阅读说明：本技术 一种改善铝合金耐蚀性用的改性废铝 (Modified waste aluminum for improving corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy ) 是由 杨勇 张枫 张育玮 田莉 于 2019-09-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种改善铝合金耐蚀性用的改性废铝,涉及环保技术领域,改性废铝由氮化物、废铝粉、铜粉经过复合研磨得到；本发明制备的改性废铝能够显著的改善铝合金的耐腐蚀性能。(The invention discloses modified waste aluminum for improving corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy, and relates to the technical field of environmental protection, wherein the modified waste aluminum is obtained by performing composite grinding on nitride, waste aluminum powder and copper powder; the modified waste aluminum prepared by the invention can obviously improve the corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy.)

1. The modified waste aluminum for improving the corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy is characterized in that the modified waste aluminum is obtained by compositely grinding nitride, waste aluminum powder and copper powder.

2. The modified waste aluminum for improving corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mixing mass ratio of the nitride, the waste aluminum powder and the copper powder is 3-5:12: 1.

3. The modified waste aluminum for improving corrosion resistance of an aluminum alloy as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein said nitride is a mixture of silicon nitride and titanium nitride in a mass ratio of 1: 3.

4. The modified aluminum scrap for improving the corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the modified aluminum scrap is prepared by the following method:

(1) evenly dividing waste aluminum powder into two parts with equal ab quantity, evenly mixing the waste aluminum powder a and silicon nitride, then adding glycerol with 5 times of the total mass after mixing, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1min, grinding for 2 hours according to a ball-to-material ratio of 20:1, then filtering and drying to obtain a mixed material 1;

(2) uniformly mixing b parts of waste aluminum powder and titanium nitride, adding the mixture into polyethylene glycol with the total mass being 5 times of the mixed mass, grinding for 1 hour according to the ball-to-material ratio of 25:1, filtering, and drying to obtain a mixed material 2;

(3) and mixing the mixed materials 1 and 2, adding copper powder, mixing with polyethylene glycol which is 5 times of the total mass of the mixed materials, grinding for 30min at a ball-to-material ratio of 25:1, filtering, drying to constant weight, and sieving with a 800-mesh sieve to obtain the copper-based catalyst.

5. The modified waste aluminum for improving corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy as claimed in claim 4, wherein the ultrasonic wave has a frequency of 30kHz and a power of 500W.

6. The modified waste aluminum for improving corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the modified waste aluminum is mixed with the aluminum alloy in a ratio of 1-1.5: 100.

7. The modified waste aluminum for improving corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein the modified waste aluminum is added in a molten state of aluminum alloy, stirred for 30min, cast-molded, cooled, and heat-treated.

8. The modified scrap aluminum for improving corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy in accordance with claim 7 wherein the casting is performed at 730 ℃.

9. The modified waste aluminum for improving corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy as claimed in claim 7, wherein the heat treatment is carried out at 510-520 ℃ for 5 hours, and water quenching is carried out with 75 ℃ water.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection, and particularly relates to modified waste aluminum for improving corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy.

Background

Aluminum has extremely high cost and huge energy consumption from ores to finished metals and then to finished products, but a large amount of waste is generated in the production and the life at present, so that not only is the environment polluted, but also huge resource waste is caused. More and more enterprises have researched the technology of recycling and reusing waste metal aluminum, and the technology has great significance in saving resources on the earth, saving energy consumption and cost, shortening the production flow period, protecting the environment, improving the ecological environment of human beings and the like.

When the aluminum alloy spare exposes in the air, because contain oxygen, moisture, temperature variation and other corrosivity factors in the air for the corruption of aluminum alloy spare is inevitable, and when the stack of corroding for a long time, can direct lead to the reduction by a wide margin of aluminum alloy spare performance, can't continue to work, consequently, how to improve the corrosion resisting property of aluminum alloy spare is the technical problem that needs the solution.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide modified waste aluminum for improving the corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy aiming at the existing problems.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the modified waste aluminum for improving the corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy is obtained by carrying out composite grinding on nitride, waste aluminum powder and copper powder.

As a further technical scheme, the mixing mass ratio of the nitride to the waste aluminum powder to the copper powder is 3-5:12: 1.

As a further technical scheme, the nitride is formed by mixing silicon nitride and titanium nitride according to the mass ratio of 1: 3.

As a further technical scheme, the preparation method of the modified waste aluminum comprises the following steps:

(1) evenly dividing waste aluminum powder into two parts with equal ab quantity, evenly mixing the waste aluminum powder a and silicon nitride, then adding glycerol with 5 times of the total mass after mixing, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1min, grinding for 2 hours according to a ball-to-material ratio of 20:1, then filtering and drying to obtain a mixed material 1;

(2) uniformly mixing b parts of waste aluminum powder and titanium nitride, adding the mixture into polyethylene glycol with the total mass being 5 times of the mixed mass, grinding for 1 hour according to the ball-to-material ratio of 25:1, filtering, and drying to obtain a mixed material 2;

(3) and mixing the mixed materials 1 and 2, adding copper powder, mixing with polyethylene glycol which is 5 times of the total mass of the mixed materials, grinding for 30min at a ball-to-material ratio of 25:1, filtering, drying to constant weight, and sieving with a 800-mesh sieve to obtain the copper-based catalyst.

As a further technical scheme, the frequency of the ultrasonic wave is 30kHz, and the power is 500W.

As a further technical scheme, the mixing ratio of the modified waste aluminum to the aluminum alloy is 1-1.5: 100.

As a further technical scheme, the modified waste aluminum is added in an aluminum alloy molten state, stirred for 30min, then cast and molded, cooled and then subjected to heat treatment, and the aluminum alloy is obtained.

As a further technical scheme, the pouring is performed at 730 ℃.

As a further technical scheme, the heat treatment is carried out at 510-520 ℃ for 5 hours, and water quenching is carried out by using water at 75 ℃.

Has the advantages that: the modified aluminum scrap prepared by the method can obviously improve the corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy, and when no nitride is added into the modified aluminum scrap or only titanium nitride is adopted as the nitride, the corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy is obviously reduced, so that the silicon nitride and the titanium nitride in a certain mass ratio have an obvious synergistic effect, and the corrosion resistance of the prepared modified aluminum scrap can be greatly improved. The chloride ions are active ions with quite strong adsorption capacity, and have the characteristics of small radius, strong penetrating power, capability of chemically damaging an oxide film on the surface of the aluminum alloy, solution conductivity enhancement and the like, so that the surface of the aluminum alloy is corroded, the modified waste aluminum is added, the chloride ions can be effectively blocked, the destructive effect of the chloride ions on the surface of an aluminum alloy matrix is reduced, intergranular corrosion is generated through a crystal boundary transversely parallel to the surface of the matrix, the matrix is separated in various layers, the intergranular corrosion of the aluminum alloy hardly causes weight change, the weight change is not easy to be discovered by naked eyes, but the bonding force of internal crystal grains of the aluminum alloy is damaged, and the mechanical property is reduced, the grain refining effect can be remarkably improved, the average crystal grain radius is reduced, the average crystal radius can be reduced to about 89.2 mu m, the grain reduction degree is about 55 percent smaller than that before modified waste aluminum is not added, and meanwhile, eutectic silicon in the aluminum alloy is changed from long rod-shaped or needle-shaped with edges and corners which are unevenly distributed into point-shaped and evenly distributed among the crystal grains, the silicon phase and the alpha-Al matrix are combined more tightly, the area of the cathode phase is reduced, so that the bonding force among the crystal grains can be obviously improved, and the occurrence of intergranular corrosion and the damage of chloride ions is reduced.

Detailed Description