging state in the furnace body 1, so that hot air can be in contact with the surface of the gear more sufficiently, the gear is heated more uniformly, and the product quality of the gear is improved.

Further, a T-shaped groove 511 is formed in the lower end face of the cross bar 51, the connecting part 52 comprises a T-shaped block 521 and a mounting block 522, the T-shaped block 521 is connected with the T-shaped groove 511 in a sliding manner, and the mounting block 522 is fixedly connected with the T-shaped block 521 and is located below the T-shaped block 521.

The hanging body 53 comprises a vertical rod 531 and a transverse bar 532, the vertical rod 531 is fixedly connected with the mounting block 522 and is located below the mounting block 522, the transverse bar 532 is fixedly connected with the vertical rod 531, and the axial center line of the transverse bar 532 is perpendicular to the axial center line of the vertical rod 531.

In this embodiment, the vertical rod 531 is used for connecting the mounting block 522, and the crosspiece 532 is used for penetrating through an axial hole of the gear, so as to conveniently hang and hold the gear, so that the gear is more fully contacted with hot air during subsequent heat treatment, and the mounting block 522 can be moved by sliding the T-shaped block 521 in the T-shaped groove 511, so as to drive the vertical rod 531 to move, so that the crosspiece 532 moves along with the vertical rod, and thus the distance between two adjacent hanging and holding bodies 53 can be adjusted according to the difference of the sizes of the gears.

Further, the hanging body 53 further includes a limiting block 533, and the limiting block 533 is fixedly connected to the rail 532 and is located at an end of the rail 532 far from the vertical rod 531.

In the present embodiment, after the axial hole of the gear is engaged with the crosspiece 532, the position of the gear can be limited by the stopper 533, and the gear is prevented from falling off the crosspiece 532.

Furthermore, the gear heat treatment device further comprises two lifting lugs 6, wherein the two lifting lugs 6 are respectively and fixedly connected with the cover body 3 and are positioned above the cover body 3, and the two lifting lugs 6 are symmetrically arranged.

In the present embodiment, the two support lugs can facilitate the lifting of the lid 3 by a crane, so as to facilitate the lifting of the gear in the furnace body 1 for subsequent operations.

Further, the cross bar 51 is further provided with a thread groove 512 communicated with the T-shaped groove 511, each connecting part 52 further comprises a bolt 523, the bolt 523 penetrates through the thread groove 512 and abuts against the T-shaped block 521, and the bolt 523 is in threaded fit with the thread groove 512.

In this embodiment, the T-shaped block 521 slides in the T-shaped groove 511, and after the T-shaped block 521 slides to a proper distance, the bolt 523 is screwed, so that the bolt 523 penetrates through the thread groove 512 and abuts against the side wall of the T-shaped block 521, thereby limiting the position of the T-shaped block 521 and avoiding collision between two adjacent gears.

Further, the gear heat treatment device further comprises a motor 7 and a speed reducer 8, the motor 7 is fixedly connected with the cover body 3, the output end of the motor 7 is connected with the input end of the speed reducer 8, and the output end of the speed reducer 8 is in transmission connection with the shaft rod 4.

In the embodiment, the motor 7 rotates to drive the speed reducer 8 to move, the output end of the speed reducer 8 drives the shaft rod 4 to rotate, and the gear rotates in the heat treatment process in the furnace body 1, so that the gear is heated more uniformly.

Further, the gear heat treatment device also comprises a vent pipe 9, wherein the vent pipe 9 penetrates through the cover body 3 and is communicated with the inside of the furnace body 1.

In this embodiment, the vent pipe 9 is provided to facilitate the introduction of nitrogen gas as a protective gas during the heat treatment of the gear in the furnace body 1.

Referring to fig. 6, the present invention further provides a heat treatment method using the gear heat treatment apparatus, including the following steps:

s1: putting the gear into a pickling tank, adding a corrosion inhibitor into the pickling tank according to the proportion of 0.3-0.6 g per liter, installing a pickling stirring machine above the pickling tank, stirring in the pickling tank, pickling for 20-30min at the pickling temperature of 50-65 ℃, washing the gear with acid liquor at the concentration of 15-24%, taking out the gear, and washing the gear with high-pressure clear water for 3 times;

s2: then, hanging the shaft center hole of the gear on the transverse bar 532, starting the heater 2, raising the furnace temperature to 200 ℃ and 250 ℃, and preserving the temperature for 5 hours;

s3: then the temperature of the furnace is raised to 800-900 ℃ and the temperature is kept for 2 hours;

s4: cooling for 5-10min after discharging, putting the gear into quenching oil at 920-950 ℃, and quenching and cooling for 2 hours;

s5: then the gear is put into a tempering furnace for tempering treatment, the furnace temperature is raised to 680-710 ℃, the temperature is reduced by 80-90 ℃ per hour for 5 hours, and finally the gear is taken out of the furnace and cooled to room temperature.

Placing a gear into a pickling tank, adding a corrosion inhibitor into the pickling tank according to the proportion of 0.3-0.6 g per liter, installing a pickling stirring machine above the pickling tank, stirring in the pickling tank, pickling for 20-30min at the pickling temperature of 50-65 ℃, washing the acid liquor at the acid liquor concentration of 15-24%, taking out, washing the gear with high-pressure clear water for 3 times, naturally drying the gear, hanging a shaft center hole of the gear on a cross bar 532, starting a heater 2, introducing nitrogen gas from a vent pipe 9, raising the furnace temperature to 200-; then the temperature of the furnace is raised to 800-900 ℃ and the temperature is kept for 2 hours; then hoisting the cover body 3 by using a crane, taking out the gear, cooling the gear for 5-10min after the gear is taken out of the furnace, and putting the gear into quenching oil at the temperature of 920-; then the gear is put into a tempering furnace for tempering treatment, the furnace temperature is raised to 680-710 ℃, the temperature is reduced by 80-90 ℃ per hour for 5 hours, and finally the gear is taken out of the furnace and cooled to room temperature.

While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.